def test_subtraction_noninplace(self):
"""
test subtraction
"""
pauli_a = 'IXYZ'
pauli_b = 'ZYIX'
coeff_a = 0.5
coeff_b = 0.5
pauli_term_a = [coeff_a, Pauli.from_label(pauli_a)]
pauli_term_b = [coeff_b, Pauli.from_label(pauli_b)]
op_a = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_a])
op_b = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_b])
copy_op_a = copy.deepcopy(op_a)
new_op = op_a - op_b
self.assertEqual(copy_op_a, op_a)
self.assertEqual(2, len(new_op.paulis))
self.assertEqual(0.5, new_op.paulis[0][0])
self.assertEqual(-0.5, new_op.paulis[1][0])
pauli_c = 'IXYZ'
coeff_c = 0.25
pauli_term_c = [coeff_c, Pauli.from_label(pauli_c)]
new_op = new_op - Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_c])
self.assertEqual(2, len(new_op.paulis))
self.assertEqual(0.25, new_op.paulis[0][0])
def _setup(self):
self._operator.to_paulis()
self._ret['translation'] = sum(
[abs(p[0]) for p in self._operator.paulis])
self._ret['stretch'] = 0.5 / self._ret['translation']
# translate the operator
self._operator._simplify_paulis()
translation_op = Operator([[
self._ret['translation'],
Pauli(np.zeros(self._operator.num_qubits),
np.zeros(self._operator.num_qubits))
]])
translation_op._simplify_paulis()
self._operator += translation_op
# stretch the operator
for p in self._operator._paulis:
p[0] = p[0] * self._ret['stretch']
pauli_list = self._operator.reorder_paulis(
grouping=self._paulis_grouping)
if len(pauli_list) == 1:
slice_pauli_list = pauli_list
else:
if self._expansion_mode == 'trotter':
slice_pauli_list = pauli_list
else:
slice_pauli_list = Operator._suzuki_expansion_slice_pauli_list(
pauli_list, 1, self._expansion_order)
self._slice_pauli_list = slice_pauli_list
def test_create_from_matrix(self):
"""
test with matrix initialization
"""
for num_qubits in range(1, 6):
m_size = np.power(2, num_qubits)
matrix = np.random.rand(m_size, m_size)
op = Operator(matrix=matrix)
depth = 1
var_form = get_variational_form_instance('RYRZ')
var_form.init_args(op.num_qubits, depth)
circuit = var_form.construct_circuit(
np.array(np.random.randn(var_form.num_parameters)))
execute_config = {'shots': 1, 'skip_transpiler': False}
non_matrix_mode = op.eval('paulis', circuit,
'local_statevector_simulator',
execute_config)[0]
matrix_mode = op.eval('matrix', circuit,
'local_statevector_simulator',
execute_config)[0]
self.assertAlmostEqual(matrix_mode, non_matrix_mode, 6)
def setUp(self):
np.random.seed(0)
self.num_qubits = 4
m_size = np.power(2, self.num_qubits)
matrix = np.random.rand(m_size, m_size)
self.qubitOp = Operator(matrix=matrix)
def test_addition_noninplace(self):
"""
test addition
"""
pauli_a = 'IXYZ'
pauli_b = 'ZYIX'
coeff_a = 0.5
coeff_b = 0.5
pauli_term_a = [coeff_a, label_to_pauli(pauli_a)]
pauli_term_b = [coeff_b, label_to_pauli(pauli_b)]
opA = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_a])
opB = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_b])
copy_opA = copy.deepcopy(opA)
newOP = opA + opB
