def metrics_catalog(region):
'''Build a catalog of available metrics'''
conn_ec2 = ec2.connect_to_region(region)
conn_elb = elb.connect_to_region(region)
conn_rds = rds.connect_to_region(region)
conn_cloudwatch = cloudwatch.connect_to_region(region)
catalog = {'ec2': {}, 'ebs': {}, 'elb': {}, 'rds': {}}
# EC2 instances
for reservation in conn_ec2.get_all_instances():
for instance in reservation.instances:
catalog['ec2'][instance] = conn_cloudwatch.list_metrics(
dimensions={'InstanceId': [instance.id]})
# EBS Volumes
for volume in conn_ec2.get_all_volumes():
catalog['ebs'][volume] = conn_cloudwatch.list_metrics(
dimensions={'VolumeId': [volume.id]})
# ELB instances
for balancer in conn_elb.get_all_load_balancers():
catalog['elb'][balancer] = conn_cloudwatch.list_metrics(
dimensions={'LoadBalancerName': [balancer.name]})
# RDS instances
for instance in conn_rds.get_all_dbinstances():
catalog['rds'][instance] = conn_cloudwatch.list_metrics(
dimensions={'DBInstanceIdentifier': [instance.id]})
return catalog
def create_rds_snapshot(access_key, secret_key, token):
print(
'*******************************Starting snapshot-rds***************************************'
)
password = raw_input(
"Enter RDS password for expoliting, Note that it does not prompt for old password!!!:"
)
region = 'ap-southeast-1'
rds_name = 'nimbostratus'
print('\n Access Key: %s \nsecret_key: %s, \ntoken: %s' %
(access_key, secret_key, token))
try:
conn = connect_to_region(region,
aws_access_key_id=access_key,
aws_secret_access_key=secret_key,
security_token=token)
except Exception, e:
print('Failed to connect to RDS: "%s"' % e.error_message)
return
def metrics_catalog(region):
'''Build a catalog of available metrics'''
conn_ec2 = ec2.connect_to_region(region)
conn_elb = elb.connect_to_region(region)
conn_rds = rds.connect_to_region(region)
conn_cloudwatch = cloudwatch.connect_to_region(region)
catalog = {'ec2':{}, 'ebs':{}, 'elb':{}, 'rds':{}}
# EC2 instances
for reservation in conn_ec2.get_all_instances():
for instance in reservation.instances:
catalog['ec2'][instance] = conn_cloudwatch.list_metrics(
dimensions={'InstanceId': [instance.id]})
# EBS Volumes
for volume in conn_ec2.get_all_volumes():
catalog['ebs'][volume] = conn_cloudwatch.list_metrics(
dimensions={'VolumeId': [volume.id]})
# ELB instances
for balancer in conn_elb.get_all_load_balancers():
catalog['elb'][balancer] = conn_cloudwatch.list_metrics(
dimensions={'LoadBalancerName': [balancer.name]})
# RDS instances
for instance in conn_rds.get_all_dbinstances():
catalog['rds'][instance] = conn_cloudwatch.list_metrics(
dimensions={'DBInstanceIdentifier': [instance.id]})
return catalog
def create_snapshot(instance_id, purge_days=None, aws_key_id=None, aws_secret_key=None, region='eu-west-1'):
today = datetime.date.today()
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region, aws_access_key_id=aws_key_id, aws_secret_access_key=aws_secret_key)
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances(instance_id=instance_id)
if len(instances) != 1:
print "Unable to locate instance id {0} in region {1}".format(instance_id, region)
sys.exit(1)
instance = instances[0]
snapshot_id = INSTANCE_ID_TMPL.format(instance_id, today.isoformat())
print "Creating snapshot {0} for instance {1}".format(snapshot_id, instance_id)
instance.snapshot(snapshot_id)
snapshot = next((s for s in conn.get_all_dbsnapshots(instance_id=instance_id) if s.id == snapshot_id), None)
if snapshot:
status = snapshot.status
print "Creating snapshot {0} for instance {1}. Status: {2}".format(snapshot_id, instance_id, status)
while status == 'creating':
time.sleep(1)
snapshot = next((s for s in conn.get_all_dbsnapshots(instance_id=instance_id) if s.id == snapshot_id), None)
status = snapshot.status
print "Created snapshot {0} for instance {1}. Status: {2}".format(snapshot_id, instance_id, status)
if purge_days is not None:
if status != 'available':
print "Skipping purge as latest snapshot isn't marked as available"
sys.exit(1)
purge_day = today - datetime.timedelta(days=purge_days)
purge_snapshot_id = INSTANCE_ID_TMPL.format(instance_id, purge_day.isoformat())
snapshot = next((s for s in conn.get_all_dbsnapshots(instance_id=instance_id) if s.id == purge_snapshot_id), None)
if snapshot:
print "Deleting snapshot {0} for instance {1}".format(snapshot.id, instance_id)
conn.delete_dbsnapshot(snapshot.id)
print "Deleted snapshot {0} for instance {1}".format(snapshot.id, instance_id)
def get_rds_instances(aws_access, aws_secret):
"""Get all RDS instances in east and west.
