def test_from_altaz_parameters(ts):
usno = Topos('38.9215 N', '77.0669 W', elevation_m=92.0)
t = ts.tt(jd=api.T0)
p = usno.at(t)
a = api.Angle(degrees=10.0)
d = api.Distance(au=0.234)
with assert_raises(ValueError, 'the alt= parameter with an Angle'):
p.from_altaz(alt='Bad value', alt_degrees=0, az_degrees=0)
with assert_raises(ValueError, 'the az= parameter with an Angle'):
p.from_altaz(az='Bad value', alt_degrees=0, az_degrees=0)
p.from_altaz(alt=a, alt_degrees='bad', az_degrees=0)
p.from_altaz(az=a, alt_degrees=0, az_degrees='bad')
assert str(p.from_altaz(alt=a, az=a).distance()) == '0.1 au'
assert str(p.from_altaz(alt=a, az=a, distance=d).distance()) == '0.234 au'
def horz2eq(az, ZA, gps):
"""
Convert from horizontal (az, ZA) to equatorial (RA, dec)"
Returns RA, dec,
Inputs:
time - GPS time
"""
t = su.time2tai(gps)
observer = su.S_MWAPOS.at(t)
# logger.info('Calculating az, ZA at time %s', t.utc_iso())
coords = observer.from_altaz(alt_degrees=(90 - ZA),
az_degrees=az,
distance=si.Distance(au=9e90))
ra_a, dec_a, _ = coords.radec()
return {'RA': ra_a._degrees, 'dec': dec_a.degrees}
def make_primarybeammap(datetimestring,
delays,
frequency,
center=False,
sunline=True,
low=1,
high=2000,
plothourangle=True,
extension='png',
figsize=8,
title=None,
directory=None,
tle=None,
duration=300,
moon=False,
jupiter=False,
verbose=False):
"""
filename=make_primarybeammap(datetimestring, delays, frequency, center=False, sunline=True,
low=1, high=2000, plothourangle=True, extension='png', figsize=8, title=None, directory=None, tle=None, duration=300,
moon=False, jupiter=False, verbose=False)
if center==True, will center the image on the LST
otherwise will have a fixed range (RA=-12 to 12)
can adjust the grayscale limits
if plothourangle==True, will also plot x-axis for hour angle
"""
su.init_data()
# protect against log errors
if (low <= 0):
low = 1
if not os.path.exists(config.RADIO_IMAGE_FILE):
logger.error("Could not find 408 MHz image: %s\n" %
(config.RADIO_IMAGE_FILE))
return None
try:
if (verbose):
print("Loading 408 MHz map from %s..." % config.RADIO_IMAGE_FILE)
f = pyfits.open(config.RADIO_IMAGE_FILE)
except Exception as e:
logger.error("Error opening 408 MHz image: %s\nError: %s\n" %
(config.RADIO_IMAGE_FILE, e))
return None
skymap = f[0].data[0]
# x=skymap[:,0].reshape(-1,1)
# x=skymap[:,0:10]
# skymap=numpy.concatenate((skymap,x),axis=1)
tlelines = []
satellite_label = ''
if tle is not None:
try:
tlefile = open(tle)
tlelines = tlefile.readlines()
tlefile.close()
except Exception as e:
logger.error('Could not open TLE file %s: %s' % (tle, e))
ra = (f[0].header.get('CRVAL1') +
(numpy.arange(1, skymap.shape[1] + 1) - f[0].header.get('CRPIX1')) *
f[0].header.get('CDELT1')) / 15.0
dec = (f[0].header.get('CRVAL2') +
(numpy.arange(1, skymap.shape[0] + 1) - f[0].header.get('CRPIX2')) *
f[0].header.get('CDELT2'))
# parse the datetimestring
try:
yr = int(datetimestring[:4])
mn = int(datetimestring[4:6])
dy = int(datetimestring[6:8])
hour = int(datetimestring[8:10])
minute = int(datetimestring[10:12])
second = int(datetimestring[12:14])
except ValueError:
logger.error('Could not parse datetimestring %s\n' % datetimestring)
return None
s_obstime = su.TIMESCALE.utc(year=yr,
month=mn,
day=dy,
hour=hour,
minute=minute,
second=second)
observer = su.S_MWAPOS.at(s_obstime)
# determine the LST
LST_hours = s_obstime.gmst + (su.MWA_TOPO.longitude.degrees / 15)
if LST_hours > 24.0:
LST_hours -= 24.0
if (verbose):
print("For %s UT, LST=%6.4f" % (s_obstime.utc_iso()[:-1], LST_hours))
# this will be the center of the image
RA0 = 0
if (center):
RA0 = LST_hours * 15
else:
if (6 < LST_hours < 18):
RA0 = 180
