Example #1
0
class Device(object):
    """
    Implements a command set wrapper around the USB dongle
    """
    USB_VID = 0x0483

    def __init__(self, pid):
        # TODO: do it right
        self._context = USBContext()
        self._handle = self._context.openByVendorIDAndProductID(
            Device.USB_VID, pid, skip_on_error=True)
        if self._handle is None:
            raise MemplugException(
                "USB device not found; check lsusb and/or the top board type")
        self._iface = self._handle.claimInterface(0)
        self._handle.setConfiguration(1)
        # 500ms timeouts by default
        self.cmd_timeout = 500
        self.data_timeout = 500

    def close(self):
        if self._handle is not None:
            self._handle.releaseInterface(0)
            self._handle.close()
        if self._context is not None:
            self._context.close()

    def _command(self,
                 id,
                 args=b"",
                 dataOut=None,
                 countIn=None,
                 cmd_timeout=None,
                 data_timeout=None):
        if cmd_timeout is None:
            cmd_timeout = self.cmd_timeout
        if data_timeout is None:
            data_timeout = self.data_timeout
        try:
            self._handle.controlWrite(0x21, id, 0x0000, 0x0000, args,
                                      cmd_timeout)
        except USBErrorPipe:
            raise MemplugException("command failed")
        if dataOut is not None:
            self._handle.bulkWrite(1, dataOut, data_timeout)
        if countIn is not None:
            return self._handle.bulkRead(1, countIn, data_timeout)
        return None

    def get_status(self):
        return self._handle.controlRead(0x21, 0, 0x0000, 0x0000, 64,
                                        self.cmd_timeout)

    def recover(self):
        self._handle.controlWrite(0x21, 1, 0x0000, 0x0000, b"",
                                  self.cmd_timeout)
Example #2
0
 def discover(self):
     ret = []
     ctx = USBContext()
     try:
         for device in ctx.getDeviceList():
             vid = device.getVendorID()
             if vid == 1240 or vid == 1155 or vid == 10842:
                 ret.append((str(device), ))
     finally:
         ctx.exit()
     return ret
Example #3
0
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)

        self.libraries_available = KEEPKEYLIB
        if KEEPKEYLIB:
            try:
                self.usb_context = USBContext()
                self.usb_context.open()
            except Exception:
                self.libraries_available = False

        self.main_thread = threading.current_thread()
Example #4
0
 def __init__(self, pid):
     # TODO: do it right
     self._context = USBContext()
     self._handle = self._context.openByVendorIDAndProductID(
         Device.USB_VID, pid, skip_on_error=True)
     if self._handle is None:
         raise MemplugException(
             "USB device not found; check lsusb and/or the top board type")
     self._iface = self._handle.claimInterface(0)
     self._handle.setConfiguration(1)
     # 500ms timeouts by default
     self.cmd_timeout = 500
     self.data_timeout = 500
Example #5
0
    def __init__(self, devstr):
        self._dev = None
        self._data_out = None
        self._data_in = None
        self._ctx = USBContext()
        for device in self._ctx.getDeviceList():
            if devstr == str(device):
                self._dev = device
                break

        if self._dev is None:
            raise RuntimeError('Failed to find %s', devstr)

        self._usb_handle = self._dev.open()
        for iface in self._dev.iterSettings():
            iface_num = iface.getNumber()
            if iface_num in (0, 1):
                if self._usb_handle.kernelDriverActive(iface_num):
                    self._usb_handle.detachKernelDriver(iface_num)
                self._usb_handle.claimInterface(iface_num)
                if iface_num == 1:
                    self._data_out = iface[1].getAddress()
                    self._data_in = iface[0].getAddress()

        if self._data_in is None or self._data_out is None:
            raise RuntimeError('Failed to find bulk transfer for %s', devstr)

        # config = self._dev.get_active_configuration()
        # self.control_iface = config[(0, 0)]
        # self.data_iface = config[(1, 0)]
        #
        # self.control_out = \
        #     usb.util.find_descriptor(
        #         self.control_iface, custom_match=lambda e: endpoint_direction(e.bEndpointAddress) == ENDPOINT_OUT)
        # self.control_in = \
        #     usb.util.find_descriptor(
        #         self.control_iface, custom_match=lambda e: endpoint_direction(e.bEndpointAddress) == ENDPOINT_IN)
        #
        # self.data_out = \
        #     usb.util.find_descriptor(
        #         self.data_iface, custom_match=lambda e: endpoint_direction(e.bEndpointAddress) == ENDPOINT_OUT)
        # self.data_in = \
        #     usb.util.find_descriptor(
        #         self.data_iface, custom_match=lambda e: endpoint_direction(e.bEndpointAddress) == ENDPOINT_IN)

