def test_interpreter_requires_environment_details(self, mock_check_call):
script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment()
self.assertFalse(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertFalse(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertEqual(1, mock_check_call.call_count)
check_call_command = mock_check_call.call_args[0][0]
self.assertEqual(sys.executable, check_call_command[0])
self.assertIn('-E', check_call_command)
def test_interpreter_requires_environment_details(self, mock_check_call):
script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment()
self.assertFalse(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertFalse(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertEqual(1, mock_check_call.call_count)
check_call_command = mock_check_call.call_args[0][0]
self.assertEqual(sys.executable, check_call_command[0])
self.assertIn('-E', check_call_command)
class CmdLineTest(unittest.TestCase):
def test_directories(self):
assert_python_failure('.')
assert_python_failure('< .')
def verify_valid_flag(self, cmd_line):
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok(*cmd_line)
self.assertTrue(out == b'' or out.endswith(b'\n'))
self.assertNotIn(b'Traceback', out)
self.assertNotIn(b'Traceback', err)
def test_optimize(self):
self.verify_valid_flag('-O')
self.verify_valid_flag('-OO')
def test_site_flag(self):
self.verify_valid_flag('-S')
def test_usage(self):
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-h')
self.assertIn(b'usage', out)
def test_version(self):
version = ('Python %d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2]).encode("ascii")
for switch in '-V', '--version':
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok(switch)
self.assertFalse(err.startswith(version))
self.assertTrue(out.startswith(version))
def test_verbose(self):
# -v causes imports to write to stderr. If the write to
# stderr itself causes an import to happen (for the output
# codec), a recursion loop can occur.
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-v')
self.assertNotIn(b'stack overflow', err)
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-vv')
self.assertNotIn(b'stack overflow', err)
def test_xoptions(self):
def get_xoptions(*args):
# use subprocess module directly because test.script_helper adds
# "-X faulthandler" to the command line
args = (sys.executable, '-E') + args
args += ('-c', 'import sys; print(sys._xoptions)')
out = subprocess.check_output(args)
opts = eval(out.splitlines()[0])
return opts
opts = get_xoptions()
self.assertEqual(opts, {})
opts = get_xoptions('-Xa', '-Xb=c,d=e')
self.assertEqual(opts, {'a': True, 'b': 'c,d=e'})
def test_showrefcount(self):
def run_python(*args):
# this is similar to assert_python_ok but doesn't strip
# the refcount from stderr. It can be replaced once
# assert_python_ok stops doing that.
cmd = [sys.executable]
cmd.extend(args)
PIPE = subprocess.PIPE
p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
out, err = p.communicate()
p.stdout.close()
p.stderr.close()
rc = p.returncode
self.assertEqual(rc, 0)
return rc, out, err
code = 'import sys; print(sys._xoptions)'
# normally the refcount is hidden
rc, out, err = run_python('-c', code)
self.assertEqual(out.rstrip(), b'{}')
self.assertEqual(err, b'')
# "-X showrefcount" shows the refcount, but only in debug builds
rc, out, err = run_python('-X', 'showrefcount', '-c', code)
self.assertEqual(out.rstrip(), b"{'showrefcount': True}")
if hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount'): # debug build
self.assertRegex(err, br'^\[\d+ refs, \d+ blocks\]')
else:
self.assertEqual(err, b'')
def test_run_module(self):
# Test expected operation of the '-m' switch
# Switch needs an argument
assert_python_failure('-m')
# Check we get an error for a nonexistent module
assert_python_failure('-m', 'fnord43520xyz')
# Check the runpy module also gives an error for
# a nonexistent module
assert_python_failure('-m', 'runpy', 'fnord43520xyz')
# All good if module is located and run successfully
assert_python_ok('-m', 'timeit', '-n', '1')
def test_run_module_bug1764407(self):
# -m and -i need to play well together
# Runs the timeit module and checks the __main__
# namespace has been populated appropriately
p = spawn_python('-i', '-m', 'timeit', '-n', '1')
p.stdin.write(b'Timer\n')
p.stdin.write(b'exit()\n')
data = kill_python(p)
self.assertTrue(data.find(b'1 loop') != -1)
self.assertTrue(data.find(b'__main__.Timer') != -1)
def test_run_code(self):
# Test expected operation of the '-c' switch
# Switch needs an argument
assert_python_failure('-c')
# Check we get an error for an uncaught exception
assert_python_failure('-c', 'raise Exception')
# All good if execution is successful
assert_python_ok('-c', 'pass')
@unittest.skipUnless(test.support.FS_NONASCII, 'need support.FS_NONASCII')
def test_non_ascii(self):
# Test handling of non-ascii data
command = ("assert(ord(%r) == %s)"
% (test.support.FS_NONASCII, ord(test.support.FS_NONASCII)))
assert_python_ok('-c', command)
