def test_sort_by_cell_id(self, n, cells, n_sd, idx, new_idx, cell_start,
thread_number):
# Arrange
particles = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
particles.build(attributes={'n': np.zeros(n_sd)})
sut = particles.state
sut._State__idx = TestState.storage(idx)
sut.attributes['n'].data = TestState.storage(n, sut._State__idx)
n_cell = max(cells) + 1
sut.attributes['cell id'].data = TestState.storage(
cells, sut._State__idx)
idx_length = len(sut._State__idx)
sut._State__cell_start = TestState.storage([0] * (n_cell + 1))
sut._State__n_sd = particles.n_sd
sut.healthy = 0 not in n
sut._State__cell_caretaker = backend.make_cell_caretaker(
sut._State__idx, sut._State__cell_start)
# Act
sut.sanitize()
sut._State__sort_by_cell_id()
# Assert
np.testing.assert_array_equal(
np.array(new_idx), sut._State__idx[:sut.SD_num].to_ndarray())
np.testing.assert_array_equal(np.array(cell_start),
sut._State__cell_start.to_ndarray())
def test_permutation_local_repeatable(self):
n_sd = 800
idx = range(n_sd)
u01 = np.random.random(n_sd)
cell_start = [0, 0, 20, 250, 700, n_sd]
# Arrange
particles = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
particles.build(attributes={'n': np.zeros(n_sd)})
sut = particles.state
sut._State__idx = TestState.storage(idx)
idx_length = len(sut._State__idx)
sut._State__tmp_idx = TestState.storage([0] * idx_length)
cell_id = []
for i in range(len(cell_start) - 1):
cell_id = cell_id + [i] * cell_start[i + 1]
sut.attributes['cell id'].data = TestState.storage(cell_id)
sut._State__cell_start = TestState.storage(cell_start)
sut._State__sorted = True
sut._State__n_sd = particles.n_sd
u01 = TestState.storage(u01)
# Act
sut.permutation(u01, local=True)
expected = sut._State__idx.to_ndarray()
sut._State__idx = TestState.storage(idx)
sut.permutation(u01, local=True)
# Assert
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._State__idx, expected)
assert sut._State__sorted == True
sut._State__sort_by_cell_id()
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._State__idx[:50], expected[:50])
def test_recalculate_cell_id(self):
# Arrange
n = np.ones(1, dtype=np.int64)
droplet_id = 0
initial_position = Default.from_ndarray(np.array([[0], [0]]))
grid = (1, 1)
particles = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=1)
particles.environment = DummyEnvironment(grid=grid)
cell_id, cell_origin, position_in_cell = particles.mesh.cellular_attributes(
initial_position)
cell_origin[0, droplet_id] = .1
cell_origin[1, droplet_id] = .2
cell_id[droplet_id] = -1
attribute = {
'n': n,
'cell id': cell_id,
'cell origin': cell_origin,
'position in cell': position_in_cell
}
particles.build(attribute)
sut = particles.state
# Act
sut.recalculate_cell_id()
# Assert
assert sut['cell id'][droplet_id] == 0
def test_update(backend):
# Arrange
core = DummyCore(backend)
halo = 3
grid = (11, 13)
env = DummyEnvironment(grid=grid, halo=halo)
env.register(core)
env.qv[:] = 7.3
env.thd[:] = 59.5
env.pred['qv'][:] = 3.7
env.pred['thd'][:] = 5.59
core.environment = env
sut = EulerianAdvection(lambda: None)
sut.register(core)
# Act
sut()
# Assert
np.testing.assert_array_equal(
env.get_qv(),
env.get_predicted('qv').to_ndarray().reshape(grid))
np.testing.assert_array_equal(
env.get_thd(),
env.get_predicted('thd').to_ndarray().reshape(grid))
def get_dummy_core_and_sdm(n_length):
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_length)
dv = 1
core.environment = Box(dv=dv, dt=0)
sdm = Coalescence(StubKernel(core.backend))
sdm.register(core)
return core, sdm
def test_sort_by_cell_id(backend, n, cells, n_sd, idx, new_idx,
cell_start): #, thread_number):
from PySDM.backends import ThrustRTC
if backend is ThrustRTC:
return # TODO
# Arrange
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
core.build(attributes={'n': np.ones(n_sd)})
sut = core.particles
sut._Particles__idx = TestParticles.make_storage(backend, idx)