# use LST to get Az,Alt grid for image
RA, Dec = numpy.meshgrid(ra * 15, dec)
UTs = '%02d:%02d:%02d' % (hour, minute, second)
a_obstime = Time('%d-%d-%d %s' % (yr, mn, dy, UTs), scale='utc')
coords = SkyCoord(ra=RA,
dec=Dec,
equinox='J2000',
unit=(astropy.units.deg, astropy.units.deg))
coords.location = config.MWAPOS
coords.obstime = a_obstime
coords_prec = coords.transform_to('altaz')
Az, Alt = coords_prec.az.deg, coords_prec.alt.deg
# get the horizon line
Az_Horz = numpy.arange(360.0)
Alt_Horz = numpy.zeros(Az_Horz.shape)
hequatorial = observer.from_altaz(alt_degrees=Alt_Horz,
az_degrees=Az_Horz,
distance=si.Distance(au=9e90))
RA_H_a, Dec_H_a, _ = hequatorial.radec()
RA_Horz, Dec_Horz = RA_H_a._degrees, Dec_H_a.degrees
RA_Horz[numpy.where(RA_Horz > 180 + RA0)] -= 360
RA_Horz[numpy.where(RA_Horz < -180 + RA0)] += 360
maskedskymap = numpy.where(Alt > 0, skymap, numpy.nan)
# figure out where the Sun will be
RAsun, Decsun, Azsun, Altsun = sunposition(s_obstime)
if (RAsun > 180 + RA0):
RAsun -= 360
if (RAsun < -180 + RA0):
RAsun += 360
RAsuns, Decsuns = sunpositions()
RAsuns = numpy.array(RAsuns)
Decsuns = numpy.array(Decsuns)
HAsuns = -RAsuns + LST_hours * 15
RAsuns = numpy.where(RAsuns > 180 + RA0, RAsuns - 360, RAsuns)
RAsuns = numpy.where(RAsuns < -180 + RA0, RAsuns + 360, RAsuns)
ra_sat = []
dec_sat = []
time_sat = []
if tlelines is not None and len(tlelines) >= 3:
satellite_label = tlelines[0].replace('_', r'\_').replace('\n', '')
satellite = si.EarthSatellite(tlelines[1],
tlelines[2],
name=tlelines[0],
ts=su.TIMESCALE)
ra_sat, dec_sat, time_sat, sublong_sat, sublat_sat = satellite_positions(
satellite, a_obstime.gps, range(0, duration, 1), RA0=RA0)
# do the plotting
# this sets up the figure with the right aspect ratio
fig = pylab.figure(figsize=(figsize, 0.5 * figsize), dpi=120)
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
# this is the Haslam map, plotted as a log-scale
# it is slightly transparent since this does below the horizon too
ax1.imshow(numpy.log10(skymap),
cmap=pylab.cm.get_cmap('gray_r'),
aspect='auto',
vmin=math.log10(low),
vmax=math.log10(high),
origin='lower',
extent=(ra[0], ra[-1], dec[0], dec[-1]),
alpha=0.9)
ax1.imshow(numpy.log10(maskedskymap),
cmap=pylab.cm.get_cmap('gray_r'),
aspect='auto',
vmin=0,
vmax=math.log10(2000),
origin='lower',
extent=(ra[0], ra[-1], dec[0], dec[-1]))
# this is the Haslam map but only above the horizon
ax1.imshow(numpy.log10(skymap),
cmap=pylab.cm.get_cmap('gray_r'),
aspect='auto',
vmin=math.log10(low),
vmax=math.log10(high),
origin='lower',
extent=(ra[0] + 24, ra[-1] + 24, dec[0], dec[-1]),
alpha=0.9)
ax1.imshow(numpy.log10(maskedskymap),
cmap=pylab.cm.get_cmap('gray_r'),
aspect='auto',
vmin=math.log10(low),
vmax=math.log10(high),
origin='lower',
extent=(ra[0] + 24, ra[-1] + 24, dec[0], dec[-1]))
contourcolors = ['r', 'c', 'y', 'm', 'w', 'g', 'b']
if (isinstance(frequency, float) or isinstance(frequency, int)):
if (verbose):
print("Creating primary beam response for frequency %.2f MHz..." %
(frequency))
print("Beamformer delays are %s" % delays)
r = return_beam(Alt, Az, delays, frequency)
if (r is None):
return None
Z2 = numpy.where(r >= min(contourlevels), r, 0)
if (verbose):
i = numpy.nonzero(Z2 == Z2.max())
ramax = RA[i][0]
if (ramax < 0):
ramax += 360
print("Sensitivity is max at (RA,Dec)=(%.5f,%.5f)" %
(ramax, Dec[i][0]))
# put on contours for the beam
ax1.contour(RA / 15.0, Dec, Z2, contourlevels, colors='r')
ax1.contour(RA / 15.0 - 24, Dec, Z2, contourlevels, colors='r')
ax1.contour(RA / 15.0 + 24, Dec, Z2, contourlevels, colors='r')
else:
icolor = 0
for f in frequency:
color = contourcolors[icolor]
if (verbose):
print(
"Creating primary beam response for frequency %.2f MHz..."