# On Windows, pass bytes to subprocess doesn't test how Python decodes the
# command line, but how subprocess does decode bytes to unicode. Python
# doesn't decode the command line because Windows provides directly the
# arguments as unicode (using wmain() instead of main()).
@unittest.skipIf(sys.platform == 'win32',
'Windows has a native unicode API')
def test_undecodable_code(self):
undecodable = b"\xff"
env = os.environ.copy()
# Use C locale to get ascii for the locale encoding
env['LC_ALL'] = 'C'
code = (
b'import locale; '
b'print(ascii("' + undecodable + b'"), '
b'locale.getpreferredencoding())')
p = subprocess.Popen(
[sys.executable, "-c", code],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
env=env)
stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
if p.returncode == 1:
# _Py_char2wchar() decoded b'\xff' as '\udcff' (b'\xff' is not
# decodable from ASCII) and run_command() failed on
# PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(). This is the expected behaviour on
# Linux.
pattern = b"Unable to decode the command from the command line:"
elif p.returncode == 0:
# _Py_char2wchar() decoded b'\xff' as '\xff' even if the locale is
# C and the locale encoding is ASCII. It occurs on FreeBSD, Solaris
# and Mac OS X.
pattern = b"'\\xff' "
# The output is followed by the encoding name, an alias to ASCII.
# Examples: "US-ASCII" or "646" (ISO 646, on Solaris).
else:
raise AssertionError("Unknown exit code: %s, output=%a" % (p.returncode, stdout))
if not stdout.startswith(pattern):
raise AssertionError("%a doesn't start with %a" % (stdout, pattern))
@unittest.skipUnless(sys.platform == 'darwin', 'test specific to Mac OS X')
def test_osx_utf8(self):
def check_output(text):
decoded = text.decode('utf-8', 'surrogateescape')
expected = ascii(decoded).encode('ascii') + b'\n'
env = os.environ.copy()
# C locale gives ASCII locale encoding, but Python uses UTF-8
# to parse the command line arguments on Mac OS X
env['LC_ALL'] = 'C'
p = subprocess.Popen(
(sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; print(ascii(sys.argv[1]))", text),
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
env=env)
stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
self.assertEqual(stdout, expected)
self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 0)
# test valid utf-8
text = 'e:\xe9, euro:\u20ac, non-bmp:\U0010ffff'.encode('utf-8')
check_output(text)
# test invalid utf-8
text = (
b'\xff' # invalid byte
b'\xc3\xa9' # valid utf-8 character
b'\xc3\xff' # invalid byte sequence
b'\xed\xa0\x80' # lone surrogate character (invalid)
)
check_output(text)
def test_unbuffered_output(self):
# Test expected operation of the '-u' switch
for stream in ('stdout', 'stderr'):
# Binary is unbuffered
code = ("import os, sys; sys.%s.buffer.write(b'x'); os._exit(0)"
% stream)
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-u', '-c', code)
data = err if stream == 'stderr' else out
self.assertEqual(data, b'x', "binary %s not unbuffered" % stream)
# Text is line-buffered
code = ("import os, sys; sys.%s.write('x\\n'); os._exit(0)"
% stream)
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-u', '-c', code)
data = err if stream == 'stderr' else out
self.assertEqual(data.strip(), b'x',
"text %s not line-buffered" % stream)
def test_unbuffered_input(self):
# sys.stdin still works with '-u'
code = ("import sys; sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read(1))")
p = spawn_python('-u', '-c', code)
p.stdin.write(b'x')
p.stdin.flush()
data, rc = _kill_python_and_exit_code(p)
self.assertEqual(rc, 0)
self.assertTrue(data.startswith(b'x'), data)
def test_large_PYTHONPATH(self):
path1 = "ABCDE" * 100
path2 = "FGHIJ" * 100
path = path1 + os.pathsep + path2
code = """if 1:
import sys
path = ":".join(sys.path)
path = path.encode("ascii", "backslashreplace")
sys.stdout.buffer.write(path)"""
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-S', '-c', code,
PYTHONPATH=path)
self.assertIn(path1.encode('ascii'), out)
self.assertIn(path2.encode('ascii'), out)
def test_empty_PYTHONPATH_issue16309(self):
