def test_mlt_convert_change(self):
"""Test that MLT changes with UT"""
self.mlt_out = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(self.mlon_list, self.dtime)
self.mlt_diff = self.mlt_out - aacgmv2.convert_mlt(self.mlon_list,
self.dtime2)
np.testing.assert_allclose(self.mlt_diff, self.diff_comp, rtol=1.0e-4)
def to_AACGM(self, append_mlt=False, **kwargs):
import aacgmv2 as aacgm
from geospacelab.cs._aacgm import AACGM
method_code = 'G2A'
ut_type = type(self.ut)
if ut_type is list:
uts = np.array(self.ut)
elif ut_type is np.ndarray:
uts = self.ut
lat_shape = self.coords.lat.shape
lon_shape = self.coords.lon.shape
if issubclass(self.ut.__class__, datetime.datetime):
lat, lon, r = aacgm.convert_latlon_arr(
in_lat=self.coords.lat.flatten(),
in_lon=self.coords.lon.flatten(),
height=self.coords.height.flatten(),
dtime=self.ut,
method_code=method_code)
else:
if uts.shape[0] != self.coords.lat.shape[0]:
mylog.StreamLogger.error(
"Datetimes must have the same length as cs!")
return
lat = np.empty_like(self.coords.lat)
lon = np.empty_like(self.coords.lon)
r = np.empty_like(self.coords.lat)
for ind_dt, dt in enumerate(uts.flatten()):
# print(ind_dt, dt, cs.lat[ind_dt, 0])
lat[ind_dt], lon[ind_dt], r[ind_dt] = aacgm.convert_latlon_arr(
in_lat=self.coords.lat[ind_dt],
in_lon=self.coords.lon[ind_dt],
height=self.coords.height[ind_dt],
dtime=dt,
method_code=method_code)
cs_new = AACGM(coords={
'lat': lat.reshape(lat_shape),
'lon': lon.reshape(lon_shape),
'r': r.reshape(lat_shape),
'r_unit': 'R_E'
},
ut=self.ut)
if append_mlt:
lon = lon.flatten()
if issubclass(self.ut.__class__, datetime.datetime):
mlt = aacgm.convert_mlt(lon, self.ut)
else:
lon = cs_new['lon']
mlt = np.empty_like(lon)
for ind_dt, dt in enumerate(self.ut.flatten()):
mlt[ind_dt] = aacgm.convert_mlt(lon[ind_dt], dt)
cs_new['mlt'] = mlt.reshape(lon_shape)
return cs_new
def f4():
plt.figure(figsize=(6.88,6.74))
#geographic coordinates
ax1, projection1 = gcc.create_map(
2, 2, 1, 'pol', 90, 50, 0, coastlines=False,useLT=True,
dlat=10, lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
ax1.plot([45,45],[50,90], 'k--',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.plot([225,225],[50,90], 'k--',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.plot([105,105],[50,90], 'k--',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.plot([285,285],[50,90], 'k--',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.scatter(
0, 90, color='r', transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(), zorder=10,
label='North Pole')
ax1.text(0,1,'(a)', transform = plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.legend(loc=[0.5,1.1])
ax2, projection2 = gcc.create_map(
2, 2, 2, 'pol', -50, -90, 0, coastlines=False,useLT=True,
dlat=10, lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
ax2.scatter(
0, -90, color='b', transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(),label='South Pole')
ax2.text(0,1,'(b)', transform = plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.legend(loc=[-0.1,1.1])
#geomagnetic coordinates
ax3, projection3 = gcc.create_map(
2, 2, 3, 'pol', 90, 50, 0, coastlines=False,useLT=True,
dlat=10, lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
mlatn,mlonn = convert(90,0,0,date=dt.date(2002,3,21))
for k in range(24):
mltn = convert_mlt(mlonn[0],dtime=dt.datetime(2003,3,21,k))
ax3.scatter(mltn*15,mlatn[0],color='r',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax3.scatter(180,75,s=50,c='k',marker='x',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax3.text(0,1,'(c)', transform = plt.gca().transAxes)
ax4, projection4 = gcc.create_map(
2, 2, 4, 'pol', -50, -90, 0, coastlines=False,useLT=True,
dlat=10, lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
mlats,mlons = convert(-90,0,0,date=dt.date(2002,3,21))
for k in range(24):
mlts = convert_mlt(mlons[0],dtime=dt.datetime(2003,3,21,k))
ax4.scatter(mlts*15,mlats[0],color='b',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax4.scatter(180,-75,s=50,c='k',marker='x',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax4.text(0,1,'(d)', transform = plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.savefig(
'/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/Figures/'
'000_Pole_Feature.pdf')
return
def plot_heppner_maynard_boundary(cls,
mlats: list,
mlons: list,
date: object,
line_color: str = 'black',
**kwargs):
# TODO: No evaluation of coordinate system made! May need if in
# plotting to plot in radians/geo ect.
"""
Plots the position of the Heppner-Maynard Boundary
Parameters
----------
ax: object
matplotlib axis object
mlats: List[float]
Magnetic Latitude in degrees
mlons: List[float]
Magnetic Longitude in radians
date: datetime object
Date from record
line_color: str
Color of the Heppner-Maynard boundary
Default: black
"""
# Shift mlon to MLT
shifted_mlts = mlons[0] - \
(aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mlons[0], date) * 15)
shifted_lons = mlons - shifted_mlts
mlon = np.radians(shifted_lons)
plt.plot(mlon, mlats, c=line_color, zorder=4.0, **kwargs)
def test_mlt_convert_list_w_times(self):
"""Test MLT calculation for data and time arrays"""
self.dtime = [self.dtime for dd in self.mlon_list]
self.mlt_out = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(self.mlon_list,
self.dtime,
m2a=False)
np.testing.assert_allclose(self.mlt_out, self.mlt_comp, rtol=1.0e-4)
def test_mlt_convert_single(self):
"""Test MLT calculation for a single value"""
for i, mlon in enumerate(self.mlon_list):
self.mlt_out = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mlon, self.dtime, m2a=False)
np.testing.assert_almost_equal(self.mlt_out,
self.mlt_comp[i],
decimal=4)
def test_inv_convert_mlt_arr(self):
"""Test MLT inversion for an array"""
self.mlon_out = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(np.array(self.mlt_list),
self.dtime,
m2a=True)
np.testing.assert_allclose(self.mlon_out, self.mlon_comp, rtol=1.0e-4)
def test_inv_convert_mlt_single(self):
"""Test MLT inversion for a single value"""
for i, mlt in enumerate(self.mlt_list):
self.mlon_out = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mlt, self.dtime, m2a=True)
np.testing.assert_almost_equal(self.mlon_out,
self.mlon_comp[i],
decimal=4)
def get_flux_geo(dt):
atypes = ['diff', 'mono', 'wave']
jtype = 'electron energy flux'
fluxgrid = None
# Iterate over types
for atype in atypes:
print("Generating fluxes for {} type aurora".format(atype), end="\r")
# create estimator
estimator = ovation_prime.FluxEstimator(atype, jtype)
mlatgrid, mltgrid, fg = estimator.get_flux_for_time(dt)
# Create fluxgrid in the first iteration
if fluxgrid is None:
fluxgrid = np.zeros(fg.shape)
# Add to flux
fluxgrid += fg
print("Converting to GEO coordinates", end="\r")
# Convert mag local time to magnetic longitude
mlongrid = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mltgrid, dt, m2a=True)
# Convert CGM to GEO
# altitude of aurora ~ 300 km
aur_z = 300
lat_grid, lon_grid, r_grid = aacgmv2.convert_latlon_arr(
mlatgrid,
mlongrid, #inputs
aur_z,
dt,
u'A2G') # aurora height, datetime, and conversion mode
return lat_grid, lon_grid, fluxgrid
def convert2MLT(lons: float, date: object, **kwargs):
fan_shape = lons.shape
# Work out shift due in MLT
beam_corners_mlts = np.zeros((fan_shape[0], fan_shape[1]))
mltshift = lons[0, 0] - (aacgmv2.convert_mlt(lons[0, 0], date) * 15)
beam_corners_mlts = lons - mltshift
return beam_corners_mlts
def add_mlt_to_df(cell_corners_aacgm_lons, cell_corners_aacgm_lats, df):
"""
Add magnetic local time ('mlt'), aacgm longitude ('lon'), and aacgm latitude ('lat') columns to a dataframe
The first date is used to compute the mlt shift, this shift is then applied to the whole dataframe.