% (f))
print("Beamformer delays are %s" % delays)
r = return_beam(Alt, Az, delays, f)
if r is None:
return None
Z2 = numpy.where(r >= min(contourlevels), r, 0)
if (verbose):
i = numpy.nonzero(Z2 == Z2.max())
ramax = RA[i][0]
if (ramax < 0):
ramax += 360
print("Sensitivity is max at (RA,Dec)=(%.5f,%.5f)" %
(ramax, Dec[i][0]))
# put on contours for the beam
ax1.contour(RA / 15.0, Dec, Z2, contourlevels, colors=color)
ax1.contour(RA / 15.0 - 24, Dec, Z2, contourlevels, colors=color)
ax1.contour(RA / 15.0 + 24, Dec, Z2, contourlevels, colors=color)
icolor += 1
if (icolor >= len(contourcolors)):
icolor = 0
# plot the horizon line
RA_Horz, Dec_Horz = list(zip(*sorted(zip(RA_Horz, Dec_Horz))))
ax1.plot(numpy.array(RA_Horz) / 15.0, numpy.array(Dec_Horz), 'k')
x1 = 12 + RA0 / 15
x2 = -12 + RA0 / 15
ax1.set_xlim(left=x1, right=x2)
ax1.set_ylim(bottom=-90, top=90)
ax1.set_xticks(numpy.arange(-12 + int(RA0 / 15), 15 + int(RA0 / 15), 3))
ll = []
for x in numpy.arange(-12 + int(RA0 / 15), 15 + int(RA0 / 15), 3):
if (0 <= x < 24):
ll.append('%d' % x)
elif (x >= 24):
ll.append('%d' % (x - 24))
else:
ll.append('%d' % (x + 24))
ax1.set_xticklabels(ll)
ax1.set_yticks(numpy.arange(-90, 105, 15))
ax1.set_xlabel('Right Ascension (hours)')
ax1.set_ylabel('Declination (degrees)')
# plot the Sun
ax1.plot(RAsun / 15.0, Decsun, 'yo', markersize=10)
RAsuns, Decsuns = list(zip(*sorted(zip(RAsuns, Decsuns))))
if (sunline):
ax1.plot(numpy.array(RAsuns) / 15.0, numpy.array(Decsuns), 'y-')
if moon:
RAmoon, Decmoon, Azmoon, Altmoon = moonposition(s_obstime)
if (RAmoon > 180 + RA0):
RAmoon -= 360
if (RAmoon < -180 + RA0):
RAmoon += 360
ax1.plot(RAmoon / 15.0, Decmoon, 'ko', markersize=10)
print(RAmoon, Decmoon)
if jupiter:
RAjupiter, Decjupiter, Azjupiter, Altjupiter = jupiterposition(
s_obstime)
if (RAjupiter > 180 + RA0):
RAjupiter -= 360
if (RAjupiter < -180 + RA0):
RAjupiter += 360
ax1.plot(RAjupiter / 15.0, Decjupiter, 'bo', markersize=8)
print(RAjupiter, Decjupiter)
if len(ra_sat) > 0:
coords = SkyCoord(ra=ra_sat,
dec=dec_sat,
equinox='J2000',
unit=(astropy.units.deg, astropy.units.deg))
coords.location = config.MWAPOS
coords.obstime = a_obstime
coords_prec = coords.transform_to('altaz')
Azsat, Altsat = coords_prec.az.deg, coords_prec.alt.deg
rsat = return_beam(Altsat, Azsat, delays, frequency)
ax1.plot(numpy.array(ra_sat) / 15.0, numpy.array(dec_sat), 'c-')
ax1.scatter(
numpy.array(ra_sat) / 15.0,
numpy.array(dec_sat),
# c=numpy.arange(len(ra_sat))/(1.0*len(ra_sat)),
# cmap=pylab.cm.hsv,
c=1 - rsat,
cmap=pylab.cm.get_cmap('Blues'),
alpha=0.5,
edgecolors='none')
ax1.text(ra_sat[0] / 15.0,
dec_sat[0],
time_sat[0].strftime('%H:%M:%S'),
fontsize=8,
horizontalalignment='left',
color='c')
ax1.text(ra_sat[-1] / 15.0,
dec_sat[-1],
time_sat[-1].strftime('%H:%M:%S'),
fontsize=8,
horizontalalignment='left',
color='c')
# add text for sources
for source in sources:
r = Angle(sources[source][1], unit=astropy.units.hour).hour
d = Angle(sources[source][2], unit=astropy.units.deg).deg
horizontalalignment = 'left'
x = r - 0.2
if (len(sources[source]) >= 6 and sources[source][5] == 'c'):
