def __init__(self, genesis, key, network, env, time_offset=5):
# Create a chain object
self.chain = Chain(genesis, env=env)
# Use the validator's time as the chain's time
self.chain.time = lambda: self.get_timestamp()
# My private key
self.key = key
# My address
self.address = privtoaddr(key)
# My randao
self.randao = RandaoManager(sha3(self.key))
# Pointer to the test p2p network
self.network = network
# Record of objects already received and processed
self.received_objects = {}
# The minimum eligible timestamp given a particular number of skips
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = 0
# This validator's indices in the state
self.indices = None
# Is this validator active?
self.active = False
# Code that verifies signatures from this validator
self.validation_code = generate_validation_code(privtoaddr(key))
# Parents that this validator has already built a block on
self.used_parents = {}
# This validator's clock offset (for testing purposes)
self.time_offset = random.randrange(time_offset) - (time_offset // 2)
# Determine the epoch length
self.epoch_length = self.call_casper('getEpochLength')
# Give this validator a unique ID
self.id = len(ids)
ids.append(self.id)
self.find_my_indices()
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise RuntimeError(
"The database in '{}' was initialized as non-pruning. "
"Can not enable pruning now.".format(
self.config['data_dir']))
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise RuntimeError(
"The database in '{}' was initialized as pruning. "
"Can not disable pruning now".format(
self.config['data_dir']))
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
if 'network_id' in self.db:
db_network_id = self.db.get('network_id')
if db_network_id != str(sce['network_id']):
raise RuntimeError(
"The database in '{}' was initialized with network id {} and can not be used "
"when connecting to network id {}. Please choose a different data directory."
.format(self.config['data_dir'], db_network_id,
sce['network_id']))
else:
self.db.put('network_id', str(sce['network_id']))
self.db.commit()
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
env = Env(self.db, sce['block'])
self.chain = Chain(env,
new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
if 'genesis_hash' in sce:
assert sce['genesis_hash'] == self.chain.genesis.hex_hash(), \
"Genesis hash mismatch.\n Expected: %s\n Got: %s" % (
sce['genesis_hash'], self.chain.genesis.hex_hash())
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
def mine_next_block(parent, coinbase=None, transactions=[]):
if coinbase:
c = Chain(env=parent.env, genesis=parent, coinbase=coinbase)
else:
c = Chain(env=parent.env, genesis=parent)
for tx in transactions:
c.add_transaction(tx)
block = mine_on_chain(c)
return block
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as non-pruning."
" Kinda hard to start pruning now.")
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as pruning."
" Kinda hard to stop pruning now.")
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
if 'network_id' in self.db:
db_network_id = self.db.get('network_id')
if db_network_id != str(sce['network_id']):
raise Exception(
"This database was initialized with network_id {} "
"and can not be used when connecting to network_id {}".
format(db_network_id, sce['network_id']))
else:
self.db.put('network_id', str(sce['network_id']))
self.db.commit()
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
env = Env(self.db, sce['block'])
self.chain = Chain(env,
new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
if 'genesis_hash' in sce:
assert sce['genesis_hash'] == self.chain.genesis.hex_hash()
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
def test_add_side_chain(db, alt_db):
""""
Local: L0, L1, L2
add
Remote: R0, R1
"""
k, v, k2, v2 = accounts()
# Remote: mine one block
R0 = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=db)
store_block(R0)
tx0 = get_transaction(nonce=0)
R1 = mine_next_block(R0, transactions=[tx0])
store_block(R1)
assert tx0.hash in [x.hash for x in R1.get_transactions()]
# Local: mine two blocks
L0 = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, alt_db)
chain = Chain(env=env(L0.db), genesis=L0)
tx0 = get_transaction(nonce=0)
L1 = mine_next_block(L0, transactions=[tx0])
chain.add_block(L1)
tx1 = get_transaction(nonce=1)
L2 = mine_next_block(L1, transactions=[tx1])
chain.add_block(L2)
# receive serialized remote blocks, newest first
rlp_blocks = [rlp.encode(R0), rlp.encode(R1)]
for rlp_block in rlp_blocks:
block = blocks.Block.deserialize(rlp.decode(rlp_block), env=chain.env)
chain.add_block(block)
assert L2.hash in chain
def test_add_longer_side_chain(db, alt_db):
""""
Local: L0, L1, L2
Remote: R0, R1, R2, R3
"""
k, v, k2, v2 = accounts()
# Remote: mine one block
blk = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=db)
store_block(blk)
remote_blocks = [blk]
for i in range(3):
tx = get_transaction(nonce=i)
blk = mine_next_block(remote_blocks[-1], transactions=[tx])
store_block(blk)
remote_blocks.append(blk)
# Local: mine two blocks
L0 = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=alt_db)
chain = Chain(env=env(L0.db), genesis=L0)
tx0 = get_transaction(nonce=0)
L1 = mine_next_block(L0, transactions=[tx0])
chain.add_block(L1)
tx1 = get_transaction(nonce=1)
L2 = mine_next_block(L1, transactions=[tx1])
chain.add_block(L2)
# receive serialized remote blocks, newest first
rlp_blocks = [rlp.encode(x) for x in remote_blocks]
for rlp_block in rlp_blocks:
block = blocks.Block.deserialize(rlp.decode(rlp_block), env=chain.env)
chain.add_block(block)
assert chain.head == remote_blocks[-1]
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
self.chain = Chain(self.db, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.chain.coinbase = privtoaddr(
self.config['eth']['privkey_hex'].decode('hex'))
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
self.chain = Chain(self.db, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head, coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
def test_reward_uncles(db):
"""
B0 B1 B2
B0 Uncle
We raise the block's coinbase account by Rb, the block reward,
and also add uncle and nephew rewards
"""
k, v, k2, v2 = accounts()
blk0 = mkquickgenesis(db=db)
local_coinbase = decode_hex('1' * 40)
uncle_coinbase = decode_hex('2' * 40)
chain = Chain(env=env(blk0.db), genesis=blk0)
uncle = mine_on_chain(chain, blk0, coinbase=uncle_coinbase)
assert uncle.get_balance(uncle_coinbase) == 1 * chain.env.config['BLOCK_REWARD']
blk1 = mine_on_chain(chain, blk0, coinbase=local_coinbase)
assert blk1.hash in chain
assert uncle.hash in chain
assert uncle.hash != blk1.hash
assert chain.head == blk1
assert chain.head.get_balance(local_coinbase) == 1 * chain.env.config['BLOCK_REWARD']
assert chain.head.get_balance(uncle_coinbase) == 0
# next block should reward uncles
blk2 = mine_on_chain(chain, coinbase=local_coinbase)
assert blk2.get_parent().prevhash == uncle.prevhash
assert len(blk2.uncles) == 1
assert blk2 == chain.head
assert chain.head.get_balance(local_coinbase) == \
2 * chain.env.config['BLOCK_REWARD'] + chain.env.config['NEPHEW_REWARD']
assert chain.head.get_balance(uncle_coinbase) == chain.env.config['BLOCK_REWARD'] * 7 // 8
def get_chain(data_dir=default_data_dir):
"""
returns an ethereum.chain.Chain instance
"""
dbfile = os.path.join(data_dir, 'leveldb')
db = LevelDB(dbfile)
return Chain(Env(db))
def __init__(self, genesis, key, network, env, time_offset=5):
# Create a chain object
self.chain = Chain(genesis, env=env)
# Use the validator's time as the chain's time
self.chain.time = lambda: self.get_timestamp()
# My private key
self.key = key
# My address
self.address = privtoaddr(key)
# My randao
self.randao = RandaoManager(sha3(self.key))
# Pointer to the test p2p network
self.network = network
# Record of objects already received and processed
self.received_objects = {}
# The minimum eligible timestamp given a particular number of skips
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = 0
# This validator's indices in the state
self.indices = None
# Code that verifies signatures from this validator
self.validation_code = generate_validation_code(privtoaddr(key))
# Parents that this validator has already built a block on
self.used_parents = {}
# This validator's clock offset (for testing purposes)
self.time_offset = random.randrange(time_offset) - (time_offset // 2)
# Give this validator a unique ID
self.id = len(ids)
ids.append(self.id)
self.find_my_indices()
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
def test_add_longer_side_chain(db, alt_db):
""""
Local: L0, L1, L2
Remote: R0, R1, R2, R3
"""
k, v, k2, v2 = accounts()
# Remote: mine one block
blk = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=db)
store_block(blk)
remote_blocks = [blk]
for i in range(3):
tx = get_transaction(nonce=i)
blk = mine_next_block(remote_blocks[-1], transactions=[tx])
store_block(blk)
remote_blocks.append(blk)
# Local: mine two blocks
L0 = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=alt_db)
chain = Chain(env=env(L0.db), genesis=L0)
tx0 = get_transaction(nonce=0)
L1 = mine_next_block(L0, transactions=[tx0])
chain.add_block(L1)
tx1 = get_transaction(nonce=1)
L2 = mine_next_block(L1, transactions=[tx1])
chain.add_block(L2)
# receive serialized remote blocks, newest first
rlp_blocks = [rlp.encode(x) for x in remote_blocks]
for rlp_block in rlp_blocks:
block = blocks.Block.deserialize(rlp.decode(rlp_block), env=chain.env)
chain.add_block(block)
assert chain.head == remote_blocks[-1]
def test_add_side_chain(db, alt_db):
""""
Local: L0, L1, L2
add
Remote: R0, R1
"""
k, v, k2, v2 = accounts()
# Remote: mine one block
R0 = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=db)
store_block(R0)
tx0 = get_transaction(nonce=0)
R1 = mine_next_block(R0, transactions=[tx0])
store_block(R1)
assert tx0.hash in [x.hash for x in R1.get_transactions()]
# Local: mine two blocks
L0 = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, alt_db)
chain = Chain(env=env(L0.db), genesis=L0)
tx0 = get_transaction(nonce=0)
L1 = mine_next_block(L0, transactions=[tx0])
chain.add_block(L1)
tx1 = get_transaction(nonce=1)
L2 = mine_next_block(L1, transactions=[tx1])
chain.add_block(L2)
# receive serialized remote blocks, newest first
rlp_blocks = [rlp.encode(R0), rlp.encode(R1)]
for rlp_block in rlp_blocks:
block = blocks.Block.deserialize(rlp.decode(rlp_block), env=chain.env)
chain.add_block(block)
assert L2.hash in chain
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as non-pruning."
" Kinda hard to start pruning now.")
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as pruning."
" Kinda hard to stop pruning now.")
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
if 'network_id' in self.db:
db_network_id = self.db.get('network_id')
if db_network_id != str(sce['network_id']):
raise Exception("This database was initialized with network_id {} "
"and can not be used when connecting to network_id {}".format(
db_network_id, sce['network_id'])
)
else:
self.db.put('network_id', str(sce['network_id']))
self.db.commit()
assert self.db is not None
WiredService.__init__(self, app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
env = Env(self.db, sce['block'])
self.chain = Chain(env, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head, coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
if 'genesis_hash' in sce:
assert sce['genesis_hash'] == self.chain.genesis.hex_hash()
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.BoundedSemaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
# Consensus
self.consensus_contract = ConsensusContract(validators=self.config['hdc']['validators'])
self.consensus_manager = ConsensusManager(self, self.consensus_contract,
self.consensus_privkey)
# lock blocks that where proposed, so they don't get mutated
self.proposal_lock = ProposalLock()
assert not self.proposal_lock.is_locked()
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
self.chain = Chain(self.db, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self.chain)
self.chain.coinbase = privtoaddr(self.config['eth']['privkey_hex'].decode('hex'))
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as non-pruning."
" Kinda hard to start pruning now.")
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as pruning."
" Kinda hard to stop pruning now.")
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
if sce['genesis']:
log.info('loading genesis', path=sce['genesis'])
_json = json.load(open(sce['genesis']))
else:
log.info('loaded default genesis alloc')
_json = None
_genesis = genesis(self.db, json=_json)
log.info('created genesis block', hash=encode_hex(_genesis.hash))
self.chain = Chain(self.db,
genesis=_genesis,
new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as non-pruning."
" Kinda hard to start pruning now.")
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as pruning."
" Kinda hard to stop pruning now.")
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
if 'network_id' in self.db:
db_network_id = self.db.get('network_id')
if db_network_id != str(sce['network_id']):
raise Exception("This database was initialized with network_id {} "
"and can not be used when connecting to network_id {}".format(
db_network_id, sce['network_id'])
)
else:
self.db.put('network_id', str(sce['network_id']))
self.db.commit()
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
env = Env(self.db, sce['block'])
self.chain = Chain(env, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head, coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
if 'genesis_hash' in sce:
assert sce['genesis_hash'] == self.chain.genesis.hex_hash()
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
def test_genesis_chain(db):
k, v, k2, v2 = accounts()
blk = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=db)
chain = Chain(env=env(blk.db), genesis=blk)
assert chain.has_block(blk.hash)
assert blk.hash in chain
assert chain.get(blk.hash) == blk
assert chain.head == blk
assert chain.get_children(blk) == []
assert chain.get_uncles(blk) == []
assert chain.get_chain() == [blk]
assert chain.get_chain(blk.hash) == [blk]
assert chain.get_descendants(blk, count=10) == []
assert chain.index.has_block_by_number(0)
assert not chain.index.has_block_by_number(1)
assert chain.index.get_block_by_number(0) == blk.hash
with pytest.raises(KeyError):
chain.index.get_block_by_number(1)
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
self.chain = Chain(self.db, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.chain.coinbase = privtoaddr(self.config['eth']['privkey_hex'].decode('hex'))
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
def mine_next_block(parent, coinbase=None, transactions=[]):
if coinbase:
c = Chain(env=parent.env, genesis=parent, coinbase=coinbase)
else:
c = Chain(env=parent.env, genesis=parent)
for tx in transactions:
c.add_transaction(tx)
block = mine_on_chain(c)
return block
def test_genesis_chain(db):
k, v, k2, v2 = accounts()
blk = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=db)
chain = Chain(env=env(blk.db), genesis=blk)
assert chain.has_block(blk.hash)
assert blk.hash in chain
assert chain.get(blk.hash) == blk
assert chain.head == blk
assert chain.get_children(blk) == []
assert chain.get_uncles(blk) == []
assert chain.get_chain() == [blk]
assert chain.get_chain(blk.hash) == [blk]
assert chain.get_descendants(blk, count=10) == []
assert chain.index.has_block_by_number(0)
assert not chain.index.has_block_by_number(1)
assert chain.index.get_block_by_number(0) == blk.hash
with pytest.raises(KeyError):
chain.index.get_block_by_number(1)
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as non-pruning."
" Kinda hard to start pruning now.")
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as pruning."
" Kinda hard to stop pruning now.")