While less accurate, this approach is much faster than computing mlt for each df row independently.
:param cell_corners_aacgm_lons: 2d numpy.ndarray: Longitudes of the cell corners in aacgm units
:param cell_corners_aacgm_lats: 2d numpy.ndarray: Latitudes of the cell corners in aacgm units
:param df: pandas.DataFrame: The dataframe to which you want to add mlt
:return: pandas.DataFrame: The input dataframe, except now with 'mlt', 'lon', and 'lat' columns
"""
if len(df) <= 0:
df['lon'], df['lat'], df['mlt'] = [], [], []
return df
fan_shape = cell_corners_aacgm_lons.shape
# Compute cell centroids
cell_centers_aacgm_lons = np.zeros(shape=(fan_shape[0], fan_shape[1]))
cell_centers_aacgm_lats = np.zeros(shape=(fan_shape[0], fan_shape[1]))
for gate_corner in range(fan_shape[0] - 1):
for beam_corner in range(fan_shape[1] - 1):
cent_lon, cent_lat = centroid([
(cell_corners_aacgm_lons[gate_corner, beam_corner],
cell_corners_aacgm_lats[gate_corner, beam_corner]),
(cell_corners_aacgm_lons[gate_corner + 1, beam_corner],
cell_corners_aacgm_lats[gate_corner + 1, beam_corner]),
(cell_corners_aacgm_lons[gate_corner, beam_corner + 1],
cell_corners_aacgm_lats[gate_corner, beam_corner + 1]),
(cell_corners_aacgm_lons[gate_corner + 1, beam_corner + 1],
cell_corners_aacgm_lats[gate_corner + 1, beam_corner + 1])
])
cell_centers_aacgm_lons[gate_corner, beam_corner] = cent_lon
cell_centers_aacgm_lats[gate_corner, beam_corner] = cent_lat
aacgm_lons = []
aacgm_lats = []
dates = []
# Loop through the dataframe, and build up aacgm_lons and dates
for i in range(len(df)):
gate = df['slist'][i]
beam = df['bmnum'][i]
date = df['datetime'][i]
aacgm_lons.append(cell_centers_aacgm_lons[gate, beam])
aacgm_lats.append(cell_centers_aacgm_lats[gate, beam])
dates.append(date)
df['lon'] = aacgm_lons
df['lat'] = aacgm_lats
df['mlt'] = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(arr=aacgm_lons, dtime=dates, m2a=False)
return df
def calc_mlon_slow(df):
# given the est bnd df, time get MLT from MLON
#df["mlon"] = df.apply(lambda x: np.round( aacgmv2.convert_mlt(x["mag_gltc"],
# x["datetime"], m2a=True), 1), axis=1)
mlon = df.apply(lambda x: np.round(
aacgmv2.convert_mlt(x["mag_gltc"], x["datetime"], m2a=True), 1),
axis=1)
return mlon
def plot_radar_label(cls,
stid: int,
date: dt.datetime,
coords: Coords = Coords.AACGM_MLT,
projs: Projs = Projs.POLAR,
line_color: str = 'black',
transform: object = None,
**kwargs):
"""
plots only string at the position of a given radar station ID (stid)
Parameters
-----------
stid: int
Radar station ID
date: datetime datetime object
sets the datetime used to find the coordinates of the
FOV
line_color: str
color of the text
default: black
Returns
-------
No variables returned
"""
# Label text
label_str = ' ' + SuperDARNRadars.radars[stid]\
.hardware_info.abbrev.upper()
# Get location of radar
lat = SuperDARNRadars.radars[stid].hardware_info.geographic.lat
lon = SuperDARNRadars.radars[stid].hardware_info.geographic.lon
# Convert to geomag coords
if coords == Coords.AACGM_MLT or coords == Coords.AACGM:
geomag_radar = aacgmv2.get_aacgm_coord(lat, lon, 250, date)
lat = geomag_radar[0]
lon = geomag_radar[1]
if coords == Coords.AACGM_MLT:
mltshift = geomag_radar[1] -\
(aacgmv2.convert_mlt(geomag_radar[1], date) * 15)
lon = geomag_radar[1] - mltshift
if projs == Projs.POLAR:
lon = np.radians(lon)
theta_text = lon
# Shift in latitude (dependent on hemisphere)
if SuperDARNRadars.radars[stid].hemisphere == Hemisphere.North:
r_text = lat - 5
else:
r_text = lat + 5
plt.text(theta_text,
r_text,
label_str,
ha='center',
transform=transform,
c=line_color)
return
def test_mlt_convert_mlon_wrapping(self):
"""Test mlon wrapping"""
self.mlt_out = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(np.array([270, -90, 1, 361]),
self.dtime, m2a=False)
np.testing.assert_almost_equal(self.mlt_out[0], self.mlt_out[1],
decimal=6)
np.testing.assert_almost_equal(self.mlt_out[2], self.mlt_out[3],
decimal=6)
def test_inv_convert_mlt_wrapping(self):
"""Test MLT wrapping"""
self.mlon_out = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(np.array([1, 25, -1, 23]),
self.dtime, m2a=True)
np.testing.assert_almost_equal(self.mlon_out[0], self.mlon_out[1],
decimal=6)
np.testing.assert_almost_equal(self.mlon_out[2], self.mlon_out[3],
decimal=6)
def convert_cdmag_gsm(row, frm="CDMAG", to="GSM"):
"""
All the data in CDMAG from the web database
are converted GSM coordinates
"""
a = [row["CDMAG_R"], row["CDMAG_MLAT"], row["CDMAG_MLON"]]
x = magcoords.coordTrans(a, row["epoch"], frm, to)
row["R"], row["MLAT"], row["MLON"] = x[0], x[1], x[2]
row["MLT"] = aacgmv2.convert_mlt([x[2]], row["epoch"], m2a=False)[0]
return row
def solar_conductance(self, dt, mlats, mlts, return_f107=False):
"""
Estimate the solar conductance using methods from:
Cousins, E. D. P., T. Matsuo, and A. D. Richmond (2015), Mapping
high-latitude ionospheric electrodynamics with SuperDARN and AMPERE
--which cites--
Asgeir Brekke, Joran Moen, Observations of high latitude ionospheric conductances
Maybe is not good for SZA for southern hemisphere? Don't know
Going to use absolute value of latitude because that's what's done
in Cousins IDL code.