sut.attributes['n'].data = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, n, sut._Particles__idx)
n_cell = max(cells) + 1
sut.attributes['cell id'].data = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, cells, sut._Particles__idx)
sut._Particles__cell_start = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, [0] * (n_cell + 1))
sut._Particles__n_sd = core.n_sd
sut.healthy = 0 not in n
sut._Particles__cell_caretaker = backend.make_cell_caretaker(
sut._Particles__idx, sut._Particles__cell_start)
# Act
sut.sanitize()
sut._Particles__sort_by_cell_id()
# Assert
np.testing.assert_array_equal(
np.array(new_idx),
sut._Particles__idx.to_ndarray()[:sut.SD_num])
np.testing.assert_array_equal(np.array(cell_start),
sut._Particles__cell_start.to_ndarray())
def test_moment_0d():
# Arrange
n_part = 10000
v_mean = 2e-6
d = 1.2
v_min = 0.01e-6
v_max = 10e-6
n_sd = 32
spectrum = Lognormal(n_part, v_mean, d)
v, n = linear(n_sd, spectrum, (v_min, v_max))
T = np.full_like(v, 300.)
n = discretise_n(n)
particles = DummyCore(backend, n_sd)
attribute = {'n': n, 'volume': v, 'temperature': T}
particles.build(attribute)
state = particles.state
true_mean, true_var = spectrum.stats(moments='mv')
# TODO: add a moments_0 wrapper
moment_0 = particles.backend.Storage.empty((1,), dtype=int)
moments = particles.backend.Storage.empty((1, 1), dtype=float)
# Act
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'volume': (0,)})
discr_zero = moments[0, 0]
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'volume': (1,)})
discr_mean = moments[0, 0]
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'volume': (2,)})
discr_mean_radius_squared = moments[0, 0]
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'temperature': (0,)})
discr_zero_T = moments[0, 0]
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'temperature': (1,)})
discr_mean_T = moments[0, 0]
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'temperature': (2,)})
discr_mean_T_squared = moments[0, 0]
# Assert
assert abs(discr_zero - 1) / 1 < 1e-3
assert abs(discr_mean - true_mean) / true_mean < .01e-1
true_mrsq = true_var + true_mean**2
assert abs(discr_mean_radius_squared - true_mrsq) / true_mrsq < .05e-1
assert discr_zero_T == discr_zero
assert discr_mean_T == 300.
assert discr_mean_T_squared == 300. ** 2
def test_moment_0d(backend):
# Arrange
n_part = 100000
v_mean = 2e-6
d = 1.2
n_sd = 32
spectrum = Lognormal(n_part, v_mean, d)
v, n = Linear(spectrum).sample(n_sd)
T = np.full_like(v, 300.)
n = discretise_n(n)
particles = DummyCore(backend, n_sd)
attribute = {'n': n, 'volume': v, 'temperature': T, 'heat': T * v}
particles.build(attribute)
state = particles.particles
true_mean, true_var = spectrum.stats(moments='mv')
# TODO #217 : add a moments_0 wrapper
moment_0 = particles.backend.Storage.empty((1, ), dtype=float)
moments = particles.backend.Storage.empty((1, 1), dtype=float)
# Act
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'volume': (0, )})
discr_zero = moments[0, slice(0, 1)].to_ndarray()
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'volume': (1, )})
discr_mean = moments[0, slice(0, 1)].to_ndarray()
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'volume': (2, )})
discr_mean_radius_squared = moments[0, slice(0, 1)].to_ndarray()
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'temperature': (0, )})
discr_zero_T = moments[0, slice(0, 1)].to_ndarray()
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'temperature': (1, )})
discr_mean_T = moments[0, slice(0, 1)].to_ndarray()
state.moments(moment_0, moments, specs={'temperature': (2, )})
discr_mean_T_squared = moments[0, slice(0, 1)].to_ndarray()
# Assert
assert abs(discr_zero - 1) / 1 < 1e-3
assert abs(discr_mean - true_mean) / true_mean < .01e-1
true_mrsq = true_var + true_mean**2
assert abs(discr_mean_radius_squared - true_mrsq) / true_mrsq < .05e-1
assert discr_zero_T == discr_zero
assert discr_mean_T == 300.