self.assertEqual(copy_opA, opA)
self.assertEqual(2, len(newOP.paulis))
pauli_c = 'IXYZ'
coeff_c = 0.25
pauli_term_c = [coeff_c, label_to_pauli(pauli_c)]
newOP = newOP + Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_c])
self.assertEqual(2, len(newOP.paulis))
self.assertEqual(0.75, newOP.paulis[0][0])
def test_group_paulis_2(self):
"""
Test with normal grouping approach
"""
num_qubits = 4
pauli_term = []
for pauli_label in itertools.product('IXYZ', repeat=num_qubits):
coeff = np.random.random(1)[0]
pauli_term.append([coeff, label_to_pauli(''.join(pauli_label))])
op = Operator(paulis=pauli_term)
op.coloring = None
paulis = copy.deepcopy(op.paulis)
op.convert("paulis", "grouped_paulis")
flattened_grouped_paulis = [
pauli for group in op.grouped_paulis for pauli in group[1:]
]
for gp in flattened_grouped_paulis:
passed = False
for p in paulis:
if p[1] == gp[1]:
passed = p[0] == gp[0]
break
self.assertTrue(
passed, "non-existed paulis in grouped_paulis: {}".format(
gp[1].to_label()))
def test_chop_complex_only_2(self):
paulis = ['IXYZ', 'XXZY', 'IIZZ', 'XXYY', 'ZZXX', 'YYYY']
coeffs = [
0.2 + -1j * 0.8, 0.6 + -1j * 0.6, 0.8 + -1j * 0.2,
-0.2 + -1j * 0.8, -0.6 - -1j * 0.6, -0.8 - -1j * 0.2
]
op = Operator(paulis=[])
for coeff, pauli in zip(coeffs, paulis):
pauli_term = [coeff, label_to_pauli(pauli)]
op += Operator(paulis=[pauli_term])
op1 = copy.deepcopy(op)
op1.chop(threshold=0.4)
self.assertEqual(len(op1.paulis), 6,
"\n{}".format(op1.print_operators()))
op2 = copy.deepcopy(op)
op2.chop(threshold=0.7)
self.assertEqual(len(op2.paulis), 4,
"\n{}".format(op2.print_operators()))
op3 = copy.deepcopy(op)
op3.chop(threshold=0.9)
self.assertEqual(len(op3.paulis), 0,
"\n{}".format(op3.print_operators()))
def _setup_qpe(self):
self._operator._check_representation('paulis')
self._ret['translation'] = sum(
[abs(p[0]) for p in self._operator.paulis])
self._ret['stretch'] = 0.5 / self._ret['translation']
# translate the operator
self._operator._simplify_paulis()
translation_op = Operator([[
self._ret['translation'],
Pauli(np.zeros(self._operator.num_qubits),
np.zeros(self._operator.num_qubits))
]])
translation_op._simplify_paulis()
self._operator += translation_op
# stretch the operator
for p in self._operator._paulis:
p[0] = p[0] * self._ret['stretch']
# check for identify paulis to get its coef for applying global phase shift on ancillae later
num_identities = 0
for p in self._operator.paulis:
if np.all(p[1].v == 0) and np.all(p[1].w == 0):
num_identities += 1
if num_identities > 1:
raise RuntimeError(
'Multiple identity pauli terms are present.')
self._ancilla_phase_coef = p[0].real if isinstance(
p[0], complex) else p[0]
self._construct_qpe_evolution()
logger.info('QPE circuit qasm length is roughly {}.'.format(
len(self._circuit.qasm().split('\n'))))
def __init__(self,
operator,
state_in,
iqft,
num_time_slices=1,
num_ancillae=1,
paulis_grouping='random',
expansion_mode='trotter',
expansion_order=1,
shallow_circuit_concat=False):
"""
Constructor.
