def test_cfrag_serialization_no_proof_no_metadata(alices_keys, bobs_keys):
delegating_privkey, signing_privkey = alices_keys
delegating_pubkey = delegating_privkey.get_pubkey()
_receiving_privkey, receiving_pubkey = bobs_keys
signer_alice = Signer(signing_privkey)
_unused_key, capsule = pre._encapsulate(delegating_pubkey.point_key)
kfrags = pre.split_rekey(delegating_privkey, signer_alice,
receiving_pubkey, 1, 2)
cfrag = pre.reencrypt(kfrags[0], capsule, provide_proof=False)
cfrag_bytes = cfrag.to_bytes()
proof = cfrag.proof
assert proof is None
curve = default_curve()
assert len(cfrag_bytes) == CapsuleFrag.expected_bytes_length(curve)
new_cfrag = pre.CapsuleFrag.from_bytes(cfrag_bytes)
assert new_cfrag._point_e1 == cfrag._point_e1
assert new_cfrag._point_v1 == cfrag._point_v1
assert new_cfrag._kfrag_id == cfrag._kfrag_id
assert new_cfrag._point_noninteractive == cfrag._point_noninteractive
new_proof = new_cfrag.proof
assert new_proof is None
def test_cannot_attach_cfrag_without_proof():
"""
However, even when properly attaching keys, we can't attach the CFrag
if it is unproven.
"""
params = default_params()
capsule = Capsule(params,
point_e=Point.gen_rand(),
point_v=Point.gen_rand(),
bn_sig=CurveBN.gen_rand())
cfrag = CapsuleFrag(
point_e1=Point.gen_rand(),
point_v1=Point.gen_rand(),
kfrag_id=os.urandom(10),
point_noninteractive=Point.gen_rand(),
point_xcoord=Point.gen_rand(),
)
key_details = capsule.set_correctness_keys(
UmbralPrivateKey.gen_key().get_pubkey(),
UmbralPrivateKey.gen_key().get_pubkey(),
UmbralPrivateKey.gen_key().get_pubkey())
delegating_details, receiving_details, verifying_details = key_details
assert all((delegating_details, receiving_details, verifying_details))
with pytest.raises(cfrag.NoProofProvided):
capsule.attach_cfrag(cfrag)
def reencrypt(kfrag: KFrag,
capsule: Capsule,
provide_proof: bool = True,
metadata: Optional[bytes] = None) -> CapsuleFrag:
if not capsule.verify():
raise Capsule.NotValid
if not kfrag.verify_for_capsule(capsule):
raise KFrag.NotValid
rk = kfrag._bn_key
e1 = rk * capsule._point_e
v1 = rk * capsule._point_v
cfrag = CapsuleFrag(point_e1=e1,
point_v1=v1,
kfrag_id=kfrag._id,
point_noninteractive=kfrag._point_noninteractive,
point_xcoord=kfrag._point_xcoord)
if provide_proof:
prove_cfrag_correctness(cfrag, kfrag, capsule, metadata)
return cfrag
def reencrypt(kfrag: KFrag,
capsule: Capsule,
params: UmbralParameters = None,
provide_proof=True,
metadata: bytes = None) -> CapsuleFrag:
if params is None:
params = default_params()
if not capsule.verify():
raise capsule.NotValid
rk = kfrag._bn_key
e1 = rk * capsule._point_e
v1 = rk * capsule._point_v
cfrag = CapsuleFrag(point_e1=e1,
point_v1=v1,
kfrag_id=kfrag._id,
point_noninteractive=kfrag._point_noninteractive,
point_xcoord=kfrag._point_xcoord)
if provide_proof:
prove_cfrag_correctness(cfrag, kfrag, capsule, metadata, params)
return cfrag
def test_cfrag_serialization_with_proof_but_no_metadata(
prepared_capsule, kfrags):
for kfrag in kfrags:
cfrag = pre.reencrypt(kfrag, prepared_capsule, provide_proof=True)
cfrag_bytes = cfrag.to_bytes()