np.testing.assert_approx_equal(discr_mean_T_squared,
300.**2,
significant=6)
def get_dummy_core_and_sdm(backend,
n_length,
optimized_random=False,
environment=None,
substeps=1):
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_length)
core.environment = environment or Box(dv=1, dt=default_dt_coal_range[1])
sdm = Coalescence(StubKernel(core.backend),
optimized_random=optimized_random,
substeps=substeps)
sdm.register(core)
return core, sdm
def test_housekeeping(backend, volume, n):
# Arrange
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=len(n))
attributes = {'n': n, 'volume': volume}
core.build(attributes, int_caster=np.int64)
sut = core.particles
sut.healthy = False
# Act
sut.sanitize()
_ = sut.SD_num
# Assert
assert sut.SD_num == (n != 0).sum()
assert sut['n'].to_ndarray().sum() == n.sum()
assert (sut['volume'].to_ndarray() * sut['n'].to_ndarray()).sum() == (volume * n).sum()
def test_permutation_global(backend):
from PySDM.backends import ThrustRTC
if backend is ThrustRTC:
return # TODO
n_sd = 8
u01 = [.1, .4, .2, .5, .9, .1, .6, .3]
# Arrange
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
sut = ParticlesFactory.empty_particles(core, n_sd)
idx_length = len(sut._Particles__idx)
sut._Particles__tmp_idx = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, [0] * idx_length)
sut._Particles__sorted = True
sut._Particles__n_sd = core.n_sd
u01 = TestParticles.make_storage(backend, u01)
# Act
sut.permutation(u01, local=False)
# Assert
expected = np.array([1, 3, 5, 7, 6, 0, 4, 2])
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._Particles__idx, expected)
assert not sut._Particles__sorted
def test_housekeeping(self, volume, n):
# Arrange
particles = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=len(n))
attributes = {'n': n, 'volume': volume}
particles.build(attributes)
sut = particles.state
sut.healthy = False
# Act
n_sd = sut.SD_num
# Assert
assert sut.SD_num == (n != 0).sum()
assert sut['n'].to_ndarray().sum() == n.sum()
assert (sut['volume'].to_ndarray() *
sut['n'].to_ndarray()).sum() == (volume * n).sum()
def test_permutation_global_repeatable(backend):
from PySDM.backends import ThrustRTC
if backend is ThrustRTC:
return # TODO
n_sd = 800
u01 = np.random.random(n_sd)
# Arrange
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
sut = ParticlesFactory.empty_particles(core, n_sd)
idx_length = len(sut._Particles__idx)
sut._Particles__tmp_idx = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, [0] * idx_length)
sut._Particles__sorted = True
sut._Particles__n_sd = core.n_sd
u01 = TestParticles.make_storage(backend, u01)
# Act
sut.permutation(u01, local=False)
expected = sut._Particles__idx.to_ndarray()
sut._Particles__sorted = True
sut._Particles__idx = TestParticles.make_storage(backend, range(n_sd))
sut.permutation(u01, local=False)
# Assert
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._Particles__idx, expected)
assert not sut._Particles__sorted
def test_approximation(backend, plot=False):
r = np.array([
.078, .1, .2, .3, .4, .5, .6, .7, .8, .9, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6
]) * const.si.mm / 2
r = backend.Storage.from_ndarray(r)
u = np.array([
18, 27, 72, 117, 162, 206, 247, 287, 327, 367, 403, 464, 517, 565
]) / 100
n_sd = len(r)
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
# radius = np.linspace(4e-6, 200e-6, 1000, endpoint=True)
u_term_ry = core.backend.Storage.empty((len(u), ), float)
RogersYau(core)(u_term_ry, r)
u_term_inter = backend.Storage.from_ndarray(u_term_ry.to_ndarray())
Interpolation(core)(u_term_inter, r)
assert np.mean((u - u_term_ry)**2) < 2e-2
assert np.mean((u - u_term_inter)**2) < 1e-6
if plot:
# r, u = r[:5], u[:5]
plt.plot(r, u_term_ry)
plt.plot(r, u_term_inter)
plt.plot(r, u)
plt.grid()
plt.show()
def test_spectrum_moment_0d(backend):
# Arrange
n_part = 100000
v_mean = 2e-6
d = 1.2
n_sd = 32
spectrum = Lognormal(n_part, v_mean, d)
v, n = Linear(spectrum).sample(n_sd)
T = np.full_like(v, 300.)
