def qfunc1():
qml.Hadamard(wires=0)
qml.PauliX(wires=1)
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1])
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 2])
qml.PauliY(wires=0)
return qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0))
def circuit():
"""A combination of two and three qubit gates with the one_qubit_block and a simple
PauliZ measurement, all acting on a four qubit input basis state"""
qml.BasisState(np.array(basis_state), wires=[0, 1, 2, 3])
qml.RX(0.5, wires=0)
qml.Hadamard(wires=1)
qml.RY(0.9, wires=2)
qml.Rot(0.1, -0.2, -0.3, wires=3)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
qml.CNOT(wires=[3, 1])
one_qubit_block(wires=3)
qml.CNOT(wires=[2, 0])
qml.CZ(wires=[1, 0])
one_qubit_block(wires=0)
qml.Toffoli(wires=[1, 0, 2])
one_qubit_block(wires=2)
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1])
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 2])
qml.Toffoli(wires=[1, 3, 2])
qml.CRX(0.5, wires=[1, 0])
qml.CSWAP(wires=[2, 1, 0])
qml.CRY(0.9, wires=[2, 1])
one_qubit_block(wires=1)
qml.CRZ(0.02, wires=[0, 1])
qml.CRY(0.9, wires=[2, 3])
qml.CRot(0.2, 0.3, 0.7, wires=[2, 1])
qml.RZ(0.4, wires=0)
qml.Toffoli(wires=[2, 1, 0])
return qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0))
def qfunc(theta):
qml.Hadamard(wires=0)
qml.RX(theta[0], wires=1)
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1])
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 2])
qml.RY(theta[1], wires=0)
return qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0))
def test_SWAP(self):
"""Test SWAP gate special call"""
with QuantumTape() as tape:
qml.SWAP(wires=(0, 1))
_, ax = tape_mpl(tape)
layer = 0
# two wires produce two lines and SWAP contains 5 more lines
assert len(ax.lines) == 7
connecting_line = ax.lines[2]
assert connecting_line.get_data() == ((layer, layer), [0, 1])
dx = 0.2
# check the coordinates of the swap lines
x_lines = ax.lines[3:]
for line in x_lines:
assert line.get_xdata() == (layer - dx, layer + dx)
assert x_lines[0].get_ydata() == (-dx, dx)
assert x_lines[1].get_ydata() == (dx, -dx)
assert x_lines[2].get_ydata() == (1 - dx, 1 + dx)
assert x_lines[3].get_ydata() == (1 + dx, 1 - dx)
plt.close()
def decomposition(wires):
return [
qml.SWAP(wires=wires),
qml.S(wires=[wires[0]]),
qml.S(wires=[wires[1]]),
qml.CZ(wires=wires),
]
def compute_decomposition(phi, wires):
return [
qml.SWAP(wires=wires),
qml.CNOT(wires=wires),
qml.PhaseShift(phi, wires=[wires[1]]),
qml.CNOT(wires=wires),
]
def qfunc(a, b, c, angles):
qml.RX(a, wires=0)
qml.RX(b, wires=1)
qml.PauliZ(1)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]).inv()
qml.CRY(b, wires=[3, 1])
qml.RX(angles[0], wires=0)
qml.RX(4 * angles[1], wires=1)
qml.PhaseShift(17 / 9 * c, wires=2)
qml.RZ(b, wires=3)
qml.RX(angles[2], wires=2).inv()
qml.CRY(0.3589, wires=[3, 1]).inv()
qml.CSWAP(wires=[4, 2, 1]).inv()
qml.QubitUnitary(np.eye(2), wires=[2])
qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1])
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 2])
qml.PauliZ(wires=[1])
qml.PauliZ(wires=[1]).inv()
qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1])
qml.CZ(wires=[0, 2]).inv()
qml.CNOT(wires=[2, 1])
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 2])
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 2]).inv()
qml.CNOT(wires=[1, 3])
qml.RZ(b, wires=3)
qml.CSWAP(wires=[4, 0, 1])
return [
qml.expval(qml.PauliY(0)),
qml.var(qml.Hadamard(wires=1)),
qml.sample(qml.PauliX(2)),
qml.expval(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[3, 4])),
]
def circuit():
qml.Rot(theta, phi, delta, wires=0)
qml.Rot(theta, phi, delta, wires=1)
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1])
return (
qml.expval(qml.PauliX(0)),
qml.expval(qml.PauliX(1)),
)
def Turing():
# distinct fun names in functional placeholders=
# []
qml.Hadamard(0)
qml.PauliX(1)
qml.PauliY(1)
qml.PauliZ(1)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1])
qml.SWAP(wires=[1, 0])
qml.RX(-6.283185307179586, wires=2)
qml.RY(-6.283185307179586, wires=2)
qml.RZ(-6.283185307179586, wires=2)
qml.PhaseShift(3.141592653589793, wires=1)
def rot(rad_ang_x, rad_ang_y, rad_ang_z):
"""
Returns
exp(1j*(rad_ang_x*sig_x + rad_ang_y*sig_y + rad_ang_z*sig_z))
where rad_ang_x is an angle in radians and sig_x is the x Pauli
matrix, etc.