Args:
operator (Operator): the hamiltonian Operator object
state_in (InitialState): the InitialState pluggable component representing the initial quantum state
iqft (IQFT): the Inverse Quantum Fourier Transform pluggable component
num_time_slices (int): the number of time slices
num_ancillae (int): the number of ancillary qubits to use for the measurement
paulis_grouping (str): the pauli term grouping mode
expansion_mode (str): the expansion mode (trotter|suzuki)
expansion_order (int): the suzuki expansion order
shallow_circuit_concat (bool): indicate whether to use shallow (cheap) mode for circuit concatenation
"""
self.validate(locals())
super().__init__()
self._num_ancillae = num_ancillae
self._ret = {}
self._operator = copy.deepcopy(operator)
self._operator.to_paulis()
self._ret['translation'] = sum(
[abs(p[0]) for p in self._operator.paulis])
self._ret['stretch'] = 0.5 / self._ret['translation']
# translate the operator
self._operator._simplify_paulis()
translation_op = Operator([[
self._ret['translation'],
Pauli(np.zeros(self._operator.num_qubits),
np.zeros(self._operator.num_qubits))
]])
translation_op._simplify_paulis()
self._operator += translation_op
# stretch the operator
for p in self._operator._paulis:
p[0] = p[0] * self._ret['stretch']
self._phase_estimation_component = PhaseEstimation(
self._operator,
state_in,
iqft,
num_time_slices=num_time_slices,
num_ancillae=num_ancillae,
paulis_grouping=paulis_grouping,
expansion_mode=expansion_mode,
expansion_order=expansion_order,
shallow_circuit_concat=shallow_circuit_concat)
self._binary_fractions = [1 / 2**p for p in range(1, num_ancillae + 1)]
def test_eoh(self):
SIZE = 2
temp = np.random.random((2**SIZE, 2**SIZE))
h1 = temp + temp.T
qubit_op = Operator(matrix=h1)
temp = np.random.random((2**SIZE, 2**SIZE))
h1 = temp + temp.T
evo_op = Operator(matrix=h1)
state_in = Custom(SIZE, state='random')
evo_time = 1
num_time_slices = 100
eoh = EOH(qubit_op, state_in, evo_op, 'paulis', evo_time,
num_time_slices)
backend = get_aer_backend('statevector_simulator')
quantum_instance = QuantumInstance(backend,
shots=1,
pass_manager=PassManager())
# self.log.debug('state_out:\n\n')
ret = eoh.run(quantum_instance)
self.log.debug('Evaluation result: {}'.format(ret))
def test_submit_multiple_circuits(self):
"""
test with single paulis
"""
num_qubits = 4
pauli_term = []
for pauli_label in itertools.product('IXYZ', repeat=num_qubits):
coeff = np.random.random(1)[0]
pauli_term.append([coeff, Pauli.from_label(pauli_label)])
op = Operator(paulis=pauli_term)
depth = 1
var_form = RYRZ(op.num_qubits, depth)
circuit = var_form.construct_circuit(
np.array(np.random.randn(var_form.num_parameters)))
run_config = {'shots': 1}
backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator')
non_matrix_mode = op.eval('paulis',
circuit,
backend,
run_config=run_config)[0]
matrix_mode = op.eval('matrix',
circuit,
backend,
run_config=run_config)[0]
self.assertAlmostEqual(matrix_mode, non_matrix_mode, 6)
def from_params(cls, params):
if EnergyInput.PROP_KEY_QUBITOP not in params:
raise AquaError("Qubit operator is required.")
qparams = params[EnergyInput.PROP_KEY_QUBITOP]
qubit_op = Operator.load_from_dict(qparams)
if EnergyInput.PROP_KEY_AUXOPS in params:
auxparams = params[EnergyInput.PROP_KEY_AUXOPS]
aux_ops = [Operator.load_from_dict(auxparams[i]) for i in range(len(auxparams))]
return cls(qubit_op, aux_ops)
def vacuum_operator(fer_op):
"""Use the stabilizers to find the vacuum state in bravyi_kitaev_fast.