n = discretise_n(n)
particles = DummyCore(backend, n_sd)
attribute = {'n': n, 'volume': v, 'temperature': T, 'heat': T * v}
particles.build(attribute)
state = particles.particles
v_bins = np.linspace(0, 5e-6, num=5, endpoint=True)
true_mean, true_var = spectrum.stats(moments='mv')
# TODO #217 : add a moments_0 wrapper
spectrum_moment_0 = particles.backend.Storage.empty(
(len(v_bins) - 1, 1), dtype=float)
spectrum_moments = particles.backend.Storage.empty(
(len(v_bins) - 1, 1), dtype=float)
moment_0 = particles.backend.Storage.empty((1, ), dtype=float)
moments = particles.backend.Storage.empty((1, 1), dtype=float)
v_bins_edges = particles.backend.Storage.from_ndarray(v_bins)
# Act
state.spectrum_moments(spectrum_moment_0,
spectrum_moments,
attr='volume',
rank=1,
attr_bins=v_bins_edges)
actual = spectrum_moments.to_ndarray()
expected = np.empty((len(v_bins) - 1, 1), dtype=float)
for i in range(len(v_bins) - 1):
state.moments(moment_0,
moments,
specs={'volume': (1, )},
attr_range=(v_bins[i], v_bins[i + 1]))
expected[i, 0] = moments[0, 0]
# Assert
np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(actual, expected)
def test_observer(backend):
class Observer:
def __init__(self, core):
self.steps = 0
self.core = core
self.core.observers.append(self)
def notify(self):
self.steps += 1
assert self.steps == self.core.n_steps
steps = 33
core = DummyCore(backend, 44)
observer = Observer(core)
core.run(steps)
assert observer.steps == steps
def test_permutation_local_repeatable(backend):
from PySDM.backends import ThrustRTC
if backend is ThrustRTC:
return # TODO
n_sd = 800
idx = range(n_sd)
u01 = np.random.random(n_sd)
cell_start = [0, 0, 20, 250, 700, n_sd]
# Arrange
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
core.build(attributes={'n': np.ones(n_sd)})
sut = core.particles
sut._Particles__idx = TestParticles.make_storage(backend, idx)
idx_length = len(sut._Particles__idx)
sut._Particles__tmp_idx = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, [0] * idx_length)
cell_id = []
for i in range(len(cell_start) - 1):
cell_id += [i] * (cell_start[i + 1] - cell_start[i])
assert len(cell_id) == n_sd
sut.attributes['cell id'].data = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, cell_id)
sut._Particles__cell_start = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, cell_start)
sut._Particles__sorted = True
sut._Particles__n_sd = core.n_sd
u01 = TestParticles.make_storage(backend, u01)
# Act
sut.permutation(u01, local=True)
expected = sut._Particles__idx.to_ndarray()
sut._Particles__idx = TestParticles.make_storage(backend, idx)
sut.permutation(u01, local=True)
# Assert
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._Particles__idx.to_ndarray(),
expected)
assert sut._Particles__sorted
sut._Particles__sort_by_cell_id()
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._Particles__idx.to_ndarray(),
expected)
def get_displacement(self):
core = DummyCore(Default, n_sd=len(self.n))
core.environment = DummyEnvironment(
dt=self.dt,
grid=self.grid,
courant_field_data=self.courant_field_data)
positions = np.array(self.positions)
cell_id, cell_origin, position_in_cell = core.mesh.cellular_attributes(
positions)
attributes = {
'n': self.n,
'cell id': cell_id,
'cell origin': cell_origin,
'position in cell': position_in_cell
}
core.build(attributes)
sut = Displacement(scheme=self.scheme,
sedimentation=self.sedimentation)
sut.register(core)
return sut, core
def test_permutation_local_repeatable(backend):
