def comp_force(self, output):
"""Compute the air-gap surface force based on Maxwell Tensor (MT).
Parameters
----------
self : ForceMT
A ForceMT object
output : Output
an Output object (to update)
"""
mu_0 = 4 * np.pi * 1e-7
angle = output.force.angle
Na_tot = output.force.Na_tot
time = output.force.time
Nt_tot = output.force.Nt_tot
# Load magnetic flux
Br = output.mag.Br.values
Bt = output.mag.Bt.values
# Compute AGSF with MT formula
Prad = (Br * Br - Bt * Bt) / (2 * mu_0)
Ptan = Br * Bt / mu_0
# Store the results
Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
symmetries={},
initial=time[0],
final=time[-1],
number=Nt_tot,
)
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
symmetries={},
initial=angle[0],
final=angle[-1],
number=Na_tot,
)
output.force.Prad = DataTime(
name="Airgap radial surface force",
unit="T",
symbol="P_r",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=Prad,
)
output.force.Ptan = DataTime(
name="Airgap radial surface force",
unit="T",
symbol="P_t",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=Ptan,
)
def plot_mmf_unit(self, Na=2048, fig=None):
"""Plot the winding unit mmf as a function of space
Parameters
----------
self : LamSlotWind
an LamSlotWind object
Na : int
Space discretization
fig : Matplotlib.figure.Figure
existing figure to use if None create a new one
"""
# Create an empty Output object to use the generic plot methods
module = __import__("pyleecan.Classes.Output", fromlist=["Output"])
Output = getattr(module, "Output")
out = Output()
# Compute the winding function and mmf
wf = self.comp_wind_function(Na=Na)
qs = self.winding.qs
mmf_u = self.comp_mmf_unit(Na=Na)
# Create a Data object
Phase = Data1D(
name="phase",
unit="",
values=gen_name(qs, is_add_phase=True),
is_components=True,
)
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
symmetries={},
initial=0,
final=2 * pi,
number=Na,
include_endpoint=False,
)
out.mag.Br = DataTime(name="WF",
unit="p.u.",
symbol="Magnitude",
axes=[Phase, Angle],
values=wf)
color_list = config_dict["PLOT"]["COLOR_DICT"]["PHASE_COLORS"][:qs + 1]
out.plot_A_space(
"mag.Br",
is_fft=True,
index_list=[0, 1, 2],
data_list=[mmf_u],
fig=fig,
color_list=color_list,
)
def get_wave(self):
"""Return the wave generated by the Drive
Parameters
----------
self : DriveWave
A DriveWave object
Returns
-------
wave : DataTime
Voltage / current waveform (Nt, qs)
"""
wave = self.wave.get_data()
Phase = Data1D(
name="phase",
unit="",
values=gen_name(wave.shape[0], is_add_phase=True),
is_components=True,
)
# Ouput.Simulation.Electrical.EEC.Drive
if (check_parent(self, 4)
and self.parent.parent.parent.parent.elec.time is not None
and len(self.parent.parent.parent.parent.elec.time) > 1):
Time = Data1D(name="time",
unit="s",
values=self.parent.parent.parent.parent.elec.time)
else:
Nt = wave.shape[1]
Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
symmetries={},
initial=0,
final=Nt,
number=Nt,
include_endpoint=False,
)
if self.is_current:
return DataTime(name="Current",
unit="A",
symbol="I",
axes=[Phase, Time],
values=wave)
else:
return DataTime(name="Voltage",
unit="V",
symbol="U",
axes=[Phase, Time],
values=wave)
def import_signal(self,
is_stationary,
file,
calib=1,
mat_signal='',
mat_fs=''):
""" Method to load the signal from a .wav .mat or .uff file
Parameters
----------
is_stationary : boolean
TRUE if the signal is stationary, FALSE if it is time-varying
file : string
string path to the signal file
calib : float
calibration factor for the signal to be in [pa]
mat_signal : string
in case of a .mat file, name of the signal variable
mat_fs : string
in case of a .mat file, name of the sampling frequency variable
Outputs
-------
signal : numpy.array
time signal values
fs : integer
sampling frequency
"""
self.is_stationary = is_stationary
values, self.fs = load(self.is_stationary, file, calib, mat_signal,
mat_fs)
self.signal = Data1D(values=values, name="Audio signal", unit='Pa')
self.time_axis = DataLinspace(
initial=0,
final=len(self.signal.values) / self.fs,
step=1 / self.fs,
)
def comp_axes(self, machine, N0=None):
"""Compute simulation axes, i.e. space DataObject including (anti)-periodicity
and time DataObject including (anti)-periodicity and accounting for rotating speed
and number of revolutions
Parameters
----------
self : Input
an Input object
machine : Machine
a Machine object
N0 : float
rotating speed [rpm]
Returns
-------
