def test_ei():
pos = Symbol('p', positive=True)
neg = Symbol('n', negative=True)
assert Ei(-pos) == Ei(polar_lift(-1)*pos) - I*pi
assert Ei(neg) == Ei(polar_lift(neg)) - I*pi
assert tn_branch(Ei)
assert mytd(Ei(x), exp(x)/x, x)
assert mytn(Ei(x), Ei(x).rewrite(uppergamma),
-uppergamma(0, x*polar_lift(-1)) - I*pi, x)
assert mytn(Ei(x), Ei(x).rewrite(expint),
-expint(1, x*polar_lift(-1)) - I*pi, x)
assert Ei(x).rewrite(expint).rewrite(Ei) == Ei(x)
assert Ei(x*exp_polar(2*I*pi)) == Ei(x) + 2*I*pi
assert Ei(x*exp_polar(-2*I*pi)) == Ei(x) - 2*I*pi
assert mytn(Ei(x), Ei(x).rewrite(Shi), Chi(x) + Shi(x), x)
assert mytn(Ei(x*polar_lift(I)), Ei(x*polar_lift(I)).rewrite(Si),
Ci(x) + I*Si(x) + I*pi/2, x)
assert Ei(log(x)).rewrite(li) == li(x)
assert Ei(2*log(x)).rewrite(li) == li(x**2)
assert gruntz(Ei(x+exp(-x))*exp(-x)*x, x, oo) == 1
assert Ei(x).series(x) == EulerGamma + log(x) + x + x**2/4 + \
x**3/18 + x**4/96 + x**5/600 + O(x**6)
def test_ei():
assert Ei(0) == S.NegativeInfinity
assert Ei(oo) == S.Infinity
assert Ei(-oo) == S.Zero
assert tn_branch(Ei)
assert mytd(Ei(x), exp(x) / x, x)
assert mytn(Ei(x),
Ei(x).rewrite(uppergamma),
-uppergamma(0, x * polar_lift(-1)) - I * pi, x)
assert mytn(Ei(x),
Ei(x).rewrite(expint), -expint(1, x * polar_lift(-1)) - I * pi,
x)
assert Ei(x).rewrite(expint).rewrite(Ei) == Ei(x)
assert Ei(x * exp_polar(2 * I * pi)) == Ei(x) + 2 * I * pi
assert Ei(x * exp_polar(-2 * I * pi)) == Ei(x) - 2 * I * pi
assert mytn(Ei(x), Ei(x).rewrite(Shi), Chi(x) + Shi(x), x)
assert mytn(Ei(x * polar_lift(I)),
Ei(x * polar_lift(I)).rewrite(Si),
Ci(x) + I * Si(x) + I * pi / 2, x)
assert Ei(log(x)).rewrite(li) == li(x)
assert Ei(2 * log(x)).rewrite(li) == li(x**2)
assert gruntz(Ei(x + exp(-x)) * exp(-x) * x, x, oo) == 1
assert Ei(x).series(x) == EulerGamma + log(x) + x + x**2/4 + \
x**3/18 + x**4/96 + x**5/600 + O(x**6)
assert Ei(x).series(x, 1, 3) == Ei(1) + E * (x - 1) + O((x - 1)**3, (x, 1))
assert str(Ei(cos(2)).evalf(n=10)) == '-0.6760647401'
raises(ArgumentIndexError, lambda: Ei(x).fdiff(2))
def test_ei():
assert tn_branch(Ei)
assert mytd(Ei(x), exp(x) / x, x)
assert mytn(Ei(x),
Ei(x).rewrite(uppergamma),
-uppergamma(0, x * polar_lift(-1)) - I * pi, x)
assert mytn(Ei(x),
Ei(x).rewrite(expint), -expint(1, x * polar_lift(-1)) - I * pi,
x)
assert Ei(x).rewrite(expint).rewrite(Ei) == Ei(x)
assert Ei(x * exp_polar(2 * I * pi)) == Ei(x) + 2 * I * pi
assert Ei(x * exp_polar(-2 * I * pi)) == Ei(x) - 2 * I * pi
assert mytn(Ei(x), Ei(x).rewrite(Shi), Chi(x) + Shi(x), x)
assert mytn(Ei(x * polar_lift(I)),
Ei(x * polar_lift(I)).rewrite(Si),
Ci(x) + I * Si(x) + I * pi / 2, x)
assert Ei(log(x)).rewrite(li) == li(x)
assert Ei(2 * log(x)).rewrite(li) == li(x**2)
assert gruntz(Ei(x + exp(-x)) * exp(-x) * x, x, oo) == 1
assert Ei(x).series(x) == EulerGamma + log(x) + x + x**2/4 + \
x**3/18 + x**4/96 + x**5/600 + O(x**6)
assert str(Ei(cos(2)).evalf(n=10)) == '-0.6760647401'
def test_Li():
assert Li(2) == 0
assert Li(oo) == oo
assert isinstance(Li(z), Li)
assert diff(Li(z), z) == 1/log(z)
assert gruntz(1/Li(z), z, oo) == 0
assert Li(z).rewrite(li) == li(z) - li(2)
def test_Li():
assert Li(2) == 0
assert Li(oo) == oo
assert isinstance(Li(z), Li)
assert diff(Li(z), z) == 1 / log(z)
assert gruntz(1 / Li(z), z, oo) == 0
assert Li(z).rewrite(li) == li(z) - li(2)
raises(ArgumentIndexError, lambda: Li(z).fdiff(2))
def multiply_epsilon(self):
"""Looks for epsilon in the denominator of the equation. If found,
multiplies that equation by epsilon to remove instabilities.