Args:
fer_op (FermionicOperator): the fermionic operator in the second quanitzed form
Returns:
Operator: the qubit operator
"""
edge_list = bravyi_kitaev_fast_edge_list(fer_op)
num_qubits = edge_list.shape[1]
vac_operator = Operator(paulis=[[1.0, Pauli.from_label('I' * num_qubits)]])
g = networkx.Graph()
g.add_edges_from(tuple(edge_list.transpose()))
stabs = np.asarray(networkx.cycle_basis(g))
for stab in stabs:
a = Operator(paulis=[[1.0, Pauli.from_label('I' * num_qubits)]])
stab = np.asarray(stab)
for i in range(np.size(stab)):
a = a * edge_operator_aij(edge_list, stab[i],
stab[(i + 1) % np.size(stab)])
a.scaling_coeff(1j)
a += Operator(paulis=[[1.0, Pauli.from_label('I' * num_qubits)]])
vac_operator = vac_operator * a
vac_operator.scaling_coeff(np.sqrt(2))
return vac_operator
def vacuum_operator(fer_op):
"""Use the stabilizers to find the vacuum state in BKSF.
This operator can be used to generate the vaccum state for
BKSF mapping.
Upon having this operator, operate it on `orignal` vaccum state |000...>,
and resulted state is the vacuum state for bksf mapping.
Args:
fer_op (FermionicOperator): the fermionic operator in the second quanitzed form
Returns:
Operator: the qubit operator
"""
edge_list = bksf_edge_list(fer_op)
num_qubits = edge_list.shape[1]
vac_operator = Operator(paulis=[[1.0, label_to_pauli('I' * num_qubits)]])
g = networkx.Graph()
g.add_edges_from(tuple(edge_list.transpose()))
stabs = np.asarray(networkx.cycle_basis(g))
for stab in stabs:
a = Operator(paulis=[[1.0, label_to_pauli('I' * num_qubits)]])
stab = np.asarray(stab)
for i in range(np.size(stab)):
a = a * edge_operator_aij(edge_list, stab[i],
stab[(i + 1) % np.size(stab)])
a.scaling_coeff(1j)
a += Operator(paulis=[[1.0, label_to_pauli('I' * num_qubits)]])
vac_operator = vac_operator * a
vac_operator.scaling_coeff(np.sqrt(2))
return vac_operator
def from_params(self, params):
if EnergyInput.PROP_KEY_QUBITOP not in params:
raise AlgorithmError("Qubit operator is required.")
qparams = params[EnergyInput.PROP_KEY_QUBITOP]
self._qubit_op = Operator.load_from_dict(qparams)
if EnergyInput.PROP_KEY_AUXOPS in params:
auxparams = params[EnergyInput.PROP_KEY_AUXOPS]
self._aux_ops = [
Operator.load_from_dict(auxparams[i])
for i in range(len(auxparams))
]
def _construct_qpe_evolution(self):
"""Implement the Quantum Phase Estimation algorithm"""
a = QuantumRegister(self._num_ancillae, name='a')
c = ClassicalRegister(self._num_ancillae, name='c')
q = QuantumRegister(self._operator.num_qubits, name='q')
# initialize state_in
qc = self._state_in.construct_circuit('circuit', q)
# Put all ancillae in uniform superposition
qc.add(a)
qc.u2(0, np.pi, a)
# phase kickbacks via eoh
pauli_list = self._operator.reorder_paulis(
grouping=self._paulis_grouping)
if len(pauli_list) == 1:
slice_pauli_list = pauli_list
else:
if self._expansion_mode == 'trotter':
slice_pauli_list = pauli_list
elif self._expansion_mode == 'suzuki':