proof = cfrag.proof
assert proof is not None
assert proof.metadata is None
# A CFrag can be represented as the 131 total bytes of three Points (33 each) and a CurveBN (32).
# TODO: Figure out final size for CFrags with proofs
# assert len(cfrag_bytes) == 33 + 33 + 33 + 32 == 131
new_cfrag = CapsuleFrag.from_bytes(cfrag_bytes)
assert new_cfrag._point_e1 == cfrag._point_e1
assert new_cfrag._point_v1 == cfrag._point_v1
assert new_cfrag._kfrag_id == cfrag._kfrag_id
assert new_cfrag._point_precursor == cfrag._point_precursor
new_proof = new_cfrag.proof
assert new_proof is not None
assert new_proof._point_e2 == proof._point_e2
assert new_proof._point_v2 == proof._point_v2
assert new_proof._point_kfrag_commitment == proof._point_kfrag_commitment
assert new_proof._point_kfrag_pok == proof._point_kfrag_pok
assert new_proof.bn_sig == proof.bn_sig
assert new_proof.metadata is None
def test_cfrag_serialization_with_proof_and_metadata(prepared_capsule, kfrags):
# Example of potential metadata to describe the re-encryption request
metadata = b'This is an example of metadata for re-encryption request'
for kfrag in kfrags:
cfrag = pre.reencrypt(kfrag,
prepared_capsule,
provide_proof=True,
metadata=metadata)
cfrag_bytes = cfrag.to_bytes()
proof = cfrag.proof
assert proof is not None
assert proof.metadata is not None
new_cfrag = CapsuleFrag.from_bytes(cfrag_bytes)
assert new_cfrag._point_e1 == cfrag._point_e1
assert new_cfrag._point_v1 == cfrag._point_v1
assert new_cfrag._kfrag_id == cfrag._kfrag_id
assert new_cfrag._point_precursor == cfrag._point_precursor
new_proof = new_cfrag.proof
assert new_proof is not None
assert new_proof._point_e2 == proof._point_e2
assert new_proof._point_v2 == proof._point_v2
assert new_proof._point_kfrag_commitment == proof._point_kfrag_commitment
assert new_proof._point_kfrag_pok == proof._point_kfrag_pok
assert new_proof.bn_sig == proof.bn_sig
assert new_proof.metadata == metadata
assert new_proof.metadata == proof.metadata
def test_cfrag_serialization_no_proof_no_metadata(prepared_capsule, kfrags):
for kfrag in kfrags:
cfrag = pre.reencrypt(kfrag, prepared_capsule, provide_proof=False)
cfrag_bytes = cfrag.to_bytes()
proof = cfrag.proof
assert proof is None
assert len(cfrag_bytes) == CapsuleFrag.expected_bytes_length()
new_cfrag = CapsuleFrag.from_bytes(cfrag_bytes)
assert new_cfrag._point_e1 == cfrag._point_e1
assert new_cfrag._point_v1 == cfrag._point_v1
assert new_cfrag._kfrag_id == cfrag._kfrag_id
assert new_cfrag._point_precursor == cfrag._point_precursor
new_proof = new_cfrag.proof
assert new_proof is None
def reencrypt(kfrag: KFrag,
capsule: Capsule,
params: UmbralParameters = None) -> CapsuleFrag:
params = params if params is not None else default_params()
if not capsule.verify(params):
raise capsule.NotValid
e1 = kfrag.bn_key * capsule._point_eph_e
v1 = kfrag.bn_key * capsule._point_eph_v
cfrag = CapsuleFrag(e1=e1, v1=v1, id_=kfrag.bn_id, x=kfrag.point_eph_ni)
return cfrag
def test_cfrags():
vector_file = os.path.join('vectors', 'vectors_cfrags.json')
try:
with open(vector_file) as f:
vector_suite = json.load(f)
except OSError:
raise
params = default_params()
capsule = pre.Capsule.from_bytes(bytes.fromhex(vector_suite['capsule']),
params=params)
verifying_key = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(
bytes.fromhex(vector_suite['verifying_key']))
delegating_key = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(
bytes.fromhex(vector_suite['delegating_key']))
receiving_key = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(
bytes.fromhex(vector_suite['receiving_key']))
kfrags_n_cfrags = [
(KFrag.from_bytes(bytes.fromhex(json_kfrag['kfrag'])),
CapsuleFrag.from_bytes(bytes.fromhex(json_kfrag['cfrag'])))
for json_kfrag in vector_suite['vectors']
]
capsule.set_correctness_keys(delegating=delegating_key,
receiving=receiving_key,
verifying=verifying_key)
for kfrag, cfrag in kfrags_n_cfrags:
assert kfrag.verify(signing_pubkey=verifying_key,
delegating_pubkey=delegating_key,
receiving_pubkey=receiving_key), \
'Invalid KFrag {}'.format(kfrag.to_bytes().hex())
new_cfrag = pre.reencrypt(kfrag, capsule, provide_proof=False)
assert new_cfrag._point_e1 == cfrag._point_e1
assert new_cfrag._point_v1 == cfrag._point_v1
assert new_cfrag._kfrag_id == cfrag._kfrag_id
assert new_cfrag._point_noninteractive == cfrag._point_noninteractive
assert new_cfrag._point_xcoord == cfrag._point_xcoord
assert new_cfrag.proof is None
assert cfrag.to_bytes() == new_cfrag.to_bytes()
def test_cannot_attach_cfrag_without_keys():
"""
We need the proper keys to verify the correctness of CFrags
in order to attach them to a Capsule.
