def validate_asd(**kwargs):
"""
Validation of all input parameters that go into std_step_clampon, std_step_emerson and sand_rate functions;
"""
for i in ['v_m', 'GLR', 'GOR']:
if i in kwargs:
if kwargs[i] is None:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('No calculation is done due to missing {}'.format(i))
if not isinstance(kwargs[i], (float, int)):
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('{} is not a number'.format(i))
if not kwargs[i] >= 0:
logger.warning('The model has got negative value(s) of {} and returned nan.'.format(i))
return True
def sand_rate(raw, zero, step, exp=1):
'''
ASD sand rate calculation
:param raw: raw value from ASD
:param zero: Background noise zero value (no sand production)
:param step: Sand noise
:param exp: Linearity exponent (calibration constant)
:return: Sand rate [g/s]
'''
for key, value in {'raw': raw, 'zero': zero, 'step': step, 'exp': exp}.items():
if value is None:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('No calculation is done due to missing {}'.format(key))
if raw > zero:
try:
Qs = (raw - zero)**exp / step
except ZeroDivisionError:
logger.warning('Step value equal to zero, sand rate set to NaN')
Qs = np.nan
else:
if Qs < 0:
logger.warning('Negative step. Sand rate set to NaN')
Qs = np.nan
else:
Qs = 0
return Qs
def validate_fluid_props(**kwargs):
"""
Validation of all input parameters that go into fluid properties models
"""
for i in [
'P', 'T', 'Qo', 'Qw', 'Qg', 'Z', 'D', 'rho_o', 'rho_w', 'MW',
'mu_o', 'mu_w', 'mu_g'
]:
if i in kwargs:
if kwargs[i] is None:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail(
'No fluid properties are calculated due to missing {}'.
format(i))
if not isinstance(kwargs[i], (float, int)):
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('{} is not a number'.format(i))
if not kwargs[i] >= 0:
logger.warning(
'The model has got negative value(s) of {} and returned nan.'
.format(i))
return True
def validate_inputs(**kwargs):
for i in ['rho_m', 'rho_l', 'mu_m', 'mu_l', 'd_p', 'e', 'rho_p', 'D']:
if i in kwargs:
if not isinstance(kwargs[i], (float, int)) or np.isnan(kwargs[i]):
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('{} is not a number'.format(i))
if not kwargs[i] >= 0:
logger.warning(
'The model got negative value(s) of {} and returned nan.'.
format(i))
return True
if 'angle' in kwargs:
if not isinstance(kwargs['angle'],
(float, int)) or np.isnan(kwargs['angle']):
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('angle is not a number')
if (kwargs['angle'] < 0) or (kwargs['angle'] > 89):
raise exc.FunctionInputFail(
'The inclination has to be positive and below 90 deg.')
return
def validate_inputs(**kwargs):
"""
Validation of all input parameters that go into probe models;
Besides validating for illegal data input, model parameters are limited within RP-O501 boundaries:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model parameter --- Lower boundary --- Upper boundary
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Measured erosion rate (E_meas) --- 0 --- ---
Mix velocity (v_m) --- 5 --- ---
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"""
for i in kwargs:
if i in ['E_meas', 'v_m']:
if not isinstance(kwargs[i], (float, int)):
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('{} is not a number'.format(i))
if kwargs[i] < 0:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('{} cannot be negative.'.format(i))
if i == 'v_m':
if kwargs[i] < 5:
logger.warning('Mix velocity, v_m = {} m/s, is too low (< 5 m/s) '
'to trust the quantification model.'.format(kwargs[i]))
def F(a_rad, angle_dependency):
"""
Angle dependency function, reference to DNVGL RP-O501, August 2015 (3.3)
:param a_rad: impact angle [radians]
:param angle_dependency: angle dependency (ductile or brittle)
:return: ductility factor
"""
if angle_dependency == 'ductile':
A, B, C, k = .6, 7.2, 20, .6
return A * (np.sin(a_rad) + B * (np.sin(a_rad) - np.sin(a_rad) ** 2))**k * (1 - np.exp(-C * a_rad))
elif angle_dependency == 'brittle':
return 2 * a_rad / np.pi
else:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('Angle dependency {} is not defined.'.format(angle_dependency))
def material_properties(material):
"""
Function to deal with material properties, reference to table 3-1 in DNVGL RP-O501, August 2015
:param material: Material. For a full list of materials run: materials()
:return: rho_t (material density), K (material constant), n (material exponent), angle_dependency
"""
properties = {'carbon_steel': (7800, 2e-9, 2.6, 'ductile'),