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
try:
_json = json.load(open(sce['genesis']))
log.info('loading genesis', filename=sce['genesis'])
except Exception as e:
log.warn(str(e))
_json = GENESIS_JSON
log.info('loaded default genesis alloc')
_genesis = genesis(self.db, json=_json)
log.info('created genesis block', hash=encode_hex(_genesis.hash))
self.chain = Chain(self.db, genesis=_genesis, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
_genesis = genesis(self.db, nonce=self.config['eth']['genesis_nonce'].decode('hex'))
self.chain = Chain(self.db, genesis=_genesis, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
def __init__(self, genesis, key, network, env, time_offset=5):
# Create a chain object
self.chain = Chain(genesis, env=env)
# Create a transaction queue
self.txqueue = TransactionQueue()
# Use the validator's time as the chain's time
self.chain.time = lambda: self.get_timestamp()
# My private key
self.key = key
# My address
self.address = privtoaddr(key)
# My randao
self.randao = RandaoManager(sha3(self.key))
# Pointer to the test p2p network
self.network = network
# Record of objects already received and processed
self.received_objects = {}
# The minimum eligible timestamp given a particular number of skips
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = 0
# Is this validator active?
self.active = False
# Code that verifies signatures from this validator
self.validation_code = generate_validation_code(privtoaddr(key))
# Validation code hash
self.vchash = sha3(self.validation_code)
# Parents that this validator has already built a block on
self.used_parents = {}
# This validator's clock offset (for testing purposes)
self.time_offset = random.randrange(time_offset) - (time_offset // 2)
# Determine the epoch length
self.epoch_length = self.call_casper('getEpochLength')
# My minimum gas price
self.mingasprice = 20 * 10**9
# Give this validator a unique ID
self.id = len(ids)
ids.append(self.id)
self.update_activity_status()
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
class ChainService(WiredService):
"""
Manages the chain and requests to it.
"""
# required by BaseService
name = 'chain'
default_config = dict(eth=dict(network_id=0, genesis_nonce=GENESIS_NONCE.encode('hex')))
# required by WiredService
wire_protocol = eth_protocol.ETHProtocol # create for each peer
# initialized after configure:
chain = None
genesis = None
synchronizer = None
config = None
block_queue_size = 1024
transaction_queue_size = 1024
processed_gas = 0
processed_elapsed = 0
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
_genesis = genesis(self.db, nonce=self.config['eth']['genesis_nonce'].decode('hex'))
self.chain = Chain(self.db, genesis=_genesis, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
# gevent.spawn(update_watcher, self)
@property
def is_syncing(self):
return self.synchronizer.synctask is not None
@property
def is_mining(self):
if 'pow' in self.app.services:
return self.app.services.pow.active
return False
def _on_new_head(self, block):
for cb in self.on_new_head_cbs:
cb(block)
self._on_new_head_candidate() # we implicitly have a new head_candidate
def _on_new_head_candidate(self):
for cb in self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs:
cb(self.chain.head_candidate)
def add_transaction(self, tx, origin=None):
log.debug('add_transaction', locked=self.add_transaction_lock.locked(), tx=tx)
assert isinstance(tx, Transaction)
assert origin is None or isinstance(origin, BaseProtocol)
if tx.hash in self.broadcast_filter:
log.debug('discarding known tx') # discard early
return
# validate transaction
try:
validate_transaction(self.chain.head_candidate, tx)
log.debug('valid tx, broadcasting')
self.broadcast_transaction(tx, origin=origin) # asap
except InvalidTransaction as e:
log.debug('invalid tx', error=e)
return
if origin is not None: # not locally added via jsonrpc
if not self.is_mining or self.is_syncing:
log.debug('discarding tx', syncing=self.is_syncing, mining=self.is_mining)
return
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
success = self.chain.add_transaction(tx)
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
if success:
self._on_new_head_candidate()
def add_block(self, t_block, proto):
"adds a block to the block_queue and spawns _add_block if not running"
self.block_queue.put((t_block, proto)) # blocks if full
if not self.add_blocks_lock:
self.add_blocks_lock = True # need to lock here (ctx switch is later)
gevent.spawn(self._add_blocks)
def add_mined_block(self, block):
log.debug('adding mined block', block=block)
assert isinstance(block, Block)
assert block.header.check_pow()
if self.chain.add_block(block):
log.debug('added', block=block, ts=time.time())
assert block == self.chain.head
self.broadcast_newblock(block, chain_difficulty=block.chain_difficulty())
def knows_block(self, block_hash):
"if block is in chain or in queue"
if block_hash in self.chain:
return True
# check if queued or processed
for i in range(len(self.block_queue.queue)):
if block_hash == self.block_queue.queue[i][0].header.hash:
return True
return False
def _add_blocks(self):
log.debug('add_blocks', qsize=self.block_queue.qsize(),
add_tx_lock=self.add_transaction_lock.locked())
assert self.add_blocks_lock is True
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
try:
while not self.block_queue.empty():
t_block, proto = self.block_queue.peek() # peek: knows_block while processing
if t_block.header.hash in self.chain:
log.warn('known block', block=t_block)
self.block_queue.get()
continue
if t_block.header.prevhash not in self.chain:
log.warn('missing parent', block=t_block)
self.block_queue.get()
continue
# FIXME, this is also done in validation and in synchronizer for new_blocks
if not t_block.header.check_pow():
log.warn('invalid pow', block=t_block, FIXME='ban node')
self.block_queue.get()
continue
try: # deserialize
st = time.time()
block = t_block.to_block(db=self.chain.db)
elapsed = time.time() - st
log.debug('deserialized', elapsed='%.4fs' % elapsed, ts=time.time(),
gas_used=block.gas_used, gpsec=self.gpsec(block.gas_used, elapsed))
except processblock.InvalidTransaction as e:
log.warn('invalid transaction', block=t_block, error=e, FIXME='ban node')
self.block_queue.get()
continue
except VerificationFailed as e:
log.warn('verification failed', error=e, FIXME='ban node')
self.block_queue.get()
continue
log.debug('adding', block=block, ts=time.time())
if self.chain.add_block(block, forward_pending_transactions=self.is_mining):
now = time.time()
log.debug('added', block=block, ts=now, txs=len(block.get_transactions()))
if t_block.newblock_timestamp:
total = now - t_block.newblock_timestamp
self.newblock_processing_times.append(total)
avg = statistics.mean(self.newblock_processing_times)
med = statistics.median(self.newblock_processing_times)
max_ = max(self.newblock_processing_times)
min_ = min(self.newblock_processing_times)
log.debug('processing time', last=total, avg=avg, max=max_, min=min_,
median=med)
else:
log.warn('could not add', block=block)
self.block_queue.get() # remove block from queue (we peeked only)
gevent.sleep(0.001)
finally:
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
def gpsec(self, gas_spent=0, elapsed=0):
if gas_spent:
self.processed_gas += gas_spent
self.processed_elapsed += elapsed
return int(self.processed_gas / (0.001 + self.processed_elapsed))
def broadcast_newblock(self, block, chain_difficulty=None, origin=None):
if not chain_difficulty:
assert block.hash in self.chain
chain_difficulty = block.chain_difficulty()
assert isinstance(block, (eth_protocol.TransientBlock, Block))
if self.broadcast_filter.update(block.header.hash):
log.debug('broadcasting newblock', origin=origin)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(eth_protocol.ETHProtocol, 'newblock', args=(block, chain_difficulty),
exclude_peers=[origin.peer] if origin else [])
else:
log.debug('already broadcasted block')
def broadcast_transaction(self, tx, origin=None):
assert isinstance(tx, Transaction)
if self.broadcast_filter.update(tx.hash):
log.debug('broadcasting tx', origin=origin)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(eth_protocol.ETHProtocol, 'transactions', args=(tx,),
exclude_peers=[origin.peer] if origin else [])
else:
log.debug('already broadcasted tx')
# wire protocol receivers ###########
def on_wire_protocol_start(self, proto):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_start', proto=proto)
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
# register callbacks
proto.receive_status_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_status)
proto.receive_transactions_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_transactions)
proto.receive_getblockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblockhashes)
proto.receive_blockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blockhashes)
proto.receive_getblocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblocks)
proto.receive_blocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blocks)
proto.receive_newblock_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_newblock)
proto.receive_newblockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_newblockhashes)
# send status
head = self.chain.head
proto.send_status(chain_difficulty=head.chain_difficulty(), chain_head_hash=head.hash,
genesis_hash=self.chain.genesis.hash)
def on_wire_protocol_stop(self, proto):
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_stop', proto=proto)
def on_receive_status(self, proto, eth_version, network_id, chain_difficulty, chain_head_hash,
genesis_hash):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('status received', proto=proto, eth_version=eth_version)
assert eth_version == proto.version, (eth_version, proto.version)
if network_id != self.config['eth'].get('network_id', proto.network_id):
log.warn("invalid network id", remote_network_id=network_id,
expected_network_id=self.config['eth'].get('network_id', proto.network_id))
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong network_id')
# check genesis
if genesis_hash != self.chain.genesis.hash:
log.warn("invalid genesis hash", remote_id=proto, genesis=genesis_hash.encode('hex'))
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong genesis block')
# request chain
self.synchronizer.receive_status(proto, chain_head_hash, chain_difficulty)
# send transactions
transactions = self.chain.get_transactions()
if transactions:
log.debug("sending transactions", remote_id=proto)
proto.send_transactions(*transactions)
# transactions
def on_receive_transactions(self, proto, transactions):
"receives rlp.decoded serialized"
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('remote_transactions_received', count=len(transactions), remote_id=proto)
for tx in transactions:
self.add_transaction(tx, origin=proto)
# blockhashes ###########
def on_newblockhashes(self, proto, newblockhashes):
"""
msg sent out if not the full block is propagated
chances are high, that we get the newblock, though.
"""
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("recv newnewblockhashes", num=len(newblockhashes), remote_id=proto)
self.synchronizer.receive_newblockhashes(proto, newblockhashes)
def on_receive_getblockhashes(self, proto, child_block_hash, count):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("handle_get_blockhashes", count=count, block_hash=encode_hex(child_block_hash))
max_hashes = min(count, self.wire_protocol.max_getblockhashes_count)
found = []
if child_block_hash not in self.chain:
log.debug("unknown block")
proto.send_blockhashes(*[])
return
last = child_block_hash
while len(found) < max_hashes:
try:
last = rlp.decode_lazy(self.chain.db.get(last))[0][0] # [head][prevhash]
except KeyError:
# this can happen if we started a chain download, which did not complete
# should not happen if the hash is part of the canonical chain
log.warn('KeyError in getblockhashes', hash=last)
break
if last:
found.append(last)
else:
break
log.debug("sending: found block_hashes", count=len(found))
proto.send_blockhashes(*found)
def on_receive_blockhashes(self, proto, blockhashes):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
if blockhashes:
log.debug("on_receive_blockhashes", count=len(blockhashes), remote_id=proto,
first=encode_hex(blockhashes[0]), last=encode_hex(blockhashes[-1]))
else:
log.debug("recv 0 remote block hashes, signifying genesis block")
self.synchronizer.receive_blockhashes(proto, blockhashes)
# blocks ################
def on_receive_getblocks(self, proto, blockhashes):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("on_receive_getblocks", count=len(blockhashes))
found = []
for bh in blockhashes[:self.wire_protocol.max_getblocks_count]:
try:
found.append(self.chain.db.get(bh))
except KeyError:
log.debug("unknown block requested", block_hash=encode_hex(bh))
if found:
log.debug("found", count=len(found))
proto.send_blocks(*found)
def on_receive_blocks(self, proto, transient_blocks):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
blk_number = max(x.header.number for x in transient_blocks) if transient_blocks else 0
log.debug("recv blocks", count=len(transient_blocks), remote_id=proto,
highest_number=blk_number)
if transient_blocks:
self.synchronizer.receive_blocks(proto, transient_blocks)
def on_receive_newblock(self, proto, block, chain_difficulty):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("recv newblock", block=block, remote_id=proto)
self.synchronizer.receive_newblock(proto, block, chain_difficulty)
class ChainService(WiredService):
"""
Manages the chain and requests to it.
"""
# required by BaseService
name = 'chain'
default_config = dict(eth=dict(privkey_hex=''))
# required by WiredService
wire_protocol = eth_protocol.ETHProtocol # create for each peer
# initialized after configure:
chain = None
genesis = None
miner = None
synchronizer = None
config = None
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
self.chain = Chain(self.db, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self.chain)
self.chain.coinbase = privtoaddr(self.config['eth']['privkey_hex'].decode('hex'))
def _on_new_head(self, block):
self.miner = Miner(self.chain.head_candidate)
# if we are not syncing, forward all blocks
if not self.synchronizer.synchronization_tasks:
log.debug("_on_new_head", block=block)
# signals.broadcast_new_block.send(sender=None, block=block) # FIXME
def loop_body(self):
ts = time.time()
pct_cpu = self.config['misc']['mining']
if pct_cpu > 0:
self.mine()
delay = (time.time() - ts) * (100. / pct_cpu - 1)
assert delay >= 0
time.sleep(min(delay, 1.))
else:
time.sleep(.01)
def mine(self):
block = self.miner.mine()
if block:
# create new block
assert self.chain.add_block(block), ("newly mined block is invalid!?", block)
def receive_chain(self, transient_blocks, proto=None, new_block=False):
_db = EphemDB()
# assuming to receive chain order w/ oldest block first
transient_blocks.sort(key=lambda x: x.header.number)
assert transient_blocks[0].header.number <= transient_blocks[-1].header.number
# notify syncer
self.synchronizer.received_blocks(proto, transient_blocks)
for t_block in transient_blocks: # oldest to newest
if t_block.header.hash in self.chain:
log.debug('known', block=t_block)
continue
if t_block.header.prevhash not in self.chain:
log.debug('unknown parent', block=t_block,
parent=t_block.header.prevhash.encode('hex'))
# FIXME: not properly handled if we receive a differnt chain?
# no problem with new getBlocks?
self.synchronizer.synchronize_unknown_block(proto, t_block.header.hash,
t_block=t_block)
continue
log.debug('checking pow', block=t_block)
if not t_block.header.check_pow(_db):
log.warn('invalid pow', block=t_block, proto=proto)
continue
# BROADCAST HERE !!!
log.debug('deserializing', block=t_block, gas_used=t_block.header.gas_used)
if t_block.header.prevhash == self.chain.head.hash:
log.trace('is child')
if t_block.header.prevhash == self.chain.genesis.hash:
log.trace('is child of genesis')
try:
# block = blocks.Block(t_block.header, t_block.transaction_list, t_block.uncles,
# db=self.chain.db)
st = time.time()
block = t_block.to_block(db=self.chain.db)
elapsed = time.time() - st
log.debug('deserialized', elapsed='%.2fs' % elapsed,
gas_used=block.gas_used, gpsec=int(block.gas_used / elapsed))
except processblock.InvalidTransaction as e:
# FIXME there might be another exception in
# blocks.deserializeChild when replaying transactions
# if this fails, we need to rewind state
log.warn('invalid transaction', block=t_block, error=e, proto=proto)
# stop current syncing of this chain and skip the child blocks
self.synchronizer.stop_synchronization(proto)
return
except blocks.UnknownParentException:
# gets never called # FIXME
log.debug('unknown parent', block=t_block)
if t_block.header.prevhash == blocks.GENESIS_PREVHASH:
log.warn('wrong genesis', block=t_block, proto=proto)
if proto is not None:
proto.send_disconnect(reason='Wrong genesis block')
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong genesis')
else: # should be a single newly mined block
assert t_block.header.prevhash not in self.chain
if t_block.header.prevhash == self.chain.genesis.hash:
print t_block.serialize().encode('hex')
assert t_block.header.prevhash != self.chain.genesis.hash
log.debug('unknown parent', block=t_block,
parent_hash=encode_hex(t_block.header.prevhash), remote_id=proto)
if len(transient_blocks) != 1:
# strange situation here.
# we receive more than 1 block, so it's not a single newly mined one
# sync/network/... failed to add the needed parent at some point
# well, this happens whenever we can't validate a block!
# we should disconnect!
log.warn(
'blocks received, but unknown parent.', num=len(transient_blocks))
if proto is not None:
# request chain for newest known hash
self.synchronizer.synchronize_unknown_block(
proto, transient_blocks[-1].header.hash, t_block=transient_blocks[-1])
break
if block.hash in self.chain:
log.debug('known', block=block)
else:
assert block.has_parent()
# assume single block is newly mined block
old_head_num = self.chain.head.number
success = self.chain.add_block(block)
if success:
log.debug('added', block=block)
else:
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('could not add block')
# broadcast
if block.number > old_head_num and new_block:
log.debug('broadcasting new head', block=block)
f = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
f(eth_protocol.ETHProtocol, 'newblock', args=(block, block.chain_difficulty()),
num_peers=None, exclude_protos=[proto])
# wire protocol receivers ###########
def on_wire_protocol_start(self, proto):
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_start', proto=proto)
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
# register callbacks
proto.receive_status_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_status)
proto.receive_transactions_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_transactions)
proto.receive_getblockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblockhashes)
proto.receive_blockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blockhashes)
proto.receive_getblocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblocks)
proto.receive_blocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blocks)
proto.receive_newblock_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_newblock)
# send status
head = self.chain.head
proto.send_status(total_difficulty=head.chain_difficulty(), chain_head_hash=head.hash,
genesis_hash=self.chain.genesis.hash)
def on_wire_protocol_stop(self, proto):
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_stop', proto=proto)
def on_receive_status(self, proto, eth_version, network_id, total_difficulty, chain_head_hash,
genesis_hash):
log.debug('status received', proto=proto, eth_version=eth_version)
assert eth_version == proto.version, (eth_version, proto.version)
if network_id != proto.network_id:
log.warn("invalid network id", remote_id=proto, network_id=network_id)
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong network_id')
# check genesis
if genesis_hash != self.chain.genesis.hash:
log.warn("invalid genesis hash", remote_id=proto, genesis=genesis_hash.encode('hex'))
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong genesis block')
# request chain
self.synchronizer.synchronize_status(proto, chain_head_hash, total_difficulty)
# send transactions
log.debug("sending transactions", remote_id=proto)
transactions = self.chain.get_transactions()
proto.send_transactions(*transactions)
# transactions
def on_receive_transactions(self, proto, transactions):
"receives rlp.decoded serialized"
log.debug('remote_transactions_received', count=len(transactions), remote_id=proto)
log.debug('skipping, FIXME')
return
for tx in transactions:
# fixme bloomfilter
self.chain.add_transaction(tx)
# blockhashes ###########
def on_receive_getblockhashes(self, proto, child_block_hash, count):
log.debug("handle_get_block_hashes", count=count, block_hash=encode_hex(child_block_hash))
max_hashes = min(count, MAX_GET_CHAIN_SEND_HASHES)
found = []
if child_block_hash not in self.chain:
log.debug("unknown block")
proto.send_blockhashes([])
last = self.chain.get(child_block_hash)
while len(found) < max_hashes:
if last.has_parent():
last = last.get_parent()
found.append(last.hash)
else:
break
log.debug("sending: found block_hashes", count=len(found))
proto.send_blockhashes(*found)
def on_receive_blockhashes(self, proto, block_hashes):
if block_hashes:
log.debug("on_receive_blockhashes", count=len(block_hashes), remote_id=proto,
first=encode_hex(block_hashes[0]), last=encode_hex(block_hashes[-1]))
else:
log.debug("recv 0 remote block hashes, signifying genesis block")
self.synchronizer.received_block_hashes(proto, block_hashes)
# blocks ################
def on_receive_getblocks(self, proto, block_hashes):
log.debug("on_receive_getblocks", count=len(block_hashes))
found = []
for bh in block_hashes[:MAX_GET_CHAIN_REQUEST_BLOCKS]:
if bh in self.chain:
found.append(self.chain.get(bh))
else:
log.debug("unknown block requested", block_hash=encode_hex(bh))
if found:
log.debug("found", count=len(found), first=found[0].hex_hash())
proto.send_blocks(*found)
def on_receive_blocks(self, proto, transient_blocks):
log.debug("recv remote blocks", count=len(transient_blocks), remote_id=proto,
highest_number=max(x.header.number for x in transient_blocks))
if transient_blocks:
self.receive_chain(transient_blocks, proto)
def on_receive_newblock(self, proto, block, total_difficulty):
log.debug("recv new remote block", block=block, remote_id=proto)
self.receive_chain([block], proto, new_block=True)
class Validator():
def __init__(self, genesis, key, network, env, time_offset=5):
# Create a chain object
self.chain = Chain(genesis, env=env)
# Use the validator's time as the chain's time
self.chain.time = lambda: self.get_timestamp()
# My private key
self.key = key
# My address
self.address = privtoaddr(key)
# My randao
self.randao = RandaoManager(sha3(self.key))
# Pointer to the test p2p network
self.network = network
# Record of objects already received and processed
self.received_objects = {}
# The minimum eligible timestamp given a particular number of skips
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = 0
# This validator's indices in the state
self.indices = None
# Is this validator active?
self.active = False
# Code that verifies signatures from this validator
self.validation_code = generate_validation_code(privtoaddr(key))
# Parents that this validator has already built a block on
self.used_parents = {}
# This validator's clock offset (for testing purposes)
self.time_offset = random.randrange(time_offset) - (time_offset // 2)
# Determine the epoch length
self.epoch_length = self.call_casper('getEpochLength')
# Give this validator a unique ID
self.id = len(ids)
ids.append(self.id)
self.find_my_indices()
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
def call_casper(self, fun, args=[]):
return call_casper(self.chain.state, fun, args)
def find_my_indices(self):
epoch = self.chain.state.block_number // self.epoch_length
print 'Finding indices for epoch %d' % epoch, self.call_casper(
'getEpoch')
for i in range(len(validator_sizes)):
valcount = self.call_casper('getHistoricalValidatorCount',
[epoch, i])
print i, valcount, self.call_casper('getHistoricalValidatorCount',
[0, i])
for j in range(valcount):
valcode = self.call_casper('getValidationCode', [i, j])
print(valcode, self.validation_code)
if valcode == self.validation_code:
self.indices = i, j
start = self.call_casper('getStartEpoch', [i, j])
end = self.call_casper('getEndEpoch', [i, j])
if start <= epoch < end:
self.active = True
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(
self.chain, self.next_skip_count)
print 'In current validator set at (%d, %d)' % (i, j)
return
else:
self.indices = None
self.active = False
self.next_skip_count, self.next_skip_timestamp = 0, 0
print 'Registered at (%d, %d) but not in current set' % (
i, j)
return
self.indices = None
self.active = False
self.next_skip_count, self.next_skip_timestamp = 0, 0
print 'Not in current validator set'
def get_uncles(self):
anc = self.chain.get_block(
self.chain.get_blockhash_by_number(self.chain.state.block_number -
CHECK_FOR_UNCLES_BACK))
if anc:
descendants = self.chain.get_descendants(anc)
else:
descendants = self.chain.get_descendants(
self.chain.db.get('GENESIS_HASH'))
potential_uncles = [
x for x in descendants
if x not in self.chain and isinstance(x, Block)
]
uncles = [
x.header for x in potential_uncles if not call_casper(
self.chain.state, 'isDunkleIncluded', [x.header.hash])
]
return uncles
def get_timestamp(self):
return int(self.network.time * 0.01) + self.time_offset
def on_receive(self, obj):
if isinstance(obj, list):
for _obj in obj:
self.on_receive(_obj)
return
if obj.hash in self.received_objects:
return
if isinstance(obj, Block):
print 'Receiving block', obj
assert obj.hash not in self.chain
block_success = self.chain.add_block(obj)
self.network.broadcast(self, obj)
self.network.broadcast(self, ChildRequest(obj.header.hash))
self.update_head()
elif isinstance(obj, Transaction):
if self.chain.add_transaction(obj):
self.network.broadcast(self, obj)
self.received_objects[obj.hash] = True
for x in self.chain.get_chain():
assert x.hash in self.received_objects
def tick(self):
# Try to create a block
# Conditions:
# (i) you are an active validator,
# (ii) you have not yet made a block with this parent
if self.indices and self.chain.head_hash not in self.used_parents:
t = self.get_timestamp()
# Is it early enough to create the block?
if t >= self.next_skip_timestamp and (
not self.chain.head
or t > self.chain.head.header.timestamp):
# Wrong validator; in this case, just wait for the next skip count
if not check_skips(self.chain, self.indices,
self.next_skip_count):
self.next_skip_count += 1
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(
self.chain, self.next_skip_count)
# print 'Incrementing proposed timestamp for block %d to %d' % \
# (self.chain.head.header.number + 1 if self.chain.head else 0, self.next_skip_timestamp)
return
self.used_parents[self.chain.head_hash] = True
# Simulated 15% chance of validator failure to make a block
if random.random() > 0.999:
print 'Simulating validator failure, block %d not created' % (
self.chain.head.header.number +
1 if self.chain.head else 0)
return
# Make the block, make sure it's valid
pre_dunkle_count = call_casper(self.chain.state,
'getTotalDunklesIncluded', [])
dunkle_txs = []
for i, u in enumerate(self.get_uncles()[:4]):
start_nonce = self.chain.state.get_nonce(self.address)
txdata = casper_ct.encode('includeDunkle', [rlp.encode(u)])
dunkle_txs.append(
Transaction(start_nonce + i, 0, 650000,
self.chain.config['CASPER_ADDR'], 0,
txdata).sign(self.key))
for dtx in dunkle_txs[::-1]:
self.chain.add_transaction(dtx, force=True)
blk = make_block(self.chain, self.key, self.randao,
self.indices, self.next_skip_count)
global global_block_counter
global_block_counter += 1
for dtx in dunkle_txs:
assert dtx in blk.transactions, (dtx, blk.transactions)
print 'made block with timestamp %d and %d dunkles' % (
blk.timestamp, len(dunkle_txs))
assert blk.timestamp >= self.next_skip_timestamp
assert self.chain.add_block(blk)
self.update_head()
post_dunkle_count = call_casper(self.chain.state,
'getTotalDunklesIncluded', [])
assert post_dunkle_count - pre_dunkle_count == len(dunkle_txs)
self.received_objects[blk.hash] = True
print 'Validator %d making block %d (%s)' % (
self.id, blk.header.number,
blk.header.hash[:8].encode('hex'))
self.network.broadcast(self, blk)
# Sometimes we received blocks too early or out of order;
# run an occasional loop that processes these
if random.random() < 0.02:
self.chain.process_time_queue()
self.chain.process_parent_queue()
self.update_head()
def update_head(self):
if self.cached_head == self.chain.head_hash:
return
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
if self.chain.state.block_number % self.epoch_length == 0:
self.find_my_indices()
if self.indices:
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(self.chain,
self.next_skip_count)
print 'Head changed: %s, will attempt creating a block at %d' % (
self.chain.head_hash.encode('hex'), self.next_skip_timestamp)
def withdraw(self, gasprice=20 * 10**9):
h = sha3(b'withdrawwithdrawwithdrawwithdraw')
v, r, s = ecsign(h, self.key)
sigdata = encode_int32(v) + encode_int32(r) + encode_int32(s)
txdata = casper_ct.encode('startWithdrawal',
[self.indices[0], self.indices[1], sigdata])
tx = Transaction(self.chain.state.get_nonce(self.address), gasprice,
650000, self.chain.config['CASPER_ADDR'], 0,
txdata).sign(self.key)
self.chain.add_transaction(tx)
self.network.broadcast(self, tx)
print 'Withdrawing!'
class ChainService(WiredService):
"""
Manages the chain and requests to it.
"""
# required by BaseService
name = 'chain'
default_config = dict(eth=dict(network_id=0, genesis='', pruning=-1),
block=ethereum_config.default_config)
# required by WiredService
wire_protocol = eth_protocol.ETHProtocol # create for each peer
# initialized after configure:
chain = None
genesis = None
synchronizer = None
config = None
block_queue_size = 1024
transaction_queue_size = 1024
processed_gas = 0
processed_elapsed = 0
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as non-pruning."
" Kinda hard to start pruning now.")
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as pruning."
" Kinda hard to stop pruning now.")
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
if 'network_id' in self.db:
db_network_id = self.db.get('network_id')
if db_network_id != str(sce['network_id']):
raise Exception(
"This database was initialized with network_id {} "
"and can not be used when connecting to network_id {}".