"""
capsule = Capsule(point_e=Point.gen_rand(),
point_v=Point.gen_rand(),
bn_sig=CurveBN.gen_rand())
cfrag = CapsuleFrag(
point_e1=Point.gen_rand(),
point_v1=Point.gen_rand(),
kfrag_id=os.urandom(10),
point_noninteractive=Point.gen_rand(),
point_xcoord=Point.gen_rand(),
)
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
capsule.attach_cfrag(cfrag)
def _prove_correctness(cfrag: CapsuleFrag, kfrag: KFrag, capsule: Capsule,
metadata: bytes=None, params: UmbralParameters=None
) -> CorrectnessProof:
params = params if params is not None else default_params()
e1 = cfrag._point_e1
v1 = cfrag._point_v1
e = capsule._point_e
v = capsule._point_v
u = params.u
u1 = kfrag._point_commitment
rk = kfrag._bn_key
t = CurveBN.gen_rand(params.curve)
e2 = t * e
v2 = t * v
u2 = t * u
hash_input = [e, e1, e2, v, v1, v2, u, u1, u2]
if metadata is not None:
hash_input.append(metadata)
h = CurveBN.hash_to_bn(*hash_input, params=params)
z3 = t + h * rk
cfrag.proof = CorrectnessProof(point_e2=e2,
point_v2=v2,
point_kfrag_commitment=u1,
point_kfrag_pok=u2,
bn_kfrag_sig1=kfrag._bn_sig1,
bn_kfrag_sig2=kfrag._bn_sig2,
bn_sig=z3,
metadata=metadata)
# Check correctness of original ciphertext (check nº 2) at the end
# to avoid timing oracles
if not capsule.verify(params):
raise capsule.NotValid("Capsule verification failed.")
def reencrypt(kfrag: KFrag,
capsule: Capsule,
provide_proof: bool = True,
metadata: Optional[bytes] = None) -> CapsuleFrag:
if not isinstance(capsule, Capsule) or not capsule.verify():
raise Capsule.NotValid
elif not isinstance(kfrag, KFrag) or not kfrag.verify_for_capsule(capsule):
raise KFrag.NotValid
rk = kfrag._bn_key
e1 = rk * capsule._point_e # type: Any
v1 = rk * capsule._point_v # type: Any
cfrag = CapsuleFrag(point_e1=e1,
point_v1=v1,
kfrag_id=kfrag.id,
point_precursor=kfrag._point_precursor)
if provide_proof:
prove_cfrag_correctness(cfrag, kfrag, capsule, metadata)
return cfrag
def test_lifecycle_with_serialization(N,
M,
signing_mode,
curve=default_curve()):
"""
This test is a variant of test_simple_api, but with intermediate
serialization/deserialization steps, modeling how pyUmbral artifacts
(such as keys, ciphertexts, etc) will actually be used.
These intermediate steps are in between the different 'usage domains'
in NuCypher, namely, key generation, delegation, encryption, decryption by
Alice, re-encryption by Ursula, and decryption by Bob.
Manually injects UmbralParameters for multi-curve testing.