"""
# Find the closest hourly f107 value
# to the current time to specifiy the conductance
f107 = ovation_utilities.get_daily_f107(dt)
if hasattr(self, '_f107'):
log.warning(
('Warning: Overriding real F107 {0}'.format(f107) +
'with secret instance property _f107 {0}'.format(self._f107) +
'this is for debugging and will not' +
'produce accurate results for a particular date.'))
f107 = self._f107
# print "F10.7 = %f" % (f107)
# Convert from magnetic to geocentric using the AACGMv2 python library
flatmlats, flatmlts = mlats.flatten(), mlts.flatten()
flatmlons = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(flatmlts, dt, m2a=True)
try:
glats, glons = aacgmv2.convert(flatmlats,
flatmlons,
110. * np.ones_like(flatmlats),
date=dt,
a2g=True,
geocentric=False)
except AttributeError:
# convert method was deprecated
glats, glons, r = aacgmv2.convert_latlon_arr(flatmlats,
flatmlons,
110.,
dt,
method_code='A2G')
sigp, sigh = brekke_moen_solar_conductance(dt, glats, glons, f107)
sigp_unflat = sigp.reshape(mlats.shape)
sigh_unflat = sigh.reshape(mlats.shape)
if return_f107:
return sigp_unflat, sigh_unflat, f107
else:
return sigp_unflat, sigh_unflat
def calc_mlon(df):
# given the est bnd df, time get MLT from MLON
groups = df.groupby("datetime")
mlon = np.zeros(df.shape[0])
mlon.fill(np.nan)
sidx = 0
for name, g in groups:
eidx = sidx + g.shape[0]
mlon[sidx:eidx] = np.round(
aacgmv2.convert_mlt(g["mag_gltc"].values,
pd.to_datetime(name),
m2a=True), 1)
sidx = eidx
return mlon
def fitted_vecs(coeffs, mlat, mlon, dtime, minlat=50):
ut = (dtime - dtime.replace(hour=0, minute=0, second=0,
microsecond=0)).total_seconds()
rotated_coeffs = sdarn_rotate_coeffs(coeffs, ut)
mlts = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mlon, dtime)
azimuths = []
magnitudes = []
for i in range(len(mlon)):
azi, mag = sdarn_get_fitted(rotated_coeffs, minlat, mlat[i], mlts[i])
azimuths.append(azi)
magnitudes.append(mag)
return azimuths, magnitudes
def convert_geo_to_aacgm(self):
# aalat,aalon, aar = \
# aacgm.wrapper.convert_latlon_arr(lat, lon, alt, dt, code='G2A')
lat_in = self.variables['SC_GEO_LAT']
lon_in = self.variables['SC_GEO_LON']
alt_in = self.variables['SC_GEO_ALT']
date0 = self.dates[0]
dts = self.variables['SC_DATETIME']
aalat, aalon, aar = \
aacgmv2.convert_latlon_arr(lat_in.flatten(), lon_in.flatten(), alt_in.flatten(), date0, code='G2A')
mlt = []
arr = aalon.flatten()
for ind, dt in enumerate(dts.flatten()):
mlt.append(aacgmv2.convert_mlt(arr[ind], dt, m2a=False))
datashape = dts.shape
self.variables['SC_AACGM_LAT'] = aalat.reshape(datashape)
self.variables['SC_AACGM_LON'] = aalon.reshape(datashape)
self.variables['SC_AACGM_R'] = aar.reshape(datashape)
self.variables['SC_AACGM_MLT'] = np.array(mlt).reshape(datashape)
def sdarn_get_fitted_AACGM(coeffs, hmb_lat, mag_lat, mag_lon, ut, dtime):
"""
Calculate fitted vectors azimuth and magnitude using AACGMv2 MLT values
"""
# get MLT
mag_LT = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mag_lon, dtime)[0]
# convert coeffs to MLT
new_coeffs = sdarn_rotate_coeffs(coeffs, ut)
# get meridional and zonal plasma drift velocity components
vmeri, vzone = sdarn_get_vel(new_coeffs, hmb_lat, mag_lat, mag_LT)
# Fitted azimuth and magnitude
fitv_azi = np.degrees(np.arctan2(vzone, vmeri))
fitv_mag = np.sqrt(vzone**2 + vmeri**2)
return fitv_azi, fitv_mag
def plot_radar_position(cls,
stid: int,
date: dt.datetime,
transform: object = None,
coords: Coords = Coords.AACGM_MLT,
projs: Projs = Projs.POLAR,
line_color: str = 'black',
**kwargs):
"""
plots only a dot at the position of a given radar station ID (stid)
Parameters
-----------
stid: int
Radar station ID
date: datetime datetime object
sets the datetime used to find the coordinates of the
FOV
line_color: str
color of the dot
default: black
Returns
-------
No variables returned
"""
# Get location of radar
lat = SuperDARNRadars.radars[stid].hardware_info.geographic.lat
lon = SuperDARNRadars.radars[stid].hardware_info.geographic.lon
# Convert to geomag coords
if coords == Coords.AACGM_MLT or coords == Coords.AACGM:
geomag_radar = aacgmv2.get_aacgm_coord(lat, lon, 250, date)
lat = geomag_radar[0]
lon = geomag_radar[1]
if coords == Coords.AACGM_MLT:
mltshift = geomag_radar[1] -\
(aacgmv2.convert_mlt(geomag_radar[1], date) * 15)
lon = geomag_radar[1] - mltshift
if projs == Projs.POLAR:
lon = np.radians(lon)
# Plot a dot at the radar site
plt.scatter(lon, lat, c=line_color, s=5, transform=transform)
return
def make_aurora_cube_multi(ts,ec,k):
'''
make the aurora flux image cuves
multiprocessing version
- ts is a single datetime object into this function
- ec the averaged Newell coupling inout
- k the counter for the frames
for debugging making one frame use: >> make_aurora_cube_multi(tsm[0],ecm[0],0)
'''
print('Frame number and time:', k, ' ',ts)
################# (2a) get fluxes
mlatN, mltN, fluxNd=de.get_flux_for_time(ts,ec)
mlatN, mltN, fluxNm=me.get_flux_for_time(ts,ec)
fluxN=fluxNd+fluxNm #+fluxNw
#print(ts), print(ec), print(k), print('....')
################ (2b) coordinate conversion magnetic to geographic
#Coordinate conversion MLT to AACGM mlon/lat to geographic coordinates
mlonN_1D_small=aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mltN[0],ts,m2a=True)
mlonN_1D=np.tile(mlonN_1D_small,mlatN.shape[0])
mlatN_1D=np.squeeze(mlatN.reshape(np.size(mltN),1))
(glatN_1D, glonN_1D, galtN) = aacgmv2.convert_latlon_arr(mlatN_1D,mlonN_1D, 100,ts, method_code="A2G") #**check 100 km
############## (2c) interpolate to world map
geo_2D=np.vstack((glatN_1D,glonN_1D)).T #stack 2 (7680,) arrays to a single 7680,2 arrays, .T is needed
fluxN_1D=fluxN.reshape(7680,1) #also change flux values to 1D array
#make a world map grid in latitude 512 pixels, longitude 1024 pixel like NOAA
wx,wy= np.mgrid[-90:90:180/512,-180:180:360/1024]
aimg= np.squeeze(scipy.interpolate.griddata(geo_2D, fluxN_1D, (wx, wy), method='linear',fill_value=0))
aimg = scipy.ndimage.gaussian_filter(aimg,sigma=(5,7),mode='wrap') #wrap means wrapping at the 180 degree edge
#Array variable to be used by all processes
ovation_img_multi[512*1024*k:512*1024*(k+1)]=aimg.reshape(512*1024)
def main():
"""Entry point for the script"""
desc = 'Converts between geographical coordinates, AACGM-v2, and MLT'
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=desc)
desc = 'for help, run %(prog)s SUBCOMMAND -h'
subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(title='Subcommands',
prog='aacgmv2',
dest='subcommand',
description=desc)
subparsers.required = True
desc = 'convert to/from geomagnetic coordinates. Input file must have lines'
desc += 'of the form "LAT LON ALT".'