horizontalalignment = 'center'
x = r
if (len(sources[source]) >= 6 and sources[source][5] == 'r'):
horizontalalignment = 'right'
x = r + 0.1
if (x > 12 + RA0 / 15):
x -= 24
if (x < -12 + RA0 / 15):
x += 24
fontsize = defaultsize
if (len(sources[source]) >= 5):
fontsize = sources[source][4]
color = defaultcolor
if (len(sources[source]) >= 4):
color = sources[source][3]
ax1.text(x,
d,
sources[source][0],
horizontalalignment=horizontalalignment,
fontsize=fontsize,
color=color,
verticalalignment='center')
if (isinstance(frequency, int) or isinstance(frequency, float)):
textlabel = '%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d %.2f MHz' % (
yr, mn, dy, hour, minute, second, frequency)
else:
fstring = "[" + ','.join(["%.2f" % f for f in frequency]) + "]"
textlabel = '%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d %s MHz' % (
yr, mn, dy, hour, minute, second, fstring)
icolor = 0
for i in range(len(frequency)):
color = contourcolors[icolor]
ax1.text(x1 - 1,
70 - 10 * i,
'%.2f MHz' % frequency[i],
fontsize=12,
color=color,
horizontalalignment='left')
icolor += 1
if (icolor >= len(contourcolors)):
icolor = 0
if title is not None:
title = title.replace('_', r'\_')
textlabel = title + ' ' + textlabel
if (plothourangle):
ax2 = ax1.twiny()
p = ax2.plot(HAsuns / 15, Decsuns, 'y-')
p[0].set_visible(False)
ax1.set_ylim(bottom=-90, top=90)
ax2.set_ylim(bottom=-90, top=90)
ax1.set_yticks(numpy.arange(-90, 105, 15))
# x1b=x1-LST_hours
# x2b=x2-LST_hours
x1b = -x1 + LST_hours
# x2b = -x2 + LST_hours
while (x1b < 0):
x1b += 24
while (x1b > 24):
x1b -= 24
x2b = x1b - 24
ax2.set_xlim(left=x2b, right=x1b)
ax2.set_xlabel('Hour Angle (hours)')
ax1.text(x1 - 1,
80,
textlabel,
fontsize=14,
horizontalalignment='left')
if len(satellite_label) > 0:
ax1.text(x1 - 1,
70,
satellite_label,
fontsize=14,
horizontalalignment='left',
color='c')
else:
ax1.set_title(textlabel)
# print ax1.get_xlim()
# try:
# print ax2.get_xlim()
# except:
# pass
if (isinstance(frequency, int) or isinstance(frequency, float)):
filename = '%s_%.2fMHz.%s' % (datetimestring, frequency, extension)
else:
filename = '%s_%.2fMHz.%s' % (datetimestring, frequency[0], extension)
if directory is not None:
filename = directory + '/' + filename
try:
pylab.savefig(filename)
except RuntimeError as err:
logger.error('Error saving figure: %s\n' % err)
return None
return filename
def get_best_gridpoints(gps_start,
obs_source_ra_deg,
obs_source_dec_deg,
avoid_source_ra_deg,
avoid_source_dec_deg,
model="analytic",
min_gain=None,
max_beam_distance_deg=360,
channel=145,
verb_level=1,
logger=LOGGER,
duration=3600,
step=120,
min_elevation=30.00):
su.init_data()
frequency = channel * 1.28
if model not in ['analytic', 'advanced', 'full_EE', 'full_EE_AAVS05']:
logger.error("Model %s not found\n" % model)
gp_numbers = list(mwa_sweet_spots.all_grid_points.keys())
gp_numbers.sort()
gp_azes = numpy.array([mwa_sweet_spots.all_grid_points[i][1] for i in gp_numbers])
gp_alts = numpy.array([mwa_sweet_spots.all_grid_points[i][2] for i in gp_numbers])
gp_delays = [mwa_sweet_spots.all_grid_points[i][4] for i in gp_numbers]