Parameters
----------
rad_ang_x : float
rad_ang_y : float
rad_ang_z : float
Returns
-------
np.ndarray
"""
ty = np.complex128
mat = np.zeros([2, 2], dtype=ty)
vec = np.array([rad_ang_x, rad_ang_y, rad_ang_z])
n = np.linalg.norm(vec) # sqrt(dot(vec, vec.conj))
if abs(n) < 1e-8:
mat[0, 0] = 1
mat[1, 1] = 1
else:
nx = rad_ang_x / n
ny = rad_ang_y / n
nz = rad_ang_z / n
c = np.cos(n)
s = np.sin(n)
mat[0, 0] = c + 1j * s * nz
mat[0, 1] = s * ny + 1j * s * nx
mat[1, 0] = -s * ny + 1j * s * nx
mat[1, 1] = c - 1j * s * nz
return mat
qml.QubitUnitary(rot(-6.283185307179586, -6.283185307179586,
-6.283185307179586),
wires=0)
return qml.expval.Hermitian(hamil)
def qft_circuit():
for wire in reversed(range(self.n)):
qml.Hadamard(wire)
for i in range(wire):
qml.CRZ(np.pi / (2**(wire - i)), wires=[i, wire])
for i in range(self.n // 2):
qml.SWAP(wires=[i, self.n - i - 1])
return qml.probs(wires=range(self.n))
def qft_U(params):
# Execute QFT
n_param = 0
for i in range(n_qubits):
qml.Hadamard(wires=i)
for j in range(i + 1, n_qubits):
U0(params[n_param], wires=[0, 1, 2, 3])
n_param += 1
# Final swaps
for n in range(n_qubits // 2):
qml.SWAP(wires=[n, n_qubits - n - 1])
def qft():
# Execute QFT
for i in range(n_qubits):
qml.Hadamard(wires=i)
for n_j, j in enumerate(range(i + 1, n_qubits)):
R_k = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0, np.exp(2j * π / (2**(n_j + 2)))]])
qml.QubitUnitary(R_k, wires=[j, i])
# Final swaps
for n in range(n_qubits // 2):
qml.SWAP(wires=[n, (n_qubits - 1) - n])
def op(op_name):
ops_list = {
"RX": qml.RX(0.123, wires=0),
"RY": qml.RY(1.434, wires=0),
"RZ": qml.RZ(2.774, wires=0),
"S": qml.S(wires=0),
"SX": qml.SX(wires=0),
"T": qml.T(wires=0),
"CNOT": qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
"CZ": qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1]),
"CY": qml.CY(wires=[0, 1]),
"SWAP": qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1]),
"ISWAP": qml.ISWAP(wires=[0, 1]),
"SISWAP": qml.SISWAP(wires=[0, 1]),
"SQISW": qml.SQISW(wires=[0, 1]),
"CSWAP": qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 1, 2]),
"PauliRot": qml.PauliRot(0.123, "Y", wires=0),
"IsingXX": qml.IsingXX(0.123, wires=[0, 1]),
"IsingXY": qml.IsingXY(0.123, wires=[0, 1]),
"IsingYY": qml.IsingYY(0.123, wires=[0, 1]),
"IsingZZ": qml.IsingZZ(0.123, wires=[0, 1]),
"Identity": qml.Identity(wires=0),
"Rot": qml.Rot(0.123, 0.456, 0.789, wires=0),
"Toffoli": qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 1, 2]),
"PhaseShift": qml.PhaseShift(2.133, wires=0),
"ControlledPhaseShift": qml.ControlledPhaseShift(1.777, wires=[0, 2]),
"CPhase": qml.CPhase(1.777, wires=[0, 2]),
"MultiRZ": qml.MultiRZ(0.112, wires=[1, 2, 3]),
"CRX": qml.CRX(0.836, wires=[2, 3]),
"CRY": qml.CRY(0.721, wires=[2, 3]),
"CRZ": qml.CRZ(0.554, wires=[2, 3]),
"Hadamard": qml.Hadamard(wires=0),
"PauliX": qml.PauliX(wires=0),
"PauliY": qml.PauliY(wires=0),
"PauliZ": qml.PauliZ(wires=0),
"CRot": qml.CRot(0.123, 0.456, 0.789, wires=[0, 1]),
"DiagonalQubitUnitary": qml.DiagonalQubitUnitary(np.array([1.0, 1.0j]), wires=1),
"ControlledQubitUnitary": qml.ControlledQubitUnitary(
np.eye(2) * 1j, wires=[0], control_wires=[2]
),
"MultiControlledX": qml.MultiControlledX(wires=(0, 1, 2), control_values="01"),
"SingleExcitation": qml.SingleExcitation(0.123, wires=[0, 3]),
"SingleExcitationPlus": qml.SingleExcitationPlus(0.123, wires=[0, 3]),
"SingleExcitationMinus": qml.SingleExcitationMinus(0.123, wires=[0, 3]),
"DoubleExcitation": qml.DoubleExcitation(0.123, wires=[0, 1, 2, 3]),
"DoubleExcitationPlus": qml.DoubleExcitationPlus(0.123, wires=[0, 1, 2, 3]),
"DoubleExcitationMinus": qml.DoubleExcitationMinus(0.123, wires=[0, 1, 2, 3]),
"QFT": qml.QFT(wires=0),
"QubitSum": qml.QubitSum(wires=[0, 1, 2]),
"QubitCarry": qml.QubitCarry(wires=[0, 1, 2, 3]),
"QubitUnitary": qml.QubitUnitary(np.eye(2) * 1j, wires=0),
}
return ops_list.get(op_name)
def test_four_qubit_random_circuit(self, device, tol):
"""Compare a four-qubit random circuit with lots of different gates to default.qubit"""
n_wires = 4
dev = device(n_wires)
dev_def = qml.device("default.qubit", wires=n_wires)
if dev.name == dev_def.name:
pytest.skip("Device is default.qubit.")
if dev.shots is not None:
pytest.skip("Device is in non-analytical mode.")
gates = [
qml.PauliX(wires=0),
qml.PauliY(wires=1),
qml.PauliZ(wires=2),
qml.S(wires=3),
qml.T(wires=0),
qml.RX(2.3, wires=1),
qml.RY(1.3, wires=2),
qml.RZ(3.3, wires=3),
qml.Hadamard(wires=0),
qml.Rot(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, wires=1),
qml.CRot(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, wires=[2, 3]),
qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 1, 2]),
qml.SWAP(wires=[1, 2]),
qml.CSWAP(wires=[1, 2, 3]),
qml.U1(1.0, wires=0),
qml.U2(1.0, 2.0, wires=2),
qml.U3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, wires=3),
qml.CRX(0.1, wires=[1, 2]),
qml.CRY(0.2, wires=[2, 3]),
qml.CRZ(0.3, wires=[3, 1]),
]
layers = 3
np.random.seed(1967)
gates_per_layers = [np.random.permutation(gates).numpy() for _ in range(layers)]
def circuit():
"""4-qubit circuit with layers of randomly selected gates and random connections for
multi-qubit gates."""