format(db_network_id, sce['network_id']))
else:
self.db.put('network_id', str(sce['network_id']))
self.db.commit()
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
env = Env(self.db, sce['block'])
self.chain = Chain(env,
new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
if 'genesis_hash' in sce:
assert sce['genesis_hash'] == self.chain.genesis.hex_hash()
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
@property
def is_syncing(self):
return self.synchronizer.synctask is not None
@property
def is_mining(self):
if 'pow' in self.app.services:
return self.app.services.pow.active
return False
def _on_new_head(self, block):
# DEBUG('new head cbs', len(self.on_new_head_cbs))
for cb in self.on_new_head_cbs:
cb(block)
self._on_new_head_candidate(
) # we implicitly have a new head_candidate
def _on_new_head_candidate(self):
# DEBUG('new head candidate cbs', len(self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs))
for cb in self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs:
cb(self.chain.head_candidate)
def add_transaction(self, tx, origin=None):
if self.is_syncing:
return # we can not evaluate the tx based on outdated state
log.debug('add_transaction',
locked=self.add_transaction_lock.locked(),
tx=tx)
assert isinstance(tx, Transaction)
assert origin is None or isinstance(origin, BaseProtocol)
if tx.hash in self.broadcast_filter:
log.debug('discarding known tx') # discard early
return
# validate transaction
try:
validate_transaction(self.chain.head_candidate, tx)
log.debug('valid tx, broadcasting')
self.broadcast_transaction(tx, origin=origin) # asap
except InvalidTransaction as e:
log.debug('invalid tx', error=e)
return
if origin is not None: # not locally added via jsonrpc
if not self.is_mining or self.is_syncing:
log.debug('discarding tx',
syncing=self.is_syncing,
mining=self.is_mining)
return
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
success = self.chain.add_transaction(tx)
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
if success:
self._on_new_head_candidate()
def add_block(self, t_block, proto):
"adds a block to the block_queue and spawns _add_block if not running"
self.block_queue.put((t_block, proto)) # blocks if full
if not self.add_blocks_lock:
self.add_blocks_lock = True # need to lock here (ctx switch is later)
gevent.spawn(self._add_blocks)
def add_mined_block(self, block):
log.debug('adding mined block', block=block)
assert isinstance(block, Block)
assert block.header.check_pow()
if self.chain.add_block(block):
log.debug('added', block=block, ts=time.time())
assert block == self.chain.head
self.broadcast_newblock(block,
chain_difficulty=block.chain_difficulty())
def knows_block(self, block_hash):
"if block is in chain or in queue"
if block_hash in self.chain:
return True
# check if queued or processed
for i in range(len(self.block_queue.queue)):
if block_hash == self.block_queue.queue[i][0].header.hash:
return True
return False
def _add_blocks(self):
log.debug('add_blocks',
qsize=self.block_queue.qsize(),
add_tx_lock=self.add_transaction_lock.locked())
assert self.add_blocks_lock is True
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
try:
while not self.block_queue.empty():
t_block, proto = self.block_queue.peek(
) # peek: knows_block while processing
if t_block.header.hash in self.chain:
log.warn('known block', block=t_block)
self.block_queue.get()
continue
if t_block.header.prevhash not in self.chain:
log.warn('missing parent',
block=t_block,
head=self.chain.head)
self.block_queue.get()
continue
# FIXME, this is also done in validation and in synchronizer for new_blocks
if not t_block.header.check_pow():
log.warn('invalid pow', block=t_block, FIXME='ban node')
sentry.warn_invalid(t_block, 'InvalidBlockNonce')
self.block_queue.get()
continue
try: # deserialize
st = time.time()
block = t_block.to_block(env=self.chain.env)
elapsed = time.time() - st
log.debug('deserialized',
elapsed='%.4fs' % elapsed,
ts=time.time(),
gas_used=block.gas_used,
gpsec=self.gpsec(block.gas_used, elapsed))
except processblock.InvalidTransaction as e:
log.warn('invalid transaction',
block=t_block,
error=e,
FIXME='ban node')
errtype = \
'InvalidNonce' if isinstance(e, InvalidNonce) else \
'NotEnoughCash' if isinstance(e, InsufficientBalance) else \
'OutOfGasBase' if isinstance(e, InsufficientStartGas) else \
'other_transaction_error'
sentry.warn_invalid(t_block, errtype)
self.block_queue.get()
continue
except VerificationFailed as e:
log.warn('verification failed', error=e, FIXME='ban node')
sentry.warn_invalid(t_block, 'other_block_error')
self.block_queue.get()
continue
# Check canary
score = 0
for address in canary_addresses:
if block.get_storage_data(address, 1) > 0:
score += 1
if score >= 2:
log.warn('canary triggered')
continue
# All checks passed
log.debug('adding', block=block, ts=time.time())
if self.chain.add_block(
block, forward_pending_transactions=self.is_mining):
now = time.time()
log.info('added',
block=block,
txs=block.transaction_count,
gas_used=block.gas_used)
if t_block.newblock_timestamp:
total = now - t_block.newblock_timestamp
self.newblock_processing_times.append(total)
avg = statistics.mean(self.newblock_processing_times)
med = statistics.median(self.newblock_processing_times)
max_ = max(self.newblock_processing_times)
min_ = min(self.newblock_processing_times)
log.info('processing time',
last=total,
avg=avg,
max=max_,
min=min_,
median=med)
else:
log.warn('could not add', block=block)
self.block_queue.get(
) # remove block from queue (we peeked only)
gevent.sleep(0.001)
finally:
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
def gpsec(self, gas_spent=0, elapsed=0):
if gas_spent:
self.processed_gas += gas_spent
self.processed_elapsed += elapsed
return int(self.processed_gas / (0.001 + self.processed_elapsed))
def broadcast_newblock(self, block, chain_difficulty=None, origin=None):
if not chain_difficulty:
assert block.hash in self.chain
chain_difficulty = block.chain_difficulty()
assert isinstance(block, (eth_protocol.TransientBlock, Block))
if self.broadcast_filter.update(block.header.hash):
log.debug('broadcasting newblock', origin=origin)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(eth_protocol.ETHProtocol,
'newblock',
args=(block, chain_difficulty),
exclude_peers=[origin.peer] if origin else [])
else:
log.debug('already broadcasted block')
def broadcast_transaction(self, tx, origin=None):
assert isinstance(tx, Transaction)
if self.broadcast_filter.update(tx.hash):
log.debug('broadcasting tx', origin=origin)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(eth_protocol.ETHProtocol,
'transactions',
args=(tx, ),
exclude_peers=[origin.peer] if origin else [])
else:
log.debug('already broadcasted tx')
# wire protocol receivers ###########
def on_wire_protocol_start(self, proto):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_start', proto=proto)
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
# register callbacks
proto.receive_status_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_status)
proto.receive_transactions_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_transactions)
proto.receive_getblockhashes_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_getblockhashes)
proto.receive_blockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blockhashes)
proto.receive_getblocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblocks)
proto.receive_blocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blocks)
proto.receive_newblock_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_newblock)
proto.receive_newblockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_newblockhashes)
# send status
head = self.chain.head
proto.send_status(chain_difficulty=head.chain_difficulty(),
chain_head_hash=head.hash,
genesis_hash=self.chain.genesis.hash)
def on_wire_protocol_stop(self, proto):
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_stop', proto=proto)
def on_receive_status(self, proto, eth_version, network_id,
chain_difficulty, chain_head_hash, genesis_hash):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('status received', proto=proto, eth_version=eth_version)
assert eth_version == proto.version, (eth_version, proto.version)
if network_id != self.config['eth'].get('network_id',
proto.network_id):
log.warn("invalid network id",
remote_network_id=network_id,
expected_network_id=self.config['eth'].get(
'network_id', proto.network_id))
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong network_id')
# check genesis
if genesis_hash != self.chain.genesis.hash:
log.warn("invalid genesis hash",
remote_id=proto,
genesis=genesis_hash.encode('hex'))
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong genesis block')
# request chain
self.synchronizer.receive_status(proto, chain_head_hash,
chain_difficulty)
# send transactions
transactions = self.chain.get_transactions()
if transactions:
log.debug("sending transactions", remote_id=proto)
proto.send_transactions(*transactions)
# transactions
def on_receive_transactions(self, proto, transactions):
"receives rlp.decoded serialized"
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('remote_transactions_received',
count=len(transactions),
remote_id=proto)
for tx in transactions:
self.add_transaction(tx, origin=proto)
# blockhashes ###########
def on_newblockhashes(self, proto, newblockhashes):
"""
msg sent out if not the full block is propagated
chances are high, that we get the newblock, though.
"""
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("recv newnewblockhashes",
num=len(newblockhashes),
remote_id=proto)
assert len(newblockhashes) <= 32
self.synchronizer.receive_newblockhashes(proto, newblockhashes)
def on_receive_getblockhashes(self, proto, child_block_hash, count):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("handle_get_blockhashes",
count=count,
block_hash=encode_hex(child_block_hash))
max_hashes = min(count, self.wire_protocol.max_getblockhashes_count)
found = []
if child_block_hash not in self.chain:
log.debug("unknown block")
proto.send_blockhashes(*[])
return
last = child_block_hash
while len(found) < max_hashes:
try:
last = rlp.decode_lazy(
self.chain.db.get(last))[0][0] # [head][prevhash]
except KeyError:
# this can happen if we started a chain download, which did not complete
# should not happen if the hash is part of the canonical chain
log.warn('KeyError in getblockhashes', hash=last)
break
if last:
found.append(last)
else:
break
log.debug("sending: found block_hashes", count=len(found))
proto.send_blockhashes(*found)
def on_receive_blockhashes(self, proto, blockhashes):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
if blockhashes:
log.debug("on_receive_blockhashes",
count=len(blockhashes),
remote_id=proto,
first=encode_hex(blockhashes[0]),
last=encode_hex(blockhashes[-1]))
else:
log.debug("recv 0 remote block hashes, signifying genesis block")
self.synchronizer.receive_blockhashes(proto, blockhashes)
# blocks ################
def on_receive_getblocks(self, proto, blockhashes):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("on_receive_getblocks", count=len(blockhashes))
found = []
for bh in blockhashes[:self.wire_protocol.max_getblocks_count]:
try:
found.append(self.chain.db.get(bh))
except KeyError:
log.debug("unknown block requested", block_hash=encode_hex(bh))
if found:
log.debug("found", count=len(found))
proto.send_blocks(*found)
def on_receive_blocks(self, proto, transient_blocks):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
blk_number = max(x.header.number
for x in transient_blocks) if transient_blocks else 0
log.debug("recv blocks",
count=len(transient_blocks),
remote_id=proto,
highest_number=blk_number)
if transient_blocks:
self.synchronizer.receive_blocks(proto, transient_blocks)
def on_receive_newblock(self, proto, block, chain_difficulty):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("recv newblock", block=block, remote_id=proto)
self.synchronizer.receive_newblock(proto, block, chain_difficulty)
def on_receive_getblockheaders(self, proto, blockhashes):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("on_receive_getblockheaders", count=len(blockhashes))
found = []
for bh in blockhashes[:self.wire_protocol.max_getblocks_count]:
try:
found.append(rlp.encode(rlp.decode(self.chain.db.get(bh))[0]))
except KeyError:
log.debug("unknown block requested", block_hash=encode_hex(bh))
if found:
log.debug("found", count=len(found))
proto.send_blockheaders(*found)
def on_receive_blockheaders(self, proto, transient_blocks):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
pass
# TODO: implement headers first syncing
def on_receive_hashlookup(self, proto, hashes):
found = []
for h in hashes:
try:
found.append(
utils.encode_hex(
self.chain.db.get('node:' + utils.decode_hex(h))))
except KeyError:
found.append('')
proto.send_hashlookupresponse(h)
def on_receive_hashlookupresponse(self, proto, hashresponses):
pass
class ChainService(WiredService):
"""
Manages the chain and requests to it.
"""
# required by BaseService
name = 'chain'
default_config = dict(eth=dict(privkey_hex=''))
# required by WiredService
wire_protocol = eth_protocol.ETHProtocol # create for each peer
# initialized after configure:
chain = None
genesis = None
synchronizer = None
config = None
block_queue_size = 1024
transaction_queue_size = 1024
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
self.chain = Chain(self.db, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.chain.coinbase = privtoaddr(
self.config['eth']['privkey_hex'].decode('hex'))
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
def _on_new_head(self, block):
pass
def add_block(self, t_block, proto):
"adds a block to the block_queue and spawns _add_block if not running"
self.block_queue.put((t_block, proto)) # blocks if full
if not self.add_blocks_lock:
self.add_blocks_lock = True
gevent.spawn(self._add_blocks)
def _add_blocks(self):
log.debug('add_blocks', qsize=self.block_queue.qsize())
try:
while not self.block_queue.empty():
t_block, proto = self.block_queue.get()
if t_block.header.hash in self.chain:
log.warn('known block', block=t_block)
continue
if t_block.header.prevhash not in self.chain:
log.warn('missing parent', block=t_block)
continue
if not t_block.header.check_pow():
log.warn('invalid pow', block=t_block)
# FIXME ban node
continue
try: # deserialize
st = time.time()
block = t_block.to_block(db=self.chain.db)
elapsed = time.time() - st
log.debug('deserialized',
elapsed='%.2fs' % elapsed,
gas_used=block.gas_used,
gpsec=int(block.gas_used / elapsed))
except processblock.InvalidTransaction as e:
log.warn('invalid transaction', block=t_block, error=e)
# FIXME ban node
continue
if self.chain.add_block(block):
log.debug('added', block=block)
gevent.sleep(0.001)
finally:
self.add_blocks_lock = False
def broadcast_newblock(self, block, chain_difficulty, origin=None):
assert isinstance(block, eth_protocol.TransientBlock)
if self.broadcast_filter.known(block.header.hash):
log.debug('already broadcasted block')
else:
log.debug('broadcasting newblock', origin=origin)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(eth_protocol.ETHProtocol,
'newblock',
args=(block, chain_difficulty),
num_peers=None,
exclude_protos=[origin])
# wire protocol receivers ###########
def on_wire_protocol_start(self, proto):
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_start', proto=proto)
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
# register callbacks
proto.receive_status_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_status)
proto.receive_transactions_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_transactions)
proto.receive_getblockhashes_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_getblockhashes)
proto.receive_blockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blockhashes)
proto.receive_getblocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblocks)
proto.receive_blocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blocks)
proto.receive_newblock_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_newblock)
# send status
head = self.chain.head
proto.send_status(chain_difficulty=head.chain_difficulty(),
chain_head_hash=head.hash,
genesis_hash=self.chain.genesis.hash)
def on_wire_protocol_stop(self, proto):
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_stop', proto=proto)
def on_receive_status(self, proto, eth_version, network_id,
chain_difficulty, chain_head_hash, genesis_hash):
log.debug('status received', proto=proto, eth_version=eth_version)
assert eth_version == proto.version, (eth_version, proto.version)
if network_id != proto.network_id:
log.warn("invalid network id",
remote_id=proto.network_id,
network_id=network_id)
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong network_id')
# check genesis
if genesis_hash != self.chain.genesis.hash:
log.warn("invalid genesis hash",
remote_id=proto,
genesis=genesis_hash.encode('hex'))
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong genesis block')
# request chain
self.synchronizer.receive_status(proto, chain_head_hash,
chain_difficulty)
# send transactions
transactions = self.chain.get_transactions()
if transactions:
log.debug("sending transactions", remote_id=proto)
proto.send_transactions(*transactions)
# transactions
def on_receive_transactions(self, proto, transactions):
"receives rlp.decoded serialized"
log.debug('remote_transactions_received',
count=len(transactions),
remote_id=proto)
log.debug('skipping, FIXME')
return
for tx in transactions:
# fixme bloomfilter
self.chain.add_transaction(tx)
# blockhashes ###########
def on_receive_getblockhashes(self, proto, child_block_hash, count):
log.debug("handle_get_blockhashes",
count=count,
block_hash=encode_hex(child_block_hash))
max_hashes = min(count, self.wire_protocol.max_getblockhashes_count)
found = []
if child_block_hash not in self.chain:
log.debug("unknown block")
proto.send_blockhashes(*[])
return
last = child_block_hash
while len(found) < max_hashes:
last = rlp.decode_lazy(self.chain.db.get(last))[0][0]
if last:
found.append(last)
else:
break
log.debug("sending: found block_hashes", count=len(found))
proto.send_blockhashes(*found)
def on_receive_blockhashes(self, proto, blockhashes):
if blockhashes:
log.debug("on_receive_blockhashes",
count=len(blockhashes),
remote_id=proto,
first=encode_hex(blockhashes[0]),
last=encode_hex(blockhashes[-1]))
else:
log.debug("recv 0 remote block hashes, signifying genesis block")
self.synchronizer.receive_blockhashes(proto, blockhashes)
# blocks ################
def on_receive_getblocks(self, proto, blockhashes):
log.debug("on_receive_getblocks", count=len(blockhashes))
found = []
for bh in blockhashes[:self.wire_protocol.max_getblocks_count]:
try:
found.append(self.chain.db.get(bh))
except KeyError:
log.debug("unknown block requested", block_hash=encode_hex(bh))
if found:
log.debug("found", count=len(found))
proto.send_blocks(*found)
def on_receive_blocks(self, proto, transient_blocks):
log.debug("recv blocks",
count=len(transient_blocks),
remote_id=proto,
highest_number=max(x.header.number
for x in transient_blocks))
if transient_blocks:
self.synchronizer.receive_blocks(proto, transient_blocks)
def on_receive_newblock(self, proto, block, chain_difficulty):
log.debug("recv newblock", block=block, remote_id=proto)
self.synchronizer.receive_newblock(proto, block, chain_difficulty)
class ChainService(eth_ChainService):
"""
Manages the chain and requests to it.