"""
ri = {'east':[],'west':[]}
wcon = rds.connect_to_region('us-west-1',
aws_access_key_id=aws_access,
aws_secret_access_key=aws_secret)
econ = rds.connect_to_region('us-east-1',
aws_access_key_id=aws_access,
aws_secret_access_key=aws_secret)
iwest = wcon.get_all_dbinstances()
ieast = econ.get_all_dbinstances()
for i in iwest:
ri['west'].append(i)
for i in ieast:
ri['east'].append(i)
logger.debug("Amazon RDS instances: %s", ri)
return ri
def setUp(self):
from boto import rds
self.env_id = uuid.uuid4().hex
self.rds = rds.connect_to_region(self.region)
config_path = os.path.join(
os.path.dirname(inspect.getsourcefile(Controller)),
"..",
"config.yaml")
self.config_defaults = self.load_config_defaults(config_path)
self.group_rules = self.load_access_group_rules()
def main(argv=sys.argv):
global logger, settings, ca, ri, aws_access, aws_secret, longs, seens, template
if len(argv) != 2:
usage(argv)
config_uri = argv[1]
setup_logging(config_uri)
settings = get_appsettings(config_uri)
logger = logging.getLogger('scripts')
ca = settings.get('mysql.ca') or None
aws_access = settings.get('aws.access') or None
aws_secret = settings.get('aws.secret') or None
rdsecon = rds.connect_to_region('us-east-1',
aws_access_key_id=aws_access,
aws_secret_access_key=aws_secret)
seens = defaultdict(dict)
longs = []
rdses = []
whitelist_str = settings['rds.whitelist'] or ''
whitelist = whitelist_str.split(',')
for item in whitelist:
rdses.extend(rdsecon.get_all_dbinstances(instance_id=item))
logger.info('Got rds instances %s', rdses)
# hardcoding this is dumb mmmkay?
mylookup = TemplateLookup(settings['mako.templatedir'])
template = mylookup.get_template('emailproclist.mako')
flush_interval = datetime.timedelta(minutes=FLUSH_INTERVAL_MINUTES)
last_flush = datetime.datetime.now()
try:
while True:
for instance in rdses:
longs.extend(get_proc_list_for('us-east-1', instance))
dtnow = datetime.datetime.now()
if len(longs) > 0 and (dtnow - last_flush) > flush_interval:
last_flush = datetime.datetime.now()
flush_and_email()
time.sleep(5)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print "Exiting now"
except Exception as e:
logger.warn(
"Longprocs failed: %s", e, exc_info=1)
def get_rds_instances_by_region(self, region):
''' Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular
region '''
try:
if self.creds == {}:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region)
else:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region,
aws_access_key_id=self.creds['key'],
aws_secret_access_key=self.creds['secret'])
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
self.add_rds_instance(instance, region)
except boto.exception.BotoServerError, e:
if not e.reason == "Forbidden":
print "Looks like AWS RDS is down: "
print e
sys.exit(1)
def _create_rds_connection(self):
conn = rds.connect_to_region(
self.options.get('region_name'),
aws_access_key_id=self.options.get(
'aws_access_key_id'
),
aws_secret_access_key=self.options.get(
'aws_secret_access_key'
)
)
return conn
def get_connection(cls, region=None):
"""
Connect to the given region, and return the connection.