np.random.seed(1967)
for gates in gates_per_layers:
for gate in gates:
qml.apply(gate)
return qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0))
qnode_def = qml.QNode(circuit, dev_def)
qnode = qml.QNode(circuit, dev)
assert np.allclose(qnode(), qnode_def(), atol=tol(dev.shots))
def expand(self):
with qml.tape.QuantumTape() as tape:
# block of Hadamard and CR_k gates
for i in range(len(self.wires)):
qml.Hadamard(wires=self.wires[i])
for k in range(2,(len(self.wires)-i)+1):
CR_k_inv(k,wires=[self.wires[i+(k-1)],self.wires[i]])
# block of SWAP gates
# works both if len(wires)%2 == 0 or len(wires)%2 == 1
for i in range(int(len(self.wires)/2)):
qml.SWAP(wires=[self.wires[i],self.wires[len(self.wires)-(i+1)]])
return tape
def test_swap_decomposition(self):
"""Tests the swap operator produces the correct output"""
opr = qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1])
decomp = opr.decompose()
mat = []
for op in reversed(decomp):
if isinstance(op, qml.CNOT) and op.wires.tolist() == [0, 1]:
mat.append(CNOT)
elif isinstance(op, qml.CNOT) and op.wires.tolist() == [1, 0]:
mat.append(np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0]]))
decomposed_matrix = np.linalg.multi_dot(mat)
assert np.allclose(decomposed_matrix, opr.matrix)
def circuit():
"""A combination of two qubit gates with the one_qubit_block and a simple PauliZ
measurement applied to an input basis state"""
qml.BasisState(np.array(basis_state), wires=[0, 1])
qml.RX(0.5, wires=0)
qml.Hadamard(wires=1)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
qml.CZ(wires=[1, 0])
one_qubit_block(wires=0)
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1])
qml.CRX(0.5, wires=[1, 0])
qml.CRY(0.9, wires=[0, 1])
one_qubit_block(wires=1)
qml.CRZ(0.02, wires=[0, 1])
qml.CRot(0.2, 0.3, 0.7, wires=[0, 1])
return qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0))
def test_four_qubit_random_circuit(self, shots):
"""Test a four-qubit random circuit with the whole set of possible gates,
the test is analog to a failing device test and is used to check the try/except
expval function from the mixed_simulator device."""
dev = qml.device("cirq.mixedsimulator", wires=4)
gates = [
qml.PauliX(wires=0),
qml.PauliY(wires=1),
qml.PauliZ(wires=2),
qml.S(wires=3),
qml.T(wires=0),
qml.RX(2.3, wires=1),
qml.RY(1.3, wires=2),
qml.RZ(3.3, wires=3),
qml.Hadamard(wires=0),
qml.Rot(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, wires=1),
qml.CRot(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, wires=[2, 3]),
qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 1, 2]),
qml.SWAP(wires=[1, 2]),
qml.CSWAP(wires=[1, 2, 3]),
qml.U1(1.0, wires=0),
qml.U2(1.0, 2.0, wires=2),
qml.U3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, wires=3),
qml.CRX(0.1, wires=[1, 2]),
qml.CRY(0.2, wires=[2, 3]),
qml.CRZ(0.3, wires=[3, 1]),
]
layers = 3
np.random.seed(1967)
gates_per_layers = [pnp.random.permutation(gates).numpy() for _ in range(layers)]
def circuit():
"""4-qubit circuit with layers of randomly selected gates and random connections for
multi-qubit gates."""
np.random.seed(1967)
for gates in gates_per_layers:
for gate in gates:
qml.apply(gate)
return qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0))
qnode = qml.QNode(circuit, dev)
assert np.allclose(qnode(), 0.0)
def compute_matrix_from_ops_two_qubit(ops, wire_order):
"""Given a list of two-qubit operations, construct its matrix representation."""
mat = qml.math.kron(I, I)
for op in ops:
if len(op.wires) == 1:
if op.wires == qml.wires.Wires(wire_order[0]):
mat = qml.math.dot(qml.math.kron(op.matrix, I), mat)
else:
mat = qml.math.dot(qml.math.kron(I, op.matrix), mat)
else:
if op.wires == qml.wires.Wires(wire_order):
mat = qml.math.dot(op.matrix, mat)
else:
mat = qml.math.dot(
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1]).matrix,
qml.math.dot(op.matrix, mat))
return mat
def parameterized_qubit_tape():
"""A parametrized qubit ciruit."""
a, b, c = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3
angles = np.array([0.4, 0.5, 0.6])
with qml.tape.QuantumTape() as tape:
qml.RX(a, wires=0)
qml.RX(b, wires=1)
qml.PauliZ(1)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]).inv()
qml.CRY(b, wires=[3, 1])
qml.RX(angles[0], wires=0)
qml.RX(4 * angles[1], wires=1)
qml.PhaseShift(17 / 9 * c, wires=2)
qml.RZ(b, wires=3)
qml.RX(angles[2], wires=2).inv()
qml.CRY(0.3589, wires=[3, 1]).inv()
qml.CSWAP(wires=[4, 2, 1]).inv()
qml.QubitUnitary(np.eye(2), wires=[2])
qml.ControlledQubitUnitary(np.eye(2), control_wires=[0, 1], wires=[2])
qml.MultiControlledX(control_wires=[0, 1, 2], wires=[3])
qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1])
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 2])
qml.PauliZ(wires=[1])
qml.PauliZ(wires=[1]).inv()
qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1])
qml.CZ(wires=[0, 2]).inv()
qml.CY(wires=[1, 2])
qml.CY(wires=[2, 0]).inv()
qml.CNOT(wires=[2, 1])
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 2])
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 2]).inv()
qml.CNOT(wires=[1, 3])
qml.RZ(b, wires=3)
qml.CSWAP(wires=[4, 0, 1])
qml.expval(qml.PauliY(0)),
qml.var(qml.Hadamard(wires=1)),
qml.sample(qml.PauliX(2)),
qml.expval(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[3, 4])),
return tape
def permute_qubits(num_qubits):
# A random permutation
perm_order = list(rng.permutation(num_qubits))
working_order = list(range(num_qubits))
# We will permute by iterating through the permutation and swapping
# things back to their proper place.
for idx_here in range(num_qubits):
if working_order[idx_here] != perm_order[idx_here]:
# Where do we need to send the qubit at this location?
idx_there = working_order.index(perm_order[idx_here])
qml.SWAP(wires=[idx_here, idx_there])
# Update the working order to account for the SWAP
working_order[idx_here], working_order[idx_there] = (
working_order[idx_there],
working_order[idx_here],
)
def qft_3():
""" 3 qubit Quantum Fourier Transform.