slice_pauli_list = Operator._suzuki_expansion_slice_pauli_list(
pauli_list, 1, self._expansion_order)
else:
raise ValueError('Unrecognized expansion mode {}.'.format(
self._expansion_mode))
for i in range(self._num_ancillae):
qc_evolutions = Operator.construct_evolution_circuit(
slice_pauli_list,
-2 * np.pi,
self._num_time_slices,
q,
a,
ctl_idx=i,
shallow_slicing=self._shallow_circuit_concat)
if self._shallow_circuit_concat:
qc.data += qc_evolutions.data
else:
qc += qc_evolutions
# global phase shift for the ancilla due to the identity pauli term
qc.u1(2 * np.pi * self._ancilla_phase_coef * (2**i), a[i])
# inverse qft on ancillae
self._iqft.construct_circuit('circuit', a, qc)
# measuring ancillae
qc.add(c)
qc.barrier(a)
qc.measure(a, c)
self._circuit = qc
def test_create_from_paulis_0(self):
"""
test with single paulis
"""
num_qubits = 4
for pauli_label in itertools.product('IXYZ', repeat=num_qubits):
coeff = np.random.random(1)[0]
pauli_term = [coeff, label_to_pauli(pauli_label)]
op = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term])
op.convert('paulis', 'matrix')
op.convert('paulis', 'grouped_paulis')
depth = 1
var_form = get_variational_form_instance('RYRZ')
var_form.init_args(op.num_qubits, depth)
circuit = var_form.construct_circuit(
np.array(np.random.randn(var_form.num_parameters)))
execute_config = {'shots': 1, 'skip_transpiler': False}
matrix_mode = op.eval('matrix', circuit,
'local_statevector_simulator',
execute_config)[0]
non_matrix_mode = op.eval('paulis', circuit,
'local_statevector_simulator',
execute_config)[0]
def test_equal_operator(self):
paulis = ['IXYZ', 'XXZY', 'IIZZ', 'XXYY', 'ZZXX', 'YYYY']
coeffs = [0.2, 0.6, 0.8, -0.2, -0.6, -0.8]
op1 = Operator(paulis=[])
for coeff, pauli in zip(coeffs, paulis):
pauli_term = [coeff, label_to_pauli(pauli)]
op1 += Operator(paulis=[pauli_term])
paulis = ['IXYZ', 'XXZY', 'IIZZ', 'XXYY', 'ZZXX', 'YYYY']
coeffs = [0.2, 0.6, 0.8, -0.2, -0.6, -0.8]
op2 = Operator(paulis=[])
for coeff, pauli in zip(coeffs, paulis):
pauli_term = [coeff, label_to_pauli(pauli)]
op2 += Operator(paulis=[pauli_term])
paulis = ['IXYY', 'XXZY', 'IIZZ', 'XXYY', 'ZZXX', 'YYYY']
coeffs = [0.2, 0.6, 0.8, -0.2, -0.6, -0.8]
op3 = Operator(paulis=[])
for coeff, pauli in zip(coeffs, paulis):
pauli_term = [coeff, label_to_pauli(pauli)]
op3 += Operator(paulis=[pauli_term])
paulis = ['IXYZ', 'XXZY', 'IIZZ', 'XXYY', 'ZZXX', 'YYYY']
coeffs = [-0.2, 0.6, 0.8, -0.2, -0.6, -0.8]
op4 = Operator(paulis=[])
for coeff, pauli in zip(coeffs, paulis):
pauli_term = [coeff, label_to_pauli(pauli)]
op4 += Operator(paulis=[pauli_term])
self.assertEqual(op1, op2)
self.assertNotEqual(op1, op3)
self.assertNotEqual(op1, op4)
self.assertNotEqual(op3, op4)
def test_zero_coeff(self):
"""
test addition
"""
pauli_a = 'IXYZ'
pauli_b = 'IXYZ'
coeff_a = 0.5
coeff_b = -0.5
pauli_term_a = [coeff_a, label_to_pauli(pauli_a)]
pauli_term_b = [coeff_b, label_to_pauli(pauli_b)]