"""
# required by BaseService
name = 'chain'
default_config = dict(
eth=dict(network_id=0,
genesis='',
pruning=-1,
block=ethereum_config.default_config),
hdc=dict(validators=[]),
)
# required by WiredService
wire_protocol = HDCProtocol # create for each peer
# initialized after configure:
chain = None
genesis = None
synchronizer = None
config = None
block_queue_size = 1024
transaction_queue_size = 1024
processed_gas = 0
processed_elapsed = 0
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as non-pruning."
" Kinda hard to start pruning now.")
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as pruning."
" Kinda hard to stop pruning now.")
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
if 'network_id' in self.db:
db_network_id = self.db.get('network_id')
if db_network_id != str(sce['network_id']):
raise Exception(
"This database was initialized with network_id {} "
"and can not be used when connecting to network_id {}".
format(db_network_id, sce['network_id']))
else:
self.db.put('network_id', str(sce['network_id']))
self.db.commit()
assert self.db is not None
WiredService.__init__(self, app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
env = Env(self.db, sce['block'])
self.chain = Chain(env,
new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
if 'genesis_hash' in sce:
assert sce['genesis_hash'] == self.chain.genesis.hex_hash()
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.BoundedSemaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
# Consensus
self.consensus_contract = ConsensusContract(
validators=self.config['hdc']['validators'])
self.consensus_manager = ConsensusManager(self,
self.consensus_contract,
self.consensus_privkey)
# lock blocks that where proposed, so they don't get mutated
self.proposal_lock = ProposalLock()
assert not self.proposal_lock.is_locked()
def start(self):
super(ChainService, self).start()
self.consensus_manager.process()
gevent.spawn(self.announce)
def announce(self):
while not self.consensus_manager.is_ready:
self.consensus_manager.send_ready()
gevent.sleep(0.5)
# interface accessed by ConensusManager
def log(self, msg, *args, **kargs):
log.debug(msg, *args, **kargs)
@property
def consensus_privkey(self):
return self.app.services.accounts[0].privkey
def sign(self, obj):
assert isinstance(obj, Signed)
obj.sign(self.consensus_privkey)
@property
def now(self):
return time.time()
def setup_alarm(self, delay, cb, *args):
log.debug('setting up alarm')
def _trigger():
gevent.sleep(delay)
log.debug('alarm triggered')
cb(*args)
gevent.spawn(_trigger)
def setup_transaction_alarm(self, cb, *args):
log.debug('setting up alarm')
class Trigger(object):
def __call__(me, blk):
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs.remove(me)
log.debug('transaction alarm triggered')
cb(*args)
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs.append(Trigger())
def commit_block(self, blk):
assert isinstance(blk.header, HDCBlockHeader)
log.debug('trying to acquire transaction lock')
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
success = self.chain.add_block(blk, forward_pending_transactions=True)
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
log.debug('transaction lock release')
log.info('new head', head=self.chain.head)
return success
def link_block(self, t_block):
assert isinstance(t_block.header, HDCBlockHeader)
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
block = self._link_block(t_block)
if not block:
return
assert block.get_parent() == self.chain.head, (block.get_parent(),
self.chain.head)
assert block.header.coinbase == t_block.header.coinbase
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
return block
def _link_block(self, t_block):
assert isinstance(t_block.header, HDCBlockHeader)
if t_block.header.hash in self.chain:
log.warn('known block', block=t_block)
return
if t_block.header.prevhash not in self.chain:
log.warn('missing parent',
block=t_block,
head=self.chain.head,
prevhash=phx(t_block.header.prevhash))
return
if isinstance(t_block, Block):
return True # already deserialized
try: # deserialize
st = time.time()
block = t_block.to_block(env=self.chain.env)
elapsed = time.time() - st
log.debug('deserialized',
elapsed='%.4fs' % elapsed,
ts=time.time(),
gas_used=block.gas_used,
gpsec=self.gpsec(block.gas_used, elapsed))
assert block.header.check_pow()
except processblock.InvalidTransaction as e:
log.warn('invalid transaction',
block=t_block,
error=e,
FIXME='ban node')
return
except VerificationFailed as e:
log.warn('verification failed', error=e, FIXME='ban node')
return
return block
def add_transaction(self, tx, origin=None, force_broadcast=False):
"""
Warning:
Locking proposal_lock may block incoming events which are necessary to unlock!
I.e. votes / blocks!
Take care!
"""
self.consensus_manager.log('add_transaction',
blk=self.chain.head_candidate,
lock=self.proposal_lock)
log.debug('add_transaction', lock=self.proposal_lock)
block = self.proposal_lock.block
self.proposal_lock.acquire()
self.consensus_manager.log('add_transaction acquired lock',
lock=self.proposal_lock)
assert not hasattr(self.chain.head_candidate, 'should_be_locked')
super(ChainService, self).add_transaction(tx, origin, force_broadcast)
if self.proposal_lock.is_locked(
): # can be unlock if we are at a new block
self.proposal_lock.release(if_block=block)
log.debug('added transaction',
num_txs=self.chain.head_candidate.num_transactions())
def _on_new_head(self, blk):
self.release_proposal_lock(blk)
super(ChainService, self)._on_new_head(blk)
def set_proposal_lock(self, blk):
log.debug('set_proposal_lock', locked=self.proposal_lock)
if not self.proposal_lock.is_locked():
self.proposal_lock.acquire()
self.proposal_lock.block = blk
assert self.proposal_lock.is_locked() # can not be aquired
log.debug('did set_proposal_lock', lock=self.proposal_lock)
def release_proposal_lock(self, blk):
log.debug('releasing proposal_lock', lock=self.proposal_lock)
if self.proposal_lock.is_locked():
if self.proposal_lock.height <= blk.number:
assert self.chain.head_candidate.number > self.proposal_lock.height
assert not hasattr(self.chain.head_candidate,
'should_be_locked')
assert not isinstance(self.chain.head_candidate.header,
HDCBlockHeader)
self.proposal_lock.release()
log.debug('released')
assert not self.proposal_lock.is_locked()
else:
log.debug('could not release',
head=blk,
lock=self.proposal_lock)
###############################################################################
@property
def is_syncing(self):
return self.consensus_manager.synchronizer.is_syncing
@property
def is_mining(self):
return self.chain.coinbase in self.config['hdc']['validators']
# wire protocol receivers ###########
# transactions
def on_receive_transactions(self, proto, transactions):
"receives rlp.decoded serialized"
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('remote_transactions_received',
count=len(transactions),
remote_id=proto)
def _add_txs():
for tx in transactions:
self.add_transaction(tx, origin=proto)
gevent.spawn(
_add_txs
) # so the locks in add_transaction won't lock the connection
# blocks / proposals ################
def on_receive_getblockproposals(self, proto, blocknumbers):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("on_receive_getblockproposals", count=len(blocknumbers))
found = []
for i, height in enumerate(blocknumbers):
if i == self.wire_protocol.max_getproposals_count:
break
assert isinstance(height, int) # integers
assert i == 0 or height > blocknumbers[i - 1] # sorted
if height > self.chain.head.number:
log.debug("unknown block requested", height=height)
break
rlp_data = self.consensus_manager.get_blockproposal_rlp_by_height(
height)
assert isinstance(rlp_data, bytes)
found.append(rlp_data)
if found:
log.debug("found", count=len(found))
proto.send_blockproposals(*found)
def on_receive_blockproposals(self, proto, proposals):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
self.consensus_manager.log('received proposals', sender=proto)
log.debug("recv proposals", num=len(proposals), remote_id=proto)
self.consensus_manager.synchronizer.receive_blockproposals(proposals)
def on_receive_newblockproposal(self, proto, proposal):
if proposal.hash in self.broadcast_filter:
return
log.debug('----------------------------------')
self.consensus_manager.log('receive proposal', sender=proto)
log.debug("recv newblockproposal", proposal=proposal, remote_id=proto)
# self.synchronizer.receive_newproposal(proto, proposal)
assert isinstance(proposal, BlockProposal)
assert isinstance(proposal.block.header, HDCBlockHeader)
isvalid = self.consensus_manager.add_proposal(proposal, proto)
if isvalid:
self.broadcast(proposal, origin=proto)
self.consensus_manager.process()
def on_receive_votinginstruction(self, proto, votinginstruction):
if votinginstruction.hash in self.broadcast_filter:
return
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("recv votinginstruction",
proposal=votinginstruction,
remote_id=proto)
# self.synchronizer.receive_newproposal(proto, proposal)
isvalid = self.consensus_manager.add_proposal(votinginstruction, proto)
if isvalid:
self.broadcast(votinginstruction, origin=proto)
self.consensus_manager.process()
# votes
def on_receive_vote(self, proto, vote):
self.consensus_manager.log('on_receive_vote', v=vote)
if vote.hash in self.broadcast_filter:
log.debug('filtered!!!')
return
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("recv vote", vote=vote, remote_id=proto)
isvalid = self.consensus_manager.add_vote(vote, proto)
if isvalid:
self.broadcast(vote, origin=proto)
self.consensus_manager.process()
def on_receive_ready(self, proto, ready):
if ready.hash in self.broadcast_filter:
return
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("recv ready", ready=ready, remote_id=proto)
self.consensus_manager.add_ready(ready, proto)
self.broadcast(ready, origin=proto)
self.consensus_manager.process()
# start
def on_receive_status(self, proto, eth_version, network_id, genesis_hash,
current_lockset):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('status received', proto=proto, eth_version=eth_version)
assert eth_version == proto.version, (eth_version, proto.version)
if network_id != self.config['eth'].get('network_id',
proto.network_id):
log.warn("invalid network id",
remote_network_id=network_id,
expected_network_id=self.config['eth'].get(
'network_id', proto.network_id))
raise HDCProtocolError('wrong network_id')
# check genesis
if genesis_hash != self.chain.genesis.hash:
log.warn("invalid genesis hash",
remote_id=proto,
genesis=genesis_hash.encode('hex'))
raise HDCProtocolError('wrong genesis block')
assert isinstance(current_lockset, LockSet)
if len(current_lockset):
log.debug('adding received lockset', ls=current_lockset)
for v in current_lockset.votes:
self.consensus_manager.add_vote(v, proto)
self.consensus_manager.process()
# send last BlockProposal
p = self.consensus_manager.last_blockproposal
if p:
log.debug('sending proposal', p=p)
proto.send_newblockproposal(p)
# send transactions
transactions = self.chain.get_transactions()
if transactions:
log.debug("sending transactions", remote_id=proto)
proto.send_transactions(*transactions)
def on_wire_protocol_start(self, proto):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_start', proto=proto)
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
# register callbacks
proto.receive_status_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_status)
proto.receive_transactions_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_transactions)
proto.receive_blockproposals_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_blockproposals)
proto.receive_getblockproposals_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_getblockproposals)
proto.receive_newblockproposal_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_newblockproposal)
proto.receive_votinginstruction_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_votinginstruction)
proto.receive_vote_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_vote)
proto.receive_ready_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_ready)
# send status
proto.send_status(
genesis_hash=self.chain.genesis.hash,
current_lockset=self.consensus_manager.active_round.lockset)
def on_wire_protocol_stop(self, proto):
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_stop', proto=proto)
def broadcast(self, obj, origin=None):
"""
"""
fmap = {
BlockProposal: 'newblockproposal',
VoteBlock: 'vote',
VoteNil: 'vote',
VotingInstruction: 'votinginstruction',
Transaction: 'transactions',
Ready: 'ready'
}
if self.broadcast_filter.update(obj.hash) == False:
log.debug('already broadcasted', obj=obj)
return
if isinstance(obj, BlockProposal):
assert obj.sender == obj.block.header.coinbase
log.debug('broadcasting', obj=obj)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(HDCProtocol,
fmap[type(obj)],
args=(obj, ),
exclude_peers=[origin.peer] if origin else [])
broadcast_transaction = broadcast
class Validator():
def __init__(self, genesis, key, network, env, time_offset=5):
# Create a chain object
self.chain = Chain(genesis, env=env)
# Create a transaction queue
self.txqueue = TransactionQueue()
# Use the validator's time as the chain's time
self.chain.time = lambda: self.get_timestamp()
# My private key
self.key = key
# My address
self.address = privtoaddr(key)
# My randao
self.randao = RandaoManager(sha3(self.key))
# Pointer to the test p2p network
self.network = network
# Record of objects already received and processed
self.received_objects = {}
# The minimum eligible timestamp given a particular number of skips
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = 0
# Is this validator active?
self.active = False
# Code that verifies signatures from this validator
self.validation_code = generate_validation_code(privtoaddr(key))
# Validation code hash
self.vchash = sha3(self.validation_code)
# Parents that this validator has already built a block on
self.used_parents = {}
# This validator's clock offset (for testing purposes)
self.time_offset = random.randrange(time_offset) - (time_offset // 2)
# Determine the epoch length
self.epoch_length = self.call_casper('getEpochLength')
# My minimum gas price
self.mingasprice = 20 * 10**9
# Give this validator a unique ID
self.id = len(ids)
ids.append(self.id)
self.update_activity_status()
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
def call_casper(self, fun, args=[]):
return call_casper(self.chain.state, fun, args)
def update_activity_status(self):
start_epoch = self.call_casper('getStartEpoch', [self.vchash])
now_epoch = self.call_casper('getEpoch')
end_epoch = self.call_casper('getEndEpoch', [self.vchash])
if start_epoch <= now_epoch < end_epoch:
self.active = True
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(self.chain,
self.next_skip_count)
print 'In current validator set'
else:
self.active = False
def get_timestamp(self):
return int(self.network.time * 0.01) + self.time_offset
def on_receive(self, obj):
if isinstance(obj, list):
for _obj in obj:
self.on_receive(_obj)
return
if obj.hash in self.received_objects:
return
if isinstance(obj, Block):
print 'Receiving block', obj
assert obj.hash not in self.chain
block_success = self.chain.add_block(obj)
self.network.broadcast(self, obj)
self.network.broadcast(self, ChildRequest(obj.header.hash))
self.update_head()
elif isinstance(obj, Transaction):
print 'Receiving transaction', obj
if obj.gasprice >= self.mingasprice:
self.txqueue.add_transaction(obj)
print 'Added transaction, txqueue size %d' % len(
self.txqueue.txs)
self.network.broadcast(self, obj)
else:
print 'Gasprice too low'
self.received_objects[obj.hash] = True
for x in self.chain.get_chain():
assert x.hash in self.received_objects
def tick(self):
# Try to create a block
# Conditions:
# (i) you are an active validator,
# (ii) you have not yet made a block with this parent
if self.active and self.chain.head_hash not in self.used_parents:
t = self.get_timestamp()