Returns:
the probabilities of each of the basis states from qml.probs
"""
# The following 2 for loops represent the Quantum Fourier Transform
for n in range(3, 0, -1):
qml.Hadamard(wires=('wire' + str(n)))
for k in range(n - 1, 0, -1):
b = n - 1
U = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0,
np.exp((np.pi / float(2**(n - k))) * 1j)]])
qml.QubitUnitary(U,
wires=[('wire' + str(k)), ('wire' + str(b + 1))])
qml.SWAP(wires=['wire1', 'wire3'])
return qml.probs(wires=['wire3', 'wire2', 'wire1'])
def test_integration():
gates = [
qml.PauliX(wires=0),
qml.PauliY(wires=0),
qml.PauliZ(wires=0),
qml.S(wires=0),
qml.T(wires=0),
qml.RX(0.4, wires=0),
qml.RY(0.4, wires=0),
qml.RZ(0.4, wires=0),
qml.Hadamard(wires=0),
qml.Rot(0.4, 0.5, 0.6, wires=1),
qml.CRot(0.4, 0.5, 0.6, wires=(0, 1)),
qml.Toffoli(wires=(0, 1, 2)),
qml.SWAP(wires=(0, 1)),
qml.CSWAP(wires=(0, 1, 2)),
qml.U1(0.4, wires=0),
qml.U2(0.4, 0.5, wires=0),
qml.U3(0.4, 0.5, 0.6, wires=0),
qml.CRX(0.4, wires=(0, 1)),
qml.CRY(0.4, wires=(0, 1)),
qml.CRZ(0.4, wires=(0, 1)),
]
layers = 3
np.random.seed(1967)
gates_per_layers = [np.random.permutation(gates) for _ in range(layers)]
with qml.tape.QuantumTape() as tape:
np.random.seed(1967)
for gates in gates_per_layers:
for gate in gates:
qml.apply(gate)
base_circ = from_pennylane(tape)
tape_recovered = to_pennylane(base_circ)
circ_recovered = from_pennylane(tape_recovered)
u_1 = cirq.unitary(base_circ)
u_2 = cirq.unitary(circ_recovered)
cirq.testing.assert_allclose_up_to_global_phase(u_1, u_2, atol=0)
def qpe():
""" Quantum phase estimation on a single-qubit unitary with 3-bit prcision.
Returns:
the probabilities of each of the basis stats from qml.probs
"""
# Initialize qubit 4 to state 1
qml.PauliX(wires='wire4')
# Transform the other 3 qubits into the Hadamard basis
qml.Hadamard(wires='wire3')
qml.Hadamard(wires='wire2')
qml.Hadamard(wires='wire1')
angle = 5 * (np.pi / 4)
U1 = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0, np.exp(angle * 1j)]])
# The following two for loops represent the relevant controlled unitary operations
iterations = 1
for i in range(3):
for j in range(iterations):
qml.QubitUnitary(U1, wires=[('wire' + str(i + 1)), 'wire4'])
iterations = iterations * 2
qml.SWAP(wires=['wire1', 'wire3'])
# The following two for loops represent the Inverse Quantum Fourier Transform
for n in range(3):
for k in range(n):
U2 = np.array(
[[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0, np.exp((-np.pi / float(2**(n - k))) * 1j)]])
qml.QubitUnitary(U2,
wires=[('wire' + str(k + 1)),
('wire' + str(n + 1))])
qml.Hadamard(wires=('wire' + str(n + 1)))
return qml.probs(wires=['wire3', 'wire2', 'wire1'])
def test_nested_tapes(self):
with qml.tape.QuantumTape() as tape:
with qml.tape.QuantumTape():
qml.PauliX(0)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 2])
with qml.tape.QuantumTape():
qml.QuantumPhaseEstimation(
qml.PauliY.matrix, target_wires=[1], estimation_wires=[2]
)
qml.CNOT(wires=[1, 2])
qml.Hadamard(1)
with qml.tape.QuantumTape():
qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1])
qml.state()
expected = (
" 0: ──╭QuantumTape:T0─────╭QuantumTape:T1──╭┤ State \n"
+ " 1: ──├QuantumTape:T0──H──╰QuantumTape:T1──├┤ State \n"
+ " 2: ──╰QuantumTape:T0──────────────────────╰┤ State \n"
+ "T0 =\n"
+ " 0: ──X──╭C───────────────────┤ \n"
+ " 2: ─────╰X──╭QuantumTape:T2──┤ \n"
+ " 1: ─────────╰QuantumTape:T2──┤ \n"
+ "T2 =\n"
+ " 1: ──╭QuantumPhaseEstimation(M0)──╭C──┤ \n"
+ " 2: ──╰QuantumPhaseEstimation(M0)──╰X──┤ \n"
+ "M0 =\n"
+ "[[ 0.+0.j -0.-1.j]\n"
+ " [ 0.+1.j 0.+0.j]]\n"
+ "\n"
+ "\n"
+ "T1 =\n"
+ " 0: ──╭SWAP──┤ \n"
+ " 1: ──╰SWAP──┤ \n"
+ "\n"
)
assert tape.draw(wire_order=qml.wires.Wires([0, 1, 2])) == expected
def decomposition(wires):
num_wires = len(wires)
shifts = [2 * np.pi * 2**-i for i in range(2, num_wires + 1)]
decomp_ops = []
for i, wire in enumerate(wires):
decomp_ops.append(qml.Hadamard(wire))
for shift, control_wire in zip(shifts[:len(shifts) - i],
wires[i + 1:]):
op = qml.ControlledPhaseShift(shift,
wires=[control_wire, wire])
decomp_ops.append(op)
first_half_wires = wires[:num_wires // 2]
last_half_wires = wires[-(num_wires // 2):]
for wire1, wire2 in zip(first_half_wires, reversed(last_half_wires)):
swap = qml.SWAP(wires=[wire1, wire2])
decomp_ops.append(swap)
return decomp_ops
def qft_3_with_inverse_check():
""" 3 qubit Quantum Fourier Transform as well as a 3 Qubit Inverse Fourier Transform
used to verify QFT implementation
Returns:
the probabilities of each of the basis states from qml.probs
"""
# Lets test with 100
qml.PauliX('wire1')
# The following 2 for loops represent the Quantum Fourier Transform
for n in range(3, 0, -1):
qml.Hadamard(wires=('wire' + str(n)))
for k in range(n - 1, 0, -1):
b = n - 1
U1 = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0,
np.exp((np.pi / float(2**(n - k))) * 1j)]])
qml.QubitUnitary(U1,
wires=[('wire' + str(k)), ('wire' + str(b + 1))])
# The following 2 for loops represent the Inverse Quantum Fourier Transform used to ensure that
# we can return to the original state after the Quantum Fourier Transform
for n in range(3):