        self._init(115200, 8, 0, 0)
Example #6
0
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)
        try:
            from . import client
            import keepkeylib
            import keepkeylib.ckd_public
            from usb1 import USBContext
            self.client_class = client.KeepKeyClient
            self.ckd_public = keepkeylib.ckd_public
            self.types = keepkeylib.client.types
            self.DEVICE_IDS = (KEEPKEY_PRODUCT_KEY,)
            self.usb_context = USBContext()
            self.usb_context.open()
            self.libraries_available = True
        except ImportError:
            self.libraries_available = False

        self.logger = logs.get_logger("plugin.keepkey")

        self.main_thread = threading.current_thread()
Example #7
0
    def __init__(self, parent, config, name):
        HW_PluginBase.__init__(self, parent, config, name)

        try:
            from electroncash_plugins.keepkey import client
            import keepkeylib
            import keepkeylib.ckd_public
            import keepkeylib.transport_hid
            import keepkeylib.transport_webusb
            from usb1 import USBContext
            self.client_class = client.KeepKeyClient
            self.ckd_public = keepkeylib.ckd_public
            self.types = keepkeylib.client.types
            self.DEVICE_IDS = (keepkeylib.transport_hid.DEVICE_IDS +
                               keepkeylib.transport_webusb.DEVICE_IDS)
            self.device_manager().register_devices(self.DEVICE_IDS)
            self.device_manager().register_enumerate_func(self.enumerate)
            self.usb_context = USBContext()
            self.usb_context.open()
            self.libraries_available = True
        except ImportError:
            self.libraries_available = False
Example #8
0
def main(ctx):
    opt = ctx.opt

    with USBContext() as context:
        found = list(find_device(context, opt.vid, opt.pid))

        if len(found) - 1 < opt.nth:
            raise Exception("No USB device found")

        # ux == USB Device/Configuration/Interface/Setting/Endpoint
        ud = found[opt.nth]
        uc = ud[0]
        ui = uc[0]
        us = ui[0]
        ue = us[0]

        with CyUSB(ud, CY_TYPE.MFG, index=opt.scb) as dev:
            #embed()
            ctx.dev = dev
            cmd = opt.args[0]
            if cmd == "save": do_save(ctx, *opt.args[1:])
            if cmd == "load": do_load(ctx, *opt.args[1:])
            if cmd == "mode": do_mode(ctx, *opt.args[1:])
Example #9
0
class UsbCdcAcmConnection(Connection):
    def __init__(self, devstr):
        self._dev = None
        self._data_out = None
        self._data_in = None
        self._ctx = USBContext()
        for device in self._ctx.getDeviceList():
            if devstr == str(device):
                self._dev = device
                break

        if self._dev is None:
            raise RuntimeError('Failed to find %s', devstr)

        self._usb_handle = self._dev.open()
        for iface in self._dev.iterSettings():
            iface_num = iface.getNumber()
            if iface_num in (0, 1):
                if self._usb_handle.kernelDriverActive(iface_num):
                    self._usb_handle.detachKernelDriver(iface_num)
                self._usb_handle.claimInterface(iface_num)
                if iface_num == 1:
                    self._data_out = iface[1].getAddress()
                    self._data_in = iface[0].getAddress()

        if self._data_in is None or self._data_out is None:
            raise RuntimeError('Failed to find bulk transfer for %s', devstr)

        # config = self._dev.get_active_configuration()
        # self.control_iface = config[(0, 0)]
        # self.data_iface = config[(1, 0)]
        #
        # self.control_out = \
        #     usb.util.find_descriptor(
        #         self.control_iface, custom_match=lambda e: endpoint_direction(e.bEndpointAddress) == ENDPOINT_OUT)
        # self.control_in = \
        #     usb.util.find_descriptor(
        #         self.control_iface, custom_match=lambda e: endpoint_direction(e.bEndpointAddress) == ENDPOINT_IN)
        #
        # self.data_out = \
        #     usb.util.find_descriptor(
        #         self.data_iface, custom_match=lambda e: endpoint_direction(e.bEndpointAddress) == ENDPOINT_OUT)
        # self.data_in = \
        #     usb.util.find_descriptor(
        #         self.data_iface, custom_match=lambda e: endpoint_direction(e.bEndpointAddress) == ENDPOINT_IN)

        self._init(115200, 8, 0, 0)

    def _init(self, baud_rate, data_bits, stop_bits, parity):
        msg = struct.pack('<IBBB', baud_rate, stop_bits, data_bits, parity)
        self._usb_handle.controlWrite(0x20 | 0x01, 0x20, 0, 0, msg)

    def _send(self, message):
        data = message.write()
        self._usb_handle.bulkWrite(self._data_out, data, 1000)

    def _recv(self, message):
        buf = ''
        # Read until we have enough bytes for the message
        while True:
            try:
                buf += self._usb_handle.bulkRead(self._data_in, 8192, 1000)
            except USBError as err:
                if hasattr(err, 'value') and err.value == -7:
                    continue
                if hasattr(err, 'errno') or err.errno == 110:
                    continue
                raise err
            try:
                message.read(buf)
            except BufferUnderflowError:
                continue
            return message

    def close(self):
        if self._usb_handle is not None:
            self._usb_handle.close()
        if self._ctx is not None:
            self._ctx.exit()
Example #10
0
class KeepKeyPlugin(HW_PluginBase):