obs_source = si.Star(ra=si.Angle(degrees=obs_source_ra_deg),
dec=si.Angle(degrees=obs_source_dec_deg))
avoid_source = si.Star(ra=si.Angle(degrees=avoid_source_ra_deg),
dec=si.Angle(degrees=avoid_source_dec_deg))
freq = frequency * 1e6
tracklist = [] # List of (starttime, duration, az, el) tuples
for starttime in range(int(gps_start), int(gps_start + duration), int(step)):
t = su.time2tai(starttime)
observer = su.S_MWAPOS.at(t)
obs_source_apparent = observer.observe(obs_source).apparent()
obs_source_alt, obs_source_az, _ = obs_source_apparent.altaz()
if obs_source_alt.degrees < min_elevation:
logger.debug("Source at %.2f [deg] below minimum elevation = %.2f [deg] at this time, skip this timestep." % (obs_source_alt.degrees,
min_elevation))
continue # Source below pointing horizon at this time, skip this timestep.
if min_gain is None:
current_min_gain = 0.5
if obs_source_alt.degrees < 50:
current_min_gain = 0.1
else:
current_min_gain = min_gain
avoid_source_apparent = observer.observe(avoid_source).apparent()
avoid_source_alt, avoid_source_az, _ = avoid_source_apparent.altaz()
if avoid_source_alt.degrees < 0.0:
tracklist.append((starttime, step, obs_source_az.degrees, obs_source_alt.degrees))
logger.debug("Avoided source below TRUE horizon, just use actual target az/alt for this timestep.")
continue # Avoided source below TRUE horizon, just use actual target az/alt for this timestep.
dist_deg = obs_source_apparent.separation_from(avoid_source_apparent).degrees
logger.debug("Observed source at (az,alt) = (%.4f,%.4f) [deg]" % (obs_source_az.degrees, obs_source_alt.degrees))
logger.debug("Avoided source at (az,alt) = (%.4f,%.4f) [deg]" % (avoid_source_az.degrees, avoid_source_alt.degrees))
logger.debug("Anglular distance = %.2f [deg]" % (dist_deg))
logger.debug("Gps time = %d" % su.tai2gps(t))
gp_positions = observer.from_altaz(alt_degrees=gp_alts,
az_degrees=gp_azes,
distance=si.Distance(au=9e90))
dist_obs_degs = obs_source_apparent.separation_from(gp_positions).degrees
dist_avoid_degs = avoid_source_apparent.separation_from(gp_positions).degrees
# select gridpoints within given angular distance :
best_gridpoint = None
r_max = -1000
best_gain_obs = 0
best_gain_avoid = 0
skipped_too_far = 0
skipped_gain_too_low = 0
for i in range(len(gp_numbers)):
gpnum = gp_numbers[i]
dist_obs = dist_obs_degs[i]
dist_avoid = dist_avoid_degs[i]
if verb_level > 1:
outstring = "\n\t\ttesting gridpoint %d, dist_obs_deg = %.2f [deg], dist_avoid_deg = %.2f [deg]"
logger.debug(outstring % (gpnum, dist_obs, dist_avoid))
# if dist_obs_deg < options.max_beam_distance_deg and dist_avoid_deg < options.max_beam_distance_deg :
if dist_obs < max_beam_distance_deg:
beam_obs = primarybeammap_tant.get_beam_power(gp_delays[i],
freq,
model=model,
pointing_az_deg=obs_source_az.degrees,
pointing_za_deg=90 - obs_source_alt.degrees,
zenithnorm=True)
beam_avoid = primarybeammap_tant.get_beam_power(gp_delays[i],
freq,
model=model,
pointing_az_deg=avoid_source_az.degrees,
pointing_za_deg=90 - avoid_source_alt.degrees,
zenithnorm=True)
gain_XX_obs = beam_obs['XX']