for k in range(n):
U2 = np.array(
[[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0, np.exp((-np.pi / float(2**(n - k))) * 1j)]])
qml.QubitUnitary(U2,
wires=[('wire' + str(k + 1)),
('wire' + str(n + 1))])
qml.Hadamard(wires=('wire' + str(n + 1)))
qml.SWAP(wires=['wire1', 'wire3'])
#return qml.probs(wires=['wire1' ,'wire2', 'wire3'])
return qml.probs(wires=['wire3', 'wire2', 'wire1'])
def circuit2():
# create input state of 1
qml.PauliX(wires=3)
# apply phase estimation circuit
qml.Hadamard(wires=0)
qml.Hadamard(wires=1)
qml.Hadamard(wires=2)
qml.CRZ(5*pi/2, wires=[2,3])
for i in range (2):
qml.CRZ(5*pi/2, wires=[1,3])
for i in range(4):
qml.CRZ(5*pi/2, wires=[0,3])
# QFT-1
qml.SWAP(wires=[0,2])
qml.Hadamard(wires=2)
qml.CRZ(pi/2,wires=[2,1]).inv()
qml.CRZ(pi/4,wires=[2,0]).inv()
qml.Hadamard(wires=1)
qml.CRZ(pi/2,wires=[1,0]).inv()
qml.Hadamard(wires=0)
return qml.probs(wires=[0,1,2])
class TestProgramConverter:
"""Test that PyQuil Program instances are properly converted."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"pyquil_operation,expected_pl_operation",
[
(g.I(0), qml.Identity(wires=[0])),
(g.H(0), qml.Hadamard(0)),
(g.H(0).dagger(), qml.Hadamard(0).inv()),
(g.H(0).dagger().dagger(), qml.Hadamard(0).inv().inv()),
(g.S(0), qml.S(wires=[0])),
(g.S(0).dagger(), qml.S(wires=[0]).inv()),
(g.S(0).dagger().dagger(), qml.S(wires=[0]).inv().inv()),
(g.T(0), qml.T(wires=[0])),
(g.T(0).dagger(), qml.T(wires=[0]).inv()),
(g.T(0).dagger().dagger(), qml.T(wires=[0]).inv().inv()),
(g.X(0), qml.PauliX(0)),
(g.X(0).dagger(), qml.PauliX(0).inv()),
(g.X(0).dagger().dagger(), qml.PauliX(0).inv().inv()),
(g.X(0).controlled(1), qml.CNOT(wires=[1, 0])),
(g.X(0).controlled(1).dagger(), qml.CNOT(wires=[1, 0]).inv()),
(g.X(0).controlled(1).dagger().dagger(),
qml.CNOT(wires=[1, 0]).inv().inv()),
(g.X(0).controlled(1).controlled(2),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 1, 0])),
(g.X(0).controlled(1).controlled(2).dagger(),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 1, 0]).inv()),
(
g.X(0).controlled(1).controlled(2).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 1, 0]).inv().inv(),
),
(g.Y(0), qml.PauliY(0)),
(g.Y(0).dagger(), qml.PauliY(0).inv()),
(g.Y(0).dagger().dagger(), qml.PauliY(0).inv().inv()),
(g.Z(0), qml.PauliZ(0)),
(g.Z(0).dagger(), qml.PauliZ(0).inv()),
(g.Z(0).dagger().dagger(), qml.PauliZ(0).inv().inv()),
(g.Z(0).controlled(1), qml.CZ(wires=[1, 0])),
(g.Z(0).controlled(1).dagger(), qml.CZ(wires=[1, 0]).inv()),
(g.Z(0).controlled(1).dagger().dagger(),
qml.CZ(wires=[1, 0]).inv().inv()),
(g.CNOT(0, 1), qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])),
(g.CNOT(0, 1).dagger(), qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]).inv()),
(g.CNOT(0,
1).dagger().dagger(), qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]).inv().inv()),
(g.CNOT(0, 1).controlled(2), plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 0, 1])),
(g.CNOT(0, 1).controlled(2).dagger(),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 0, 1]).inv()),
(
g.CNOT(0, 1).controlled(2).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 0, 1]).inv().inv(),
),
(g.SWAP(0, 1), qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1])),
(g.SWAP(0, 1).dagger(), qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1]).inv()),
(g.SWAP(0,
1).dagger().dagger(), qml.SWAP(wires=[0, 1]).inv().inv()),
(g.SWAP(0, 1).controlled(2), qml.CSWAP(wires=[2, 0, 1])),
(g.SWAP(0, 1).controlled(2).dagger(),
qml.CSWAP(wires=[2, 0, 1]).inv()),
(g.SWAP(0, 1).controlled(2).dagger().dagger(),
qml.CSWAP(wires=[2, 0, 1]).inv().inv()),
(g.ISWAP(0, 1), plf.ops.ISWAP(wires=[0, 1])),
(g.ISWAP(0, 1).dagger(), plf.ops.ISWAP(wires=[0, 1]).inv()),
(g.ISWAP(0, 1).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.ISWAP(wires=[0, 1]).inv().inv()),
(g.PSWAP(0.3, 0, 1), plf.ops.PSWAP(0.3, wires=[0, 1])),
(g.PSWAP(0.3, 0, 1).dagger(), plf.ops.PSWAP(0.3, wires=[0, 1
]).inv()),
(g.PSWAP(0.3, 0, 1).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.PSWAP(0.3, wires=[0, 1]).inv().inv()),
(g.CZ(0, 1), qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1])),
(g.CZ(0, 1).dagger(), qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1]).inv()),
(g.CZ(0, 1).dagger().dagger(), qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1]).inv().inv()),
(g.PHASE(0.3, 0), qml.PhaseShift(0.3, wires=[0])),
(g.PHASE(0.3, 0).dagger(), qml.PhaseShift(0.3, wires=[0]).inv()),
(g.PHASE(0.3, 0).dagger().dagger(), qml.PhaseShift(
0.3, wires=[0]).inv().inv()),
(g.PHASE(0.3, 0).controlled(1), plf.ops.CPHASE(
0.3, 3, wires=[1, 0])),
(g.PHASE(0.3, 0).controlled(1).dagger(),
plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 3, wires=[1, 0]).inv()),
(
g.PHASE(0.3, 0).controlled(1).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 3, wires=[1, 0]).inv().inv(),
),
(g.RX(0.3, 0), qml.RX(0.3, wires=[0])),
(g.RX(0.3, 0).dagger(), qml.RX(0.3, wires=[0]).inv()),
(g.RX(0.3, 0).dagger().dagger(), qml.RX(0.3,
wires=[0]).inv().inv()),
(g.RX(0.3, 0).controlled(1), qml.CRX(0.3, wires=[1, 0])),
(g.RX(0.3, 0).controlled(1).dagger(), qml.CRX(0.3,
wires=[1, 0]).inv()),