    MAX_LABEL_LEN = 32

    firmware_URL = 'https://www.keepkey.com'
    libraries_URL = 'https://github.com/keepkey/python-keepkey'
    minimum_firmware = (4, 0, 0)
    keystore_class = KeepKey_KeyStore

    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)
        try:
            from . import client
            import keepkeylib
            import keepkeylib.ckd_public
            from usb1 import USBContext
            self.client_class = client.KeepKeyClient
            self.ckd_public = keepkeylib.ckd_public
            self.types = keepkeylib.client.types
            self.DEVICE_IDS = (KEEPKEY_PRODUCT_KEY,)
            self.usb_context = USBContext()
            self.usb_context.open()
            self.libraries_available = True
        except ImportError:
            self.libraries_available = False

        self.logger = logs.get_logger("plugin.keepkey")

        self.main_thread = threading.current_thread()

    def get_coin_name(self, client):
        # No testnet support yet
        if client.features.major_version < 6:
            return "BitcoinCash"
        return "BitcoinSV"

    def _libusb_enumerate(self):
        from keepkeylib.transport_webusb import DEVICE_IDS
        for dev in self.usb_context.getDeviceIterator(skip_on_error=True):
            usb_id = (dev.getVendorID(), dev.getProductID())
            if usb_id in DEVICE_IDS:
                yield dev

    def _enumerate_hid(self):
        if self.libraries_available:
            from keepkeylib.transport_hid import HidTransport
            return HidTransport.enumerate()
        return []

    def _enumerate_web_usb(self):
        if self.libraries_available:
            from keepkeylib.transport_webusb import WebUsbTransport
            return self._libusb_enumerate()
        return []

    def _get_transport(self, device):
        self.logger.debug("Trying to connect over USB...")

        if device.path.startswith('web_usb'):
            for d in self._enumerate_web_usb():
                if self._web_usb_path(d) == device.path:
                    from keepkeylib.transport_webusb import WebUsbTransport
                    return WebUsbTransport(d)
        else:
            for d in self._enumerate_hid():
                if str(d[0]) == device.path:
                    from keepkeylib.transport_hid import HidTransport
                    return HidTransport(d)

        raise RuntimeError(f'device {device} not found')

    def _device_for_path(self, path):
        return Device(
            path=path,
            interface_number=-1,
            id_=path,
            product_key=KEEPKEY_PRODUCT_KEY,
            usage_page=0,
            transport_ui_string=path,
        )

    def _web_usb_path(self, device):
        return f'web_usb:{device.getBusNumber()}:{device.getPortNumberList()}'

    def enumerate_devices(self):
        devices = []

        for device in self._enumerate_web_usb():
            devices.append(self._device_for_path(self._web_usb_path(device)))

        for device in self._enumerate_hid():
            # Cast needed for older firmware
            devices.append(self._device_for_path(str(device[0])))

        return devices

    def create_client(self, device, handler):
        # disable bridge because it seems to never returns if keepkey is plugged
        try:
            transport = self._get_transport(device)
        except Exception as e:
            self.logger.error("cannot connect to device")
            raise

        self.logger.debug("connected to device at %s", device.path)

        client = self.client_class(transport, handler, self)

        # Try a ping for device sanity
        try:
            client.ping('t')
        except Exception as e:
            self.logger.error("ping failed %s", e)
            return None

        if not client.atleast_version(*self.minimum_firmware):
            msg = (_('Outdated {} firmware for device labelled {}. Please '
                     'download the updated firmware from {}')
                   .format(self.device, client.label(), self.firmware_URL))
            self.logger.error(msg)
            handler.show_error(msg)
            return None

        return client

    def get_client(self, keystore, force_pair=True):
        client = app_state.device_manager.client_for_keystore(self, keystore, force_pair)
        # returns the client for a given keystore. can use xpub
        if client:
            client.used()
        return client

    def initialize_device(self, device_id, wizard, handler):
        # Initialization method
        msg = _("Choose how you want to initialize your {}.\n\n"
                "The first two methods are secure as no secret information "
                "is entered into your computer.\n\n"
                "For the last two methods you input secrets on your keyboard "
                "and upload them to your {}, and so you should "
                "only do those on a computer you know to be trustworthy "
                "and free of malware."
        ).format(self.device, self.device)
        choices = [
            # Must be short as QT doesn't word-wrap radio button text
            (TIM_NEW, _("Let the device generate a completely new seed randomly")),
            (TIM_RECOVER, _("Recover from a seed you have previously written down")),
            (TIM_MNEMONIC, _("Upload a BIP39 mnemonic to generate the seed")),
            (TIM_PRIVKEY, _("Upload a master private key"))
        ]
        def f(method):
            settings = self.request_trezor_init_settings(wizard, method, self.device)
            t = threading.Thread(target = self._initialize_device_safe,
                                 args=(settings, method, device_id, wizard, handler))
            t.setDaemon(True)
            t.start()
            wizard.loop.exec_()
        wizard.choice_dialog(title=_('Initialize Device'), message=msg,
                             choices=choices, run_next=f)