if backend==GPU: # TODO #358
return
n_sd = 800
idx = range(n_sd)
u01 = np.random.random(n_sd)
cell_start = [0, 0, 20, 250, 700, n_sd]
# Arrange
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
cell_id = []
core.environment.mesh.n_cell = len(cell_start) - 1
for i in range(core.environment.mesh.n_cell):
cell_id += [i] * (cell_start[i + 1] - cell_start[i])
assert len(cell_id) == n_sd
core.build(attributes={'n': np.ones(n_sd)})
sut = core.particles
sut._Particles__idx = TestParticles.make_indexed_storage(backend, idx)
idx_length = len(sut._Particles__idx)
sut._Particles__tmp_idx = TestParticles.make_indexed_storage(backend, [0] * idx_length)
sut.attributes['cell id'].data = TestParticles.make_indexed_storage(backend, cell_id)
sut._Particles__cell_start = TestParticles.make_indexed_storage(backend, cell_start)
sut._Particles__sorted = True
sut._Particles__n_sd = core.n_sd
u01 = TestParticles.make_indexed_storage(backend, u01)
# Act
sut.permutation(u01, local=True)
expected = sut._Particles__idx.to_ndarray()
sut._Particles__idx = TestParticles.make_indexed_storage(backend, idx)
sut.permutation(u01, local=True)
# Assert
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._Particles__idx.to_ndarray(), expected)
assert sut._Particles__sorted
sut._Particles__sort_by_cell_id()
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._Particles__idx.to_ndarray(), expected)
def get_displacement(self, backend, scheme):
formulae = Formulae(particle_advection=scheme)
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=len(self.n), formulae=formulae)
core.environment = DummyEnvironment(
dt=self.dt,
grid=self.grid,
courant_field_data=self.courant_field_data)
positions = np.array(self.positions)
cell_id, cell_origin, position_in_cell = core.mesh.cellular_attributes(
positions)
attributes = {
'n': self.n,
'volume': self.volume,
'cell id': cell_id,
'cell origin': cell_origin,
'position in cell': position_in_cell
}
core.build(attributes)
sut = Displacement(courant_field=self.courant_field_data,
enable_sedimentation=self.sedimentation)
sut.register(core)
return sut, core
def test_permutation_global(self):
n_sd = 8
u01 = [.1, .4, .2, .5, .9, .1, .6, .3]
# Arrange
particles = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
sut = StateFactory.empty_state(particles, n_sd)
idx_length = len(sut._State__idx)
sut._State__tmp_idx = TestState.storage([0] * idx_length)
sut._State__sorted = True
sut._State__n_sd = particles.n_sd
u01 = TestState.storage(u01)
# Act
sut.permutation(u01, local=False)
# Assert
expected = np.array([1, 3, 5, 7, 6, 0, 4, 2])
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._State__idx, expected)
assert sut._State__sorted == False
def test_permutation_global_as_implemented_in_Numba():
n_sd = 8
u01 = [.1, .4, .2, .5, .9, .1, .6, .3]
# Arrange
core = DummyCore(CPU, n_sd=n_sd)
sut = ParticlesFactory.empty_particles(core, n_sd)
idx_length = len(sut._Particles__idx)
sut._Particles__tmp_idx = TestParticles.make_indexed_storage(CPU, [0] * idx_length)
sut._Particles__sorted = True
sut._Particles__n_sd = core.n_sd
u01 = TestParticles.make_indexed_storage(CPU, u01)
# Act
sut.permutation(u01, local=False)
# Assert
expected = np.array([1, 3, 5, 7, 6, 0, 4, 2])
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._Particles__idx, expected)
assert not sut._Particles__sorted
def test_permutation_global_repeatable(self):
n_sd = 800
u01 = np.random.random(n_sd)