(g.RX(0.3, 0).controlled(1).dagger().dagger(),
qml.CRX(0.3, wires=[1, 0]).inv().inv()),
(g.RY(0.3, 0), qml.RY(0.3, wires=[0])),
(g.RY(0.3, 0).dagger(), qml.RY(0.3, wires=[0]).inv()),
(g.RY(0.3, 0).dagger().dagger(), qml.RY(0.3,
wires=[0]).inv().inv()),
(g.RY(0.3, 0).controlled(1), qml.CRY(0.3, wires=[1, 0])),
(g.RY(0.3, 0).controlled(1).dagger(), qml.CRY(0.3,
wires=[1, 0]).inv()),
(g.RY(0.3, 0).controlled(1).dagger().dagger(),
qml.CRY(0.3, wires=[1, 0]).inv().inv()),
(g.RZ(0.3, 0), qml.RZ(0.3, wires=[0])),
(g.RZ(0.3, 0).dagger(), qml.RZ(0.3, wires=[0]).inv()),
(g.RZ(0.3, 0).dagger().dagger(), qml.RZ(0.3,
wires=[0]).inv().inv()),
(g.RZ(0.3, 0).controlled(1), qml.CRZ(0.3, wires=[1, 0])),
(g.RZ(0.3, 0).controlled(1).dagger(), qml.CRZ(0.3,
wires=[1, 0]).inv()),
(g.RZ(0.3, 0).controlled(1).dagger().dagger(),
qml.CRZ(0.3, wires=[1, 0]).inv().inv()),
(g.CPHASE(0.3, 0, 1), plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 3, wires=[0, 1])),
(g.CPHASE(0.3, 0, 1).dagger(), plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 3,
wires=[0, 1]).inv()),
(
g.CPHASE(0.3, 0, 1).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 3, wires=[0, 1]).inv().inv(),
),
(g.CPHASE00(0.3, 0, 1), plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 0, wires=[0, 1])),
(g.CPHASE00(0.3, 0, 1).dagger(),
plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 0, wires=[0, 1]).inv()),
(
g.CPHASE00(0.3, 0, 1).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 0, wires=[0, 1]).inv().inv(),
),
(g.CPHASE01(0.3, 0, 1), plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 1, wires=[0, 1])),
(g.CPHASE01(0.3, 0, 1).dagger(),
plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 1, wires=[0, 1]).inv()),
(
g.CPHASE01(0.3, 0, 1).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 1, wires=[0, 1]).inv().inv(),
),
(g.CPHASE10(0.3, 0, 1), plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 2, wires=[0, 1])),
(g.CPHASE10(0.3, 0, 1).dagger(),
plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 2, wires=[0, 1]).inv()),
(
g.CPHASE10(0.3, 0, 1).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.CPHASE(0.3, 2, wires=[0, 1]).inv().inv(),
),
(g.CSWAP(0, 1, 2), qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 1, 2])),
(g.CSWAP(0, 1, 2).dagger(), qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 1, 2]).inv()),
(g.CSWAP(0, 1, 2).dagger().dagger(),
qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 1, 2]).inv().inv()),
(g.CCNOT(0, 1, 2), plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[0, 1, 2])),
(g.CCNOT(0, 1, 2).dagger(), plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[0, 1, 2]).inv()),
(g.CCNOT(0, 1, 2).dagger().dagger(),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[0, 1, 2]).inv().inv()),
],
)
def test_convert_operation(self, pyquil_operation, expected_pl_operation):
"""Test that single pyquil gates are properly converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
program += pyquil_operation
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
loader = load_program(program)
loader(wires=range(len(loader.defined_qubits)))
assert rec.queue[0].name == expected_pl_operation.name
assert rec.queue[0].wires == expected_pl_operation.wires
assert rec.queue[0].params == expected_pl_operation.params
def test_convert_simple_program(self):
"""Test that a simple program is properly converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
program += g.H(0)
program += g.RZ(0.34, 1)
program += g.CNOT(0, 3)
program += g.H(2)
program += g.H(7)
program += g.X(7)
program += g.Y(1)
program += g.RZ(0.34, 1)
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(5))
# The wires should be assigned as
# 0 1 2 3 7
# 0 1 2 3 4
expected_queue = [
qml.Hadamard(0),
qml.RZ(0.34, wires=[1]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 3]),
qml.Hadamard(2),
qml.Hadamard(4),
qml.PauliX(4),
qml.PauliY(1),
qml.RZ(0.34, wires=[1]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert converted.params == expected.params
def test_convert_simple_program_with_parameters(self):
"""Test that a simple program with parameters is properly converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
alpha = program.declare("alpha", "REAL")
beta = program.declare("beta", "REAL")
gamma = program.declare("gamma", "REAL")
program += g.H(0)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += g.RX(alpha, 1)
program += g.RZ(beta, 1)
program += g.RX(gamma, 1)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += g.H(0)
a, b, c = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3
parameter_map = {"alpha": a, "beta": b, "gamma": c}
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(2), parameter_map=parameter_map)
expected_queue = [
qml.Hadamard(0),
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.RX(0.1, wires=[1]),
qml.RZ(0.2, wires=[1]),
qml.RX(0.3, wires=[1]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.Hadamard(0),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert converted.params == expected.params
def test_parameter_not_given_error(self):
"""Test that the correct error is raised if a parameter is not given."""