# On Posix, it is documented that setting PATH to the
# empty string is equivalent to not setting PATH at all,
# which is an exception to the rule that in a string like
# "/bin::/usr/bin" the empty string in the middle gets
# interpreted as '.'
code = """if 1:
import sys
path = ":".join(sys.path)
path = path.encode("ascii", "backslashreplace")
sys.stdout.buffer.write(path)"""
rc1, out1, err1 = assert_python_ok('-c', code, PYTHONPATH="")
rc2, out2, err2 = assert_python_ok('-c', code, __isolated=False)
# regarding to Posix specification, outputs should be equal
# for empty and unset PYTHONPATH
self.assertEqual(out1, out2)
def test_displayhook_unencodable(self):
for encoding in ('ascii', 'latin-1', 'utf-8'):
env = os.environ.copy()
env['PYTHONIOENCODING'] = encoding
p = subprocess.Popen(
[sys.executable, '-i'],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
env=env)
# non-ascii, surrogate, non-BMP printable, non-BMP unprintable
text = "a=\xe9 b=\uDC80 c=\U00010000 d=\U0010FFFF"
p.stdin.write(ascii(text).encode('ascii') + b"\n")
p.stdin.write(b'exit()\n')
data = kill_python(p)
escaped = repr(text).encode(encoding, 'backslashreplace')
self.assertIn(escaped, data)
def check_input(self, code, expected):
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile("wb+") as stdin:
sep = os.linesep.encode('ASCII')
stdin.write(sep.join((b'abc', b'def')))
stdin.flush()
stdin.seek(0)
with subprocess.Popen(
(sys.executable, "-c", code),
stdin=stdin, stdout=subprocess.PIPE) as proc:
stdout, stderr = proc.communicate()
self.assertEqual(stdout.rstrip(), expected)
def test_stdin_readline(self):
# Issue #11272: check that sys.stdin.readline() replaces '\r\n' by '\n'
# on Windows (sys.stdin is opened in binary mode)
self.check_input(
"import sys; print(repr(sys.stdin.readline()))",
b"'abc\\n'")
def test_builtin_input(self):
# Issue #11272: check that input() strips newlines ('\n' or '\r\n')
self.check_input(
"print(repr(input()))",
b"'abc'")
def test_output_newline(self):
# Issue 13119 Newline for print() should be \r\n on Windows.
code = """if 1:
import sys
print(1)
print(2)
print(3, file=sys.stderr)
print(4, file=sys.stderr)"""
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-c', code)
if sys.platform == 'win32':
self.assertEqual(b'1\r\n2\r\n', out)
self.assertEqual(b'3\r\n4', err)
else:
self.assertEqual(b'1\n2\n', out)
self.assertEqual(b'3\n4', err)
def test_unmached_quote(self):
# Issue #10206: python program starting with unmatched quote
# spewed spaces to stdout
rc, out, err = assert_python_failure('-c', "'")
self.assertRegex(err.decode('ascii', 'ignore'), 'SyntaxError')
self.assertEqual(b'', out)
def test_stdout_flush_at_shutdown(self):
# Issue #5319: if stdout.flush() fails at shutdown, an error should
# be printed out.
code = """if 1:
import os, sys
sys.stdout.write('x')
os.close(sys.stdout.fileno())"""
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-c', code)
self.assertEqual(b'', out)
self.assertRegex(err.decode('ascii', 'ignore'),
'Exception ignored in.*\nOSError: .*')
def test_closed_stdout(self):