# Arrange
particles = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
sut = StateFactory.empty_state(particles, n_sd)
idx_length = len(sut._State__idx)
sut._State__tmp_idx = TestState.storage([0] * idx_length)
sut._State__sorted = True
sut._State__n_sd = particles.n_sd
u01 = TestState.storage(u01)
# Act
sut.permutation(u01, local=False)
expected = sut._State__idx.to_ndarray()
sut._State__sorted = True
sut._State__idx = TestState.storage(range(n_sd))
sut.permutation(u01, local=False)
# Assert
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._State__idx, expected)
assert sut._State__sorted == False
def test_permutation_local(backend):
n_sd = 8
u01 = [.1, .4, .2, .5, .9, .1, .6, .3]
cell_start = [0, 0, 2, 5, 7, n_sd]
# Arrange
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd=n_sd)
sut = ParticlesFactory.empty_particles(core, n_sd)
idx_length = len(sut._Particles__idx)
sut._Particles__tmp_idx = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, [0] * idx_length)
sut._Particles__cell_start = TestParticles.make_storage(
backend, cell_start)
sut._Particles__sorted = True
sut._Particles__n_sd = core.n_sd
u01 = TestParticles.make_storage(backend, u01)
# Act
sut.permutation(u01, local=True)
# Assert
expected = np.array([1, 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
np.testing.assert_array_equal(sut._Particles__idx, expected)
assert sut._Particles__sorted
def test_final_state(croupier, backend):
from PySDM.backends import ThrustRTC
if backend is ThrustRTC:
return # TODO #330
# Arrange
n_part = 100000
v_mean = 2e-6
d = 1.2
n_sd = 32
x = 4
y = 4
attributes = {}
spectrum = Lognormal(n_part, v_mean, d)
attributes['volume'], attributes['n'] = Linear(spectrum).sample(n_sd)
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd)
core.environment = DummyEnvironment(grid=(x, y))
core.croupier = croupier
attributes['cell id'] = np.array((n_sd, ), dtype=int)
cell_origin_np = np.concatenate(
[np.random.randint(0, x, n_sd),
np.random.randint(0, y, n_sd)]).reshape((2, -1))
attributes['cell origin'] = cell_origin_np
position_in_cell_np = np.concatenate(
[np.random.rand(n_sd), np.random.rand(n_sd)]).reshape((2, -1))
attributes['position in cell'] = position_in_cell_np
core.build(attributes)
# Act
u01 = backend.Storage.from_ndarray(np.random.random(n_sd))
core.particles.permutation(u01, local=core.croupier == 'local')
_ = core.particles.cell_start
# Assert
assert (np.diff(core.particles['cell id'][core.particles._Particles__idx])
>= 0).all()
def test_final_state(croupier):
# Arrange
n_part = 10000
v_mean = 2e-6
d = 1.2
v_min = 0.01e-6
v_max = 10e-6
n_sd = 64
x = 4
y = 4
attributes = {}
spectrum = Lognormal(n_part, v_mean, d)
attributes['volume'], attributes['n'] = linear(n_sd, spectrum,
(v_min, v_max))
core = DummyCore(backend, n_sd)
core.environment = DummyEnvironment(grid=(x, y))
core.croupier = croupier
attributes['cell id'] = backend.array((n_sd, ), dtype=int)
cell_origin_np = np.concatenate(
[np.random.randint(0, x, n_sd),
np.random.randint(0, y, n_sd)]).reshape((2, -1))
attributes['cell origin'] = backend.from_ndarray(cell_origin_np)
position_in_cell_np = np.concatenate(
[np.random.rand(n_sd), np.random.rand(n_sd)]).reshape((2, -1))
attributes['position in cell'] = backend.from_ndarray(position_in_cell_np)
core.build(attributes)
# Act
u01 = backend.Storage.from_ndarray(np.random.random(n_sd))
core.state.permutation(u01)
_ = core.state.cell_start
# Assert
assert (np.diff(core.state['cell id'][core.state._State__idx]) >= 0).all()