"""
# Convenience method to avoid replicating key generation code
def new_keypair_bytes():
privkey = UmbralPrivateKey.gen_key(params=params)
return privkey.to_bytes(), privkey.get_pubkey().to_bytes()
## SETUP
params = UmbralParameters(curve=curve)
delegating_privkey_bytes, delegating_pubkey_bytes = new_keypair_bytes()
signing_privkey_bytes, signing_pubkey_bytes = new_keypair_bytes()
receiving_privkey_bytes, receiving_pubkey_bytes = new_keypair_bytes()
## DELEGATION DOMAIN:
## Alice delegates decryption rights to some Bob by generating a set of
## KFrags, using her delegating private key and Bob's receiving public key
delegating_privkey = UmbralPrivateKey.from_bytes(delegating_privkey_bytes,
params)
signing_privkey = UmbralPrivateKey.from_bytes(signing_privkey_bytes,
params)
receiving_pubkey = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(receiving_pubkey_bytes,
params)
signer = Signer(signing_privkey)
sign_delegating_key, sign_receiving_key = signing_mode
kfrags = pre.generate_kfrags(delegating_privkey=delegating_privkey,
receiving_pubkey=receiving_pubkey,
threshold=M,
N=N,
signer=signer,
sign_delegating_key=sign_delegating_key,
sign_receiving_key=sign_receiving_key)
kfrags_bytes = tuple(map(bytes, kfrags))
del kfrags
del signer
del delegating_privkey
del signing_privkey
del receiving_pubkey
del params
## ENCRYPTION DOMAIN ##
params = UmbralParameters(curve=curve)
delegating_pubkey = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(delegating_pubkey_bytes,
params)
plain_data = b'peace at dawn'
ciphertext, capsule = pre.encrypt(delegating_pubkey, plain_data)
capsule_bytes = bytes(capsule)
del capsule
del delegating_pubkey
del params
## DECRYPTION BY ALICE ##
params = UmbralParameters(curve=curve)
delegating_privkey = UmbralPrivateKey.from_bytes(delegating_privkey_bytes,
params)
capsule = pre.Capsule.from_bytes(capsule_bytes, params)
cleartext = pre.decrypt(ciphertext, capsule, delegating_privkey)
assert cleartext == plain_data
del delegating_privkey
del capsule
del params
## RE-ENCRYPTION DOMAIN (i.e., Ursula's side)
cfrags_bytes = list()
for kfrag_bytes in kfrags_bytes:
params = UmbralParameters(curve=curve)
delegating_pubkey = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(delegating_pubkey_bytes,
params)
signing_pubkey = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(signing_pubkey_bytes,
params)
receiving_pubkey = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(receiving_pubkey_bytes,
params)
capsule = pre.Capsule.from_bytes(capsule_bytes, params)
capsule.set_correctness_keys(delegating=delegating_pubkey,
receiving=receiving_pubkey,
verifying=signing_pubkey)
# TODO: use params instead of curve?
kfrag = KFrag.from_bytes(kfrag_bytes, params.curve)
assert kfrag.verify(signing_pubkey, delegating_pubkey,
receiving_pubkey, params)
cfrag_bytes = bytes(pre.reencrypt(kfrag, capsule))
cfrags_bytes.append(cfrag_bytes)
del capsule
del kfrag
del params
del delegating_pubkey
del signing_pubkey
del receiving_pubkey
## DECRYPTION DOMAIN (i.e., Bob's side)
params = UmbralParameters(curve=curve)
capsule = pre.Capsule.from_bytes(capsule_bytes, params)
delegating_pubkey = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(delegating_pubkey_bytes,
params)
signing_pubkey = UmbralPublicKey.from_bytes(signing_pubkey_bytes, params)
receiving_privkey = UmbralPrivateKey.from_bytes(receiving_privkey_bytes,
params)
receiving_pubkey = receiving_privkey.get_pubkey()
capsule.set_correctness_keys(delegating=delegating_pubkey,
receiving=receiving_pubkey,
verifying=signing_pubkey)
for cfrag_bytes in cfrags_bytes:
# TODO: use params instead of curve?
cfrag = CapsuleFrag.from_bytes(cfrag_bytes, params.curve)
capsule.attach_cfrag(cfrag)
reenc_cleartext = pre.decrypt(ciphertext, capsule, receiving_privkey)
assert reenc_cleartext == plain_data
def test_bob_can_issue_a_work_order_to_a_specific_ursula(
enacted_federated_policy, federated_bob, federated_alice,
federated_ursulas, capsule_side_channel):
"""
Now that Bob has his list of Ursulas, he can issue a WorkOrder to one. Upon receiving the WorkOrder, Ursula
saves it and responds by re-encrypting and giving Bob a cFrag.
