def draw_shape(t):
# large circle
circle(t, 100)
# 4 triangles
move(t, 0, 100)
t.setheading(60)
polygon(t, 3, 100)
t.setheading(150)
polygon(t, 3, 100)
t.setheading(240)
polygon(t, 3, 100)
t.setheading(330)
polygon(t, 3, 100)
# 4 small circles
moving_step = 50 * math.sqrt(3)
small_radius = 50 * math.sqrt(3) / 3
move(t, 0, 100 - moving_step)
t.setheading(0)
circle(t, small_radius)
move(t, moving_step, 100)
t.setheading(90)
circle(t, small_radius)
move(t, 0, 100 + moving_step)
t.setheading(180)
circle(t, small_radius)
move(t, -moving_step, 100)
t.setheading(270)
circle(t, small_radius)
def main():
t = turtle.Turtle()
t.speed(0)
flower(t, 6, 60.0, 60.0)
move(t, 0, -60)
circle(t, 60)
t.hideturtle()
turtle.Screen().mainloop()
def draw_two_circles(t):
"""
Draws two circles. t is a turtle.
"""
# large circle
circle(t, 100)
move(t, 100, 0)
# another large circle
circle(t, 100)
def draw_stuff():
"""
draws a square and a circle
"""
leo = turtle.Turtle()
# draw a square at the defaul origin position
turtle_shape.square(leo, 100)
# move pen to a new position (200px to eastward, 100px northward)
turtle_shape.move(leo, 200, 100)
# draw a circle at the new position
turtle_shape.circle(leo, 50)
turtle.mainloop()
def circle_triangle(t, r):
"""
Draws a pattern of circles within triangles within circle,
t is a turtle, r is the radius of the outter circle
"""
# draws the big circle
circle(t, r)
# draws the four triangles
move(t, 0, r)
t.lt(60)
for _ in range(4):
t.lt(90)
polygon(t, r, 3)
# calculations for small circles
degree30 = math.radians(30)
degree60 = math.radians(60)
r_s = r / 2 / math.tan(degree60)
height = r * math.cos(degree30)
# draws the bottom small circle
y1 = 100 - height
move(t, 0, y1)
t.rt(60)
circle(t, r_s)
# draws the top small circle
y2 = 100 + height
move(t, 0, y2)
t.lt(180)
circle(t, r_s)
#draws the left small circle
x1 = -height
move(t, x1, r)
t.lt(90)
circle(t, r_s)
# draws the right small circle
x2 = height
move(t, x2, r)
t.lt(180)
circle(t, r_s)
def draw_two_circles(t):
"""
draws two circles. t is a turtle
"""
# large circle
circle(t, 100)
move(t, 100, 0)
#another large circle
circle(t, 100)
def main():
t = turtle.Turtle()
t.speed(0)
draw_two_circles(t)
turtle.screen().mainloop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
def draw_yinyang(t):
# large circle
circle(t, 100)
# two arcs
move(t, 0, 100)
t.setheading(180)
arc(t, 50, 180)
move(t, 0, 100)
t.setheading(0)
arc(t, 50, 180)
# small circles
move(t, 0, 50 + 100 / 6)
circle(t, 100 / 6)
move(t, 0, 150 + 100 / 6)
circle(t, 100 / 6)
def yinyang(t):
"""
Draws a yinyang symbol, t is a turtle
"""
# draws the outter circle
circle(t, 100)
# draws the two arcr
for _ in range(2):
move(t, 0, 100)
arc(t, 50, 180)
# draws the two small circle
move(t, 0, 35)
circle(t, 15)
move(t, 0, 135)
circle(t, 15)
from turtle_shape import arc, circle, move, polygon import turtle import math # 3.1.1 alex = turtle.Turtle() alex.speed(0) # large circle circle(alex, 100) # 4 triangles move(alex, 0, 100) alex.setheading(60) polygon(alex, 3, 100) alex.setheading(150) polygon(alex, 3, 100) alex.setheading(240) polygon(alex, 3, 100) alex.setheading(330) polygon(alex, 3, 100) # 4 small circles moving_step = 50 * math.sqrt(3) small_radius = 50 * math.sqrt(3) / 3 move(alex, 0, 100 - moving_step) alex.setheading(0) circle(alex, small_radius)
import turtle
from turtle_shape import arc, circle, move, polygon
alex = turtle.Turtle()
alex.speed(0)
circle(alex, 100)
def petal(t, r, angle):
for i in range(2):
arc(t, r, angle)
t.lt(180 - angle)
def flower(t, n, r, angle):
for i in range(n):
petal(t, r, angle)
t.lt(360.0 / n)
bob = turtle.Turtle()
move(bob, 0, 100)
flower(bob, 7, 100.0, 60.0)
bob.hideturtle()
turtle.mainloop()
from turtle_shape import arc, circle, move, polygon import turtle import math # 3.1.1 jerry = turtle.Turtle() jerry.speed(0) # large circle circle(jerry, 100) # 4 triangles move(jerry, 0, 100) jerry.setheading(60) polygon(jerry, 3, 100) jerry.setheading(150) polygon(jerry, 3, 100) jerry.setheading(240) polygon(jerry, 3, 100) jerry.setheading(330) polygon(jerry, 3, 100) # 4 small circles moving_step = 50 * math.sqrt(3) small_radius = 50 * math.sqrt(3) / 3 move(jerry, 0, 100 - moving_step) jerry.setheading(0) circle(jerry, small_radius)
import turtle from turtle_shape import arc, circle, move, polygon jerry = turtle.Turtle() jerry.speed(0) # large circle circle(jerry, 100) # two arcs move(jerry, 0, 100) jerry.setheading(180) arc(jerry, 50, 180) move(jerry, 0, 100) jerry.setheading(0) arc(jerry, 50, 180) # small circles move(jerry, 0, 50 + 100 / 6) circle(jerry, 100 / 6) move(jerry, 0, 150 + 100 / 6) circle(jerry, 100 / 6) turtle.mainloop()
from turtle_shape import square, polygon, circle, move import turtle brian = turtle.Turtle() move(brian, -100, 0) square(brian, 100) move(brian, 100, 0) circle(brian, 100) turtle.mainloop()
t.lt(180 - angle)
def flower(t, n, r, angle):
"""Draws a flower with n petals.