Time : DataLinspace
Time axis including (anti)-periodicity and accounting for rotating speed and number of revolutions
Angle : DataLinspace
Angle axis including (anti)-periodicity
"""
if self.time is None and N0 is None:
raise InputError("ERROR: time and N0 can't be both None")
# Get machine pole pair number
p = machine.get_pole_pair_number()
# Get electrical fundamental frequency
f_elec = self.comp_felec()
# Airgap radius
Rag = machine.comp_Rgap_mec()
# Setup normalizations for time and angle axes
norm_time = {
"elec_order": f_elec,
"mech_order": f_elec / p,
}
if N0 is not None:
norm_time["angle_rotor"] = 1 / (360 * N0 / 60)
norm_angle = {"space_order": p, "distance": 1 / Rag}
# Create time axis
if self.time is None:
# Create time axis as a DataLinspace
Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
initial=0,
final=60 / N0 * self.Nrev,
number=self.Nt_tot,
include_endpoint=False,
normalizations=norm_time,
)
else:
# Load time data
time = self.time.get_data()
self.Nt_tot = len(time)
Time = Data1D(name="time",
unit="s",
values=time,
normalizations=norm_time)
# Create angle axis
if self.angle is None:
# Create angle axis as a DataLinspace
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
initial=0,
final=2 * pi,
number=self.Na_tot,
include_endpoint=False,
normalizations=norm_angle,
)
else:
# Load angle data
angle = self.angle.get_data()
self.Na_tot = len(angle)
Angle = Data1D(name="angle",
unit="rad",
values=angle,
normalizations=norm_angle)
return Time, Angle
def __init__(self, file, is_stationary=False, calib=1, mat_signal="", mat_fs=""):
"""Constructor of the class. Loads the signal from a .wav .mat or .uff file
Parameters
----------
self : Audio object
Object from the Audio class
file : string
string path to the signal file
is_stationary : boolean
TRUE if the signal is stationary, FALSE if it is time-varying
calib : float
calibration factor for the signal to be in [pa]
mat_signal : string
in case of a .mat file, name of the signal variable
mat_fs : string
in case of a .mat file, name of the sampling frequency variable
"""
# Import audio signal
values, fs = load(
is_stationary,
file,
calib=calib,
mat_signal=mat_signal,
mat_fs=mat_fs,
)
# Create Data object for time axis
time_axis = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
initial=0,
final=(len(values) - 1) / fs,
number=len(values),
include_endpoint=True,
)
# Create audio signal Data object and populate the object
self.fs = fs
self.is_stationary = is_stationary
self.signal = DataTime(
name="Audio signal",
symbol="x",
unit="Pa",
normalizations={"ref": 2e-5},
axes=[time_axis],
values=values,
)
# Init physical metrics attributes
self.third_spec = None
self.level = None
self.welch = None
# Init physiological metrics attributes
self.loudness_zwicker = None
self.loudness_zwicker_specific = None
self.sharpness = dict()
self.roughness = dict()
self.tonality = dict()
def comp_axis_time(self, p, per_t=None, is_antiper_t=None, Time_in=None):
"""Compute time axis, with or without periodicities and including normalizations
Parameters
----------
self : Input
an Input object
p: int
Number of pole pairs
per_t : int
time periodicity
is_antiper_t : bool
if the time axis is antiperiodic
Time_in: Data
Input time axis
Returns
-------
Time: Data
Requested Time axis
"""
f_elec = self.OP.get_felec(p=p)
N0 = self.OP.get_N0(p=p)
A0 = self.angle_rotor_initial
# Setup normalizations for time and angle axes
norm_time = {
"elec_order":
Norm_ref(ref=f_elec),
"mech_order":
Norm_ref(ref=N0 / 60),
"angle_elec":
Norm_ref(ref=self.current_dir / (2 * pi * f_elec)),
"angle_rotor":
Norm_affine(slope=self.rot_dir * N0 * 360 / 60, offset=A0 * 180 / pi),
}
# Compute Time axis based on input one
if Time_in is not None:
if per_t is None or is_antiper_t is None:
# Get periodicity from input Time axis
per_t, is_antiper_t = Time_in.get_periodicity()
per_t = int(per_t / 2) if is_antiper_t else per_t
# Get axis on given periodicities
Time = Time_in.get_axis_periodic(Nper=per_t, is_aper=is_antiper_t)
Time.normalizations = norm_time
# Create time axis
elif self.time is None:
# Create time axis as a DataLinspace
if self.t_final is not None:
# Enforce final time
t_final = self.t_final
elif self.Nrev is not None:
# Set final time depending on rotor speed and number of revolutions
t_final = 60 / self.OP.N0 * self.Nrev
else:
# Set final time to p times the number of electrical periods
t_final = p / f_elec