# Is it early enough to create the block?
if t >= self.next_skip_timestamp and (
not self.chain.head
or t > self.chain.head.header.timestamp):
# Wrong validator; in this case, just wait for the next skip count
if not check_skips(self.chain, self.vchash,
self.next_skip_count):
self.next_skip_count += 1
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(
self.chain, self.next_skip_count)
# print 'Incrementing proposed timestamp for block %d to %d' % \
# (self.chain.head.header.number + 1 if self.chain.head else 0, self.next_skip_timestamp)
return
self.used_parents[self.chain.head_hash] = True
# Simulated 15% chance of validator failure to make a block
if random.random() > 0.999:
print 'Simulating validator failure, block %d not created' % (
self.chain.head.header.number +
1 if self.chain.head else 0)
return
# Make the block
s1 = self.chain.state.trie.root_hash
pre_dunkle_count = self.call_casper('getTotalDunklesIncluded')
dunkle_txs = get_dunkle_candidates(self.chain,
self.chain.state)
blk = make_head_candidate(self.chain, self.txqueue)
randao = self.randao.get_parent(
self.call_casper('getRandao', [self.vchash]))
blk = sign_block(blk, self.key, randao, self.vchash,
self.next_skip_count)
# Make sure it's valid
global global_block_counter
global_block_counter += 1
for dtx in dunkle_txs:
assert dtx in blk.transactions, (dtx, blk.transactions)
print 'made block with timestamp %d and %d dunkles' % (
blk.timestamp, len(dunkle_txs))
s2 = self.chain.state.trie.root_hash
assert s1 == s2
assert blk.timestamp >= self.next_skip_timestamp
assert self.chain.add_block(blk)
self.update_head()
post_dunkle_count = self.call_casper('getTotalDunklesIncluded')
assert post_dunkle_count - pre_dunkle_count == len(dunkle_txs)
self.received_objects[blk.hash] = True
print 'Validator %d making block %d (%s)' % (
self.id, blk.header.number,
blk.header.hash[:8].encode('hex'))
self.network.broadcast(self, blk)
# Sometimes we received blocks too early or out of order;
# run an occasional loop that processes these
if random.random() < 0.02:
self.chain.process_time_queue()
self.chain.process_parent_queue()
self.update_head()
def update_head(self):
if self.cached_head == self.chain.head_hash:
return
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
if self.chain.state.block_number % self.epoch_length == 0:
self.update_activity_status()
if self.active:
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(self.chain,
self.next_skip_count)
print 'Head changed: %s, will attempt creating a block at %d' % (
self.chain.head_hash.encode('hex'), self.next_skip_timestamp)
def withdraw(self, gasprice=20 * 10**9):
sigdata = make_withdrawal_signature(self.key)
txdata = casper_ct.encode('startWithdrawal', [self.vchash, sigdata])
tx = Transaction(self.chain.state.get_nonce(self.address), gasprice,
650000, self.chain.config['CASPER_ADDR'], 0,
txdata).sign(self.key)
self.txqueue.add_transaction(tx, force=True)
self.network.broadcast(self, tx)
print 'Withdrawing!'
def deposit(self, gasprice=20 * 10**9):
assert value * 10**18 >= self.chain.state.get_balance(
self.address) + gasprice * 1000000
tx = Transaction(
self.chain.state.get_nonce(self.address) * 10**18, gasprice,
1000000, casper_config['CASPER_ADDR'], value * 10**18,
ct.encode('deposit', [self.validation_code,
self.randao.get(9999)]))
class Validator():
def __init__(self, genesis, key, network, env, time_offset=5):
# Create a chain object
self.chain = Chain(genesis, env=env)
# Use the validator's time as the chain's time
self.chain.time = lambda: self.get_timestamp()
# My private key
self.key = key
# My address
self.address = privtoaddr(key)
# My randao
self.randao = RandaoManager(sha3(self.key))
# Pointer to the test p2p network
self.network = network
# Record of objects already received and processed
self.received_objects = {}
# The minimum eligible timestamp given a particular number of skips
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = 0
# This validator's indices in the state
self.indices = None
# Code that verifies signatures from this validator
self.validation_code = generate_validation_code(privtoaddr(key))
# Parents that this validator has already built a block on
self.used_parents = {}
# This validator's clock offset (for testing purposes)
self.time_offset = random.randrange(time_offset) - (time_offset // 2)
# Give this validator a unique ID
self.id = len(ids)
ids.append(self.id)
self.find_my_indices()
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
def find_my_indices(self):
for i in range(len(validatorSizes)):
epoch = self.chain.state.block_number // EPOCH_LENGTH
valcount = call_casper(self.chain.state, 'getHistoricalValidatorCount', [epoch, i])
for j in range(valcount):
valcode = call_casper(self.chain.state, 'getValidationCode', [i, j])
if valcode == self.validation_code:
self.indices = i, j
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(self.chain, self.next_skip_count)
print 'In current validator set at (%d, %d)' % (i, j)
return
self.indices = None
self.next_skip_count, self.next_skip_timestamp = 0, 0
print 'Not in current validator set'
def get_uncles(self):
anc = self.chain.get_block(self.chain.get_blockhash_by_number(self.chain.state.block_number - CHECK_FOR_UNCLES_BACK))
if anc:
descendants = self.chain.get_descendants(anc)
else:
descendants = self.chain.get_descendants(self.chain.db.get('GENESIS_HASH'))
potential_uncles = [x for x in descendants if x not in self.chain and isinstance(x, Block)]
uncles = [x.header for x in potential_uncles if not call_casper(self.chain.state, 'isDunkleIncluded', [x.header.hash])]
return uncles
def get_timestamp(self):
return int(self.network.time * 0.01) + self.time_offset
def on_receive(self, obj):
if isinstance(obj, list):
for _obj in obj:
self.on_receive(_obj)
return
if obj.hash in self.received_objects:
return
if isinstance(obj, Block):
print 'Receiving block', obj
assert obj.hash not in self.chain, (self.received_objects, obj.hash, [x.hash for x in self.chain.get_chain()])
block_success = self.chain.add_block(obj)
self.network.broadcast(self, obj)
self.network.broadcast(self, ChildRequest(obj.header.hash))
self.update_head()
elif isinstance(obj, Transaction):
self.chain.add_transaction(obj)
self.received_objects[obj.hash] = True
for x in self.chain.get_chain():
assert x.hash in self.received_objects
def tick(self):
# Try to create a block
# Conditions:
# (i) you are an active validator,
# (ii) you have not yet made a block with this parent
if self.indices and self.chain.head_hash not in self.used_parents:
t = self.get_timestamp()
# Is it early enough to create the block?
if t >= self.next_skip_timestamp and (not self.chain.head or t > self.chain.head.header.timestamp):
print 'creating', t, self.next_skip_timestamp
# Wrong validator; in this case, just wait for the next skip count
if not check_skips(self.chain, self.indices, self.next_skip_count):
self.next_skip_count += 1
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(self.chain, self.next_skip_count)
print 'Incrementing proposed timestamp for block %d to %d' % \
(self.chain.head.header.number + 1 if self.chain.head else 0, self.next_skip_timestamp)
return
self.used_parents[self.chain.head_hash] = True
# Simulated 15% chance of validator failure to make a block
if random.random() > 0.999:
print 'Simulating validator failure, block %d not created' % (self.chain.head.header.number + 1 if self.chain.head else 0)
return
# Make the block, make sure it's valid
pre_dunkle_count = call_casper(self.chain.state, 'getTotalDunklesIncluded', [])
dunkle_txs = []
for i, u in enumerate(self.get_uncles()[:4]):
start_nonce = self.chain.state.get_nonce(self.address)
print 'start_nonce', start_nonce
txdata = casper_ct.encode('includeDunkle', [rlp.encode(u)])
dunkle_txs.append(Transaction(start_nonce + i, 0, 650000, self.chain.config['CASPER_ADDR'], 0, txdata).sign(self.key))
for dtx in dunkle_txs[::-1]:
self.chain.add_transaction(dtx, force=True)
blk = make_block(self.chain, self.key, self.randao, self.indices, self.next_skip_count)
global global_block_counter
global_block_counter += 1
for dtx in dunkle_txs:
assert dtx in blk.transactions, (dtx, blk.transactions)
print 'made block with timestamp %d and %d dunkles' % (blk.timestamp, len(dunkle_txs))
assert blk.timestamp >= self.next_skip_timestamp
assert self.chain.add_block(blk)
self.update_head()
post_dunkle_count = call_casper(self.chain.state, 'getTotalDunklesIncluded', [])
assert post_dunkle_count - pre_dunkle_count == len(dunkle_txs)
self.received_objects[blk.hash] = True
print 'Validator %d making block %d (%s)' % (self.id, blk.header.number, blk.header.hash[:8].encode('hex'))
self.network.broadcast(self, blk)
# Sometimes we received blocks too early or out of order;
# run an occasional loop that processes these
if random.random() < 0.02:
self.chain.process_time_queue()
self.chain.process_parent_queue()
self.update_head()
def update_head(self):
if self.cached_head == self.chain.head_hash:
return
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
if self.chain.state.block_number % EPOCH_LENGTH == 0:
self.find_my_indices()
if self.indices:
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(self.chain, self.next_skip_count)
print 'Head changed: %s, will attempt creating a block at %d' % (self.chain.head_hash.encode('hex'), self.next_skip_timestamp)
def test_simple_chain(db):
k, v, k2, v2 = accounts()
blk = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=db)
store_block(blk)
chain = Chain(env=env(blk.db), genesis=blk)
tx = get_transaction()
blk2 = mine_next_block(blk, transactions=[tx])
store_block(blk2)
chain.add_block(blk2)
assert blk.hash in chain
assert blk2.hash in chain
assert chain.has_block(blk2.hash)
assert chain.get(blk2.hash) == blk2
assert chain.head == blk2
assert chain.get_children(blk) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_uncles(blk2) == []
assert chain.get_chain() == [blk2, blk]
assert chain.get_chain(count=0) == []
assert chain.get_chain(count=1) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_chain(count=2) == [blk2, blk]
assert chain.get_chain(count=100) == [blk2, blk]
assert chain.get_chain(blk.hash) == [blk]
assert chain.get_chain(blk.hash, 0) == []
assert chain.get_chain(blk2.hash) == [blk2, blk]
assert chain.get_chain(blk2.hash, 1) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_descendants(blk, count=10) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_descendants(blk, count=1) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_descendants(blk, count=0) == []
assert chain.index.has_block_by_number(1)
assert not chain.index.has_block_by_number(2)
assert chain.index.get_block_by_number(1) == blk2.hash
with pytest.raises(KeyError):
chain.index.get_block_by_number(2)
assert chain.index.get_transaction(tx.hash) == (tx, blk2, 0)
def test_prevhash(db):
g = mkquickgenesis({}, db=db)
chain = Chain(env(g.db), g)
L1 = mine_on_chain(chain)
L1.get_ancestor_list(2)
class ChainService(WiredService):
"""
Manages the chain and requests to it.