t: Turtle
n: number of petals
r: radius of the arcs
angle: angle (degrees) that subtends the arcs
"""
for i in range(n):
petal(t, r, angle)
t.lt(360.0 / n)
t = turtle.Turtle()
# draw a sequence of three flowers, as shown in the book.
move(t, -100, 0)
flower(t, 7, 60.0, 60.0)
move(t, 0, 0)
flower(t, 10, 40.0, 80.0)
move(t, 100, 0)
flower(t, 20, 140.0, 20.0)
t.hideturtle()
turtle.mainloop()
import turtle from turtle_shape import arc, circle, move, polygon import math # 3.1.1 lucky = turtle.Turtle() lucky.speed(0) # large circle circle(lucky, 100) # 4 triangles here we are printing the four triangles in the assigned different angles move(lucky, 0, 100) lucky.setheading(60) polygon(lucky, 3, 100) lucky.setheading(150) polygon(lucky, 3, 100) lucky.setheading(240) polygon(lucky, 3, 100) lucky.setheading(330) polygon(lucky, 3, 100) # 4 small circles same thing except with the four different circles moving_step = 50 * math.sqrt(3) small_radius = 50 * math.sqrt(3) / 3 move(lucky, 0, 100 - moving_step) lucky.setheading(0) circle(lucky, small_radius)
import turtle from turtle_shape import arc, circle, move, polygon jack = turtle.Turtle() jack.speed(0) # large circle circle(jack, 100) # two arcs move(jack, 0, 100) jack.setheading(180) arc(jack, 50, 180) move(jack, 0, 100) jack.setheading(0) arc(jack, 50, 180) # small circles move(jack, 0, 50 + 100 / 6) circle(jack, 100 / 6) move(jack, 0, 150 + 100 / 6) circle(jack, 100 / 6) turtle.mainloop()
import turtle from turtle_shape import arc, circle, move, polygon alex = turtle.Turtle() alex.speed(0) # large circle circle(alex, 100) # two arcs move(alex, 0, 100) alex.setheading(180) arc(alex, 50, 180) move(alex, 0, 100) alex.setheading(0) arc(alex, 50, 180) # small circles move(alex, 0, 50 + 100 / 6) circle(alex, 100 / 6) move(alex, 0, 150 + 100 / 6) circle(alex, 100 / 6) turtle.mainloop()
from turtle_shape import arc, circle, move, polygon import turtle import math # 3.1.1 jack = turtle.Turtle() jack.speed(0) # large circle circle(jack, 100) # 4 triangles move(jack, 0, 100) jack.setheading(60) polygon(jack, 3, 100) jack.setheading(150) polygon(jack, 3, 100) jack.setheading(240) polygon(jack, 3, 100) jack.setheading(330) polygon(jack, 3, 100) # 4 small circles moving_step = 50 * math.sqrt(3) small_radius = 50 * math.sqrt(3) / 3 move(jack, 0, 100 - moving_step) jack.setheading(0) circle(jack, small_radius)
from turtle_shape import square, polygon, circle, move import turtle jack = turtle.Turtle() move(jack, -100, 0) square(jack, 100) move(jack, 100, 0) circle(jack, 100) turtle.mainloop()
t.lt(180 - angle)
def flower(t, n, r, angle):
"""Draws a flower with n petals.
t: Turtle
n: number of petals
r: radius of the arcs
angle: angle (degrees) that subtends the arcs
"""
for i in range(n):
petal(t, r, angle)
t.lt(360.0 / n)
bob = turtle.Turtle()
# draw a sequence of three flowers, as shown in the book.
move(bob, -100, 0)
flower(bob, 7, 60.0, 60.0)
move(bob, 0, 0)
flower(bob, 10, 40.0, 80.0)
move(bob, 100, 0)
flower(bob, 20, 140.0, 20.0)
bob.hideturtle()
turtle.mainloop()