parser_convert = subparsers.add_parser('convert', help=(desc))
desc = 'convert between magnetic local time (MLT) and AACGM-v2 longitude. '
desc += 'Input file must have a single number on each line.'
parser_convert_mlt = subparsers.add_parser('convert_mlt', help=(desc))
desc = 'input file (stdin if none specified)'
for pp in [parser_convert, parser_convert_mlt]:
pp.add_argument('-i',
'--input',
dest='file_in',
metavar='FILE_IN',
type=argparse.FileType('r'),
default=STDIN,
help=desc)
pp.add_argument('-o',
'--output',
dest='file_out',
metavar='FILE_OUT',
type=argparse.FileType('wb'),
default=STDOUT,
help='output file (stdout if none specified)')
desc = 'date for magnetic field model (1900-2020, default: today)'
parser_convert.add_argument('-d',
'--date',
dest='date',
metavar='YYYYMMDD',
help=desc)
desc = 'invert - convert AACGM to geographic instead of geographic to AACGM'
parser_convert.add_argument('-v',
'--a2g',
dest='a2g',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help=desc)
desc = 'use field-line tracing instead of coefficients'
parser_convert.add_argument('-t',
'--trace',
dest='trace',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help=desc)
desc = 'automatically use field-line tracing above 2000 km'
parser_convert.add_argument('-a',
'--allowtrace',
dest='allowtrace',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help=desc)
desc = 'allow use of coefficients above 2000 km (bad idea!)'
parser_convert.add_argument('-b',
'--badidea',
dest='badidea',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help=desc)
desc = 'assume inputs are geocentric with Earth radius 6371.2 km'
parser_convert.add_argument('-g',
'--geocentric',
dest='geocentric',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help=desc)
parser_convert_mlt.add_argument('datetime',
metavar='YYYYMMDDHHMMSS',
help='date and time for conversion')
desc = 'invert - convert MLT to AACGM longitude instead of AACGM longitude'
desc += ' to MLT'
parser_convert_mlt.add_argument('-v',
'--m2a',
dest='m2a',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help=desc)
args = parser.parse_args()
array = np.loadtxt(args.file_in, ndmin=2)
if args.subcommand == 'convert':
date = dt.date.today() if args.date is None else \
dt.datetime.strptime(args.date, '%Y%m%d')
code = aacgmv2.convert_bool_to_bit(a2g=args.a2g,
trace=args.trace,
allowtrace=args.allowtrace,
badidea=args.badidea,
geocentric=args.geocentric)
lats, lons, alts = aacgmv2.convert_latlon_arr(array[:, 0],
array[:, 1],
array[:, 2],
dtime=date,
method_code=code)
np.savetxt(args.file_out,
np.column_stack((lats, lons, alts)),
fmt='%.8f')
elif args.subcommand == 'convert_mlt':
dtime = dt.datetime.strptime(args.datetime, '%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
out = np.array(aacgmv2.convert_mlt(array[:, 0], dtime, m2a=args.m2a))
if len(out.shape) == 0:
out = np.array([out])
np.savetxt(args.file_out, out, fmt='%.8f')
def test_MLT_a2m():
mlt = aacgmv2.convert_mlt([1, 12, 23], dt.datetime(2015, 2, 24, 14, 0, 15))
np.testing.assert_allclose(mlt, [9.057565, 9.790899, 10.524232], rtol=1e-6)
def plot_grid(cls,
dmap_data: List[dict],
record: int = 0,
start_time: dt.datetime = None,
time_delta: int = 1,
ax=None,
parameter: str = 'vel',
cmap: str = None,
zmin: int = None,
zmax: int = None,
colorbar: bool = True,
colorbar_label: str = '',
title: str = '',
len_factor: float = 150.0,
ref_vector: int = 300,
**kwargs):
"""
Plots a radar's gridded vectors from a GRID file
Parameters
-----------
dmap_data: List[dict]
Named list of dictionaries obtained from SDarn_read
record: int
record number to plot
default: 0
start_time: datetime.datetime
datetime object as the start time of the record to plot
if none then record will be used
default: none
time_delta: int
How close the start_time has to be start_time of the record
in minutes
default: 1
ax: matplotlib.pyplot axis
Pre-defined axis object to pass in, must currently
be polar projection
Default: Generates a polar projection for the user
with MLT/latitude labels
parameter: str
Key name indicating which parameter to plot.
Default: vel (Velocity). Alternatives: 'pwr', 'wdt'
cmap: matplotlib.cm
matplotlib colour map
https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/colors/colormaps.html
Default: Official pyDARN colour map for given parameter
zmin: int
The minimum parameter value for coloring
Default: {'pwr': [0], 'vel': [0], 'wdt': [0]}
zmax: int
The maximum parameter value for coloring
Default: {'pwr': [50], 'vel': [1000], 'wdt': [250]}
colorbar: bool
Draw a colourbar if True
Default: True
colorbar_label: str
The label that appears next to the colour bar.
Requires colorbar to be true
Default: ''
title: str
Adds a title to the plot. If no title is specified,
one will be provided
Default: ''
len_factor: float
Normalisation factor for the vectors, to control size on plot
Larger number means smaller vectors on plot
Default: 150.0
ref_vector: int
Velocity value to be used for the reference vector, in m/s
Default: 300
kwargs: key=value
uses the parameters for plot_fov and projections.axis
See Also
--------
plot_fov - plots the field of view found in fan.py
Returns
-----------
If parameter is 'vel':
thetas - List of gridded data point magnetic local times (degrees)
end_thetas - List of magnetic local time end points used for vector
plotting (degrees)
rs - List of gridded data point radius' (AACGM latitude)
end_rs - List of radius end points for vector plotting (AACGM latitude)
data - List of magnitudes of line-of-sight velocity
azm_v - List of azimuths of line-of-sight velocity
else:
thetas - List of gridded data point magnetic local times (degrees)
rs - List of gridded data point radius' (AACGM latitude)
data - List of data magnitudes plotted, for parameter chosen
"""
# Short hand for the parameters in GRID files
if parameter == 'vel' or parameter == 'pwr' or parameter == 'wdt':
parameter = "vector.{param}.median".format(param=parameter)
# Find the record corresponding to the start time
if start_time is not None:
for record in range(len(dmap_data)):
date = dt.datetime(dmap_data[record]['start.year'],
dmap_data[record]['start.month'],
dmap_data[record]['start.day'],
dmap_data[record]['start.hour'],
dmap_data[record]['start.minute'])
time_diff = date - start_time
if time_diff.seconds / 60 <= time_delta:
break
if time_diff.seconds / 60 > time_delta:
raise plot_exceptions.NoDataFoundError(parameter,
start_time=start_time)
else:
record = 0
date = dt.datetime(dmap_data[record]['start.year'],
dmap_data[record]['start.month'],
dmap_data[record]['start.day'],
dmap_data[record]['start.hour'],