# Issue #13444: if stdout has been explicitly closed, we should
# not attempt to flush it at shutdown.
code = "import sys; sys.stdout.close()"
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-c', code)
self.assertEqual(b'', err)
# Issue #7111: Python should work without standard streams
@unittest.skipIf(os.name != 'posix', "test needs POSIX semantics")
def _test_no_stdio(self, streams):
code = """if 1:
import os, sys
for i, s in enumerate({streams}):
if getattr(sys, s) is not None:
os._exit(i + 1)
os._exit(42)""".format(streams=streams)
def preexec():
if 'stdin' in streams:
os.close(0)
if 'stdout' in streams:
os.close(1)
if 'stderr' in streams:
os.close(2)
p = subprocess.Popen(
[sys.executable, "-E", "-c", code],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
preexec_fn=preexec)
out, err = p.communicate()
self.assertEqual(test.support.strip_python_stderr(err), b'')
self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 42)
def test_no_stdin(self):
self._test_no_stdio(['stdin'])
def test_no_stdout(self):
self._test_no_stdio(['stdout'])
def test_no_stderr(self):
self._test_no_stdio(['stderr'])
def test_no_std_streams(self):
self._test_no_stdio(['stdin', 'stdout', 'stderr'])
def test_hash_randomization(self):
# Verify that -R enables hash randomization:
self.verify_valid_flag('-R')
hashes = []
for i in range(2):
code = 'print(hash("spam"))'
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-c', code)
self.assertEqual(rc, 0)
hashes.append(out)
self.assertNotEqual(hashes[0], hashes[1])
# Verify that sys.flags contains hash_randomization
code = 'import sys; print("random is", sys.flags.hash_randomization)'
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-c', code)
self.assertEqual(rc, 0)
self.assertIn(b'random is 1', out)
def test_del___main__(self):
# Issue #15001: PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags() did crash because it kept a
# borrowed reference to the dict of __main__ module and later modify
# the dict whereas the module was destroyed
filename = test.support.TESTFN
self.addCleanup(test.support.unlink, filename)
with open(filename, "w") as script:
print("import sys", file=script)
print("del sys.modules['__main__']", file=script)
assert_python_ok(filename)
def test_unknown_options(self):
rc, out, err = assert_python_failure('-E', '-z')
self.assertIn(b'Unknown option: -z', err)
self.assertEqual(err.splitlines().count(b'Unknown option: -z'), 1)
self.assertEqual(b'', out)
# Add "without='-E'" to prevent _assert_python to append -E
# to env_vars and change the output of stderr
rc, out, err = assert_python_failure('-z', without='-E')
self.assertIn(b'Unknown option: -z', err)
self.assertEqual(err.splitlines().count(b'Unknown option: -z'), 1)
self.assertEqual(b'', out)
rc, out, err = assert_python_failure('-a', '-z', without='-E')
self.assertIn(b'Unknown option: -a', err)
# only the first unknown option is reported
self.assertNotIn(b'Unknown option: -z', err)
self.assertEqual(err.splitlines().count(b'Unknown option: -a'), 1)
self.assertEqual(b'', out)
@unittest.skipIf(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment(),
'Cannot run -I tests when PYTHON env vars are required.')
def test_isolatedmode(self):
self.verify_valid_flag('-I')
self.verify_valid_flag('-IEs')
rc, out, err = assert_python_ok('-I', '-c',
'from sys import flags as f; '
'print(f.no_user_site, f.ignore_environment, f.isolated)',
# dummyvar to prevent extranous -E
dummyvar="")
self.assertEqual(out.strip(), b'1 1 1')
with test.support.temp_cwd() as tmpdir:
fake = os.path.join(tmpdir, "uuid.py")
main = os.path.join(tmpdir, "main.py")
with open(fake, "w") as f:
f.write("raise RuntimeError('isolated mode test')\n")
with open(main, "w") as f:
f.write("import uuid\n")
f.write("print('ok')\n")
self.assertRaises(subprocess.CalledProcessError,
subprocess.check_output,
[sys.executable, main], cwd=tmpdir,
stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
out = subprocess.check_output([sys.executable, "-I", main],
cwd=tmpdir)
self.assertEqual(out.strip(), b"ok")
def test_interpreter_requires_environment_false(self, mock_check_call):