    def _initialize_device_safe(self, settings, method, device_id, wizard, handler):
        exit_code = 0
        try:
            self._initialize_device(settings, method, device_id, wizard, handler)
        except UserCancelled:
            exit_code = 1
        except Exception as e:
            handler.show_error(str(e))
            exit_code = 1
        finally:
            wizard.loop.exit(exit_code)

    def _initialize_device(self, settings, method, device_id, wizard, handler):
        item, label, pin_protection, passphrase_protection = settings

        language = 'english'
        client = app_state.device_manager.client_by_id(device_id)

        if method == TIM_NEW:
            strength = 64 * (item + 2)  # 128, 192 or 256
            client.reset_device(True, strength, passphrase_protection,
                                pin_protection, label, language)
        elif method == TIM_RECOVER:
            word_count = 6 * (item + 2)  # 12, 18 or 24
            client.step = 0
            client.recovery_device(False, word_count, passphrase_protection,
                                   pin_protection, label, language)
        elif method == TIM_MNEMONIC:
            pin = pin_protection  # It's the pin, not a boolean
            client.load_device_by_mnemonic(str(item), pin,
                                           passphrase_protection,
                                           label, language)
        else:
            pin = pin_protection  # It's the pin, not a boolean
            client.load_device_by_xprv(item, pin, passphrase_protection,
                                       label, language)

    def setup_device(self, device_info, wizard):
        '''Called when creating a new wallet.  Select the device to use.  If
        the device is uninitialized, go through the intialization
        process.'''
        device_id = device_info.device.id_
        client = app_state.device_manager.client_by_id(device_id)
        client.handler = self.create_handler(wizard)
        if not device_info.initialized:
            self.initialize_device(device_id, wizard, client.handler)
        client.get_master_public_key('m')

    def get_master_public_key(self, device_id, derivation, wizard):
        client = app_state.device_manager.client_by_id(device_id)
        client.handler = self.create_handler(wizard)
        return client.get_master_public_key(derivation)

    def sign_transaction(self, keystore, tx, xpub_path):
        self.xpub_path = xpub_path
        client = self.get_client(keystore)
        inputs = self.tx_inputs(tx)
        outputs = self.tx_outputs(keystore.get_derivation(), tx)
        signatures = client.sign_tx(self.get_coin_name(client), inputs, outputs,
                                    lock_time=tx.locktime)[0]
        tx.update_signatures(signatures)

    def show_address(self, wallet, address):
        keystore = wallet.get_keystore()
        client = self.get_client(keystore)
        change, index = wallet.get_address_index(address)
        derivation = keystore.derivation
        address_path = "%s/%d/%d"%(derivation, change, index)
        address_n = bip32_decompose_chain_string(address_path)
        script_type = self.types.SPENDADDRESS
        client.get_address(Net.KEEPKEY_DISPLAY_COIN_NAME, address_n,
                           True, script_type=script_type)

    def tx_inputs(self, tx):
        inputs = []
        for txin in tx.inputs:
            txinputtype = self.types.TxInputType()
            txinputtype.prev_hash = bytes(reversed(txin.prev_hash))
            txinputtype.prev_index = txin.prev_idx
            txinputtype.sequence = txin.sequence
            txinputtype.amount = txin.value

            x_pubkeys = txin.x_pubkeys
            if len(x_pubkeys) == 1:
                x_pubkey = x_pubkeys[0]
                xpub, path = x_pubkey.bip32_extended_key_and_path()
                xpub_n = bip32_decompose_chain_string(self.xpub_path[xpub])
                txinputtype.address_n.extend(xpub_n + path)
                txinputtype.script_type = self.types.SPENDADDRESS
            else:
                def f(x_pubkey):
                    if x_pubkey.is_bip32_key():
                        xpub, path = x_pubkey.bip32_extended_key_and_path()
                    else:
                        xpub = BIP32PublicKey(bfh(x_pubkey), NULL_DERIVATION, Net.COIN)
                        xpub = xpub.to_extended_key_string()
                        path = []
                    node = self.ckd_public.deserialize(xpub)
                    return self.types.HDNodePathType(node=node, address_n=path)
                pubkeys = [f(x) for x in x_pubkeys]
                multisig = self.types.MultisigRedeemScriptType(
                    pubkeys=pubkeys,
                    signatures=txin.stripped_signatures_with_blanks(),
                    m=txin.threshold,
                )
                script_type = self.types.SPENDMULTISIG
                txinputtype = self.types.TxInputType(
                    script_type=script_type,
                    multisig=multisig
                )
                # find which key is mine
                for x_pubkey in x_pubkeys:
                    if x_pubkey.is_bip32_key():
                        xpub, path = x_pubkey.bip32_extended_key_and_path()
                        if xpub in self.xpub_path:
                            xpub_n = bip32_decompose_chain_string(self.xpub_path[xpub])
                            txinputtype.address_n.extend(xpub_n + path)
                            break