This is a multipart test; it shows proper relations between the Characters Ursula and Bob and also proper
interchange between a KFrag, Capsule, and CFrag object in the cont
ext of REST-driven proxy re-encryption.
"""
# We pick up our story with Bob already having followed the treasure map above, ie:
hrac, treasure_map = enacted_federated_policy.hrac(
), enacted_federated_policy.treasure_map
map_id = treasure_map.public_id()
federated_bob.treasure_maps[map_id] = treasure_map
d = federated_bob.start_learning_loop()
federated_bob.follow_treasure_map(map_id=map_id, block=True, timeout=1)
assert len(federated_bob.known_nodes) == len(federated_ursulas)
the_hrac = enacted_federated_policy.hrac()
# Bob has no saved work orders yet, ever.
assert len(federated_bob._saved_work_orders) == 0
# We'll test against just a single Ursula - here, we make a WorkOrder for just one.
# We can pass any number of capsules as args; here we pass just one.
work_orders = federated_bob.generate_work_orders(
map_id, capsule_side_channel[0].capsule, num_ursulas=1)
# Again: one Ursula, one work_order.
assert len(work_orders) == 1
# Bob saved the WorkOrder.
assert len(federated_bob._saved_work_orders) == 1
# And the Ursula.
assert len(federated_bob._saved_work_orders.ursulas) == 1
ursula_id, work_order = list(work_orders.items())[0]
# **** RE-ENCRYPTION HAPPENS HERE! ****
cfrags = federated_bob.get_reencrypted_cfrags(work_order)
# We only gave one Capsule, so we only got one cFrag.
assert len(cfrags) == 1
the_cfrag = cfrags[0]
# Attach the CFrag to the Capsule.
capsule = capsule_side_channel[0].capsule
capsule.set_correctness_keys(
delegating=enacted_federated_policy.public_key,
receiving=federated_bob.public_keys(EncryptingPower),
verifying=federated_alice.stamp.as_umbral_pubkey())
capsule.attach_cfrag(the_cfrag)
# Having received the cFrag, Bob also saved the WorkOrder as complete.
assert len(federated_bob._saved_work_orders.by_ursula[ursula_id]) == 1
# OK, so cool - Bob has his cFrag! Let's make sure everything went properly. First, we'll show that it is in fact
# the correct cFrag (ie, that Ursula performed reencryption properly).
for u in federated_ursulas:
if u.rest_information()[0].port == work_order.ursula.rest_information(
)[0].port:
ursula = u
break
else:
raise RuntimeError(
"We've lost track of the Ursula that has the WorkOrder. Can't really proceed."
)
kfrag_bytes = ursula.datastore.get_policy_arrangement(
work_order.arrangement_id.hex().encode()).k_frag
the_kfrag = KFrag.from_bytes(kfrag_bytes)
the_correct_cfrag = pre.reencrypt(the_kfrag, capsule)
# The first CFRAG_LENGTH_WITHOUT_PROOF bytes (ie, the cfrag proper, not the proof material), are the same:
assert bytes(the_cfrag)[:CapsuleFrag.expected_bytes_length()] == bytes(
the_correct_cfrag)[:CapsuleFrag.expected_bytes_length(
)] # It's the correct cfrag!
assert the_correct_cfrag.verify_correctness(capsule)
# Now we'll show that Ursula saved the correct WorkOrder.
work_orders_from_bob = ursula.work_orders(bob=federated_bob)
assert len(work_orders_from_bob) == 1
assert work_orders_from_bob[0] == work_order
def attach_cfrag(self, cfrag: CapsuleFrag) -> None:
if cfrag.verify_correctness(self):
self._attached_cfrags.append(cfrag)
else:
error_msg = "CFrag is not correct and cannot be attached to the Capsule"
raise UmbralCorrectnessError(error_msg, [cfrag])