'duplex': (7850, 2e-9, 2.6, 'ductile'),
'ss316': (8000, 2e-9, 2.6, 'ductile'),
'inconel': (8440, 2e-9, 2.6, 'ductile'),
'grp_epoxy': (1800, 3e-10, 3.6, 'ductile'),
'grp_vinyl_ester': (1800, 6e-10, 3.6, 'ductile'),
'hdpe': (1150, 3.5e-9, 2.9, 'ductile'),
'aluminium': (2700, 5.8e-9, 2.3, 'ductile'),
'dc_05_tungsten': (15250, 1.1e-10, 2.3, 'brittle'),
'cs_10_tungsten': (14800, 3.2e-10, 2.2, 'brittle'),
'cr_37_tungsten': (14600, 8.8e-11, 2.5, 'brittle'),
'95_alu_oxide': (3700, 6.8e-8, 2, 'brittle'),
'99_alu_oxide': (3700, 9.5e-7, 1.2, 'brittle'),
'psz_ceramic_zirconia': (5700, 4.1e-9, 2.5, 'brittle'),
'ZrO2-Y3_ceramic_zirconia': (6070, 4e-11, 2.7, 'brittle'),
'SiC_silicon_carbide': (3100, 6.5e-9, 1.9, 'brittle'),
'Si3N4_silicon_nitride': (3200, 2e-10, 2, 'brittle'),
'TiB2_titanium_diboride': (4250, 9.3e-9, 1.9, 'brittle'),
'B4C_boron_carbide': (2500, 3e-8, .9, 'brittle'),
'SiSiC_ceramic_carbide': (3100, 7.4e-11, 2.7, 'brittle')}
if material == 'list':
return list(properties.keys())
if material not in properties:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('The material {} is not defined. For a full list of materials run materials()'
.format(material))
rho_t = properties[material][0]
K = properties[material][1]
n = properties[material][2]
angle_dependency = properties[material][3]
return rho_t, K, n, angle_dependency
def welded_joint(v_m, rho_m, D, d_p, h, alpha=60, location='downstream', material='duplex'):
'''
Particle erosion in welded joints, model reference to DNVGL RP-O501, August 2015
:param v_m: Mix velocity [m/s]
:param rho_m: Mix density [kg/m3]
:param D: Pipe diameter [m]
:param d_p: Particle diameter [mm]
:param h: height of the weld [m]
:param alpha: particle impact angle [degrees], default = 60
:param location: Erosion calculation locations 'downstream' or 'upstream' of weld, default = 'downstream'
:param material: Material exposed to erosion, default = 'duplex' (duplex steel). For others, run: materials()
:return: E_up: Relative erosion at flow facing part of weld [mm/ton]
:return: E_down: Relative erosion downstream of weld [mm/ton]
'''
# Input validation
kwargs = {'v_m': v_m, 'rho_m': rho_m, 'D': D, 'd_p': d_p, 'h': h, 'alpha': alpha}
if validate_inputs(**kwargs):
return np.nan
if (alpha < 0) or (alpha > 90):
logger.warning('Particle impact angle [degrees], alpha, is outside RP-O501 model boundaries (0-90 deg).')
rho_t, K, n, ad = material_properties(material)
A_pipe = np.pi * D**2 / 4
a_rad = np.deg2rad(alpha)
C_unit = 3.15e10 # Conversion factor from m/s to mm/year (4.24)
C2 = 10**6 * d_p / 1000 / (30 * rho_m**.5) # Particle size and fluid density correction factor (4.25)
if C2 >= 1:
C2 = 1
if location == 'downstream':
E_down = 3.3e-2 * (7.5e-4 + h) * v_m**n * D**(-2) * (1e6/C_unit)
return E_down
elif location == 'upstream':
E_up = K * F(a_rad, ad) * v_m ** n * np.sin(a_rad) / (rho_t * A_pipe) * C2 * 10**6
return E_up
else:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('Location must be either downstream or upstream. {} is passed.'.format(location))
def validate_inputs(**kwargs):
"""
Validation of all input parameters that go into erosion models;
Besides validating for illegal data input, model parameters are limited within RP-O501 boundaries:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model parameter --- Lower boundary --- Upper boundary
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mix velocity --- 0 --- 200 ---
Mix density --- 1 --- 1500 ---
Mix viscosity --- 1e-6 --- 1e-2 ---
Particle concentration [ppmV] --- 0 --- 500 ---
Particle diameter --- 0.02 --- 5 ---
Pipe inner diameter(D) --- 0.01 --- 1 ---
Particle impact angle --- 0 --- 90 ---
Bend radius --- 0.5 --- 50 ---
Manifold diameter --- D --- ---
Height of the weld --- 0 --- D ---
Radius of choke gallery (Rc) --- 0 --- ---
Gap cage and choke body (gap) --- 0 --- Rc ---
Height of gallery (H) --- 0 --- ---
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Geometry factor can only be 1, 2, 3 or 4
"""
if not 'rho_p' in kwargs:
kwargs['rho_p'] = 2650
for i in ['v_m', 'rho_m', 'mu_m', 'Q_s']:
if i in kwargs:
if not isinstance(kwargs[i], (float, int)) or np.isnan(kwargs[i]):
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('{} is not a number'.format(i))
if not kwargs[i] >= 0:
logger.warning('The model has got negative value(s) of {} and returned nan.'.format(i))
return True
if 'v_m' in kwargs:
if kwargs['v_m'] > 200:
logger.warning('Mix velocity, v_m, is outside RP-O501 model boundaries (0-200 m/s).')