dmap_data[record]['start.minute'])
with warnings.catch_warnings():
warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
for stid in dmap_data[record]['stid']:
_, aacgm_lons, ax, _ =\
Fan.plot_fov(stid, date,
ax=ax, **kwargs)
try:
data_lons = dmap_data[record]['vector.mlon']
data_lats = dmap_data[record]['vector.mlat']
except KeyError:
raise plot_exceptions.PartialRecordsError('vector.mlon')
# Hold the beam positions
shifted_mlts = aacgm_lons[0, 0] - \
(aacgmv2.convert_mlt(aacgm_lons[0, 0], date) * 15)
shifted_lons = data_lons - shifted_mlts
thetas = np.radians(shifted_lons)
rs = data_lats
# Colour table and max value selection depending on
# parameter plotted Load defaults if none given
if cmap is None:
cmap = {
'vector.pwr.median': 'plasma',
'vector.vel.median': 'plasma_r',
'vector.wdt.median': PyDARNColormaps.PYDARN_VIRIDIS
}
cmap = plt.cm.get_cmap(cmap[parameter])
# Setting zmin and zmax
defaultzminmax = {
'vector.pwr.median': [0, 50],
'vector.vel.median': [0, 1000],
'vector.wdt.median': [0, 250]
}
if zmin is None:
zmin = defaultzminmax[parameter][0]
if zmax is None:
zmax = defaultzminmax[parameter][1]
norm = colors.Normalize
norm = norm(zmin, zmax)
# check to make sure the parameter is present in the file
# this may not be the case for wdt and pwr as you need -xtd
# option in make_grid
try:
data = dmap_data[record][parameter]
except KeyError:
raise plot_exceptions.UnknownParameterError(parameter,
grid=True)
# Plot the magnitude of the parameter
ax.scatter(thetas,
rs,
c=data,
s=2.0,
vmin=zmin,
vmax=zmax,
zorder=5,
cmap=cmap)
# If the parameter is velocity then plot the LOS vectors
if parameter == "vector.vel.median":
# Get the azimuths from the data
azm_v = dmap_data[record]['vector.kvect']
# Number of data points
num_pts = range(len(data))
# Angle to "rotate" each vector by to get into same
# reference frame Controlled by longitude, or "mltitude"
alpha = thetas
# Convert initial positions to Cartesian
start_pos_x = (90 - rs) * np.cos(thetas)
start_pos_y = (90 - rs) * np.sin(thetas)
# Resolve LOS vector in x and y directions,
# with respect to mag pole
# Gives zonal and meridional components of LOS vector
los_x = -data * np.cos(np.radians(-azm_v))
los_y = -data * np.sin(np.radians(-azm_v))
# Rotate each vector into same reference frame
# following vector rotation matrix
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix
vec_x = (los_x * np.cos(alpha)) - (los_y * np.sin(alpha))
vec_y = (los_x * np.sin(alpha)) + (los_y * np.cos(alpha))
# New vector end points, in Cartesian
end_pos_x = start_pos_x + (vec_x / len_factor)
end_pos_y = start_pos_y + (vec_y / len_factor)
# Convert back to polar for plotting
end_rs = 90 - (np.sqrt(end_pos_x**2 + end_pos_y**2))
end_thetas = np.arctan2(end_pos_y, end_pos_x)
# Plot the vectors
for i in num_pts:
plt.plot([thetas[i], end_thetas[i]],
[rs[i], end_rs[i]],
c=cmap(norm(data[i])),
linewidth=0.5)
# TODO: Add a velocity reference vector
if colorbar is True:
mappable = cm.ScalarMappable(norm=norm, cmap=cmap)
locator = ticker.MaxNLocator(symmetric=True,
min_n_ticks=3,
integer=True,
nbins='auto')
ticks = locator.tick_values(vmin=zmin, vmax=zmax)
cb = ax.figure.colorbar(mappable,
ax=ax,
extend='both',
ticks=ticks)
if colorbar_label != '':
cb.set_label(colorbar_label)
if title == '':
title = "{year}-{month}-{day} {start_hour}:{start_minute} -"\
" {end_hour}:{end_minute}"\
"".format(year=date.year,
month=str(date.month).zfill(2),
day=str(date.day).zfill(2),
start_hour=str(date.hour).zfill(2),
start_minute=str(date.minute).zfill(2),
end_hour=str(dmap_data[record]['end.hour']).
zfill(2),
end_minute=str(dmap_data[record]['end.minute']).
zfill(2))
plt.title(title)
if parameter == 'vector.vel.median':
return thetas, end_thetas, rs, end_rs, data, azm_v
return thetas, rs, data
def test_MLT_forward_backward():
mlon = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(12, dtObj, m2a=True)
mlt = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mlon, dtObj)
np.testing.assert_allclose(mlt, 12)
# print cDtStr
# dateStrArr.append(cDtStr)
fName = fitDir + "bnd-coeffs" + yr + "-" +\
mt + "-" + dt + ".txt"
coeffDF = pandas.read_csv(fName, delim_whitespace=True,\
header=None, names=coeffCols,\
infer_datetime_format=True,\
parse_dates=["trghPredTime"])
# need to estimate location of trough between the MLT range where
# we could calculate trough bnds. Get that range first!!!
currBndDF = finBndDF[finBndDF["date"] == gd]
# print currBndDF["mlon"].values
# nMlonStart = numpy.min( currBndDF["mlon"].values )
# nMlonEnd = numpy.max( currBndDF["mlon"].values )
for cMlon in currBndDF["mlon"].values:
cpMlt = round( convert_mlt( cMlon,\
ts , m2a=False ) )
if cpMlt >= 12:
nMlt = cpMlt - 24.
else:
nMlt = cpMlt
selCoeffDF = coeffDF[coeffDF["trghPredTime"] == ts]
selBndDF = currBndDF[currBndDF["mlon"] == cMlon]
minTrghParams = selCoeffDF[ [ "a0MinTrgh", "c1MinTrgh",\
"s1MinTrgh", "phiC1MinTrgh",\
"phiS1MinTrgh" ] ].values[0]
eqBndParams = selCoeffDF[ [ "a0EquBnd", "c1EquBnd",\
"s1EquBnd", "phiC1EquBnd",\
"phiS1EquBnd" ] ].values[0]
polBndParams = selCoeffDF[ [ "a0PolBnd", "c1PolBnd",\
"s1PolBnd", "phiC1PolBnd",\
"phiS1PolBnd" ] ].values[0]
def save_to_nc(self, file_path):
if not file_path.is_file():
raise FileExistsError
with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
text = f.read()
# results = re.findall(
# r'^\s*(\d+)\s*\[(\d+),(\d+)]\s*([-\d.]+)\s*' +
# r'([-\d.]+)\s*([-\d.]+)\s*([-\d.]+)\s*([-\d.]+)\s*([-\d.]+)\s*([-\d.]+)\s*' +
# r'([\S]+)',
# text,
# re.M
# )
results = re.findall(
r'^\s*(\d+)\s*\[(\d+),(\d+)]\s*([\S]+)\s*([\S]+)\s*([\S]+)\s*([\S]+)\s*([\S]+)\s*([\S]+)\s*([\S]+)\s*([\S]+)',
text,
re.M
)
results = list(zip(*results))
nlat = 40
nlon = 180
ntime = len(results[0]) / nlon / nlat
if ntime != int(ntime):
raise ValueError
ntime = int(ntime)
mlat_arr = np.array(results[3]).reshape([ntime, nlat, nlon], order='C').transpose((0, 2, 1)).astype(np.float32)
mlon_arr = np.array(results[4]).reshape([ntime, nlat, nlon], order='C').transpose((0, 2, 1)).astype(np.float32)
EF_N_arr = np.array(results[5]).reshape([ntime, nlat, nlon], order='C').transpose((0, 2, 1)).astype(np.float32)
EF_E_arr = np.array(results[6]).reshape([ntime, nlat, nlon], order='C').transpose((0, 2, 1)).astype(np.float32)
v_N_arr = np.array(results[7]).reshape([ntime, nlat, nlon], order='C').transpose((0, 2, 1)).astype(np.float32)
v_E_arr = np.array(results[8]).reshape([ntime, nlat, nlon], order='C').transpose((0, 2, 1)).astype(np.float32)
phi_arr = np.array(results[9]).reshape([ntime, nlat, nlon], order='C').transpose((0, 2, 1)).astype(np.float32)