opA = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_a])
opB = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_b])
newOP = opA + opB
newOP.zeros_coeff_elimination()
self.assertEqual(0, len(newOP.paulis),
"{}".format(newOP.print_operators()))
paulis = ['IXYZ', 'XXZY', 'IIZZ', 'XXYY', 'ZZXX', 'YYYY']
coeffs = [0.2, 0.6, 0.8, -0.2, -0.6, -0.8]
op = Operator(paulis=[])
for coeff, pauli in zip(coeffs, paulis):
pauli_term = [coeff, label_to_pauli(pauli)]
op += Operator(paulis=[pauli_term])
for i in range(6):
opA = Operator(paulis=[[-coeffs[i], label_to_pauli(paulis[i])]])
op += opA
op.zeros_coeff_elimination()
self.assertEqual(6 - (i + 1), len(op.paulis))
def test_str(self):
"""
test str
"""
pauli_a = 'IXYZ'
pauli_b = 'ZYIX'
coeff_a = 0.5
coeff_b = 0.5
pauli_term_a = [coeff_a, Pauli.from_label(pauli_a)]
pauli_term_b = [coeff_b, Pauli.from_label(pauli_b)]
op_a = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_a])
op_b = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_b])
op_a += op_b
self.assertEqual("Representation: paulis, qubits: 4, size: 2", str(op_a))
def test_str(self):
"""
test str
"""
pauli_a = 'IXYZ'
pauli_b = 'ZYIX'
coeff_a = 0.5
coeff_b = 0.5
pauli_term_a = [coeff_a, label_to_pauli(pauli_a)]
pauli_term_b = [coeff_b, label_to_pauli(pauli_b)]
opA = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_a])
opB = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_b])
opA += opB
self.assertEqual("Representation: paulis, qubits: 4, size: 2", str(opA))
def _build_hopping_operator(self, index):
def check_commutativity(op_1, op_2):
com = op_1 * op_2 - op_2 * op_1
com.zeros_coeff_elimination()
return True if com.is_empty() else False
two_d_zeros = np.zeros((self._num_orbitals, self._num_orbitals))
four_d_zeros = np.zeros((self._num_orbitals, self._num_orbitals,
self._num_orbitals, self._num_orbitals))
dummpy_fer_op = FermionicOperator(h1=two_d_zeros, h2=four_d_zeros)
h1 = two_d_zeros.copy()
h2 = four_d_zeros.copy()
if len(index) == 2:
i, j = index
h1[i, j] = 1.0
h1[j, i] = -1.0
elif len(index) == 4:
i, j, k, m = index
h2[i, j, k, m] = 1.0
h2[m, k, j, i] = -1.0
dummpy_fer_op.h1 = h1
dummpy_fer_op.h2 = h2
qubit_op = dummpy_fer_op.mapping(self._qubit_mapping)
qubit_op = qubit_op.two_qubit_reduced_operator(
self._num_particles) if self._two_qubit_reduction else qubit_op
if self._qubit_tapering:
for symmetry in self._symmetries:
symmetry_op = Operator(paulis=[[1.0, symmetry]])
symm_commuting = check_commutativity(symmetry_op, qubit_op)
if not symm_commuting:
break
if self._qubit_tapering:
if symm_commuting:
qubit_op = Operator.qubit_tapering(qubit_op, self._cliffords,
self._sq_list,
self._tapering_values)
else:
qubit_op = None
if qubit_op is None:
logger.debug('excitation ({}) is skipped since it is not commuted '
'with symmetries'.format(','.join(
[str(x) for x in index])))
return qubit_op
def _two_body_mapping(h2_ijkm, a_i, a_j, a_k, a_m, threshold):
"""
Subroutine for two body mapping.