if 'rho_m' in kwargs:
if (kwargs['rho_m'] < 1) or (kwargs['rho_m'] > 1500):
logger.warning('Mix density, rho_m, is outside RP-O501 model boundaries (1-1500 kg/m3).')
if 'mu_m' in kwargs:
if (kwargs['mu_m'] < 1e-6) or (kwargs['mu_m'] > 1e-2):
logger.warning(
'Mix viscosity, mu_m, is outside RP-O501 model boundaries (1e-6 - 1e-2 kg/ms).')
if ('Q_s' in kwargs) and ('rho_p' in kwargs) and ('v_m' in kwargs) and ('D' in kwargs):
ppmV = kwargs['Q_s'] / (kwargs['rho_p'] * kwargs['v_m'] * np.pi/4*kwargs['D']**2) * 1e3 # (4.20 in RP-O501)
if (ppmV < 0) or (ppmV > 500):
logger.warning('The particle concentration is outside RP-O501 model boundaries ( 0-500 ppmV).')
for j in ['R', 'GF', 'D', 'd_p', 'h', 'Dm', 'D1', 'D2', 'R_c', 'gap', 'H', 'alpha', 'At']:
if j in kwargs:
if not isinstance(kwargs[j], (int, float)) or np.isnan(kwargs[j]):
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('{} is not a number'.format(j))
for k in ['D', 'D1', 'D2']:
if k in kwargs:
if (kwargs[k] < 0.01) or (kwargs[k] > 1):
logger.warning('Pipe inner diameter, {}, is outside RP-O501 model boundaries (0.01 - 1 m).'.format(k))
if not kwargs[k] > 0:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail(' Pipe inner diameter, {}, must be positive'.format(k))
if 'd_p' in kwargs:
if (kwargs['d_p'] < 0.02) or (kwargs['d_p'] > 5):
logger.warning('Particle diameter, d_p, is outside RP-O501 model boundaries (0.02 - 5 mm).')
if kwargs['d_p'] < 0:
exc.FunctionInputFail('Particle diameter cannot be negative')
if 'GF' in kwargs:
if kwargs['GF'] not in [1, 2, 3, 4]:
logger.warning('Geometry factor, GF, can only be 1, 2, 3 or 4')
# bend/choke gallery
if 'R' in kwargs:
if (kwargs['R'] < 0.5) or (kwargs['R'] > 50):
logger.warning('Bend radius, R, is outside RP-O501 model boundaries.')
# manifold
if 'Dm' in kwargs:
if kwargs['Dm'] < kwargs['D']:
logger.warning('Manifold diameter, Dm, is expected to be bigger than branch pipe diameter, D')
# welded joint
if 'h' in kwargs:
if (kwargs['h'] < 0) or (kwargs['h'] > kwargs['D']):
logger.warning('Height of the weld, h, must positive number not exceeding pipe inner diameter size, D')
# choke gallery
for l in ['R_c', 'gap', 'H']:
if l in kwargs:
if not kwargs[l] > 0:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('{} has to be larger than 0'.format(l))
if 'R_c' in kwargs and 'gap' in kwargs:
if kwargs['gap'] > kwargs['R_c']:
raise exc.FunctionInputFail('The gap between the cage and choke body is larger than the radius')
# Nozzlevalve wall
if 'model' in kwargs:
if kwargs['model'] == 'nozzlevalve_wall' and kwargs['d_p'] > 0.6:
logger.warning('Particle diameter, d_p, is higher than CFD-study boundary (0.6 mm).')