            inputs.append(txinputtype)

        return inputs

    def tx_outputs(self, derivation, tx):
        outputs = []
        has_change = False

        for tx_output, info in zip(tx.outputs, tx.output_info):
            if info is not None and not has_change:
                has_change = True # no more than one change address
                index, xpubs, m = info
                if len(xpubs) == 1:
                    script_type = self.types.PAYTOADDRESS
                    address_n = bip32_decompose_chain_string(derivation + "/%d/%d"%index)
                    txoutputtype = self.types.TxOutputType(
                        amount = tx_output.value,
                        script_type = script_type,
                        address_n = address_n,
                    )
                else:
                    script_type = self.types.PAYTOMULTISIG
                    address_n = bip32_decompose_chain_string("/%d/%d"%index)
                    nodes = [self.ckd_public.deserialize(xpub) for xpub in xpubs]
                    pubkeys = [self.types.HDNodePathType(node=node, address_n=address_n)
                               for node in nodes]
                    multisig = self.types.MultisigRedeemScriptType(
                        pubkeys = pubkeys,
                        signatures = [b''] * len(pubkeys),
                        m = m)
                    txoutputtype = self.types.TxOutputType(
                        multisig = multisig,
                        amount = tx_output.value,
                        address_n = bip32_decompose_chain_string(derivation + "/%d/%d"%index),
                        script_type = script_type)
            else:
                txoutputtype = self.types.TxOutputType()
                txoutputtype.amount = tx_output.value
                address = classify_tx_output(tx_output)
                if isinstance(address, Address):
                    txoutputtype.script_type = self.types.PAYTOADDRESS
                    txoutputtype.address = address.to_string(coin=Net.COIN)
                elif isinstance(address, OP_RETURN_Output):
                    txoutputtype.script_type = self.types.PAYTOOPRETURN
                    txoutputtype.op_return_data = bytes(tx_output.script_pubkey)[2:]

            outputs.append(txoutputtype)

        return outputs
Example #11
0
class KeepKeyPlugin(HW_PluginBase):
    # Derived classes provide:
    #
    #  class-static variables: client_class, firmware_URL, handler_class,
    #     libraries_available, libraries_URL, minimum_firmware,
    #     wallet_class, ckd_public, types, HidTransport

    firmware_URL = 'https://www.keepkey.com'
    libraries_URL = 'https://github.com/keepkey/python-keepkey'
    minimum_firmware = (1, 0, 0)
    keystore_class = KeepKey_KeyStore
    usb_context = None
    SUPPORTED_XTYPES = ('standard', 'p2wsh-p2sh', 'p2wsh')

    MAX_LABEL_LEN = 32

    def __init__(self, parent, config, name):
        HW_PluginBase.__init__(self, parent, config, name)

        try:
            from electroncash_plugins.keepkey import client
            import keepkeylib
            import keepkeylib.ckd_public
            import keepkeylib.transport_hid
            import keepkeylib.transport_webusb
            from usb1 import USBContext
            self.client_class = client.KeepKeyClient
            self.ckd_public = keepkeylib.ckd_public
            self.types = keepkeylib.client.types
            self.DEVICE_IDS = (keepkeylib.transport_hid.DEVICE_IDS +
                               keepkeylib.transport_webusb.DEVICE_IDS)
            self.device_manager().register_devices(self.DEVICE_IDS)
            self.device_manager().register_enumerate_func(self.enumerate)
            self.usb_context = USBContext()
            self.usb_context.open()
            self.libraries_available = True
        except ImportError:
            self.libraries_available = False

    def libusb_enumerate(self):
        from keepkeylib.transport_webusb import DEVICE_IDS
        for dev in self.usb_context.getDeviceIterator(skip_on_error=True):
            usb_id = (dev.getVendorID(), dev.getProductID())
            if usb_id in DEVICE_IDS:
                yield dev

    def _USBDevice_getPath(self, dev):
        return ":".join(str(x) for x in ["%03i" % (dev.getBusNumber(),)] + dev.getPortNumberList())

    def enumerate(self):
        for dev in self.libusb_enumerate():
            path = self._USBDevice_getPath(dev)
            usb_id = (dev.getVendorID(), dev.getProductID())
            yield Device(path=path, interface_number=-1, id_=path, product_key=usb_id, usage_page=0)

    def hid_transport(self, pair):
        from keepkeylib.transport_hid import HidTransport
        return HidTransport(pair)