program = pyquil.Program()
alpha = program.declare("alpha", "REAL")
beta = program.declare("beta", "REAL")
program += g.H(0)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += g.RX(alpha, 1)
program += g.RZ(beta, 1)
a = 0.1
parameter_map = {"alpha": a}
with pytest.raises(
qml.DeviceError,
match=
"The PyQuil program defines a variable .* that is not present in the given variable map",
):
load_program(program)(wires=range(2), parameter_map=parameter_map)
def test_convert_simple_program_with_parameters_mixed_keys(self):
"""Test that a parametrized program is properly converted when
the variable map contains mixed key types."""
program = pyquil.Program()
alpha = program.declare("alpha", "REAL")
beta = program.declare("beta", "REAL")
gamma = program.declare("gamma", "REAL")
delta = program.declare("delta", "REAL")
program += g.H(0)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += g.RX(alpha, 1)
program += g.RZ(beta, 1)
program += g.RX(gamma, 1)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += g.RZ(delta, 0)
program += g.H(0)
a, b, c, d = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4
parameter_map = {"alpha": a, beta: b, gamma: c, "delta": d}
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(2), parameter_map=parameter_map)
expected_queue = [
qml.Hadamard(0),
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.RX(0.1, wires=[1]),
qml.RZ(0.2, wires=[1]),
qml.RX(0.3, wires=[1]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.RZ(0.4, wires=[0]),
qml.Hadamard(0),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert converted.params == expected.params
def test_convert_simple_program_wire_assignment(self):
"""Test that the assignment of qubits to wires works as expected."""
program = pyquil.Program()
program += g.H(0)
program += g.RZ(0.34, 1)
program += g.CNOT(0, 3)
program += g.H(2)
program += g.H(7)
program += g.X(7)
program += g.Y(1)
program += g.RZ(0.34, 1)
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=[3, 6, 4, 9, 1])
# The wires should be assigned as
# 0 1 2 3 7
# 3 6 4 9 1
expected_queue = [
qml.Hadamard(3),
qml.RZ(0.34, wires=[6]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[3, 9]),
qml.Hadamard(4),
qml.Hadamard(1),
qml.PauliX(1),
qml.PauliY(6),
qml.RZ(0.34, wires=[6]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert converted.params == expected.params
@pytest.mark.parametrize("wires", [[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5]])
def test_convert_wire_error(self, wires):
"""Test that the conversion raises an error if the given number
of wires doesn't match the number of qubits in the Program."""
program = pyquil.Program()
program += g.H(0)
program += g.H(1)
program += g.H(2)
with pytest.raises(
qml.DeviceError,
match=
"The number of given wires does not match the number of qubits in the PyQuil Program",
):
load_program(program)(wires=wires)
def test_convert_program_with_inverses(self):
"""Test that a program with inverses is properly converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
program += g.H(0)
program += g.RZ(0.34, 1).dagger()
program += g.CNOT(0, 3).dagger()
program += g.H(2)
program += g.H(7).dagger().dagger()
program += g.X(7).dagger()
program += g.X(7)
program += g.Y(1)
program += g.RZ(0.34, 1)
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(5))
expected_queue = [
qml.Hadamard(0),
qml.RZ(0.34, wires=[1]).inv(),
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 3]).inv(),
qml.Hadamard(2),
qml.Hadamard(4),
qml.PauliX(4).inv(),
qml.PauliX(4),
qml.PauliY(1),
qml.RZ(0.34, wires=[1]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert converted.params == expected.params
def test_convert_program_with_controlled_operations(self):
"""Test that a program with controlled operations is properly converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
program += g.RZ(0.34, 1)
program += g.RY(0.2, 3).controlled(2)
program += g.RX(0.4, 2).controlled(0)
program += g.CNOT(1, 4)
program += g.CNOT(1, 6).controlled(3)
program += g.X(3).controlled(4).controlled(1)
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(6))
expected_queue = [
qml.RZ(0.34, wires=[1]),
qml.CRY(0.2, wires=[2, 3]),
qml.CRX(0.4, wires=[0, 2]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[1, 4]),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[3, 1, 5]),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[1, 4, 3]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert converted.params == expected.params
def test_convert_program_with_controlled_operations_not_in_pl_core(
self, tol):
"""Test that a program with controlled operations out of scope of PL core/PLF
is properly converted, i.e. the operations are replaced with controlled operations."""