:param region:
Defaults to ``awsfab_settings.DEFAULT_REGION`` if ``None``.
"""
region = region is None and awsfab_settings.DEFAULT_REGION or region
connection = connect_to_region(region_name=region, **awsfab_settings.AUTH)
if not connection:
raise RdsRegionConnectionError(region)
return connection
def get_connection(cls, region=None):
"""
Connect to the given region, and return the connection.
:param region:
Defaults to ``awsfab_settings.DEFAULT_REGION`` if ``None``.
"""
region = region is None and awsfab_settings.DEFAULT_REGION or region
connection = connect_to_region(region_name=region, **awsfab_settings.AUTH)
if not connection:
raise RdsRegionConnectionError(region)
return connection
def get_rds_instances_by_region(self, region):
''' Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular region'''
try:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region)
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
self.add_rds_instance(instance, region)
except boto.exception.BotoServerError, e:
if not e.reason == "Forbidden":
print "Looks like AWS RDS is down: "
print e
sys.exit(1)
def start_db_connection():
c = rds.connect_to_region("us-west-2")
instances = c.get_all_dbinstances()
db = instances[0]
target_name = db.endpoint[0]
dbc = MySQLdb.connect(
host=target_name,
user='******',
passwd='fluffybunny',
db='ecdb_beta')
print 'Started DBC'
return dbc
def get_rds_instances_by_region(self, region):
''' Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular
region '''
try:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region)
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
self.add_rds_instance(instance, region)
except boto.exception.BotoServerError as e:
print "Looks like AWS RDS is down: "
print e
sys.exit(1)
def __get_rds_instances_by_region(self, region):
''' Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular
region '''
try:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region, aws_access_key_id=self.ec2_access_key, aws_secret_access_key=self.ec2_secret_key)
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
yield instance
except boto.exception.BotoServerError as e:
print "RDS BotoServerError: "
print e
sys.exit(1)
def get_rds_instances_by_region(self, region):
''' Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular
region '''
try:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region)
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
self.add_rds_instance(instance, region)
except boto.exception.BotoServerError, e:
if e.error_code == 'AuthFailure':
error = self.get_auth_error_message()
if not e.reason == "Forbidden":
error = "Looks like AWS RDS is down:\n%s" % e.message
self.fail_with_error(error)
def get_rds_instances_by_region(self, region):
''' Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular
region '''
try:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region)
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
self.add_rds_instance(instance, region)
except boto.exception.BotoServerError, e:
if e.error_code == 'AuthFailure':
error = self.get_auth_error_message()
if not e.reason == "Forbidden":
error = "Looks like AWS RDS is down:\n%s" % e.message
self.fail_with_error(error)
def cmd_handler(args):
'''
Main entry point for the sub-command.
:param args: The command line arguments as parsed by argparse
'''
logging.debug('Starting snapshot-rds')
try:
conn = connect_to_region(args.region,
aws_access_key_id=args.access_key,
aws_secret_access_key=args.secret_key,
security_token=args.token)
except Exception, e:
logging.critical('Failed to connect to RDS: "%s"' % e.error_message)
return
def cmd_handler(args):
'''
Main entry point for the sub-command.
:param args: The command line arguments as parsed by argparse
'''
logging.debug('Starting snapshot-rds')
try:
conn = connect_to_region(args.region,
aws_access_key_id=args.access_key,
aws_secret_access_key=args.secret_key,
security_token=args.token)
except Exception, e:
logging.critical('Failed to connect to RDS: "%s"' % e.error_message)
return
def get_rds_instances_by_region(self, region):
''' Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular
region '''
# Hack to get the AWS account id.
# Amazon does not provide any easy way to get it.
ec2_conn = ec2.connect_to_region(region)
sg = ec2_conn.get_all_security_groups()
account_id = sg[0].owner_id
try:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region)
conn2 = rds2.connect_to_region(region) # To get RDS tags.