# Create time axis as a DataLinspace
Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
initial=0,
final=t_final,
number=self.Nt_tot,
include_endpoint=False,
normalizations=norm_time,
)
# Add time (anti-)periodicity
if per_t > 1 or is_antiper_t:
Time = Time.get_axis_periodic(per_t, is_antiper_t)
else:
# Load time data
time = self.time.get_data()
self.Nt_tot = time.size
Time = Data1D(name="time",
unit="s",
values=time,
normalizations=norm_time)
# Add time (anti-)periodicity
sym_t = dict()
if is_antiper_t:
sym_t["antiperiod"] = per_t
elif per_t > 1:
sym_t["period"] = per_t
Time.symmetries = sym_t
Time = Time.to_linspace()
return Time
def comp_axis_angle(self,
p,
Rag,
per_a=None,
is_antiper_a=None,
Angle_in=None):
"""Compute angle axis with or without periodicities and including normalizations
Parameters
----------
self : Input
an Input object
p : int
Machine pole pair number
Rag: float
Airgap mean radius [m]
per_a : int
angle periodicity
is_antiper_a : bool
if the angle axis is antiperiodic
Angle_in: Data
Input axis angle
Returns
-------
Timee_in: Data
Requested axis angle
"""
norm_angle = {
"space_order": Norm_ref(ref=p),
"distance": Norm_ref(ref=1 / Rag)
}
# Compute angle axis based on input one
if Angle_in is not None:
if per_a is None or is_antiper_a is None:
# Get periodicity from input Angle axis
per_a, is_antiper_a = Angle_in.get_periodicity()
per_a = int(per_a / 2) if is_antiper_a else per_a
# Get Angle axis on requested periodicities
Angle = Angle_in.get_axis_periodic(Nper=per_a, is_aper=is_antiper_a)
Angle.normalizations = norm_angle
# Create angle axis
elif self.angle is None:
# Create angle axis as a DataLinspace
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
initial=0,
final=2 * pi,
number=self.Na_tot,
include_endpoint=False,
normalizations=norm_angle,
)
# Add angle (anti-)periodicity
if per_a > 1 or is_antiper_a:
Angle = Angle.get_axis_periodic(per_a, is_antiper_a)
else:
# Load angle data
angle = self.angle.get_data()
self.Na_tot = angle.size
Angle = Data1D(name="angle",
unit="rad",
values=angle,
normalizations=norm_angle)
# Add angle (anti-)periodicity
sym_a = dict()
if is_antiper_a:
sym_a["antiperiod"] = per_a
elif per_a > 1:
sym_a["period"] = per_a
Angle.symmetries = sym_a
Angle = Angle.to_linspace()
return Angle
def comp_mmf_unit(self, Na=2048, Nt=50):
"""Compute the winding Unit magnetomotive force
Parameters
----------
self : LamSlotWind
an LamSlotWind object
Na : int
Space discretization for offline computation (otherwise use out.elec.angle)
Nt : int
Time discretization for offline computation (otherwise use out.elec.time)
Returns
-------
mmf_unit : SciDataTool.Classes.DataND.DataND
Unit magnetomotive force (Na)
"""
# Check if the lamination is within an output object
is_out = check_parent(self, 3)
# Check if the result is already available
if is_out and self.parent.parent.parent.elec.mmf_unit is not None:
return self.parent.parent.parent.elec.mmf_unit
# Define the space dicretization
if (is_out and self.parent.parent.parent.elec.angle is not None
and self.parent.parent.parent.elec.angle.size > 0):
# Use Electrical module discretization
angle = self.parent.parent.parent.elec.angle
Na = angle.size
else:
angle = linspace(0, 2 * pi, Na, endpoint=False)
# Define the time dicretization
if (is_out and self.parent.parent.parent.elec.time is not None
and self.parent.parent.parent.elec.time.size > 1):
time = self.parent.parent.parent.elec.time
Nt = time.size
else:
time = linspace(0, 1 / 50, Nt, endpoint=False) # freq = 50Hz
# Compute the winding function and mmf
wf = self.comp_wind_function(angle=angle)
qs = self.winding.qs
# Compute unit mmf
Idq = zeros((Nt, 2))
Idq[:, 0] = ones(Nt)
I = dq2n(Idq, 0, n=qs)
mmf_u = squeeze(dot(I, wf))
# Create a Data object
Time = Data1D(name="time", unit="s", values=time)
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
symmetries={},
initial=0,
final=2 * pi,
number=Na,
include_endpoint=False,
)
MMF = DataTime(
name="Unit MMF",
unit="p.u.",
symbol="Magnitude",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=mmf_u,
)
if is_out: # Store the result if the Output is available
self.parent.parent.parent.elec.mmf_unit = MMF
return MMF
def comp_axes(self, machine, N0=None):
"""Compute simulation axes, i.e. space DataObject including (anti)-periodicity
and time DataObject including (anti)-periodicity and accounting for rotating speed
and number of revolutions