    def webusb_transport(self, device):
        from keepkeylib.transport_webusb import WebUsbTransport
        for dev in self.libusb_enumerate():
            path = self._USBDevice_getPath(dev)
            if path == device.path:
                return WebUsbTransport(dev)
        self.print_error(f"cannot connect at {device.path}: not found")
        return None

    def _try_hid(self, device):
        self.print_error("Trying to connect over USB...")
        if device.interface_number == 1:
            pair = [None, device.path]
        else:
            pair = [device.path, None]

        try:
            return self.hid_transport(pair)
        except BaseException as e:
            # see fdb810ba622dc7dbe1259cbafb5b28e19d2ab114
            # raise
            self.print_error(f"cannot connect at {device.path} {e}")
            return None

    def _try_webusb(self, device):
        self.print_error("Trying to connect over WebUSB...")
        try:
            return self.webusb_transport(device)
        except BaseException as e:
            self.print_error(f"cannot connect at {device.path} {e}")
            return None

    def create_client(self, device, handler):
        if device.product_key[1] == 2:
            transport = self._try_webusb(device)
        else:
            transport = self._try_hid(device)

        if not transport:
            self.print_error("cannot connect to device")
            return

        self.print_error(f"connected to device at {device.path}")

        client = self.client_class(transport, handler, self)

        # Try a ping for device sanity
        try:
            client.ping('t')
        except BaseException as e:
            self.print_error(f"ping failed {e}")
            return None

        if not client.atleast_version(*self.minimum_firmware):
            msg = (_('Outdated {} firmware for device labelled {}. Please '
                     'download the updated firmware from {}')
                   .format(self.device, client.label(), self.firmware_URL))
            self.print_error(msg)
            if handler:
                handler.show_error(msg)
            else:
                raise RuntimeError(msg)
            return None

        return client

    def get_client(self, keystore, force_pair=True):
        devmgr = self.device_manager()
        handler = keystore.handler
        with devmgr.hid_lock:
            client = devmgr.client_for_keystore(self, handler, keystore, force_pair)
        # returns the client for a given keystore. can use xpub
        if client:
            client.used()
        return client

    def get_coin_name(self):
        # Doesn't support testnet addresses
        return "BitcoinCash"

    def initialize_device(self, device_id, wizard, handler):
        # Initialization method
        msg = _("Choose how you want to initialize your {}.\n\n"
                "The first two methods are secure as no secret information "
                "is entered into your computer.\n\n"
                "For the last two methods you input secrets on your keyboard "
                "and upload them to your {}, and so you should "
                "only do those on a computer you know to be trustworthy "
                "and free of malware."
        ).format(self.device, self.device)
        choices = [
            # Must be short as QT doesn't word-wrap radio button text
            (TIM_NEW, _("Let the device generate a completely new seed randomly")),
            (TIM_RECOVER, _("Recover from a seed you have previously written down")),
            (TIM_MNEMONIC, _("Upload a BIP39 mnemonic to generate the seed")),
            (TIM_PRIVKEY, _("Upload a master private key"))
        ]
        def f(method):
            import threading
            settings = self.request_trezor_init_settings(wizard, method, self.device)
            t = threading.Thread(target=self._initialize_device_safe, args=(settings, method, device_id, wizard, handler))
            t.setDaemon(True)
            t.start()
            exit_code = wizard.loop.exec_()
            if exit_code != 0:
                # this method (initialize_device) was called with the expectation
                # of leaving the device in an initialized state when finishing.
                # signal that this is not the case:
                raise UserCancelled()
        wizard.choice_dialog(title=_('Initialize Device'), message=msg, choices=choices, run_next=f)

    def _initialize_device_safe(self, settings, method, device_id, wizard, handler):
        exit_code = 0
        try:
            self._initialize_device(settings, method, device_id, wizard, handler)
        except UserCancelled:
            exit_code = 1
        except BaseException as e:
            self.print_error(str(e))
            handler.show_error(str(e))
            exit_code = 1
        finally:
            wizard.loop.exit(exit_code)

    def _initialize_device(self, settings, method, device_id, wizard, handler):
        item, label, pin_protection, passphrase_protection = settings

        language = 'english'
        devmgr = self.device_manager()
        client = devmgr.client_by_id(device_id)
        if not client:
            raise Exception(_("The device was disconnected."))