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
# NOTE: Boto 2.27.0 (latest as of 3/24/2014)
# is not able to get tags from RDS instances
# in a way like it can get EC2 tags.
# Until there is a better solution, the following works.
# Construct the ARN for this RDS instance,
# so we can get its tags.
arn = ':'.join([
'arn',
'aws',
'rds',
region,
account_id,
'db',
instance.id
])
# Get its raw tagset and
# standardize it to the way Boto presents
# EC2 tags.
tagset = conn2.list_tags_for_resource(arn)['ListTagsForResourceResponse']['ListTagsForResourceResult']['TagList']
instance.tags = {tag['Key']: tag['Value'] for tag in tagset}
self.add_rds_instance(instance, region)
except boto.exception.BotoServerError, e:
if not e.reason == "Forbidden":
print "Looks like AWS RDS is down: "
print e
sys.exit(1)
def __get_rds_instances_by_region(self, region):
''' Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular
region '''
try:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(
region,
aws_access_key_id=self.ec2_access_key,
aws_secret_access_key=self.ec2_secret_key)
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
yield instance
except boto.exception.BotoServerError as e:
print "RDS BotoServerError: "
print e
sys.exit(1)
def get_rds_instances_by_region(region, inventory, index, records=None):
"""
Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular
region
"""
try:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region)
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
add_rds_instance(instance, region, inventory, index, records)
except boto.exception.BotoServerError as e:
print "Looks like AWS RDS is down: "
print e
sys.exit(1)
def initialise_connections(region):
# FOR TESTING ON REMOTE MACHINE
# ec2connection = ec2.connect_to_region(region_name=region,
# aws_access_key_id=c.ACCESS_KEY_ID,
# aws_secret_access_key=c.SECRET_ACCESS_KEY)
# rds_connection = rds.connect_to_region(region_name=region,
# aws_access_key_id=c.ACCESS_KEY_ID,
# aws_secret_access_key=c.SECRET_ACCESS_KEY)
# cw_connection = cwatch.connect_to_region(region_name=region,
# aws_access_key_id=c.ACCESS_KEY_ID,
# aws_secret_access_key=c.SECRET_ACCESS_KEY)
ec2connection = ec2.connect_to_region(region_name=region,
profile_name=sys.argv[1])
rds_connection = rds.connect_to_region(region_name=region,
profile_name=sys.argv[1])
cw_connection = cwatch.connect_to_region(region_name=region,
profile_name=sys.argv[1])
mysql_connection = func.connect_to_mysql_server()
return ec2connection, rds_connection, cw_connection, mysql_connection
def create_rds_snapshot(access_key, secret_key, token):
print('*******************************Starting snapshot-rds***************************************')
password=raw_input("Enter RDS password for expoliting, Note that it does not prompt for old password!!!:")
region='ap-southeast-1'
rds_name='nimbostratus'
print('\n Access Key: %s \nsecret_key: %s, \ntoken: %s' %(access_key, secret_key, token))
try:
conn = connect_to_region(region,
aws_access_key_id=access_key,
aws_secret_access_key=secret_key,
security_token=token)
except Exception, e:
print('Failed to connect to RDS: "%s"' % e.error_message)
return
def get_running_instance_count(body):
"""Function to get running rds instance count
Args:
body (json string): post body in json string
Returns:
TYPE: Description
"""
body = dict(body)
conn = rds.connect_to_region(
region_name='us-west-2',
aws_access_key_id=body["aws_access_key_id"],
aws_secret_access_key=body["aws_secret_access_key"])
instance_status = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
running_instances = 0
for item in instance_status:
if (item.state_name == 'available'):
running_instances += 1
return {"data": running_instances}
def get_rds_instances_by_region(self, region, assumedRoleObject):