"""
for i, eq in enumerate(self.dae.model_eqs['res'].eqs.sym_list):
if eq['eq'].has(Symbol("epsilon")):
g_limit = gruntz(eq['eq'], Symbol("epsilon"), 0)
if len(
set([
sympy.numbers.Infinity(),
sympy.numbers.NegativeInfinity()
]) & g_limit.atoms()) != 0:
self.dae.model_eqs['res'].eqs.multiply_epsilon(i)
for i, eq in enumerate(self.dae.model_eqs['icd'].eqs.sym_list):
g_limit = gruntz(eq['eq'], Symbol("epsilon"), 0)
if len(
set([
sympy.numbers.Infinity(),
sympy.numbers.NegativeInfinity()
]) & g_limit.atoms()) != 0:
self.dae.model_eqs['icd'].eqs.multiply_epsilon(i)
def test_Li():
assert Li(2) == 0
assert Li(oo) is oo
assert isinstance(Li(z), Li)
assert diff(Li(z), z) == 1 / log(z)
assert gruntz(1 / Li(z), z, oo) == 0
assert Li(z).rewrite(li) == li(z) - li(2)
assert Li(z).series(z) == \
log(z)**5/600 + log(z)**4/96 + log(z)**3/18 + log(z)**2/4 + log(z) + log(log(z)) - li(2) + EulerGamma
raises(ArgumentIndexError, lambda: Li(z).fdiff(2))
def eval_epsilon(self, eq):
"""Evaluates the limit as epsilon goes to zero in the given equation.
Parameters
----------
eq : ``str``
The equation to be evaluated.
Returns
-------
``dict``
The dictionary containing the equation evaluated as epsilon goes to zero.
"""
eps = gruntz(simplify(sympify(eq)), Symbol("epsilon"), 0)
to_send = {'type': "epsilon", 'eq': str(eps), 'latex': latex(eps)}
return json.dumps(to_send)
def test_li():
z = Symbol("z")
zr = Symbol("z", real=True)
zp = Symbol("z", positive=True)
zn = Symbol("z", negative=True)
assert li(0) == 0
assert li(1) is -oo
assert li(oo) is oo
assert isinstance(li(z), li)
assert unchanged(li, -zp)
assert unchanged(li, zn)
assert diff(li(z), z) == 1 / log(z)
assert conjugate(li(z)) == li(conjugate(z))
assert conjugate(li(-zr)) == li(-zr)
assert unchanged(conjugate, li(-zp))
assert unchanged(conjugate, li(zn))
assert li(z).rewrite(Li) == Li(z) + li(2)
assert li(z).rewrite(Ei) == Ei(log(z))
assert li(z).rewrite(uppergamma) == (-log(1 / log(z)) / 2 - log(-log(z)) +
log(log(z)) / 2 - expint(1, -log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Si) == (-log(I * log(z)) - log(1 / log(z)) / 2 +
log(log(z)) / 2 + Ci(I * log(z)) +
Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Ci) == (-log(I * log(z)) - log(1 / log(z)) / 2 +
log(log(z)) / 2 + Ci(I * log(z)) +
Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Shi) == (-log(1 / log(z)) / 2 + log(log(z)) / 2 +
Chi(log(z)) - Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Chi) == (-log(1 / log(z)) / 2 + log(log(z)) / 2 +
Chi(log(z)) - Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(hyper) == (log(z) * hyper(
(1, 1),
(2, 2), log(z)) - log(1 / log(z)) / 2 + log(log(z)) / 2 + EulerGamma)
assert li(z).rewrite(meijerg) == (-log(1 / log(z)) / 2 - log(-log(z)) +
log(log(z)) / 2 - meijerg(
((), (1, )), ((0, 0), ()), -log(z)))
assert gruntz(1 / li(z), z, oo) == 0
assert li(z).series(z) == log(z)**5/600 + log(z)**4/96 + log(z)**3/18 + log(z)**2/4 + \
log(z) + log(log(z)) + EulerGamma
raises(ArgumentIndexError, lambda: li(z).fdiff(2))
def test_li():
z = Symbol("z")
zr = Symbol("z", real=True)
zp = Symbol("z", positive=True)
zn = Symbol("z", negative=True)
assert li(0) == 0
assert li(1) == -oo
assert li(oo) == oo
assert isinstance(li(z), li)
assert diff(li(z), z) == 1 / log(z)
assert conjugate(li(z)) == li(conjugate(z))
assert conjugate(li(-zr)) == li(-zr)
assert conjugate(li(-zp)) == conjugate(li(-zp))
assert conjugate(li(zn)) == conjugate(li(zn))