gain_XX_avoid = beam_avoid['XX']
r = gain_XX_obs / gain_XX_avoid
if r > 1.00 and gain_XX_obs > current_min_gain:
outstring = "\t\tSelected gridpoint = %d at (az,elev) = (%.4f,%.4f) [deg] at (distances %.4f and %.4f deg) "
outstring += "-> gain_obs=%.4f and gain_avoid=%.4f -> gain_obs/gain_avoid = %.4f"
logger.debug(outstring % (gpnum, gp_azes[i], gp_alts[i], dist_obs, dist_avoid, gain_XX_obs, gain_XX_avoid, r))
if r > r_max:
best_gridpoint = i
r_max = r
best_gain_obs = gain_XX_obs
best_gain_avoid = gain_XX_avoid
else:
skipped_gain_too_low = skipped_gain_too_low + 1
if verb_level > 1:
outstring = "\t\tSKIPPED gridpoint = %d at (az,elev) = (%.4f,%.4f) [deg] at (distances %.4f and %.4f deg) "
outstring += "-> gain_obs=%.4f (vs. min_gain=%.2f) and gain_avoid=%.4f -> gain_obs/gain_avoid = %.4f"
logger.debug(outstring % (gpnum,
gp_azes[i],
gp_alts[i],
dist_obs,
dist_avoid,
gain_XX_obs,
current_min_gain,
gain_XX_avoid, r))
else:
skipped_too_far = skipped_too_far + 1
if verb_level > 1:
outstring = "\t\t\tskipped as dist_obs_deg = %.2f [deg] and dist_avoid_deg = %.2f [deg] , one > "
outstring += "max_beam_distance_deg = %.2f [deg]"
logger.debug(outstring % (dist_obs, dist_avoid, max_beam_distance_deg))
logger.debug("Number of gridpoints skipped due to gain lower than minimum (=%.2f) = %d" % (current_min_gain,
skipped_gain_too_low))
outstring = "Number of gridpoints skipped due to being further than limit ( max_beam_distance_deg = %.2f [deg] ) = %d"
logger.debug(outstring % (max_beam_distance_deg, skipped_too_far))
if best_gridpoint is not None:
outstring = "Best gridpoint %d at (az,alt)=(%.4f,%.4f) [deg] at %s UTC to observe has ratio = %.2f = %.8f / %.8f\n"
logger.info(outstring % (gp_numbers[best_gridpoint],
gp_azes[best_gridpoint],
gp_alts[best_gridpoint],
t.utc_iso(), r_max,
best_gain_obs,
best_gain_avoid))
tracklist.append((starttime, step, gp_azes[best_gridpoint], gp_alts[best_gridpoint]))
return tracklist
outfile.write(command % {'creator': creator,
'otime': start_time.gps,
'channel': options.channel,
'inttime': inttime_str,
'freqres': options.freqres,
'project': options.project})
outfile.write("\n")
for entry in tracklist:
otime, step, az, alt = entry
t = su.time2tai(otime)
observer = su.S_MWAPOS.at(t)
pos = observer.from_altaz(alt_degrees=alt,
az_degrees=az,
distance=si.Distance(au=9e90))
ra_a, dec_a, _ = pos.radec()
if options.radec:
command = "single_observation.py --creator=%(creator)s --starttime=%(otime)s --stoptime=++%(step)s --freq=%(channel)d,24 "
command += "--obsname=%(obj)s_%(channel)d --inttime=%(inttime)s --freqres=%(freqres)d --useazel --usegrid= "
command += "--ra=%(ra).4f --dec=%(dec).4f --project=%(project)s\n"
else:
command = "single_observation.py --creator=%(creator)s --starttime=%(otime)s --stoptime=++%(step)s --freq=%(channel)d,24 "
command += "--obsname=%(obj)s_%(channel)d --inttime=%(inttime)s --freqres=%(freqres)d --useazel --usegrid= "
command += "--azimuth=%(az).4f --elevation=%(alt).4f --project=%(project)s\n"
outfile.write(command % {'creator': creator,
'otime': otime,
'step': step,
'channel': options.channel,