Parameters
----------
self : Input
an Input object
machine : Machine
a Machine object
N0 : float
rotating speed [rpm]
Returns
-------
Time : DataLinspace
Time axis including (anti)-periodicity and accounting for rotating speed and number of revolutions
Angle : DataLinspace
Angle axis including (anti)-periodicity
"""
# Time axis
if self.time is None:
if N0 is None:
raise InputError("ERROR: time and N0 can't be both None")
Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
initial=0,
final=60 / N0 * self.Nrev,
number=self.Nt_tot,
include_endpoint=False,
)
else:
# Load and check time
time = self.time.get_data()
self.Nt_tot = len(time)
Time = Data1D(name="time", unit="s", values=time)
# Angle axis
if self.angle is None:
# Create angle vector as a linspace
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
initial=0,
final=2 * pi,
number=self.Na_tot,
include_endpoint=False,
)
else:
# Load angle data
angle = self.angle.get_data()
self.Na_tot = len(angle)
Angle = Data1D(name="angle", unit="rad", values=angle)
return Time, Angle
def draw_FEMM(self):
"""Draw the Machine in FEMM"""
save_file_path = self.get_save_path(ext=".fem",
file_type="FEMM (*.fem)")
# Avoid bug due to user closing the popup witout selecting a file
if save_file_path is [None, ""]:
return
femm = _FEMMHandler()
output = Output(simu=Simu1(machine=self.machine))
# Periodicity
sym, is_antiper, _, _ = self.machine.comp_periodicity()
if is_antiper:
sym *= 2
# Set Current (constant J in a layer)
S_slot = self.machine.stator.slot.comp_surface_active()
(Nrad, Ntan) = self.machine.stator.winding.get_dim_wind()
Ntcoil = self.machine.stator.winding.Ntcoil
Sphase = S_slot / (Nrad * Ntan)
J = 5e6
if self.machine.is_synchronous():
output.elec.OP = OPdq(felec=60)
else:
output.elec.OP = OPslip(felec=60)
output.elec.OP.set_Id_Iq(Id=J * Sphase / Ntcoil, Iq=0)
output.elec.Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
initial=0,
final=60,
number=20,
include_endpoint=False,
)
time = output.elec.Time.get_values(
is_oneperiod=False,
is_antiperiod=False,
)
Is = output.elec.comp_I_mag(time, is_stator=True)
alpha = output.get_angle_rotor_initial()
try:
# Draw the machine
FEMM_dict = draw_FEMM(
femm,
output,
is_mmfr=True,
is_mmfs=True,
sym=sym,
is_antiper=is_antiper,
type_calc_leakage=0,
path_save=None,
is_sliding_band=True,
)
# Set the current
update_FEMM_simulation(
femm=femm,
circuits=FEMM_dict["circuits"],
is_sliding_band=True,
is_internal_rotor=self.machine.rotor.is_internal,
angle_rotor=[alpha],
Is=Is,
Ir=None,
ii=0,
)
femm.mi_saveas(save_file_path) # Save
except Exception as e:
err_msg = ("Error while drawing machine " + self.machine.name +
" in FEMM:\n" + str(e))
getLogger(GUI_LOG_NAME).error(err_msg)
QMessageBox().critical(
self,
self.tr("Error"),
self.tr(err_msg),
)
femm.closefemm()
def comp_axes(
self,
axes_values,
machine=None,
N0=None,
per_a=1,
is_antiper_a=False,
per_t=1,
is_antiper_t=False,
):
"""Compute simulation axes, i.e. space DataObject including (anti)-periodicity
and time DataObject including (anti)-periodicity and accounting for rotating speed
and number of revolutions -> overrides Input comp_axes method
Parameters
----------
self : InputFlux
an InputFlux object
axes_values : {ndarray}
dict of axe values
machine : Machine
a Machine object
N0 : float
rotating speed [rpm]
per_a : int
angle periodicity
is_antiper_a : bool
if the angle axis is antiperiodic
per_t : int
time periodicity
is_antiper_t : bool
if the time axis is antiperiodic
Returns
-------
axes_dict : {Data}
dict of Data objects for each axis
"""
norm_time = {}
norm_angle = {}
if machine is not None:
# Get machine pole pair number
p = machine.get_pole_pair_number()
# Get electrical fundamental frequency
f_elec = self.comp_felec()
# Airgap radius
Rag = machine.comp_Rgap_mec()
# Setup normalizations for time and angle axes
norm_time["elec_order"] = f_elec
norm_time["mech_order"] = f_elec / p
if N0 is not None:
norm_time["angle_rotor"] = 1 / (360 * N0 / 60)
norm_angle["space_order"] = p
norm_angle["distance"] = 1 / Rag
sym_t = {}
if is_antiper_t:
sym_t["antiperiod"] = per_t
else:
sym_t["period"] = per_t
if self.time is not None:
Time = Data1D(
name="time",
unit="s",
values=self.time.get_data(),
normalizations=norm_time,
symmetries=sym_t,
)
elif "time" in axes_values:
Time = Data1D(
name="time",
unit="s",
values=axes_values["time"],
normalizations=norm_time,
symmetries=sym_t,
)