assert li(z).rewrite(Li) == Li(z) + li(2)
assert li(z).rewrite(Ei) == Ei(log(z))
assert li(z).rewrite(uppergamma) == (-log(1 / log(z)) / 2 - log(-log(z)) +
log(log(z)) / 2 - expint(1, -log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Si) == (-log(I * log(z)) - log(1 / log(z)) / 2 +
log(log(z)) / 2 + Ci(I * log(z)) +
Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Ci) == (-log(I * log(z)) - log(1 / log(z)) / 2 +
log(log(z)) / 2 + Ci(I * log(z)) +
Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Shi) == (-log(1 / log(z)) / 2 + log(log(z)) / 2 +
Chi(log(z)) - Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Chi) == (-log(1 / log(z)) / 2 + log(log(z)) / 2 +
Chi(log(z)) - Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(hyper) == (log(z) * hyper(
(1, 1),
(2, 2), log(z)) - log(1 / log(z)) / 2 + log(log(z)) / 2 + EulerGamma)
assert li(z).rewrite(meijerg) == (-log(1 / log(z)) / 2 - log(-log(z)) +
log(log(z)) / 2 - meijerg(
((), (1, )), ((0, 0), ()), -log(z)))
assert gruntz(1 / li(z), z, oo) == 0
def test_li():
z = Symbol("z")
zr = Symbol("z", real=True)
zp = Symbol("z", positive=True)
zn = Symbol("z", negative=True)
assert li(0) == 0
assert li(1) == -oo
assert li(oo) == oo
assert isinstance(li(z), li)
assert diff(li(z), z) == 1/log(z)
assert conjugate(li(z)) == li(conjugate(z))
assert conjugate(li(-zr)) == li(-zr)
assert conjugate(li(-zp)) == conjugate(li(-zp))
assert conjugate(li(zn)) == conjugate(li(zn))
assert li(z).rewrite(Li) == Li(z) + li(2)
assert li(z).rewrite(Ei) == Ei(log(z))
assert li(z).rewrite(uppergamma) == (-log(1/log(z))/2 - log(-log(z)) +
log(log(z))/2 - expint(1, -log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Si) == (-log(I*log(z)) - log(1/log(z))/2 +
log(log(z))/2 + Ci(I*log(z)) + Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Ci) == (-log(I*log(z)) - log(1/log(z))/2 +
log(log(z))/2 + Ci(I*log(z)) + Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Shi) == (-log(1/log(z))/2 + log(log(z))/2 +
Chi(log(z)) - Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(Chi) == (-log(1/log(z))/2 + log(log(z))/2 +
Chi(log(z)) - Shi(log(z)))
assert li(z).rewrite(hyper) ==(log(z)*hyper((1, 1), (2, 2), log(z)) -
log(1/log(z))/2 + log(log(z))/2 + EulerGamma)
assert li(z).rewrite(meijerg) == (-log(1/log(z))/2 - log(-log(z)) + log(log(z))/2 -
meijerg(((), (1,)), ((0, 0), ()), -log(z)))
assert gruntz(1/li(z), z, oo) == 0
def test_ei():
assert tn_branch(Ei)
assert mytd(Ei(x), exp(x)/x, x)
assert mytn(Ei(x), Ei(x).rewrite(uppergamma),
-uppergamma(0, x*polar_lift(-1)) - I*pi, x)
assert mytn(Ei(x), Ei(x).rewrite(expint),
-expint(1, x*polar_lift(-1)) - I*pi, x)
assert Ei(x).rewrite(expint).rewrite(Ei) == Ei(x)
assert Ei(x*exp_polar(2*I*pi)) == Ei(x) + 2*I*pi
assert Ei(x*exp_polar(-2*I*pi)) == Ei(x) - 2*I*pi
assert mytn(Ei(x), Ei(x).rewrite(Shi), Chi(x) + Shi(x), x)
assert mytn(Ei(x*polar_lift(I)), Ei(x*polar_lift(I)).rewrite(Si),
Ci(x) + I*Si(x) + I*pi/2, x)
assert Ei(log(x)).rewrite(li) == li(x)
assert Ei(2*log(x)).rewrite(li) == li(x**2)
assert gruntz(Ei(x+exp(-x))*exp(-x)*x, x, oo) == 1
assert Ei(x).series(x) == EulerGamma + log(x) + x + x**2/4 + \
x**3/18 + x**4/96 + x**5/600 + O(x**6)
assert str(Ei(cos(2)).evalf(n=10)) == '-0.6760647401'
def eval_epsilon(self):
"""Take the limit as the parameter epsilon goes to zero.
"""
if self.symbol:
self.symbol = gruntz(sympify(self.symbol).simplify(), Symbol("epsilon"), 0)
self.eq = gruntz(sympify(self.eq).simplify(), Symbol("epsilon"), 0)