''' Makes an AWS API call to the list of RDS instances in a particular
region '''
try:
conn = rds.connect_to_region(region,
aws_access_key_id=assumedRoleObject.credentials.access_key,
aws_secret_access_key=assumedRoleObject.credentials.secret_key,
security_token=assumedRoleObject.credentials.session_token)
if conn:
instances = conn.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in instances:
self.add_rds_instance(instance, region)
except boto.exception.BotoServerError as e:
error = e.reason
if e.error_code == 'AuthFailure':
error = self.get_auth_error_message()
if not e.reason == "Forbidden":
error = "Looks like AWS RDS is down:\n%s" % e.message
self.fail_with_error(error)
def RdsList(RdsConn, Regions, Vpcid=''):
"""
Return list of AWSrds objects (optional filter by RDS instance)
"""
retlist = []
if type(Regions) is not list:
raise TypeError('Region needs to be a list')
for Reg in Regions:
_regConn = rds.connect_to_region(Reg)
get_allRds = _regConn.get_all_dbinstances()
for _rds in get_allRds:
# set Rds SubnetGroup dictionary #
dbSubDict = {'name': '', 'subnets': [], 'description': ''}
try:
if _rds.DBSubnetGroupName:
get_DbSubGrp = _regConn.get_all_db_subnet_groups(name=_rds.DBSubnetGroupName)
_g = get_DbSubGrp[0]
dbSubDict['name'] = _g.name
dbSubDict['description'] = _g.description
dbSubDict['subnets'] = _g.subnet_ids
except AttributeError as e:
pass
if Vpcid:
try:
if _rds.VpcId == Vpcid:
retlist.append(AWSrds(_rds, dbSubDict))
except AttributeError:
# VpcId Attribute only exists if Rds Object is in a VPC #
pass
elif not Vpcid:
retlist.append(AWSrds(_rds, dbSubDict))
return retlist
from fabric.operations import open_shell
from fabric.utils import puts, indent
from fabric.context_managers import prefix, settings, cd
from fabric.contrib.console import confirm
from fabric import colors
import boto
from boto import ec2, rds
from os import path, urandom
from hashlib import sha1
import time
import ConfigParser
import yaml
region = 'us-west-2'
ec2_connection = ec2.get_region(region).connect()
rds_connection = rds.connect_to_region(region)
env.security_group = 'wsgi_test' # wsgi_test
env.instance_type = 't1.micro'
env.keypair = 'wsgi_test'
env.user = '******'
env.key_filename = path.join('keypairs', 'wsgi_test.pem')
@task
def app(name):
env.name = name
env.hosts = get_instance_hostnames(name)
@task
def get_info(self):
## boto initial connection required before connecting to a region ##
boto.connect_vpc()
awsRegionConn = BotoVPC.connect_to_region(self.region)
for _vid in awsRegionConn.get_all_vpcs():
if _vid.id == self.vpc_id:
self._valid = True
self.cidr_block = _vid.cidr_block
self.region = _vid.region.name
for _sub in awsRegionConn.get_all_subnets(filters=[('vpcId',
_vid.id)]):
self.subnets[_sub.id] = {
'cidr': _sub.cidr_block,
'zone': _sub.availability_zone
}
if 'Name' in _vid.tags.keys():
self.name = _vid.tags['Name']
if 'Description' in _vid.tags.keys():
self.description = _vid.tags['Description']
for _sg in awsRegionConn.get_all_security_groups(
filters={'vpc_id': self.vpc_id}):
self.security_groups[_sg.id] = {
'name': _sg.name,
'description': _sg.description
}
for _resv in awsRegionConn.get_all_instances(
filters={'vpc_id': self.vpc_id}):
_inst = _resv.instances[0]
self.instances[_inst.id] = {
'private_ip': _inst.private_ip_address,
'public_ip': _inst.ip_address,
'state': _inst.state,
'subnet_id': _inst.subnet_id,
'type': _inst.instance_type,
'avail_zone': _inst.placement,
}
if 'Name' in _inst.tags.keys():
self.instances[_inst.id]['Name'] = _inst.tags['Name']
# get RDS info - Call is required before switching regions#
boto.connect_rds()
rdsRegionConn = BotoRDS.connect_to_region(self.region)
for _rds in rdsRegionConn.get_all_dbinstances():
try:
if _rds.VpcId == self.vpc_id:
self.rds[_rds.id] = {
'zone': _rds.availability_zone,
'class': _rds.instance_class,
'size': _rds.allocated_storage,
}
try:
self.rds[_rds.id]['db_name'] = _rds.DBName
except AttributeError as e:
self.rds[_rds.id]['db_name'] = ''
except AttributeError as e:
# VpcId attribute is not available if not in a VPC #
pass
if not self._valid:
raise VpcIdError("VpcId: %s Not found in AWS account!" %
(self.vpc_id))
def __init__(self, region, **kwargs):
self.conn = EC2Connection(region=get_region(region), **kwargs)
self.rds = connect_to_region(region, **kwargs)
from fabric.operations import open_shell
from fabric.utils import puts, indent
from fabric.context_managers import prefix, settings, cd
from fabric.contrib.console import confirm
from fabric import colors
import boto
from boto import ec2, rds
from os import path, urandom
from hashlib import sha1
import time
import ConfigParser
import yaml
region = 'us-west-2'
ec2_connection = ec2.get_region(region).connect()
rds_connection = rds.connect_to_region(region)
env.security_group = 'wsgi_test' # wsgi_test
env.instance_type = 't1.micro'
env.keypair = 'wsgi_test'
env.user = '******'
env.key_filename = path.join('keypairs', 'wsgi_test.pem')
@task
def app(name):
env.name = name
env.hosts = get_instance_hostnames(name)
@task
def launch(repo = 'https://github.com/mattupstate/ansible-tutorial.git', tags = 'setup,deploy'):
with settings(warn_only = True):
def __init__(self, aws_id, aws_secret_key, aws_region):
"""Sets aws rds connection."""
self.conn = rds.connect_to_region(
aws_region, aws_access_key_id=aws_id,
aws_secret_access_key=aws_secret_key)
def __init__(self, aws_id, aws_secret_key, aws_region):
"""Sets aws rds connection."""
self.conn = rds.connect_to_region(aws_region,
aws_access_key_id=aws_id,
aws_secret_access_key=aws_secret_key)
'''
README
@Vikash
This script will generate RDS Snapshot
'''
from boto import rds
from boto import vpc
import datetime
connection=rds.connect_to_region('us-east-1',aws_access_key_id='',aws_secret_access_key='')
dbInstances=connection.get_all_dbinstances()
for instance in dbInstances:
print "%s\t%s\t %s" %(instance.status,instance.endpoint,instance.id)
_date=(datetime.date.today().strftime("%d-%B-%Y"))
for instance in dbInstances:
instance.snapshot(instance.id+_date)
def get_connection():
c = connect_to_region(
config.region, aws_access_key_id=config.aws_access_key_id, aws_secret_access_key=config.aws_secret_access_key
)
return c
def get_ec2(self, config):
return rds.connect_to_region(self.get_region())
def __init__(self, region='us-east-1'):
self.region = region
self.ec2_conn = ec2.connect_to_region(self.region)
self.rds_conn = rds.connect_to_region(self.region)
def __init__(self, region, **kwargs):
self.conn = EC2Connection(region=get_region(region), **kwargs)
self.rds = connect_to_region(region, **kwargs)
''' Returns a connection object to AWS. Defaults,
service=ec2, region=us-east-1 '''
clean_env()
self.conf = '%s/%s/%s.ini' % (os.getenv('AWS_CRED_DIR'),
acct_name, acct_name)
try:
boto.config.load_credential_file(self.conf)
except IOError, msg:
print >> sys.stderr, 'ERROR: %s' % msg
return False
if service == 's3':
self.conn = s3.connect_to_region(region)
if service == 'ec2':
self.conn = ec2.connect_to_region(region)
if service == 'rds':
self.conn = rds.connect_to_region(region)
if service == 'rds2':
self.conn = rds2.connect_to_region(region)
if service == 'elb':
self.conn = elb.connect_to_region(region)
if service == 'sqs':
self.conn = sqs.connect_to_region(region)
if service == 'emr':
self.conn = emr.connect_to_region(region)
if service == 'route53':
self.conn = route53.connect_to_region(region)
if service == 'iam':
self.conn = iam.connect_to_region('universal')
if not self.conn:
print >> sys.stderr, 'ERROR: Unknown service'
return False