"""
# required by BaseService
name = 'chain'
default_config = dict(eth=dict(network_id=0))
# required by WiredService
wire_protocol = eth_protocol.ETHProtocol # create for each peer
# initialized after configure:
chain = None
genesis = None
synchronizer = None
config = None
block_queue_size = 1024
transaction_queue_size = 1024
processed_gas = 0
processed_elapsed = 0
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
self.chain = Chain(self.db,
new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
@property
def is_syncing(self):
return self.synchronizer.synctask is not None
def _on_new_head(self, block):
for cb in self.on_new_head_cbs:
cb(block)
self._on_new_head_candidate(
) # we implicitly have a new head_candidate
def _on_new_head_candidate(self):
for cb in self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs:
cb(self.chain.head_candidate)
def add_transaction(self, tx, origin=None):
assert isinstance(tx, Transaction)
log.debug('add_transaction', locked=self.add_transaction_lock.locked())
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
success = self.chain.add_transaction(tx)
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
if success:
self._on_new_head_candidate()
self.broadcast_transaction(tx, origin=origin) # asap
def add_block(self, t_block, proto):
"adds a block to the block_queue and spawns _add_block if not running"
self.block_queue.put((t_block, proto)) # blocks if full
if not self.add_blocks_lock:
self.add_blocks_lock = True # need to lock here (ctx switch is later)
gevent.spawn(self._add_blocks)
def add_mined_block(self, block):
log.debug('adding mined block', block=block)
assert block.check_pow()
if self.chain.add_block(block):
log.info('added', block=block, ts=time.time())
assert block == self.chain.head
self.broadcast_newblock(block,
chain_difficulty=block.chain_difficulty())
def knows_block(self, block_hash):
"if block is in chain or in queue"
if block_hash in self.chain:
return True
# check if queued or processed
for i in range(len(self.block_queue.queue)):
if block_hash == self.block_queue.queue[i][0].header.hash:
return True
return False
def _add_blocks(self):
log.debug('add_blocks',
qsize=self.block_queue.qsize(),
add_tx_lock=self.add_transaction_lock.locked())
assert self.add_blocks_lock is True
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
try:
while not self.block_queue.empty():
t_block, proto = self.block_queue.peek(
) # peek: knows_block while processing
if t_block.header.hash in self.chain:
log.warn('known block', block=t_block)
self.block_queue.get()
continue
if t_block.header.prevhash not in self.chain:
log.warn('missing parent', block=t_block)
self.block_queue.get()
continue
# FIXME, this is also done in validation and in synchronizer for new_blocks
if not t_block.header.check_pow():
log.warn('invalid pow', block=t_block, FIXME='ban node')
self.block_queue.get()
continue
try: # deserialize
st = time.time()
block = t_block.to_block(db=self.chain.db)
elapsed = time.time() - st
log.debug('deserialized',
elapsed='%.4fs' % elapsed,
gas_used=block.gas_used,
gpsec=self.gpsec(block.gas_used, elapsed))
except processblock.InvalidTransaction as e:
log.warn('invalid transaction',
block=t_block,
error=e,
FIXME='ban node')
self.block_queue.get()
continue
except VerificationFailed as e:
log.warn('verification failed', error=e, FIXME='ban node')
self.block_queue.get()
continue
if self.chain.add_block(block):
log.info('added', block=block, ts=time.time())
self.block_queue.get(
) # remove block from queue (we peeked only)
gevent.sleep(0.001)
finally:
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
def gpsec(self, gas_spent=0, elapsed=0):
self.processed_gas += gas_spent
self.processed_elapsed += elapsed
return int(self.processed_gas / (0.001 + self.processed_elapsed))
def broadcast_newblock(self, block, chain_difficulty=None, origin=None):
if not chain_difficulty:
assert block.hash in self.chain
chain_difficulty = block.chain_difficulty()
assert isinstance(block, (eth_protocol.TransientBlock, Block))
if self.broadcast_filter.known(block.header.hash):
log.debug('already broadcasted block')
else:
log.debug('broadcasting newblock', origin=origin)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(eth_protocol.ETHProtocol,
'newblock',
args=(block, chain_difficulty),
exclude_peers=[origin.peer] if origin else [])
def broadcast_transaction(self, tx, origin=None):
assert isinstance(tx, Transaction)
if self.broadcast_filter.known(tx.hash):
log.debug('already broadcasted tx')
else:
log.debug('broadcasting tx', origin=origin)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(eth_protocol.ETHProtocol,
'transactions',
args=(tx, ),
exclude_peers=[origin.peer] if origin else [])
# wire protocol receivers ###########
def on_wire_protocol_start(self, proto):
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_start', proto=proto)
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
# register callbacks
proto.receive_status_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_status)
proto.receive_transactions_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_transactions)
proto.receive_getblockhashes_callbacks.append(
self.on_receive_getblockhashes)
proto.receive_blockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blockhashes)
proto.receive_getblocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblocks)
proto.receive_blocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blocks)
proto.receive_newblock_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_newblock)
# send status
head = self.chain.head
proto.send_status(chain_difficulty=head.chain_difficulty(),
chain_head_hash=head.hash,
genesis_hash=self.chain.genesis.hash)
def on_wire_protocol_stop(self, proto):
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_stop', proto=proto)
def on_receive_status(self, proto, eth_version, network_id,
chain_difficulty, chain_head_hash, genesis_hash):
log.debug('status received', proto=proto, eth_version=eth_version)
assert eth_version == proto.version, (eth_version, proto.version)
if network_id != self.config['eth'].get('network_id',
proto.network_id):
log.warn("invalid network id",
remote_network_id=network_id,
expected_network_id=self.config['eth'].get(
'network_id', proto.network_id))
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong network_id')
# check genesis
if genesis_hash != self.chain.genesis.hash:
log.warn("invalid genesis hash",
remote_id=proto,
genesis=genesis_hash.encode('hex'))
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong genesis block')
# request chain
self.synchronizer.receive_status(proto, chain_head_hash,
chain_difficulty)
# send transactions
transactions = self.chain.get_transactions()
if transactions:
log.debug("sending transactions", remote_id=proto)
proto.send_transactions(*transactions)
# transactions
def on_receive_transactions(self, proto, transactions):
"receives rlp.decoded serialized"
log.debug('remote_transactions_received',
count=len(transactions),
remote_id=proto)
for tx in transactions:
self.add_transaction(tx, origin=proto)
# blockhashes ###########
def on_receive_getblockhashes(self, proto, child_block_hash, count):
log.debug("handle_get_blockhashes",
count=count,
block_hash=encode_hex(child_block_hash))
max_hashes = min(count, self.wire_protocol.max_getblockhashes_count)
found = []
if child_block_hash not in self.chain:
log.debug("unknown block")
proto.send_blockhashes(*[])
return
last = child_block_hash
while len(found) < max_hashes:
try:
last = rlp.decode_lazy(self.chain.db.get(last))[0][0]
except KeyError:
# this can happen if we started a chain download, which did not complete
# should not happen if the hash is part of the canonical chain
log.warn('KeyError in getblockhashes', hash=last)
break
if last:
found.append(last)
else:
break
log.debug("sending: found block_hashes", count=len(found))
proto.send_blockhashes(*found)
def on_receive_blockhashes(self, proto, blockhashes):
if blockhashes:
log.debug("on_receive_blockhashes",
count=len(blockhashes),
remote_id=proto,
first=encode_hex(blockhashes[0]),
last=encode_hex(blockhashes[-1]))
else:
log.debug("recv 0 remote block hashes, signifying genesis block")
self.synchronizer.receive_blockhashes(proto, blockhashes)
# blocks ################
def on_receive_getblocks(self, proto, blockhashes):
log.debug("on_receive_getblocks", count=len(blockhashes))
found = []
for bh in blockhashes[:self.wire_protocol.max_getblocks_count]:
try:
found.append(self.chain.db.get(bh))
except KeyError:
log.debug("unknown block requested", block_hash=encode_hex(bh))
if found:
log.debug("found", count=len(found))
proto.send_blocks(*found)
def on_receive_blocks(self, proto, transient_blocks):
blk_number = max(x.header.number
for x in transient_blocks) if transient_blocks else 0
log.debug("recv blocks",
count=len(transient_blocks),
remote_id=proto,
highest_number=blk_number)
if transient_blocks:
self.synchronizer.receive_blocks(proto, transient_blocks)
def on_receive_newblock(self, proto, block, chain_difficulty):
log.debug("recv newblock", block=block, remote_id=proto)
self.synchronizer.receive_newblock(proto, block, chain_difficulty)
deposit_sizes = [i * 500 + 500 for i in range(NUM_PARTICIPANTS)]
vcodes = [generate_validation_code(a) for a in addrs]
vchashes = [utils.sha3(c) for c in vcodes]
assert len(privkeys) == len(addrs) == len(randaos) == len(deposit_sizes) == len(vcodes) == len(vchashes) == NUM_PARTICIPANTS
# Creating casper contract translator
ct = get_casper_ct()
assert ct
print('Constructing genesis')
s = make_casper_genesis(validators=[(generate_validation_code(a), ds * 10**18, r.get(9999), a)
for a, ds, r in zip(addrs, deposit_sizes, randaos)][:-1],
alloc={a: {'balance': 10**18} for a in addrs},
timestamp=int(time.time() - 99999),
epoch_length=100)
print('Genesis constructed successfully')
chains = [Chain(s.to_snapshot(), env=s.env) for i in range(NUM_PARTICIPANTS)]
withdrawal_time_1 = call_casper(chains[0].state, 'getLockDuration', [vchashes[0]])
# List of validator IDs that created each block
vids = []
# Create and sign a block
def make_block(chain, key, randao, vchash, skips):
h, _ = make_head_candidate(chain, TransactionQueue(), timestamp=get_timestamp(chain, skips))
return sign_block(h, key, randao.get_parent(call_casper(chain.state, 'getRandao', [vchash])), vchash, skips)
next_validator = call_casper(s, 'getValidator', [0])
print('Next validator:', next_validator.encode('hex'))
next_validator_id = vchashes.index(next_validator)
print('Next validator index:', next_validator_id)
class ChainService(eth_ChainService):
"""
Manages the chain and requests to it.
"""
# required by BaseService
name = 'chain'
default_config = dict(eth=dict(network_id=0,
genesis='',
pruning=-1,
block=ethereum_config.default_config),
hdc=dict(validators=[]),
)
# required by WiredService
wire_protocol = HDCProtocol # create for each peer
# initialized after configure:
chain = None
genesis = None
synchronizer = None
config = None
block_queue_size = 1024
transaction_queue_size = 1024
processed_gas = 0
processed_elapsed = 0
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as non-pruning."
" Kinda hard to start pruning now.")
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as pruning."
" Kinda hard to stop pruning now.")
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
if 'network_id' in self.db:
db_network_id = self.db.get('network_id')
if db_network_id != str(sce['network_id']):
raise Exception("This database was initialized with network_id {} "
"and can not be used when connecting to network_id {}".format(
db_network_id, sce['network_id'])
)
else:
self.db.put('network_id', str(sce['network_id']))
self.db.commit()
assert self.db is not None
WiredService.__init__(self, app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
env = Env(self.db, sce['block'])
self.chain = Chain(env, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head, coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
if 'genesis_hash' in sce:
assert sce['genesis_hash'] == self.chain.genesis.hex_hash()
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.Semaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
# Consensus
self.consensus_contract = ConsensusContract(validators=self.config['hdc']['validators'])
self.consensus_manager = ConsensusManager(self, self.consensus_contract,
self.consensus_privkey)
# self.consensus_manager.process()
# ConsensusManager is started once a peer connects and status_message is received
# interface accessed by ConensusManager
def log(self, msg, *args, **kargs):
log.debug(msg, *args, **kargs)
@property
def consensus_privkey(self):
return self.app.services.accounts[0].privkey
def sign(self, obj):
assert isinstance(obj, Signed)
obj.sign(self.consensus_privkey)
@property
def now(self):
return time.time()
def setup_alarm(self, delay, cb, *args):
log.debug('setting up alarm')
def _trigger():
gevent.sleep(delay)
log.debug('alarm triggered')
cb(*args)
gevent.spawn(_trigger)
def commit_block(self, blk):
assert isinstance(blk.header, HDCBlockHeader)
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
success = self.chain.add_block(blk, forward_pending_transactions=True)
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
return success
def link_block(self, t_block):
assert isinstance(t_block.header, HDCBlockHeader)
self.add_transaction_lock.acquire()
block = self._link_block(t_block)
if not block:
return
assert block.get_parent() == self.chain.head, (block.get_parent(), self.chain.head)
assert block.header.coinbase == t_block.header.coinbase
self.add_transaction_lock.release()
return block
def _link_block(self, t_block):
assert isinstance(t_block.header, HDCBlockHeader)
if t_block.header.hash in self.chain:
log.warn('known block', block=t_block)
return
if t_block.header.prevhash not in self.chain:
log.warn('missing parent', block=t_block, head=self.chain.head,
prevhash=phx(t_block.header.prevhash))
return
if isinstance(t_block, Block):
return True # already deserialized
try: # deserialize
st = time.time()
block = t_block.to_block(env=self.chain.env)
elapsed = time.time() - st
log.debug('deserialized', elapsed='%.4fs' % elapsed, ts=time.time(),
gas_used=block.gas_used, gpsec=self.gpsec(block.gas_used, elapsed))
assert block.header.check_pow()
except processblock.InvalidTransaction as e:
log.warn('invalid transaction', block=t_block, error=e, FIXME='ban node')
return
except VerificationFailed as e:
log.warn('verification failed', error=e, FIXME='ban node')
return
return block
###############################################################################
@property
def is_syncing(self):
return self.consensus_manager.synchronizer.is_syncing
# wire protocol receivers ###########
# transactions
def on_receive_transactions(self, proto, transactions):
"receives rlp.decoded serialized"
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('remote_transactions_received', count=len(transactions), remote_id=proto)
for tx in transactions:
self.add_transaction(tx, origin=proto)
# blocks / proposals ################
def on_receive_getblockproposals(self, proto, blocknumbers):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("on_receive_getblockproposals", count=len(blocknumbers))
found = []
for i, height in enumerate(blocknumbers):
if i == self.wire_protocol.max_getproposals_count:
break
assert isinstance(height, int) # integers
assert i == 0 or height > blocknumbers[i - 1] # sorted
if height > self.chain.head.number:
log.debug("unknown block requested", height=height)
break
rlp_data = self.consensus_manager.get_blockproposal_rlp_by_height(height)
assert isinstance(rlp_data, bytes)
found.append(rlp_data)
if found:
log.debug("found", count=len(found))
proto.send_blockproposals(*found)
def on_receive_blockproposals(self, proto, proposals):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
self.consensus_manager.log('received proposals', sender=proto)
log.debug("recv proposals", num=len(proposals), remote_id=proto)
self.consensus_manager.synchronizer.receive_blockproposals(proposals)
def on_receive_newblockproposal(self, proto, proposal):
if proposal.hash in self.broadcast_filter:
return
log.debug('----------------------------------')
self.consensus_manager.log('receive proposal', sender=proto)
log.debug("recv newblockproposal", proposal=proposal, remote_id=proto)
# self.synchronizer.receive_newproposal(proto, proposal)
assert isinstance(proposal, BlockProposal)
assert isinstance(proposal.block.header, HDCBlockHeader)
isvalid = self.consensus_manager.add_proposal(proposal, proto)
if isvalid:
self.broadcast(proposal, origin_proto=proto)
self.consensus_manager.process()
def on_receive_votinginstruction(self, proto, votinginstruction):
if votinginstruction.hash in self.broadcast_filter:
return
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("recv votinginstruction", proposal=votinginstruction, remote_id=proto)
# self.synchronizer.receive_newproposal(proto, proposal)
isvalid = self.consensus_manager.add_proposal(votinginstruction, proto)
if isvalid:
self.broadcast(votinginstruction, origin_proto=proto)
self.consensus_manager.process()
# votes
def on_receive_vote(self, proto, vote):
if vote.hash in self.broadcast_filter:
return
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug("recv vote", vote=vote, remote_id=proto)
isvalid = self.consensus_manager.add_vote(vote, proto)
if isvalid:
self.broadcast(vote, origin_proto=proto)
self.consensus_manager.process()
# start
def on_receive_status(self, proto, eth_version, network_id, genesis_hash, current_lockset):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('status received', proto=proto, eth_version=eth_version)
assert eth_version == proto.version, (eth_version, proto.version)
if network_id != self.config['eth'].get('network_id', proto.network_id):
log.warn("invalid network id", remote_network_id=network_id,
expected_network_id=self.config['eth'].get('network_id', proto.network_id))
raise HDCProtocolError('wrong network_id')
# check genesis
if genesis_hash != self.chain.genesis.hash:
log.warn("invalid genesis hash", remote_id=proto, genesis=genesis_hash.encode('hex'))
raise HDCProtocolError('wrong genesis block')
assert isinstance(current_lockset, LockSet)
if len(current_lockset):
log.debug('adding received lockset', ls=current_lockset)
for v in current_lockset.votes:
self.consensus_manager.add_vote(v, proto)
self.consensus_manager.process()
# send last BlockProposal
p = self.consensus_manager.last_blockproposal
if p:
self.consensus_manager.log('sending proposal', p=p)
proto.send_newblockproposal(p)
# send transactions
transactions = self.chain.get_transactions()
if transactions:
log.debug("sending transactions", remote_id=proto)
proto.send_transactions(*transactions)
def on_wire_protocol_start(self, proto):
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_start', proto=proto)
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
# register callbacks
proto.receive_status_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_status)
proto.receive_transactions_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_transactions)
proto.receive_blockproposals_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blockproposals)
proto.receive_getblockproposals_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblockproposals)
proto.receive_newblockproposal_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_newblockproposal)
proto.receive_votinginstruction_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_votinginstruction)
proto.receive_vote_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_vote)
# send status
proto.send_status(genesis_hash=self.chain.genesis.hash,
current_lockset=self.consensus_manager.active_round.lockset)
def on_wire_protocol_stop(self, proto):
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
log.debug('----------------------------------')
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_stop', proto=proto)
def broadcast(self, obj, origin_proto=None):
"""
"""
fmap = {BlockProposal: 'newblockproposal', VoteBlock: 'vote', VoteNil: 'vote',
VotingInstruction: 'votinginstruction', Transaction: 'transaction'}
if not self.broadcast_filter.update(obj.hash):
log.debug('already broadcasted', obj=obj)
return
if isinstance(obj, BlockProposal):
assert obj.sender == obj.block.header.coinbase
log.debug('broadcasting', obj=obj)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(HDCProtocol, fmap[type(obj)], args=(obj,),
exclude_peers=[origin_proto.peer] if origin_proto else [])
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
sce = self.config['eth']
if int(sce['pruning']) >= 0:
self.db = RefcountDB(app.services.db)
if "I am not pruning" in self.db.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as non-pruning."
" Kinda hard to start pruning now.")
self.db.ttl = int(sce['pruning'])
self.db.db.put("I am pruning", "1")
else:
self.db = app.services.db
if "I am pruning" in self.db:
raise Exception("This database was initialized as pruning."