elif N0 is None:
raise InputError("ERROR: time and N0 can't be both None")
else:
# Create time axis as a DataLinspace
Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
initial=0,
final=60 / N0 * self.Nrev,
number=self.Nt_tot,
include_endpoint=False,
normalizations=norm_time,
symmetries=sym_t,
)
sym_a = {}
if is_antiper_a:
sym_a["antiperiod"] = per_a
else:
sym_a["period"] = per_a
if self.angle is not None:
Angle = Data1D(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
values=self.angle.get_data(),
normalizations=norm_angle,
symmetries=sym_a,
)
elif "angle" in axes_values:
Angle = Data1D(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
values=axes_values["angle"],
normalizations=norm_angle,
symmetries=sym_a,
)
else:
# Create angle axis as a DataLinspace
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
initial=0,
final=2 * pi,
number=self.Na_tot,
include_endpoint=False,
normalizations=norm_angle,
symmetries=sym_a,
)
# Store in axes_dict
axes_dict = {"Time": Time, "Angle": Angle}
return axes_dict
def solve_FEMM(self, femm, output, sym):
# Loading parameters for readibility
angle = output.mag.angle
L1 = output.simu.machine.stator.comp_length()
Nt_tot = output.mag.Nt_tot # Number of time step
Na_tot = output.mag.Na_tot # Number of angular step
save_path = self.get_path_save(output)
FEMM_dict = output.mag.FEMM_dict
if (hasattr(output.simu.machine.stator, "winding")
and output.simu.machine.stator.winding is not None):
qs = output.simu.machine.stator.winding.qs # Winding phase number
Npcpp = output.simu.machine.stator.winding.Npcpp
Phi_wind_stator = zeros((Nt_tot, qs))
else:
Phi_wind_stator = None
# Create the mesh
femm.mi_createmesh()
# Initialize results matrix
Br = zeros((Nt_tot, Na_tot))
Bt = zeros((Nt_tot, Na_tot))
Tem = zeros((Nt_tot))
Rag = output.simu.machine.comp_Rgap_mec()
# Compute the data for each time step
for ii in range(Nt_tot):
self.get_logger().debug("Solving step " + str(ii + 1) + " / " +
str(Nt_tot))
# Update rotor position and currents
update_FEMM_simulation(
femm=femm,
output=output,
materials=FEMM_dict["materials"],
circuits=FEMM_dict["circuits"],
is_mmfs=self.is_mmfs,
is_mmfr=self.is_mmfr,
j_t0=ii,
is_sliding_band=self.is_sliding_band,
)
# try "previous solution" for speed up of FEMM calculation
if self.is_sliding_band:
try:
base = basename(self.get_path_save_fem(output))
ans_file = splitext(base)[0] + ".ans"
femm.mi_setprevious(ans_file, 0)
except:
pass
# Run the computation
femm.mi_analyze()
femm.mi_loadsolution()
# Get the flux result
if self.is_sliding_band:
for jj in range(Na_tot):
Br[ii, jj], Bt[ii,
jj] = femm.mo_getgapb("bc_ag2",
angle[jj] * 180 / pi)
else:
for jj in range(Na_tot):
B = femm.mo_getb(Rag * np.cos(angle[jj]),
Rag * np.sin(angle[jj]))
Br[ii,
jj] = B[0] * np.cos(angle[jj]) + B[1] * np.sin(angle[jj])
Bt[ii,
jj] = -B[0] * np.sin(angle[jj]) + B[1] * np.cos(angle[jj])
# Compute the torque
Tem[ii] = comp_FEMM_torque(femm, FEMM_dict, sym=sym)
if (hasattr(output.simu.machine.stator, "winding")
and output.simu.machine.stator.winding is not None):
# Phi_wind computation
Phi_wind_stator[ii, :] = comp_FEMM_Phi_wind(
femm,
qs,
Npcpp,
is_stator=True,
Lfemm=FEMM_dict["Lfemm"],
L1=L1,
sym=sym,
)
# Load mesh data & solution
if (self.is_sliding_band or Nt_tot == 1) and (self.is_get_mesh
or self.is_save_FEA):
tmpmeshFEMM, tmpB, tmpH, tmpmu, tmpgroups = self.get_meshsolution(
femm, save_path, ii)
if ii == 0:
meshFEMM = [tmpmeshFEMM]
groups = [tmpgroups]
B_elem = np.zeros(
[Nt_tot, meshFEMM[ii].cell["triangle"].nb_cell, 3])
H_elem = np.zeros(
[Nt_tot, meshFEMM[ii].cell["triangle"].nb_cell, 3])
mu_elem = np.zeros(
[Nt_tot, meshFEMM[ii].cell["triangle"].nb_cell])
B_elem[ii, :, 0:2] = tmpB
H_elem[ii, :, 0:2] = tmpH
mu_elem[ii, :] = tmpmu
# Shift to take into account stator position
roll_id = int(self.angle_stator * Na_tot / (2 * pi))
Br = roll(Br, roll_id, axis=1)
Bt = roll(Bt, roll_id, axis=1)
# Store the results
Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
symmetries={},
initial=output.mag.time[0],
final=output.mag.time[-1],
number=Nt_tot,
include_endpoint=True,
)
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
symmetries={},
initial=angle[0],
final=angle[-1],
number=Na_tot,
include_endpoint=True,
)
Br_data = DataTime(
name="Airgap radial flux density",
unit="T",
symbol="B_r",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=Br,
)
Bt_data = DataTime(