# The mocked subprocess.check_call fakes a no-error process.
script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment()
self.assertFalse(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertEqual(1, mock_check_call.call_count)
def test_interpreter_requires_environment_true(self, mock_check_call):
mock_check_call.side_effect = subprocess.CalledProcessError('', '')
self.assertTrue(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertTrue(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertEqual(1, mock_check_call.call_count)
def test_interpreter_requires_environment_false(self, mock_check_call):
# The mocked subprocess.check_call fakes a no-error process.
script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment()
self.assertFalse(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertEqual(1, mock_check_call.call_count)
def test_interpreter_requires_environment_true(self, mock_check_call):
mock_check_call.side_effect = subprocess.CalledProcessError('', '')
self.assertTrue(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertTrue(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment())
self.assertEqual(1, mock_check_call.call_count)
class TestCommandLine(unittest.TestCase):
def test_env_var_disabled_by_default(self):
# not tracing by default
code = 'import tracemalloc; print(tracemalloc.is_tracing())'
ok, stdout, stderr = assert_python_ok('-c', code)
stdout = stdout.rstrip()
self.assertEqual(stdout, b'False')
@unittest.skipIf(script_helper._interpreter_requires_environment(),
'Cannot run -E tests when PYTHON env vars are required.')
def test_env_var_ignored_with_E(self):
"""PYTHON* environment variables must be ignored when -E is present."""
code = 'import tracemalloc; print(tracemalloc.is_tracing())'
ok, stdout, stderr = assert_python_ok('-E',
'-c',
code,
PYTHONTRACEMALLOC='1')
stdout = stdout.rstrip()
self.assertEqual(stdout, b'False')
def test_env_var_enabled_at_startup(self):
# tracing at startup
code = 'import tracemalloc; print(tracemalloc.is_tracing())'
ok, stdout, stderr = assert_python_ok('-c',
code,
PYTHONTRACEMALLOC='1')
stdout = stdout.rstrip()
self.assertEqual(stdout, b'True')
def test_env_limit(self):
# start and set the number of frames
code = 'import tracemalloc; print(tracemalloc.get_traceback_limit())'
ok, stdout, stderr = assert_python_ok('-c',
code,
PYTHONTRACEMALLOC='10')
stdout = stdout.rstrip()
self.assertEqual(stdout, b'10')
def test_env_var_invalid(self):
for nframe in (-1, 0, 2**30):
with self.subTest(nframe=nframe):
with support.SuppressCrashReport():
ok, stdout, stderr = assert_python_failure(
'-c', 'pass', PYTHONTRACEMALLOC=str(nframe))
self.assertIn(
b'PYTHONTRACEMALLOC: invalid '
b'number of frames', stderr)
def test_sys_xoptions(self):
for xoptions, nframe in (
('tracemalloc', 1),
('tracemalloc=1', 1),
('tracemalloc=15', 15),
):
with self.subTest(xoptions=xoptions, nframe=nframe):
code = 'import tracemalloc; print(tracemalloc.get_traceback_limit())'
ok, stdout, stderr = assert_python_ok('-X', xoptions, '-c',
code)
stdout = stdout.rstrip()
self.assertEqual(stdout, str(nframe).encode('ascii'))
def test_sys_xoptions_invalid(self):
for nframe in (-1, 0, 2**30):
with self.subTest(nframe=nframe):
with support.SuppressCrashReport():
args = ('-X', 'tracemalloc=%s' % nframe, '-c', 'pass')
ok, stdout, stderr = assert_python_failure(*args)
self.assertIn(
b'-X tracemalloc=NFRAME: invalid '
b'number of frames', stderr)
def test_pymem_alloc0(self):
# Issue #21639: Check that PyMem_Malloc(0) with tracemalloc enabled
# does not crash.
code = 'import _testcapi; _testcapi.test_pymem_alloc0(); 1'
assert_python_ok('-X', 'tracemalloc', '-c', code)