        if method == TIM_NEW:
            strength = 64 * (item + 2)  # 128, 192 or 256
            client.reset_device(True, strength, passphrase_protection,
                                pin_protection, label, language)
        elif method == TIM_RECOVER:
            word_count = 6 * (item + 2)  # 12, 18 or 24
            client.step = 0
            client.recovery_device(word_count, passphrase_protection,
                                       pin_protection, label, language)
        elif method == TIM_MNEMONIC:
            item = str(item).strip()
            if not len(item.split()) in [12, 18, 24]:
                raise Exception(_("The mnemonic needs to be 12, 18 or 24 words."))
            pin = pin_protection  # It's the pin, not a boolean
            client.load_device_by_mnemonic(item, pin,
                                           passphrase_protection,
                                           label, language)
        else:
            pin = pin_protection  # It's the pin, not a boolean
            client.load_device_by_xprv(item, pin, passphrase_protection,
                                       label, language)

    def _make_node_path(self, xpub, address_n):
        _, depth, fingerprint, child_num, chain_code, key = deserialize_xpub(xpub)
        node = self.types.HDNodeType(
            depth=depth,
            fingerprint=int.from_bytes(fingerprint, 'big'),
            child_num=int.from_bytes(child_num, 'big'),
            chain_code=chain_code,
            public_key=key,
        )
        return self.types.HDNodePathType(node=node, address_n=address_n)

    def setup_device(self, device_info, wizard, purpose):
        devmgr = self.device_manager()
        device_id = device_info.device.id_
        client = devmgr.client_by_id(device_id)
        if client is None:
            raise RuntimeError(_('Failed to create a client for this device.') + '\n' +
                               _('Make sure it is in the correct state.'))
        # fixme: we should use: client.handler = wizard
        client.handler = self.create_handler(wizard)
        if not device_info.initialized:
            self.initialize_device(device_id, wizard, client.handler)
        client.get_xpub('m', 'standard')
        client.used()

    def get_xpub(self, device_id, derivation, xtype, wizard):
        if xtype not in self.SUPPORTED_XTYPES:
            raise RuntimeError(_('This type of script is not supported with {}.').format(self.device))
        devmgr = self.device_manager()
        client = devmgr.client_by_id(device_id)
        client.handler = wizard
        xpub = client.get_xpub(derivation, xtype)
        client.used()
        return xpub

    def get_keepkey_input_script_type(self, electrum_txin_type: str):
        if electrum_txin_type == "p2pkh":
            return self.types.SPENDADDRESS
        if electrum_txin_type == "p2sh":
            return self.types.SPENDMULTISIG
        raise ValueError(f"unexpected txin type: {electrum_txin_type}")

    def get_keepkey_output_script_type(self, electrum_txin_type: str):
        if electrum_txin_type == "p2pkh":
            return self.types.PAYTOADDRESS
        if electrum_txin_type == "p2sh":
            return self.types.PAYTOMULTISIG
        raise ValueError(f"unexpected txin type: {electrum_txin_type}")

    def sign_transaction(self, keystore, tx, prev_tx, xpub_path):
        self.prev_tx = prev_tx
        self.xpub_path = xpub_path
        client = self.get_client(keystore)
        inputs = self.tx_inputs(tx, True)
        outputs = self.tx_outputs(keystore.get_derivation(), tx)
        signatures, signed_tx = client.sign_tx(self.get_coin_name(), inputs, outputs,
                                               lock_time=tx.locktime, version=tx.version)
        signatures = [bh2u(x) for x in signatures]
        tx.update_signatures(signatures)

    def show_address(self, wallet, address, keystore=None):
        if keystore is None:
            keystore = wallet.get_keystore()
        if not self.show_address_helper(wallet, address, keystore):
            return
        client = self.get_client(keystore)
        if not client.atleast_version(1, 3):
            keystore.handler.show_error(_("Your device firmware is too old"))
            return
        change, index = wallet.get_address_index(address)
        derivation = keystore.derivation
        address_path = "%s/%d/%d"%(derivation, change, index)
        address_n = client.expand_path(address_path)
        xpubs = wallet.get_master_public_keys()
        if len(xpubs) == 1:
            script_type = self.get_keepkey_input_script_type(wallet.txin_type)
            client.get_address(self.get_coin_name(), address_n, True, script_type=script_type)
        else:
            def f(xpub):
                return self._make_node_path(xpub, [change, index])
            pubkeys = wallet.get_public_keys(address)
            # sort xpubs using the order of pubkeys
            sorted_pubkeys, sorted_xpubs = zip(*sorted(zip(pubkeys, xpubs)))
            pubkeys = list(map(f, sorted_xpubs))
            multisig = self.types.MultisigRedeemScriptType(
               pubkeys=pubkeys,
               signatures=[b''] * wallet.n,
               m=wallet.m,
            )
            script_type = self.get_keepkey_input_script_type(wallet.txin_type)
            client.get_address(self.get_coin_name(), address_n, True, multisig=multisig, script_type=script_type)