Args:
h1_ijkm (complex): value of h2 at index (i,j,k,m)
a_i (Pauli): pauli at index i
a_j (Pauli): pauli at index j
a_k (Pauli): pauli at index k
a_m (Pauli): pauli at index m
threshold: (float): threshold to remove a pauli
Returns:
Operator: Operator for those paulis
"""
pauli_list = []
for alpha in range(2):
for beta in range(2):
for gamma in range(2):
for delta in range(2):
pauli_prod_1 = sgn_prod(a_i[alpha], a_k[beta])
pauli_prod_2 = sgn_prod(pauli_prod_1[0], a_m[gamma])
pauli_prod_3 = sgn_prod(pauli_prod_2[0], a_j[delta])
phase1 = pauli_prod_1[1] * pauli_prod_2[
1] * pauli_prod_3[1]
phase2 = np.power(-1j, alpha + beta) * np.power(
1j, gamma + delta)
pauli_term = [
h2_ijkm / 16 * phase1 * phase2, pauli_prod_3[0]
]
if np.absolute(pauli_term[0]) > threshold:
pauli_list.append(pauli_term)
return Operator(paulis=pauli_list)
def _estimate_phase_iteratively(self):
"""Iteratively construct the different order of controlled evolution circuit to carry out phase estimation"""
pauli_list = self._operator.reorder_paulis(grouping=self._paulis_grouping)
if len(pauli_list) == 1:
slice_pauli_list = pauli_list
else:
if self._expansion_mode == 'trotter':
slice_pauli_list = pauli_list
else:
slice_pauli_list = Operator._suzuki_expansion_slice_pauli_list(pauli_list, 1, self._expansion_order)
self._ret['top_measurement_label'] = ''
omega_coef = 0
# k runs from the number of iterations back to 1
for k in range(self._num_iterations, 0, -1):
omega_coef /= 2
qc = self._construct_kth_evolution(slice_pauli_list, k, -2 * np.pi * omega_coef)
measurements = self.execute(qc).get_counts(qc)
if '0' not in measurements:
if '1' in measurements:
x = 1
else:
raise RuntimeError('Unexpected measurement {}.'.format(measurements))
else:
if '1' not in measurements:
x = 0
else:
x = 1 if measurements['1'] > measurements['0'] else 0
self._ret['top_measurement_label'] = '{}{}'.format(x, self._ret['top_measurement_label'])
omega_coef = omega_coef + x / 2
logger.info('Reverse iteration {} of {} with measured bit {}'.format(k, self._num_iterations, x))
return omega_coef
def get_stableset_qubitops(w):
"""Generate Hamiltonian for the maximum stableset in a graph.
Args:
w (numpy.ndarray) : adjacency matrix.
Returns:
operator.Operator, float: operator for the Hamiltonian and a
constant shift for the obj function.
"""
num_nodes = len(w)
pauli_list = []
shift = 0
for i in range(num_nodes):
for j in range(i + 1, num_nodes):
if (w[i, j] != 0):
wp = np.zeros(num_nodes)
vp = np.zeros(num_nodes)
vp[i] = 1
vp[j] = 1
pauli_list.append([1.0, Pauli(vp, wp)])
shift += 1
for i in range(num_nodes):
degree = sum(w[i, :])
wp = np.zeros(num_nodes)
vp = np.zeros(num_nodes)
vp[i] = 1
pauli_list.append([degree - 1 / 2, Pauli(vp, wp)])
return Operator(paulis=pauli_list), shift - num_nodes / 2
def get_partition_qubitops(values):
"""Construct the Hamiltonian for a given Partition instance.
Given a list of numbers for the Number Partitioning problem, we
construct the Hamiltonian described as a list of Pauli gates.
Args:
values (numpy.ndarray): array of values.
Returns:
operator.Operator, float: operator for the Hamiltonian and a
constant shift for the obj function.