dts = np.array(results[10])[::nlon * nlat]
dts = [datetime.datetime.strptime(dtstr, "%Y-%m-%d/%H:%M:%S") for dtstr in dts]
time_array = np.array(cftime.date2num(dts, units='seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00.0'))
import aacgmv2
mlt_arr = np.empty_like(mlat_arr)
for i in range(ntime):
mlt1 = aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mlon_arr[i].flatten(), dts[i]).reshape((nlon, nlat))
mlt_arr[i, ::] = mlt1[::]
fp = pathlib.Path(file_path.with_suffix('.nc'))
fp.parent.resolve().mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
fnc = nc.Dataset(fp, 'w')
fnc.createDimension('UNIX_TIME', ntime)
fnc.createDimension('MLAT', nlat)
fnc.createDimension('MLON', nlon)
fnc.title = "SuperDARN Potential maps"
time = fnc.createVariable('UNIX_TIME', np.float64, ('UNIX_TIME',))
time.units = 'seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00.0'
time[::] = time_array[::]
mlat = fnc.createVariable('MLAT', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME', 'MLON', 'MLAT'))
mlat[::] = mlat_arr[::]
mlon = fnc.createVariable('MLON', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME', 'MLON', 'MLAT'))
mlon[::] = mlon_arr[::]
mlt = fnc.createVariable('MLT', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME', 'MLON', 'MLAT'))
mlt[::] = mlt_arr[::]
EF_N = fnc.createVariable('E_N', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME', 'MLON', 'MLAT'))
EF_N[::] = EF_N_arr[::]
EF_E = fnc.createVariable('E_E', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME', 'MLON', 'MLAT'))
EF_E[::] = EF_E_arr[::]
v_N = fnc.createVariable('v_i_N', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME', 'MLON', 'MLAT'))
v_N[::] = v_N_arr[::]
v_E = fnc.createVariable('v_i_E', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME', 'MLON', 'MLAT'))
v_E[::] = v_E_arr[::]
phi = fnc.createVariable('phi', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME', 'MLON', 'MLAT'))
phi[::] = phi_arr[::]
# Support data such as IMF, VCNUM, potential drop
results = re.findall(
r'^>[A-Za-z ]*\(VCNUM\):\s*([\d]+)',
text,
re.M
)
vcnum_arr = np.array(results, dtype=np.int32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
vcnum = fnc.createVariable('VCNUM', 'i4', ('UNIX_TIME',))
vcnum[::] = vcnum_arr[::]
results = re.findall(
r'^>\s*IMF Model: ([\S]+) Bang\s*([\S]+) deg\., '
+ r'Esw\s*([\S]+) mV/m, tilt\s*([\S]+) deg\.,\s*([A-Za-z0-9]+), Fit Order:\s*([\d]+)',
text,
re.M
)
results = list(zip(*results))
imf_model_arr = np.array(results[0], dtype=object).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
imf_model = fnc.createVariable('IMF_MODEL', 'S8', ('UNIX_TIME',))
imf_model[::] = imf_model_arr[::]
B_angle_arr = np.array(results[1], dtype=np.float32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
B_angle = fnc.createVariable('CLOCK_ANGLE', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME',))
B_angle[::] = B_angle_arr[::]
E_sw_arr = np.array(results[2], dtype=np.float32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
E_sw = fnc.createVariable('E_SW', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME',))
E_sw[::] = E_sw_arr[::]
dipole_tilt_arr = np.array(results[3], dtype=np.float32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
dipole_tilt = fnc.createVariable('DIP_TILT', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME',))
dipole_tilt[::] = dipole_tilt_arr[::]
SD_model_arr = np.array(results[4], dtype=object).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
SD_model = fnc.createVariable('SD_MODEL', 'S8', ('UNIX_TIME',))
SD_model[::] = SD_model_arr[::]
fit_order_arr = np.array(results[5], dtype=np.int32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
fit_order = fnc.createVariable('FIT_ORDER', 'i4', ('UNIX_TIME',))
fit_order[::] = fit_order_arr[::]
results = re.findall(
r'^> OMNI IMF:\s*Bx=([\S]+) nT,\s*By=([\S]+) nT,\s*Bz=([\S]+) nT',
text,
re.M
)
results = list(zip(*results))
B_x_OMNI_arr = np.array(results[0], dtype=np.float32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
B_x_OMNI = fnc.createVariable('B_x_OMNI', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME',))
B_x_OMNI[::] = B_x_OMNI_arr[::]
B_y_OMNI_arr = np.array(results[1], dtype=np.float32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
B_y_OMNI = fnc.createVariable('B_y_OMNI', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME',))
B_y_OMNI[::] = B_y_OMNI_arr[::]
B_z_OMNI_arr = np.array(results[2], dtype=np.float32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
B_z_OMNI = fnc.createVariable('B_z_OMNI', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME',))
B_z_OMNI[::] = B_z_OMNI_arr[::]
# > Potential: Drop = 33 kV, Min = -19 kV, Max = 14 kV
results = re.findall(
r'^> Potential:\s*Drop=([\S]+) kV,\s*Min=([\S]+) kV,\s*Max=([\S]+) kV',
text,
re.M
)
results = list(zip(*results))
phi_CPCP_arr = np.array(results[0], dtype=np.float32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
phi_CPCP = fnc.createVariable('phi_CPCP', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME',))
phi_CPCP[::] = phi_CPCP_arr[::]
phi_max_arr = np.array(results[1], dtype=np.float32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
phi_max = fnc.createVariable('phi_MAX', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME',))
phi_max[::] = phi_max_arr[::]
phi_min_arr = np.array(results[2], dtype=np.float32).reshape([ntime, 1], order='C')
phi_min = fnc.createVariable('phi_MIN', np.float32, ('UNIX_TIME',))
phi_min[::] = phi_min_arr[::]
print('From {} to {}.'.format(
datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(time_array[0]),
datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(time_array[-1]))
)
mylog.StreamLogger.info(
"The requested SuperDARN map potential data has been saved in the file {}.".format(fp))
fnc.close()
ax1.plot([45,45],[50,90], 'k--',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.plot([225,225],[50,90], 'k--',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.plot([105,105],[50,90], 'k--',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.plot([285,285],[50,90], 'k--',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.scatter(0, 90, color='r', transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(), zorder=10)
ax2, projection2 = gcc.create_map(
2, 2, 2, 'pol', -50, -90, 0, coastlines=False,useLT=True,
dlat=10, lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
ax2.scatter(0, -90, color='b', transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
#geomagnetic coordinates
ax3, projection3 = gcc.create_map(
2, 2, 3, 'pol', 90, 50, 0, coastlines=False,useLT=True,
