def draw_j(t, n):
beam(t, n, 2)
arc(t, n/2, 90)
fd(t, 3*n/2)
skip(t, -2*n)
rt(t)
skip(t, n/2)
def draw_s(t, n):
fd(t, n/2)
arc(t, n/2, 180)
arc(t, n/2, -180)
fdlt(t, n/2, -90)
skip(t, 2*n)
lt(t)
def move(t, length):
"""Move Turtle (t) forward (length) units without leaving a trail.
Leaves the pen down.
"""
pu(t)
fd(t, length)
pd(t)
def square(t, length):
"""Draws a square with sides of the given length.
Returns the Turtle to the starting position and location.
"""
for i in range(4):
fd(t, length)
lt(t)
def polyline(t, n, length, angle):
"""Draws n line segments.
t: Turtle object
n: number of line segments
length: length of each segment
angle: degrees between segments
"""
for i in range(n):
fd(t, length)
lt(t, angle)
def draw_pie(t, n, r):
"""Draws a pie, then moves into position to the right.
t: Turtle
n: number of segments
r: length of the radial spokes
"""
polypie(t, n, r)
pu(t)
fd(t, r*2 + 10)
pd(t)
def draw_spiral(t, n, length=3, a=0.1, b=0.0002):
"""Draws an Archimedian spiral starting at the origin.
Args:
n: how many line segments to draw
length: how long each segment is
a: how loose the initial spiral starts out (larger is looser)
b: how loosly coiled the spiral is (larger is looser)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral
"""
theta = 0.0
for i in range(n):
fd(t, length)
dtheta = 1 / (a + b * theta)
lt(t, dtheta)
theta += dtheta
def pie(t, sides, radius):
angle1 = 360.0 / sides
angle2 = (180.0 - angle1) / 2
print angle1
print angle2
rt(t, angle1 / 2)
for _ in range(sides):
fd(t, radius)
lt(t, 180 - angle2)
fd(t, 2 * radius * sin(pi / 180 * angle1 / 2))
lt(t, 180 - angle2)
fd(t, radius)
rt(t, 180)
def isosceles(t, r, angle):
"""Draws an icosceles triangle.
The turtle starts and ends at the peak, facing the middle of the base.
t: Turtle
r: length of the equal legs
angle: peak angle in degrees
"""
y = r * math.sin(angle * math.pi / 180)
rt(t, angle)
fd(t, r)
lt(t, 90+angle)
fd(t, 2*y)
lt(t, 90+angle)
fd(t, r)
lt(t, 180-angle)
def polyline(t, n, length, angle):
for i in range(n):
fd(t, length)
lt(t, angle)
def fdlt(t, n, angle=90):
"""forward and left"""
fd(t, n)
lt(t, angle)
def draw_g(t, n):
hangman(t, n, 2)
fd(t, n/2)
beam(t, n/2, 2)
fd(t, n/2)
post(t, n)
def draw_i(t, n):
beam(t, n, 2)
fd(t, n/2)
post(t, 2*n)
fd(t, n/2)
def circle(t, r):
"""Draws a circle with the given radius.
t: Turtle
r: radius
"""
arc(t, r, 360)
# the following condition checks whether we are
# running as a script, in which case run the test code,
# or being imported, in which case don't.
if __name__ == '__main__':
world = TurtleWorld()
bob = Turtle()
bob.delay = 0.001
# draw a circle centered on the origin
radius = 100
pu(bob)
fd(bob, radius)
lt(bob)
pd(bob)
circle(bob, radius)
die(bob)
wait_for_user()
def draw_l(t, n):
post(t, 2*n)
fd(t, n)
def draw_polygon(turtle_name, length, num_sides):
degree = 360 / num_sides
for i in range(num_sides):
fd(turtle_name, length)
lt(turtle_name, degree)
def draw_square(turtle_name, length):
for i in range(4):
fd(turtle_name, length)
lt(turtle_name)
def draw_e(t, n):
draw_ef(t, n)
fd(t, n)
def draw_z(t, n):
beam(t, n, 2)
diagonal(t, n, 2*n)
fd(t, n)
def skip(t, n):
"""lift the pen and move"""
pu(t)
fd(t, n)
pd(t)
def draw_u(t, n):
post(t, 2*n)
fd(t, n)
post(t, 2*n)
def square(t,steps):
for i in range(4):
fd(t, steps)
lt(t)
def draw_square(turtle_name, length):
for i in range(4):
fd(turtle_name, length)
lt(turtle_name)
def stump(t, n, angle=90):
"""make a vertical line and leave the turtle at the top, facing right"""
lt(t)
fd(t, n)
rt(t, angle)
def fdbk(t, n):
"""forward and back, ending at the original position"""
fd(t, n)
bk(t, n)
def draw_polygon(turtle_name, length, num_sides):
degree = 360 / num_sides
for i in range(num_sides):
fd(turtle_name, length)
lt(turtle_name, degree)
def draw_c(t, n):
hangman(t, n, 2)
fd(t, n)