program = pyquil.Program()
CS_matrix = np.eye(4, dtype=complex)
CS_matrix[3, 3] = 1j
CCT_matrix = np.eye(8, dtype=complex)
CCT_matrix[7, 7] = np.exp(1j * np.pi / 4)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += g.S(0).controlled(1)
program += g.S(1).controlled(0)
program += g.T(0).controlled(1).controlled(2)
program += g.T(1).controlled(0).controlled(2)
program += g.T(2).controlled(1).controlled(0)
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(3))
expected_queue = [
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.QubitUnitary(CS_matrix, wires=[1, 0]),
qml.QubitUnitary(CS_matrix, wires=[0, 1]),
qml.QubitUnitary(CCT_matrix, wires=[2, 1, 0]),
qml.QubitUnitary(CCT_matrix, wires=[2, 0, 1]),
qml.QubitUnitary(CCT_matrix, wires=[0, 1, 2]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert np.allclose(converted.params,
expected.params,
atol=tol,
rtol=0)
def test_convert_program_with_controlled_dagger_operations(self):
"""Test that a program that combines controlled and daggered operations
is properly converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
program += g.CNOT(0, 1).controlled(2)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1).dagger().controlled(2)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1).controlled(2).dagger()
program += g.CNOT(0, 1).dagger().controlled(2).dagger()
program += g.RX(0.3, 3).controlled(4)
program += g.RX(0.2, 3).controlled(4).dagger()
program += g.RX(0.3, 3).dagger().controlled(4)
program += g.RX(0.2, 3).dagger().controlled(4).dagger()
program += g.X(2).dagger().controlled(4).controlled(1).dagger()
program += g.X(0).dagger().controlled(4).controlled(1)
program += g.X(0).dagger().controlled(4).dagger().dagger().controlled(
1).dagger()
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(5))
expected_queue = [
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 0, 1]),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 0, 1]).inv(),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 0, 1]).inv(),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[2, 0, 1]),
qml.CRX(0.3, wires=[4, 3]),
qml.CRX(0.2, wires=[4, 3]).inv(),
qml.CRX(0.3, wires=[4, 3]).inv(),
qml.CRX(0.2, wires=[4, 3]),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[1, 4, 2]),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[1, 4, 0]).inv(),
plf.ops.CCNOT(wires=[1, 4, 0]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert converted.params == expected.params
def test_convert_program_with_defgates(self):
"""Test that a program that defines its own gates is properly converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
sqrt_x = np.array([[0.5 + 0.5j, 0.5 - 0.5j], [0.5 - 0.5j, 0.5 + 0.5j]])
sqrt_x_t2 = np.kron(sqrt_x, sqrt_x)
sqrt_x_t3 = np.kron(sqrt_x, sqrt_x_t2)
sqrt_x_definition = pyquil.quil.DefGate("SQRT-X", sqrt_x)
SQRT_X = sqrt_x_definition.get_constructor()
sqrt_x_t2_definition = pyquil.quil.DefGate("SQRT-X-T2", sqrt_x_t2)
SQRT_X_T2 = sqrt_x_t2_definition.get_constructor()
sqrt_x_t3_definition = pyquil.quil.DefGate("SQRT-X-T3", sqrt_x_t3)
SQRT_X_T3 = sqrt_x_t3_definition.get_constructor()
program += sqrt_x_definition
program += sqrt_x_t2_definition
program += sqrt_x_t3_definition
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += SQRT_X(0)
program += SQRT_X_T2(1, 2)
program += SQRT_X_T3(1, 0, 2)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += g.CNOT(1, 2)
program += g.CNOT(2, 0)
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(3))
expected_queue = [
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.QubitUnitary(sqrt_x, wires=[0]),
qml.QubitUnitary(sqrt_x_t2, wires=[1, 2]),
qml.QubitUnitary(sqrt_x_t3, wires=[1, 0, 2]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[1, 2]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[2, 0]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert converted.params == expected.params
def test_convert_program_with_controlled_defgates(self, tol):
"""Test that a program with controlled defined gates is properly
converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
sqrt_x = np.array([[0.5 + 0.5j, 0.5 - 0.5j], [0.5 - 0.5j, 0.5 + 0.5j]])
sqrt_x_t2 = np.kron(sqrt_x, sqrt_x)
c_sqrt_x = np.eye(4, dtype=complex)
c_sqrt_x[2:, 2:] = sqrt_x
c_sqrt_x_t2 = np.eye(8, dtype=complex)
c_sqrt_x_t2[4:, 4:] = sqrt_x_t2
sqrt_x_definition = pyquil.quil.DefGate("SQRT-X", sqrt_x)
SQRT_X = sqrt_x_definition.get_constructor()
sqrt_x_t2_definition = pyquil.quil.DefGate("SQRT-X-T2", sqrt_x_t2)
SQRT_X_T2 = sqrt_x_t2_definition.get_constructor()
program += sqrt_x_definition
program += sqrt_x_t2_definition
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += SQRT_X(0).controlled(1)
program += SQRT_X_T2(1, 2).controlled(0)
program += g.X(0).controlled(1)
program += g.RX(0.4, 0)
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(3))
expected_queue = [
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.QubitUnitary(c_sqrt_x, wires=[1, 0]),
qml.QubitUnitary(c_sqrt_x_t2, wires=[0, 1, 2]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[1, 0]),
qml.RX(0.4, wires=[0]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert np.allclose(converted.params,
expected.params,
atol=tol,
rtol=0)
def test_convert_program_with_defpermutationgates(self):
"""Test that a program with gates defined via DefPermutationGate is
properly converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
expected_matrix = np.eye(4)
expected_matrix = expected_matrix[:, [1, 0, 3, 2]]
x_plus_x_definition = pyquil.quil.DefPermutationGate(
"X+X", [1, 0, 3, 2])
X_plus_X = x_plus_x_definition.get_constructor()
program += x_plus_x_definition
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += X_plus_X(0, 1)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(2))
expected_queue = [
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.QubitUnitary(expected_matrix, wires=[0, 1]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert np.array_equal(converted.params, expected.params)
def test_convert_program_with_controlled_defpermutationgates(self):
"""Test that a program that uses controlled permutation gates
is properly converted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
expected_matrix = np.eye(4)
expected_matrix = expected_matrix[:, [1, 0, 3, 2]]
expected_controlled_matrix = np.eye(8)
expected_controlled_matrix[4:, 4:] = expected_matrix
x_plus_x_definition = pyquil.quil.DefPermutationGate(
"X+X", [1, 0, 3, 2])
X_plus_X = x_plus_x_definition.get_constructor()
program += x_plus_x_definition
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += X_plus_X(0, 1).controlled(2)
program += X_plus_X(1, 2).controlled(0)
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
with OperationRecorder() as rec:
load_program(program)(wires=range(3))
expected_queue = [
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
qml.QubitUnitary(expected_controlled_matrix, wires=[2, 0, 1]),
qml.QubitUnitary(expected_controlled_matrix, wires=[0, 1, 2]),
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]),
]
for converted, expected in zip(rec.queue, expected_queue):
assert converted.name == expected.name
assert converted.wires == expected.wires
assert np.array_equal(converted.params, expected.params)
def test_forked_gate_error(self):
"""Test that an error is raised if conversion of a
forked gate is attempted."""
program = pyquil.Program()
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
program += g.RX(0.3, 1).forked(2, [0.5])
program += g.CNOT(0, 1)
with pytest.raises(
qml.DeviceError,
match=
"Forked gates can not be imported into PennyLane, as this functionality is not supported",
):
load_program(program)(wires=range(3))
def circuit(x):
qml.RX(x, wires=[0])
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
qml.SWAP(wires=[1, 0])
qml.RZ(-0.2, wires=[1])
return qml.probs(wires=[0]), qml.var(qml.Hermitian(H, wires=1))