dlat=10, lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
mlatn,mlonn = convert(90,0,0,date=dt.date(2002,3,21))
for k in range(24):
mltn = convert_mlt(mlonn[0],dtime=dt.datetime(2003,3,21,k))
ax3.scatter(mltn*15,mlatn[0],color='r',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax3.scatter(180,75,s=50,c='k',marker='x',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax4, projection4 = gcc.create_map(
2, 2, 4, 'pol', -50, -90, 0, coastlines=False,useLT=True,
dlat=10, lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
mlats,mlons = convert(-90,0,0,date=dt.date(2002,3,21))
for k in range(24):
mlts = convert_mlt(mlons[0],dtime=dt.datetime(2003,3,21,k))
ax4.scatter(mlts*15,mlats[0],color='b',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax4.scatter(180,-75,s=50,c='k',marker='x',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
plt.savefig('/Users/guod/Documents/Thesis/006SciFig/work3_001.eps')
#plt.show()
def f4():
plt.figure(figsize=(6.88, 6.74))
#geographic coordinates
ax1, projection1 = gcc.create_map(2,
2,
1,
'pol',
90,
50,
0,
coastlines=False,
useLT=True,
dlat=10,
lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
ax1.plot([45, 45], [50, 90], 'k--', transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.plot([225, 225], [50, 90], 'k--', transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.plot([105, 105], [50, 90], 'k--', transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.plot([285, 285], [50, 90], 'k--', transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax1.scatter(0,
90,
color='r',
transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(),
zorder=10,
label='North Pole')
ax1.text(0, 1, '(a)', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.legend(loc=[0.5, 1.1])
ax2, projection2 = gcc.create_map(2,
2,
2,
'pol',
-50,
-90,
0,
coastlines=False,
useLT=True,
dlat=10,
lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
ax2.scatter(0,
-90,
color='b',
transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(),
label='South Pole')
ax2.text(0, 1, '(b)', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.legend(loc=[-0.1, 1.1])
#geomagnetic coordinates
ax3, projection3 = gcc.create_map(2,
2,
3,
'pol',
90,
50,
0,
coastlines=False,
useLT=True,
dlat=10,
lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
mlatn, mlonn = convert(90, 0, 0, date=dt.date(2002, 3, 21))
for k in range(24):
mltn = convert_mlt(mlonn[0], dtime=dt.datetime(2003, 3, 21, k))
ax3.scatter(mltn * 15,
mlatn[0],
color='r',
transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax3.scatter(180, 75, s=50, c='k', marker='x', transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax3.text(0, 1, '(c)', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
ax4, projection4 = gcc.create_map(2,
2,
4,
'pol',
-50,
-90,
0,
coastlines=False,
useLT=True,
dlat=10,
lonticklabel=(1, 1, 1, 1))
mlats, mlons = convert(-90, 0, 0, date=dt.date(2002, 3, 21))
for k in range(24):
mlts = convert_mlt(mlons[0], dtime=dt.datetime(2003, 3, 21, k))
ax4.scatter(mlts * 15,
mlats[0],
color='b',
transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax4.scatter(180,
-75,
s=50,
c='k',
marker='x',
transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax4.text(0, 1, '(d)', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.savefig('/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/Figures/'
'000_Pole_Feature.pdf')
return
def f3():
def percentile(n):
def percentile_(x):
return np.percentile(x, n)
percentile_.__name__ = 'percentile_%s' % n
return percentile_
date_polarity = get_date_polarity() # date_polarity is sorted
date_polarity = date_polarity['2002-1-1':'2010-12-31']
# IMF Bx, By, Bz and AE
if False:
print('Reading IMF data from 2002 to 2010...')
baea = omni.get_omni('2002-1-1',
'2011-1-1',
variables=['Bx', 'Bym', 'Bzm', 'AE'],
res='5m')
print('Reading finished')
bae = [pd.DataFrame(), pd.DataFrame()]
for k00, k0 in enumerate(['away', 'toward']):
sbt = date_polarity[(date_polarity.polarity == k0)]
for k11, k1 in enumerate(sbt.index):
baet = baea[k1:(k1 + pd.Timedelta('1D') - pd.Timedelta('1s'))]
if baet.empty:
print('No IMF and AE data on ', k1)
continue
bae[k00] = bae[k00].append(baet)
# end of IMF data preparation
# Grace density data.
nsbu = np.zeros([2, 2])
rho = [[pd.DataFrame(), pd.DataFrame()],
[pd.DataFrame(), pd.DataFrame()]]
for k00, k0 in enumerate(['away', 'toward']):
sbt = date_polarity[(date_polarity.polarity == k0)]
for k2 in sbt.index:
rhot = cg.ChampDensity(k2,
k2 + pd.Timedelta('1D') -
pd.Timedelta('1s'),
satellite='grace',
variables=['rho400', 'lat3'])
if rhot.empty:
print('No GRACE data on ', k2)
continue
for k33, k3 in enumerate([-90, 90]): # south and north poles
rhott = rhot[rhot.lat3 == k3].copy()
print([k0, k3])
if rhott.shape[0] < 25:
print(
'There is only {:d} '
'data points on '.format(rhott.shape[0]), k2)
continue
rhott['rrho400'] = 100 * (
rhott['rho400'] -
rhott['rho400'].mean()) / rhott['rho400'].mean()
nsbu[k00, k33] += 1
rho[k00][k33] = rho[k00][k33].append(rhott)
pd.to_pickle((bae, rho, nsbu),
os.environ.get('DATAPATH') + 'tmp/w2_f4_02.dat')
# End of data preparation
print('Begin figure 1')
bdate = pd.Timestamp('2002-10-09')
edate = pd.Timestamp('2002-10-14')
print('Date range: ', bdate, '-->', edate)
imf = omni.get_omni(bdate, edate, variables=['Bx', 'Bym', 'Bzm'], res='1h')
rho = cg.ChampDensity(bdate,
edate,
variables=['rho400', 'lat3', 'Mlat', 'MLT'],
satellite='grace')
fig, ax = plt.subplots(2, 1, sharex=True, figsize=(7.3, 6.8))
# IMF Bx, By, Bz
plt.sca(ax[0])
plt.plot(imf.index, imf.Bx, 'b')
plt.plot(imf.index, imf.Bym, 'r')
plt.plot(imf.index, imf.Bzm, 'k')
plt.ylim(-10, 10)
plt.yticks(np.arange(-10, 11, 5))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(5))
plt.grid()
plt.ylabel('IMF (nT)')
plt.legend([r'$B_x$', r'$B_y$', r'$B_z$'], loc=1, ncol=3)
plt.text(0.03, 0.87, '(a)', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.sca(ax[1])
rho['rho400'] /= 1e-11
plt.plot(rho.index, rho.rho400, 'gray', lw=1)
rhot = rho[rho.lat3 == -90]
rhott = rho[((rho.Mlat <= -70) & (rho.Mlat >= -80) & (rho.MLT >= 11) &
(rho.MLT <= 13))]
plt.plot(rhot.index, rhot.rho400, 'k')
plt.plot(rhott.index, rhott.rho400, 'bo', ms=5)
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.DayLocator())
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%j'))
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.HourLocator(interval=2))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(2))
plt.xlim(bdate, edate)
plt.ylim(0.2, 1.4)
plt.yticks(np.arange(0.2, 1.5, 0.2))
dates = pd.date_range(
bdate, edate, freq='1D') + pd.Timedelta('15h') + pd.Timedelta('37m')