" Kinda hard to stop pruning now.")
self.db.put("I am not pruning", "1")
if 'network_id' in self.db:
db_network_id = self.db.get('network_id')
if db_network_id != str(sce['network_id']):
raise Exception(
"This database was initialized with network_id {} "
"and can not be used when connecting to network_id {}".
format(db_network_id, sce['network_id']))
else:
self.db.put('network_id', str(sce['network_id']))
self.db.commit()
assert self.db is not None
WiredService.__init__(self, app)
log.info('initializing chain')
coinbase = app.services.accounts.coinbase
env = Env(self.db, sce['block'])
self.chain = Chain(env,
new_head_cb=self._on_new_head,
coinbase=coinbase)
log.info('chain at', number=self.chain.head.number)
if 'genesis_hash' in sce:
assert sce['genesis_hash'] == self.chain.genesis.hex_hash()
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.add_transaction_lock = gevent.lock.BoundedSemaphore()
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
self.on_new_head_cbs = []
self.on_new_head_candidate_cbs = []
self.newblock_processing_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
# Consensus
self.consensus_contract = ConsensusContract(
validators=self.config['hdc']['validators'])
self.consensus_manager = ConsensusManager(self,
self.consensus_contract,
self.consensus_privkey)
# lock blocks that where proposed, so they don't get mutated
self.proposal_lock = ProposalLock()
assert not self.proposal_lock.is_locked()
class ChainService(WiredService):
"""
Manages the chain and requests to it.
"""
# required by BaseService
name = 'chain'
default_config = dict(eth=dict(privkey_hex=''))
# required by WiredService
wire_protocol = eth_protocol.ETHProtocol # create for each peer
# initialized after configure:
chain = None
genesis = None
synchronizer = None
config = None
block_queue_size = 1024
transaction_queue_size = 1024
def __init__(self, app):
self.config = app.config
self.db = app.services.db
assert self.db is not None
super(ChainService, self).__init__(app)
log.info('initializing chain')
self.chain = Chain(self.db, new_head_cb=self._on_new_head)
self.synchronizer = Synchronizer(self, force_sync=None)
self.chain.coinbase = privtoaddr(self.config['eth']['privkey_hex'].decode('hex'))
self.block_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.block_queue_size)
self.transaction_queue = Queue(maxsize=self.transaction_queue_size)
self.add_blocks_lock = False
self.broadcast_filter = DuplicatesFilter()
def _on_new_head(self, block):
pass
def add_block(self, t_block, proto):
"adds a block to the block_queue and spawns _add_block if not running"
self.block_queue.put((t_block, proto)) # blocks if full
if not self.add_blocks_lock:
self.add_blocks_lock = True
gevent.spawn(self._add_blocks)
def _add_blocks(self):
log.debug('add_blocks', qsize=self.block_queue.qsize())
try:
while not self.block_queue.empty():
t_block, proto = self.block_queue.get()
if t_block.header.hash in self.chain:
log.warn('known block', block=t_block)
continue
if t_block.header.prevhash not in self.chain:
log.warn('missing parent', block=t_block)
continue
if not t_block.header.check_pow():
log.warn('invalid pow', block=t_block)
# FIXME ban node
continue
try: # deserialize
st = time.time()
block = t_block.to_block(db=self.chain.db)
elapsed = time.time() - st
log.debug('deserialized', elapsed='%.2fs' % elapsed,
gas_used=block.gas_used, gpsec=int(block.gas_used / elapsed))
except processblock.InvalidTransaction as e:
log.warn('invalid transaction', block=t_block, error=e)
# FIXME ban node
continue
if self.chain.add_block(block):
log.debug('added', block=block)
gevent.sleep(0.001)
finally:
self.add_blocks_lock = False
def broadcast_newblock(self, block, chain_difficulty, origin=None):
assert isinstance(block, eth_protocol.TransientBlock)
if self.broadcast_filter.known(block.header.hash):
log.debug('already broadcasted block')
else:
log.debug('broadcasting newblock', origin=origin)
bcast = self.app.services.peermanager.broadcast
bcast(eth_protocol.ETHProtocol, 'newblock', args=(block, chain_difficulty),
num_peers=None, exclude_protos=[origin])
# wire protocol receivers ###########
def on_wire_protocol_start(self, proto):
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_start', proto=proto)
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
# register callbacks
proto.receive_status_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_status)
proto.receive_transactions_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_transactions)
proto.receive_getblockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblockhashes)
proto.receive_blockhashes_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blockhashes)
proto.receive_getblocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_getblocks)
proto.receive_blocks_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_blocks)
proto.receive_newblock_callbacks.append(self.on_receive_newblock)
# send status
head = self.chain.head
proto.send_status(chain_difficulty=head.chain_difficulty(), chain_head_hash=head.hash,
genesis_hash=self.chain.genesis.hash)
def on_wire_protocol_stop(self, proto):
assert isinstance(proto, self.wire_protocol)
log.debug('on_wire_protocol_stop', proto=proto)
def on_receive_status(self, proto, eth_version, network_id, chain_difficulty, chain_head_hash,
genesis_hash):
log.debug('status received', proto=proto, eth_version=eth_version)
assert eth_version == proto.version, (eth_version, proto.version)
if network_id != proto.network_id:
log.warn("invalid network id", remote_id=proto.network_id, network_id=network_id)
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong network_id')
# check genesis
if genesis_hash != self.chain.genesis.hash:
log.warn("invalid genesis hash", remote_id=proto, genesis=genesis_hash.encode('hex'))
raise eth_protocol.ETHProtocolError('wrong genesis block')
# request chain
self.synchronizer.receive_status(proto, chain_head_hash, chain_difficulty)
# send transactions
transactions = self.chain.get_transactions()
if transactions:
log.debug("sending transactions", remote_id=proto)
proto.send_transactions(*transactions)
# transactions
def on_receive_transactions(self, proto, transactions):
"receives rlp.decoded serialized"
log.debug('remote_transactions_received', count=len(transactions), remote_id=proto)
log.debug('skipping, FIXME')
return
for tx in transactions:
# fixme bloomfilter
self.chain.add_transaction(tx)
# blockhashes ###########
def on_receive_getblockhashes(self, proto, child_block_hash, count):
log.debug("handle_get_blockhashes", count=count, block_hash=encode_hex(child_block_hash))
max_hashes = min(count, self.wire_protocol.max_getblockhashes_count)
found = []
if child_block_hash not in self.chain:
log.debug("unknown block")
proto.send_blockhashes(*[])
return
last = child_block_hash
while len(found) < max_hashes:
last = rlp.decode_lazy(self.chain.db.get(last))[0][0]
if last:
found.append(last)
else:
break
log.debug("sending: found block_hashes", count=len(found))
proto.send_blockhashes(*found)
def on_receive_blockhashes(self, proto, blockhashes):
if blockhashes:
log.debug("on_receive_blockhashes", count=len(blockhashes), remote_id=proto,
first=encode_hex(blockhashes[0]), last=encode_hex(blockhashes[-1]))
else:
log.debug("recv 0 remote block hashes, signifying genesis block")
self.synchronizer.receive_blockhashes(proto, blockhashes)
# blocks ################
def on_receive_getblocks(self, proto, blockhashes):
log.debug("on_receive_getblocks", count=len(blockhashes))
found = []
for bh in blockhashes[:self.wire_protocol.max_getblocks_count]:
try:
found.append(self.chain.db.get(bh))
except KeyError:
log.debug("unknown block requested", block_hash=encode_hex(bh))
if found:
log.debug("found", count=len(found))
proto.send_blocks(*found)
def on_receive_blocks(self, proto, transient_blocks):
log.debug("recv blocks", count=len(transient_blocks), remote_id=proto,
highest_number=max(x.header.number for x in transient_blocks))
if transient_blocks:
self.synchronizer.receive_blocks(proto, transient_blocks)
def on_receive_newblock(self, proto, block, chain_difficulty):
log.debug("recv newblock", block=block, remote_id=proto)
self.synchronizer.receive_newblock(proto, block, chain_difficulty)
def test_simple_chain(db):
k, v, k2, v2 = accounts()
blk = mkquickgenesis({v: {"balance": utils.denoms.ether * 1}}, db=db)
store_block(blk)
chain = Chain(env=env(blk.db), genesis=blk)
tx = get_transaction()
blk2 = mine_next_block(blk, transactions=[tx])
store_block(blk2)
chain.add_block(blk2)
assert blk.hash in chain
assert blk2.hash in chain
assert chain.has_block(blk2.hash)
assert chain.get(blk2.hash) == blk2
assert chain.head == blk2
assert chain.get_children(blk) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_uncles(blk2) == []
assert chain.get_chain() == [blk2, blk]
assert chain.get_chain(count=0) == []
assert chain.get_chain(count=1) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_chain(count=2) == [blk2, blk]
assert chain.get_chain(count=100) == [blk2, blk]
assert chain.get_chain(blk.hash) == [blk]
assert chain.get_chain(blk.hash, 0) == []
assert chain.get_chain(blk2.hash) == [blk2, blk]
assert chain.get_chain(blk2.hash, 1) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_descendants(blk, count=10) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_descendants(blk, count=1) == [blk2]
assert chain.get_descendants(blk, count=0) == []
assert chain.index.has_block_by_number(1)
assert not chain.index.has_block_by_number(2)
assert chain.index.get_block_by_number(1) == blk2.hash
with pytest.raises(KeyError):
chain.index.get_block_by_number(2)
assert chain.index.get_transaction(tx.hash) == (tx, blk2, 0)
class Validator():
def __init__(self, genesis, key, network, env, time_offset=5):
# Create a chain object
self.chain = Chain(genesis, env=env)
# Create a transaction queue
self.txqueue = TransactionQueue()
# Use the validator's time as the chain's time
self.chain.time = lambda: self.get_timestamp()
# My private key
self.key = key
# My address
self.address = privtoaddr(key)
# My randao
self.randao = RandaoManager(sha3(self.key))
# Pointer to the test p2p network
self.network = network
# Record of objects already received and processed
self.received_objects = {}
# The minimum eligible timestamp given a particular number of skips
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = 0
# Is this validator active?
self.active = False
# Code that verifies signatures from this validator
self.validation_code = generate_validation_code(privtoaddr(key))
# Validation code hash
self.vchash = sha3(self.validation_code)
# Parents that this validator has already built a block on
self.used_parents = {}
# This validator's clock offset (for testing purposes)
self.time_offset = random.randrange(time_offset) - (time_offset // 2)
# Determine the epoch length
self.epoch_length = self.call_casper('getEpochLength')
# My minimum gas price
self.mingasprice = 20 * 10**9
# Give this validator a unique ID
self.id = len(ids)
ids.append(self.id)
self.update_activity_status()
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
def call_casper(self, fun, args=[]):
return call_casper(self.chain.state, fun, args)
def update_activity_status(self):
start_epoch = self.call_casper('getStartEpoch', [self.vchash])
now_epoch = self.call_casper('getEpoch')
end_epoch = self.call_casper('getEndEpoch', [self.vchash])
if start_epoch <= now_epoch < end_epoch:
self.active = True
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(self.chain, self.next_skip_count)
print 'In current validator set'
else:
self.active = False
def get_timestamp(self):
return int(self.network.time * 0.01) + self.time_offset
def on_receive(self, obj):
if isinstance(obj, list):
for _obj in obj:
self.on_receive(_obj)
return
if obj.hash in self.received_objects:
return
if isinstance(obj, Block):
print 'Receiving block', obj
assert obj.hash not in self.chain
block_success = self.chain.add_block(obj)
self.network.broadcast(self, obj)
self.network.broadcast(self, ChildRequest(obj.header.hash))
self.update_head()
elif isinstance(obj, Transaction):
print 'Receiving transaction', obj
if obj.gasprice >= self.mingasprice:
self.txqueue.add_transaction(obj)
print 'Added transaction, txqueue size %d' % len(self.txqueue.txs)
self.network.broadcast(self, obj)
else:
print 'Gasprice too low'
self.received_objects[obj.hash] = True
for x in self.chain.get_chain():
assert x.hash in self.received_objects
def tick(self):
# Try to create a block
# Conditions:
# (i) you are an active validator,
# (ii) you have not yet made a block with this parent
if self.active and self.chain.head_hash not in self.used_parents:
t = self.get_timestamp()
# Is it early enough to create the block?
if t >= self.next_skip_timestamp and (not self.chain.head or t > self.chain.head.header.timestamp):
# Wrong validator; in this case, just wait for the next skip count
if not check_skips(self.chain, self.vchash, self.next_skip_count):
self.next_skip_count += 1
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(self.chain, self.next_skip_count)
# print 'Incrementing proposed timestamp for block %d to %d' % \
# (self.chain.head.header.number + 1 if self.chain.head else 0, self.next_skip_timestamp)
return
self.used_parents[self.chain.head_hash] = True
# Simulated 15% chance of validator failure to make a block
if random.random() > 0.999:
print 'Simulating validator failure, block %d not created' % (self.chain.head.header.number + 1 if self.chain.head else 0)
return
# Make the block
s1 = self.chain.state.trie.root_hash
pre_dunkle_count = self.call_casper('getTotalDunklesIncluded')
dunkle_txs = get_dunkle_candidates(self.chain, self.chain.state)
blk = make_head_candidate(self.chain, self.txqueue)
randao = self.randao.get_parent(self.call_casper('getRandao', [self.vchash]))
blk = sign_block(blk, self.key, randao, self.vchash, self.next_skip_count)
# Make sure it's valid
global global_block_counter
global_block_counter += 1
for dtx in dunkle_txs:
assert dtx in blk.transactions, (dtx, blk.transactions)
print 'made block with timestamp %d and %d dunkles' % (blk.timestamp, len(dunkle_txs))
s2 = self.chain.state.trie.root_hash
assert s1 == s2
assert blk.timestamp >= self.next_skip_timestamp
assert self.chain.add_block(blk)
self.update_head()
post_dunkle_count = self.call_casper('getTotalDunklesIncluded')
assert post_dunkle_count - pre_dunkle_count == len(dunkle_txs)
self.received_objects[blk.hash] = True
print 'Validator %d making block %d (%s)' % (self.id, blk.header.number, blk.header.hash[:8].encode('hex'))
self.network.broadcast(self, blk)
# Sometimes we received blocks too early or out of order;
# run an occasional loop that processes these
if random.random() < 0.02:
self.chain.process_time_queue()
self.chain.process_parent_queue()
self.update_head()
def update_head(self):
if self.cached_head == self.chain.head_hash:
return
self.cached_head = self.chain.head_hash
if self.chain.state.block_number % self.epoch_length == 0:
self.update_activity_status()
if self.active:
self.next_skip_count = 0
self.next_skip_timestamp = get_timestamp(self.chain, self.next_skip_count)
print 'Head changed: %s, will attempt creating a block at %d' % (self.chain.head_hash.encode('hex'), self.next_skip_timestamp)
def withdraw(self, gasprice=20 * 10**9):
sigdata = make_withdrawal_signature(self.key)
txdata = casper_ct.encode('startWithdrawal', [self.vchash, sigdata])
tx = Transaction(self.chain.state.get_nonce(self.address), gasprice, 650000, self.chain.config['CASPER_ADDR'], 0, txdata).sign(self.key)
self.txqueue.add_transaction(tx, force=True)
self.network.broadcast(self, tx)
print 'Withdrawing!'
def deposit(self, gasprice=20 * 10**9):
assert value * 10**18 >= self.chain.state.get_balance(self.address) + gasprice * 1000000
tx = Transaction(self.chain.state.get_nonce(self.address) * 10**18, gasprice, 1000000,
casper_config['CASPER_ADDR'], value * 10**18,
ct.encode('deposit', [self.validation_code, self.randao.get(9999)]))