name="Airgap tangential flux density",
unit="T",
symbol="B_t",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=Bt,
)
output.mag.B = VectorField(
name="Airgap flux density",
symbol="B",
components={
"radial": Br_data,
"tangential": Bt_data
},
)
output.mag.Tem = DataTime(
name="Electromagnetic torque",
unit="Nm",
symbol="T_{em}",
axes=[Time],
values=Tem,
)
output.mag.Tem_av = mean(Tem)
self.get_logger().debug("Average Torque: " + str(output.mag.Tem_av) +
" N.m")
output.mag.Tem_rip_pp = abs(np_max(Tem) - np_min(Tem)) # [N.m]
if output.mag.Tem_av != 0:
output.mag.Tem_rip_norm = output.mag.Tem_rip_pp / output.mag.Tem_av # []
else:
output.mag.Tem_rip_norm = None
output.mag.Phi_wind_stator = Phi_wind_stator
output.mag.FEMM_dict = FEMM_dict
if self.is_get_mesh:
output.mag.meshsolution = self.build_meshsolution(
Nt_tot, meshFEMM, Time, B_elem, H_elem, mu_elem, groups)
if self.is_save_FEA:
save_path_fea = join(save_path, "MeshSolutionFEMM.h5")
output.mag.meshsolution.save(save_path_fea)
if (hasattr(output.simu.machine.stator, "winding")
and output.simu.machine.stator.winding is not None):
# Electromotive forces computation (update output)
self.comp_emf()
else:
output.mag.emf = None
if self.is_close_femm:
femm.closefemm()
def comp_axis_phase(self,
lamination,
per_a=None,
is_apera=None,
Phase_in=None):
"""Compute phase axes for given lamination
Parameters
----------
self : Input
an Input object
lamination: Lamination
a Lamination object
per_a : int
time periodicity
Phase_in: Data
Input phase axis
Returns
-------
Phase: Data
Requested phase axis
"""
Phase = None
if Phase_in is not None:
Phase = Phase_in.copy()
else:
name_phase = lamination.get_name_phase()
if len(name_phase) > 0:
if per_a is not None and is_apera is not None:
sym_dict = dict()
if is_apera:
per_a *= 2
sym_dict["antiperiod"] = per_a
elif per_a > 1:
sym_dict["period"] = per_a
# Creating the data object
Phase = DataLinspace(
name="phase",
unit="rad",
initial=0,
final=2 * pi / per_a,
number=int(len(name_phase) / per_a),
include_endpoint=False,
symmetries=sym_dict,
normalizations={"bar_id": Norm_indices()},
is_overlay=True,
# filter={"Phase": []},
)
else:
# Creating the data object
Phase = Data1D(
name="phase",
unit="rad",
values=name_phase,
is_components=True,
is_overlay=True,
filter={"Phase": []},
)
return Phase
def comp_mmf_unit(self, Na=None, Nt=None, freq=1):
"""Compute the winding Unit magnetomotive force
Parameters
----------
self : LamSlotWind
an LamSlotWind object
Na : int
Space discretization for offline computation (otherwise use out.elec.angle)
Nt : int
Time discretization for offline computation (otherwise use out.elec.time)
freq : float
Stator current frequency to consider
Returns
-------
mmf_unit : SciDataTool.Classes.DataND.DataND
Unit magnetomotive force (Na)
"""
# Check if the lamination is within an output object
is_out = check_parent(self, 3)
# Get stator winding number of phases
qs = self.winding.qs
# Get spatial symmetry
per_a, _, _, _ = self.comp_periodicity()
# Check if the result is already available and that requested size is the same as stored data
if (is_out and self.parent.parent.parent.elec.mmf_unit is not None
and Nt is not None and Na is not None):
if self.parent.parent.parent.elec.mmf_unit.values.shape == (Nt, Na):
return self.parent.parent.parent.elec.mmf_unit
# Define the space dicretization
if Na is None and is_out and self.parent.parent.parent.elec.angle is not None:
# Use Electrical module discretization
angle = self.parent.parent.parent.elec.angle
Na = angle.size
else:
angle = linspace(0, 2 * pi / per_a, Na, endpoint=False)
# Define the time dicretization
if Nt is None and is_out and self.parent.parent.parent.elec.time is not None:
# Use Electrical module discretization
time = self.parent.parent.parent.elec.time
freq = self.parent.parent.parent.elec.felec
Nt = time.size
else:
time = linspace(0, 1 / freq, Nt, endpoint=False)
# Compute the winding function and mmf
wf = self.comp_wind_function(angle=angle, per_a=per_a)
# Compute unit current function of time applying constant Id=1 Arms, Iq=0
Idq = zeros((Nt, 2))
Idq[:, 0] = ones(Nt)
I = dq2n(Idq, 2 * pi * freq * time, n=qs, is_n_rms=False)
# Compute unit mmf
mmf_u = squeeze(dot(I, wf))
# Create a Data object
Time = Data1D(name="time", unit="s", values=time)
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
symmetries={"angle": {
"period": per_a
}},
initial=0,
final=2 * pi / per_a,