"""
n = len(values)
# The Hamiltonian is:
# \sum_{i,j=1,\dots,n} ij z_iz_j + \sum_{i=1,\dots,n} i^2
pauli_list = []
for i in range(n):
for j in range(i):
wp = np.zeros(n)
vp = np.zeros(n)
vp[i] = 1
vp[j] = 1
pauli_list.append([2 * values[i] * values[j], Pauli(vp, wp)])
return Operator(paulis=pauli_list), sum(values*values)
def _construct_kth_evolution(self, slice_pauli_list, k, omega):
"""Construct the kth iteration Quantum Phase Estimation circuit"""
a = QuantumRegister(1, name='a')
c = ClassicalRegister(1, name='c')
q = QuantumRegister(self._operator.num_qubits, name='q')
qc = self._state_in.construct_circuit('circuit', q)
# hadamard on a[0]
qc.add_register(a)
qc.u2(0, np.pi, a[0])
# controlled-U
qc_evolutions = Operator.construct_evolution_circuit(
slice_pauli_list, -2 * np.pi, self._num_time_slices, q, a, unitary_power=2 ** (k - 1),
shallow_slicing=self._shallow_circuit_concat
)
if self._shallow_circuit_concat:
qc.data += qc_evolutions.data
else:
qc += qc_evolutions
# global phase due to identity pauli
qc.u1(2 * np.pi * self._ancilla_phase_coef * (2 ** (k - 1)), a[0])
# rz on a[0]
qc.u1(omega, a[0])
# hadamard on a[0]
qc.u2(0, np.pi, a[0])
qc.add_register(c)
qc.barrier(a)
qc.measure(a, c)
return qc
def test_multiplication(self):
"""Test multiplication."""
pauli_a = 'IXYZ'
pauli_b = 'ZYIX'
coeff_a = 0.5
coeff_b = 0.5
pauli_term_a = [coeff_a, Pauli.from_label(pauli_a)]
pauli_term_b = [coeff_b, Pauli.from_label(pauli_b)]
op_a = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_a])
op_b = Operator(paulis=[pauli_term_b])
new_op = op_a * op_b
# print(new_op.print_operators())
self.assertEqual(1, len(new_op.paulis))
self.assertEqual(-0.25, new_op.paulis[0][0])
self.assertEqual('ZZYY', new_op.paulis[0][1].to_label())
def get_portfolio_qubitops(mu, sigma, q, budget, penalty):
# get problem dimension
n = len(mu)
e = np.ones(n)
E = np.matmul(np.asmatrix(e).T, np.asmatrix(e))
# map problem to Ising model
offset = - np.dot(mu, e)/2 + penalty*budget**2 - budget*n*penalty + n**2*penalty/4 + q/4*np.dot(e, np.dot(sigma, e))
mu_z = mu/2 + budget*penalty*e - n*penalty/2*e - q/2*np.dot(sigma, e)
sigma_z = penalty/4*E + q/4*sigma
# construct operator
pauli_list = []
for i in range(n):
i_ = i
# i_ = n-i-1
if np.abs(mu_z[i_]) > 1e-6:
xp = np.zeros(n, dtype=np.bool)
zp = np.zeros(n, dtype=np.bool)
zp[i_] = True
pauli_list.append([mu_z[i_], Pauli(zp, xp)])
for j in range(i):
j_ = j
# j_ = n-j-1
if np.abs(sigma_z[i_, j_]) > 1e-6:
xp = np.zeros(n, dtype=np.bool)
zp = np.zeros(n, dtype=np.bool)
zp[i_] = True
zp[j_] = True
pauli_list.append([2*sigma_z[i_, j_], Pauli(zp, xp)])
offset += sigma_z[i_, i_]
return Operator(paulis=pauli_list), offset
def test_create_from_matrix(self):
"""Test with matrix initialization."""
for num_qubits in range(1, 3):
m_size = np.power(2, num_qubits)
matrix = np.random.rand(m_size, m_size)
op = Operator(matrix=matrix)
depth = 1
var_form = RYRZ(op.num_qubits, depth)
circuit = var_form.construct_circuit(np.array(np.random.randn(var_form.num_parameters)))
backend = get_aer_backend('statevector_simulator')
run_config = {'shots': 1}
non_matrix_mode = op.eval('paulis', circuit, backend, run_config=run_config)[0]
matrix_mode = op.eval('matrix', circuit, backend, run_config=run_config)[0]
self.assertAlmostEqual(matrix_mode, non_matrix_mode, 6)