    def tx_inputs(self, tx, for_sig=False):
        inputs = []
        for txin in tx.inputs():
            txinputtype = self.types.TxInputType()
            if txin['type'] == 'coinbase':
                prev_hash = b"\x00"*32
                prev_index = 0xffffffff  # signed int -1
            else:
                if for_sig:
                    x_pubkeys = txin['x_pubkeys']
                    if len(x_pubkeys) == 1:
                        x_pubkey = x_pubkeys[0]
                        xpub, s = parse_xpubkey(x_pubkey)
                        xpub_n = self.client_class.expand_path(self.xpub_path[xpub])
                        txinputtype.address_n.extend(xpub_n + s)
                        txinputtype.script_type = self.get_keepkey_input_script_type(txin['type'])
                    else:
                        def f(x_pubkey):
                            xpub, s = parse_xpubkey(x_pubkey)
                            return self._make_node_path(xpub, s)
                        pubkeys = list(map(f, x_pubkeys))
                        multisig = self.types.MultisigRedeemScriptType(
                            pubkeys=pubkeys,
                            signatures=map(lambda x: bfh(x)[:-1] if x else b'', txin.get('signatures')),
                            m=txin.get('num_sig'),
                        )
                        script_type = self.get_keepkey_input_script_type(txin['type'])
                        txinputtype = self.types.TxInputType(
                            script_type=script_type,
                            multisig=multisig
                        )
                        # find which key is mine
                        for x_pubkey in x_pubkeys:
                            if is_xpubkey(x_pubkey):
                                xpub, s = parse_xpubkey(x_pubkey)
                                if xpub in self.xpub_path:
                                    xpub_n = self.client_class.expand_path(self.xpub_path[xpub])
                                    txinputtype.address_n.extend(xpub_n + s)
                                    break

                prev_hash = unhexlify(txin['prevout_hash'])
                prev_index = txin['prevout_n']

            if 'value' in txin:
                txinputtype.amount = txin['value']
            txinputtype.prev_hash = prev_hash
            txinputtype.prev_index = prev_index

            if txin.get('scriptSig') is not None:
                script_sig = bfh(txin['scriptSig'])
                txinputtype.script_sig = script_sig

            txinputtype.sequence = txin.get('sequence', 0xffffffff - 1)

            inputs.append(txinputtype)

        return inputs

    def tx_outputs(self, derivation, tx):
        def create_output_by_derivation():
            keepkey_script_type = self.get_keepkey_output_script_type(script_type)
            if len(xpubs) == 1:
                address_n = self.client_class.expand_path(derivation + "/%d/%d" % index)
                txoutputtype = self.types.TxOutputType(
                    amount=amount,
                    script_type=keepkey_script_type,
                    address_n=address_n,
                )
            else:
                address_n = self.client_class.expand_path("/%d/%d" % index)
                pubkeys = [self._make_node_path(xpub, address_n) for xpub in xpubs]
                multisig = self.types.MultisigRedeemScriptType(
                    pubkeys=pubkeys,
                    signatures=[b''] * len(pubkeys),
                    m=m)
                txoutputtype = self.types.TxOutputType(
                    multisig=multisig,
                    amount=amount,
                    address_n=self.client_class.expand_path(derivation + "/%d/%d" % index),
                    script_type=keepkey_script_type)
            return txoutputtype

        def create_output_by_address():
            txoutputtype = self.types.TxOutputType()
            txoutputtype.amount = amount
            if _type == TYPE_SCRIPT:
                txoutputtype.script_type = self.types.PAYTOOPRETURN
                txoutputtype.op_return_data = validate_op_return_output_and_get_data(o, max_pushes=1)
            elif _type == TYPE_ADDRESS:
                txoutputtype.script_type = self.types.PAYTOADDRESS
                txoutputtype.address = address.to_full_string(Address.FMT_CASHADDR_BCH, net=networks.MainNet)
            return txoutputtype

        outputs = []
        has_change = False
        any_output_on_change_branch = is_any_tx_output_on_change_branch(tx)

        for o in tx.outputs():
            _type, address, amount = o
            use_create_by_derivation = False

            info = tx.output_info.get(address)
            if info is not None and not has_change:
                index, xpubs, m, script_type = info
                on_change_branch = index[0] == 1
                # prioritise hiding outputs on the 'change' branch from user
                # because no more than one change address allowed
                if on_change_branch == any_output_on_change_branch:
                    use_create_by_derivation = True
                    has_change = True

            if use_create_by_derivation:
                txoutputtype = create_output_by_derivation()
            else:
                txoutputtype = create_output_by_address()
            outputs.append(txoutputtype)

        return outputs

    def electrum_tx_to_txtype(self, tx):
        t = self.types.TransactionType()
        if tx is None:
            # probably for segwit input and we don't need this prev txn
            return t
        d = deserialize(tx.raw)
        t.version = d['version']
        t.lock_time = d['lockTime']
        inputs = self.tx_inputs(tx)
        t.inputs.extend(inputs)
        for vout in d['outputs']:
            o = t.bin_outputs.add()
            o.amount = vout['value']
            o.script_pubkey = bfh(vout['scriptPubKey'])
        return t

    # This function is called from the TREZOR libraries (via tx_api)
    def get_tx(self, tx_hash):
        tx = self.prev_tx[tx_hash]
        return self.electrum_tx_to_txtype(tx)