number=Na,
include_endpoint=False,
)
MMF = DataTime(
name="Unit MMF",
unit="p.u.",
symbol="Magnitude",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=mmf_u,
symmetries={"angle": {
"period": per_a
}},
)
if is_out: # Store the result if the Output is available
self.parent.parent.parent.elec.mmf_unit = MMF
return MMF
def comp_BEMF_harmonics(Phi_A, Phi_B, Phi_C, delta, time):
"""
Compute the back electromotive force harmonics from magnet fluxes (PMSM)
Parameters
----------
Phi_A: Magnetic flux of phase A
Phi_B: Magnetic flux of phase B
Phi_C: Magnetic flux of phase C
delta: Rotor angular position
time: time vector
"""
# Park transformation (keep the amplitude factor=2/3)
Phi_d = (
2
/ 3
* (
Phi_A * cos(delta)
+ Phi_B * cos(delta - 2 * pi / 3)
+ Phi_C * cos(delta + 2 * pi / 3)
)
)
Phi_q = (
2
/ 3
* (
-Phi_A * sin(delta)
- Phi_B * sin(delta - 2 * pi / 3)
- Phi_C * sin(delta + 2 * pi / 3)
)
)
Phi_h = 2 / 3 * 1 / 2 * (Phi_A + Phi_B + Phi_C)
# Create time vector in form of DataLinspace
time_axis = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
initial=0,
final=time[-1],
number=len(time),
include_endpoint=True,
)
# Load Phi into DataTime
Phi_A_data = DataTime(
name="Phi_A",
symbol="Phi_A",
unit="Wb",
normalizations=None,
axes=[time_axis],
values=Phi_A,
)
Phi_B_data = DataTime(
name="Phi_B",
symbol="Phi_B",
unit="Wb",
normalizations=None,
axes=[time_axis],
values=Phi_B,
)
Phi_C_data = DataTime(
name="Phi_C",
symbol="Phi_C",
unit="Wb",
normalizations=None,
axes=[time_axis],
values=Phi_C,
)
Phi_d_data = DataTime(
name="Phi_d",
symbol="Phi_d",
unit="Wb",
normalizations=None,
axes=[time_axis],
values=Phi_d,
)
Phi_q_data = DataTime(
name="Phi_q",
symbol="Phi_q",
unit="Wb",
normalizations=None,
axes=[time_axis],
values=Phi_q,
)
Phi_h_data = DataTime(
name="Phi_h",
symbol="Phi_h",
unit="Wb",
normalizations=None,
axes=[time_axis],
values=Phi_h,
)
# Phi_q_data.plot_2D_Data("time")
# Phi_q_data.plot_2D_Data("freqs", type_plot='curve')
# plt.show()
# Calculate FFT for Phi on the dq0 frame
d = Phi_d_data.get_along("freqs")
freqs_d = d["freqs"]
complx_d = d["Phi_d"]
q = Phi_q_data.get_along("freqs")
freqs_q = q["freqs"]
complx_q = q["Phi_q"]
h = Phi_h_data.get_along("freqs")
freqs_h = h["freqs"]
complx_h = h["Phi_h"]
# Calculate back-emf (E) on dq0 frame
E_d = -2 * pi * freqs_q * complx_q + 2 * pi * freqs_d * complx_d * 1j
E_q = 2 * pi * freqs_d * complx_d + 2 * pi * freqs_q * complx_q * 1j
E_h = 2 * pi * freqs_h * complx_h * 1j
return E_d, E_q, E_h, freqs_d, freqs_q, freqs_h
def solve_FEMM(self, output, sym, FEMM_dict):
# Loading parameters for readibilitys
angle = output.mag.angle
L1 = output.simu.machine.stator.comp_length()
Nt_tot = output.mag.Nt_tot # Number of time step
Na_tot = output.mag.Na_tot # Number of angular step
save_path = self.get_path_save(output)
if (hasattr(output.simu.machine.stator, "winding")
and output.simu.machine.stator.winding is not None):
qs = output.simu.machine.stator.winding.qs # Winding phase number
Npcpp = output.simu.machine.stator.winding.Npcpp
Phi_wind_stator = zeros((Nt_tot, qs))
else:
Phi_wind_stator = None
# Create the mesh
femm.mi_createmesh()
# Initialize results matrix
Br = zeros((Nt_tot, Na_tot))
Bt = zeros((Nt_tot, Na_tot))
Tem = zeros((Nt_tot, 1))
lam_int = output.simu.machine.get_lamination(True)
lam_ext = output.simu.machine.get_lamination(False)
Rgap_mec_int = lam_int.comp_radius_mec()
Rgap_mec_ext = lam_ext.comp_radius_mec()
if self.is_get_mesh or self.is_save_FEA:
meshFEMM = [Mesh() for ii in range(Nt_tot)]
solutionFEMM = [Solution() for ii in range(Nt_tot)]
else:
meshFEMM = [Mesh()]
solutionFEMM = [Solution()]
# Compute the data for each time step
for ii in range(Nt_tot):
# Update rotor position and currents
update_FEMM_simulation(
output=output,
materials=FEMM_dict["materials"],
circuits=FEMM_dict["circuits"],
is_mmfs=self.is_mmfs,
is_mmfr=self.is_mmfr,
j_t0=ii,
is_sliding_band=self.is_sliding_band,
)
# try "previous solution" for speed up of FEMM calculation
if self.is_sliding_band:
try:
base = basename(self.get_path_save_fem(output))
ans_file = splitext(base)[0] + ".ans"
femm.mi_setprevious(ans_file, 0)
except:
pass
# Run the computation
femm.mi_analyze()
femm.mi_loadsolution()
# Get the flux result
if self.is_sliding_band:
for jj in range(Na_tot):
Br[ii, jj], Bt[ii,
jj] = femm.mo_getgapb("bc_ag2",
angle[jj] * 180 / pi)
else:
Rag = (Rgap_mec_ext + Rgap_mec_int) / 2
for jj in range(Na_tot):
B = femm.mo_getb(Rag * np.cos(angle[jj]),
Rag * np.sin(angle[jj]))
Br[ii,
jj] = B[0] * np.cos(angle[jj]) + B[1] * np.sin(angle[jj])
Bt[ii,
jj] = -B[0] * np.sin(angle[jj]) + B[1] * np.cos(angle[jj])
# Compute the torque
Tem[ii] = comp_FEMM_torque(FEMM_dict, sym=sym)
if (hasattr(output.simu.machine.stator, "winding")
and output.simu.machine.stator.winding is not None):
# Phi_wind computation
Phi_wind_stator[ii, :] = comp_FEMM_Phi_wind(
qs,
Npcpp,
is_stator=True,
Lfemm=FEMM_dict["Lfemm"],
L1=L1,
sym=sym)
# Load mesh data & solution
if self.is_get_mesh or self.is_save_FEA:
meshFEMM[ii], solutionFEMM[ii] = self.get_meshsolution(
self.is_get_mesh, self.is_save_FEA, save_path, ii)
# Shift to take into account stator position
roll_id = int(self.angle_stator * Na_tot / (2 * pi))
Br = roll(Br, roll_id, axis=1)
Bt = roll(Bt, roll_id, axis=1)
# Store the results
Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
symmetries={},
initial=output.mag.time[0],
final=output.mag.time[-1],
number=Nt_tot,
)
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
symmetries={},
initial=angle[0],
final=angle[-1],
number=Na_tot,
)
output.mag.Br = DataTime(
name="Airgap radial flux density",
unit="T",
symbol="B_r",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=Br,
)
output.mag.Bt = DataTime(
name="Airgap tangential flux density",
unit="T",
symbol="B_t",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=Bt,
)
output.mag.Tem = Tem
output.mag.Tem_av = mean(Tem)
if output.mag.Tem_av != 0:
output.mag.Tem_rip = abs(
(np_max(Tem) - np_min(Tem)) / output.mag.Tem_av)
output.mag.Phi_wind_stator = Phi_wind_stator
output.mag.FEMM_dict = FEMM_dict
if self.is_get_mesh:
cond = (not self.is_sliding_band) or (Nt_tot == 1)
output.mag.meshsolution = MeshSolution(
name="FEMM_magnetic_mesh",
mesh=meshFEMM,
solution=solutionFEMM,
is_same_mesh=cond,
)
if self.is_save_FEA:
save_path_fea = join(save_path, "MeshSolutionFEMM.json")
output.mag.meshsolution.save(save_path_fea)
if (hasattr(output.simu.machine.stator, "winding")
and output.simu.machine.stator.winding is not None):
# Electromotive forces computation (update output)
self.comp_emf()
else:
output.mag.emf = None
def gen_input(self):
"""Generate the input for the structural module (magnetic output)
Parameters
----------
self : InFlux
An InFlux object
"""
output = OutMag()
# Load and check time
if self.time is None:
raise InputError("ERROR: InFlux.time missing")
output.time = self.time.get_data()
if not isinstance(output.time, ndarray) or len(output.time.shape) != 1:
# time should be a vector
raise InputError("ERROR: InFlux.time should be a vector, " +
str(output.time.shape) + " shape found")
Nt_tot = len(output.time)
# Load and check angle
if self.angle is None:
raise InputError("ERROR: InFlux.angle missing")
output.angle = self.angle.get_data()
if not isinstance(output.angle, ndarray) or len(output.angle.shape) != 1:
# angle should be a vector
raise InputError("ERROR: InFlux.angle should be a vector, " +
str(output.angle.shape) + " shape found")
Na_tot = len(output.angle)
if self.Br is None:
raise InputError("ERROR: InFlux.Br missing")
Br = self.Br.get_data()
Time = DataLinspace(
name="time",
unit="s",
symmetries={},
initial=output.time[0],
final=output.time[-1],
number=Nt_tot,
)
Angle = DataLinspace(
name="angle",
unit="rad",
symmetries={},
initial=output.angle[0],
final=output.angle[-1],
number=Na_tot,
)
output.Br = DataTime(
name="Airgap radial flux density",
unit="T",
symbol="B_r",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=Br,
)
if not isinstance(output.Br, DataND) or Br.shape != (Nt_tot, Na_tot):
raise InputError("ERROR: InFlux.Br must be a matrix with the shape " +
str((Nt_tot, Na_tot)) +
" (len(time), stator phase number), " +
str(Br.shape) + " returned")
if self.Bt is not None:
Bt = self.Bt.get_data()
output.Bt = DataTime(
name="Airgap tangential flux density",
unit="T",
symbol="B_t",
axes=[Time, Angle],
values=Bt,
)
if not isinstance(output.Bt, DataND) or Bt.shape != (Nt_tot, Na_tot):
raise InputError(
"ERROR: InFlux.Bt must be a matrix with the shape " +
str((Nt_tot, Na_tot)) + " (len(time), rotor phase number), " +
str(Bt.shape) + " returned")
else:
output.Bt = None
if self.parent.parent is None:
raise InputError(
"ERROR: The Simulation object must be in an Output object to run")
# Save the Output in the correct place
self.parent.parent.mag = output