plt.vlines(dates, ymin=0.2, ymax=1.4, color='k', linestyle='--')
plt.grid()
plt.xlabel('Day of 2002')
plt.ylabel(r'$\rho$ ($10^{-11}$ kg/m$^3$)')
plt.text(0.03, 0.87, '(b)', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.savefig(
'/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/Figures/001_01_Case.pdf'
)
print('End of figure 1\n\n')
print('Begin figure 2')
bae, rho, nsbu = pd.read_pickle(
os.environ.get('DATAPATH') + 'tmp/w2_f4_02.dat')
print('Total away and toward days [[AS, AN], [TS, TN]]: \n', nsbu)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6, 8))
grid1 = ImageGrid(fig, [0.1, 0.4, 0.8, 0.66], [3, 2],
label_mode='L',
axes_pad=0.2,
cbar_mode='edge',
cbar_location='right')
grid2 = ImageGrid(fig, [0.1, 0.07, 0.8, 0.44], [2, 2],
label_mode='L',
axes_pad=[0.2, 0.4],
cbar_mode='edge',
cbar_location='right')
ctt = [r'$B_x$ (nT)', r'$B_y$ (nT)', r'$B_z$ (nT)']
plb = np.array(list('abcdefghij')).reshape(2, 5).T
for k00, k0 in enumerate(['Away', 'Toward']):
baet = bae[k00]
baet['month'] = baet.index.month - 0.5
baet['uthour'] = baet.index.hour + 0.5
baett = baet.groupby(['month', 'uthour']).agg(np.median)
baett = baett.reset_index()
print('For %s polarities: ' % k0)
for k11, k1 in enumerate(['Bx', 'Bym', 'Bzm']):
ll = np.linspace(-3.2, 3.2, 11)
cl = np.arange(-3, 4, 1)
if k1 == 'AE':
ll = np.linspace(0, 300, 11)
cl = np.arange(0, 301, 100)
#plt.sca(ax[k11, k00])
plt.sca(grid1[k00 + k11 * 2])
baettt = baett.pivot('month', 'uthour', k1)
# Extend month and ut
baettt.loc[:,
baettt.columns[0] - 1] = baettt.loc[:,
baettt.columns[-1]]
baettt.loc[:,
baettt.columns[-2] + 1] = baettt.loc[:,
baettt.columns[0]]
baettt = baettt.sort_index(axis=1)
baettt.loc[baettt.index[0] -
1, :] = baettt.loc[baettt.index[-1], :]
baettt.loc[baettt.index[-2] +
1, :] = baettt.loc[baettt.index[0], :]
baettt = baettt.sort_index(axis=0)
x = baettt.columns # uthour
y = baettt.index # month
hc = plt.contourf(x,
y,
baettt,
levels=ll,
extend='neither',
cmap='seismic')
print(' Average {:s} is: {:5.1f}'.format(k1,
baettt.mean().mean()))
if k1 == 'Bzm':
print(' Bz max: {:5.1f}'.format(baettt.max().max()))
print(' Bz min: {:5.1f}'.format(baettt.min().min()))
plt.xlim(0, 24)
plt.xticks(np.arange(0, 25, 6), [])
plt.yticks(np.arange(0.5, 12.5, 1),
['', '', 3, '', '', 6, '', '', 9, '', '', 12])
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(6))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(2))
plt.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', direction='out', length=4)
plt.tick_params(axis='y',
which='major',
direction='out',
length=0,
pad=6)
plt.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', direction='out', length=2)
plt.tick_params(axis='y',
which='minor',
direction='out',
length=3,
width=1.2)
plt.text(0.1,
0.82,
'(' + plb[k11, k00] + ')',
bbox=dict(facecolor='grey', alpha=0.5),
transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
if k11 == 0:
plt.title(k0)
if k00 == 0:
plt.ylabel('Month')
plt.ylim(-0.000001, 12.0000001)
grid1.cbar_axes[k11].colorbar(hc, ticks=cl)
grid1.cbar_axes[k11].set_ylabel(ctt[k11])
for k11, k1 in enumerate(['south', 'north']):
rhot = rho[k00][k11]
rhot['month'] = rhot.index.month
rhot['uthour'] = rhot.index.hour + 0.5
rhott = rhot.groupby(['month', 'uthour']).agg(np.median)
rhott = rhott.reset_index()
plt.sca(grid2[k00 + k11 * 2])
rhottt = rhott.pivot('month', 'uthour', 'rrho400')
# extend month and ut
rhottt.loc[:,
rhottt.columns[0] - 1] = rhottt.loc[:,
rhottt.columns[-1]]
rhottt.loc[:,
rhottt.columns[-2] + 1] = rhottt.loc[:,
rhottt.columns[0]]
rhottt = rhottt.sort_index(axis=1)
rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[0] -
1, :] = rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[-1], :]
rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[-2] +
1, :] = rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[0], :]
rhottt = rhottt.sort_index(axis=0)
hc = plt.contourf(x,
y,
rhottt,
levels=np.linspace(-22, 22, 11),
cmap='seismic')
print(' ', k1, ' density max (%): ', rhottt.max().max())
print(' ', k1, ' density min (%): ', rhottt.min().min())
if k1 is 'south':
#plt.axvline(15+37/60, 0, 1, c='k', ls='--')
utx = np.arange(0, 25, 6)
uts = [
convert_mlt(19, dtime=dt.datetime(2003, 2, 23, k))
for k in utx % 24
]
[plt.text(k1, 13, '%.0f'%k2, horizontalalignment='center')\
for k1, k2 in zip(utx, uts)]
if k00 == 0:
plt.text(-0.2, 1.08, 'MLT', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
if k1 is 'north':
#plt.axvline(5+25/60, 0, 1, c='k', ls='--')
utx = np.arange(0, 25, 6)
utn = [
convert_mlt(170, dtime=dt.datetime(2003, 2, 23, k))
for k in utx % 24
]
[plt.text(k1, 13, '%.0f'%k2, horizontalalignment='center')\
for k1, k2 in zip(utx, utn)]
if k00 == 0:
plt.text(-0.2, 1.08, 'MLT', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.xlim(0, 24)
plt.xticks(np.arange(0, 25, 6))
plt.ylim(-0.001, 12.001)
plt.yticks(np.arange(0.5, 12.5),
['', '', 3, '', '', 6, '', '', 9, '', '', 12])
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(6))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(2))
plt.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', direction='out', length=4)
plt.tick_params(axis='y',
which='major',
direction='out',
length=0,
pad=6)
plt.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', direction='out', length=2)
plt.tick_params(axis='y',
which='minor',
direction='out',
length=3,
width=1.2)
plt.text(0.1,
0.82,
'(' + plb[k11 + 3, k00] + ')',
bbox=dict(facecolor='grey', alpha=0.5),
transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
if k00 == 0:
plt.ylabel('Month')
if k11 == 1:
plt.xlabel('UT (hour)')
grid2.cbar_axes[k11].colorbar(hc, ticks=np.arange(-20, 21, 10))
grid2.cbar_axes[k11].set_ylabel((r'S' if k11 == 0 else 'N') +
r', $\delta\rho$ (%)')
plt.savefig('/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/'
'Figures/002_Statistical_Results.pdf')
print('End of figure 2\n\n')
print('Begin figure 3')
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 2, sharex=True, sharey=True, figsize=(8, 4))
plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.10,
right=0.95,
top=0.90,
bottom=0.15,
wspace=0.23,
hspace=0.16)
plb = ['(a)', '(b)']
for k00, k0 in enumerate(['Solar Maximum', 'Solar Minimum']):
print(k0, ':')
rhot = rho[0][0] # away sectors, south pole
if 'max' in k0.lower():
rhott = rhot['2002-1-1':'2003-12-31'].copy()
print(' {:d} days'.format(len(np.unique(rhott.index.date))))
tit = 'Year: 2002-2003'
else:
rhott = rhot['2009-1-1':'2010-12-31'].copy()
print(' {:d} days'.format(len(np.unique(rhott.index.date))))
tit = 'Year: 2009-2010'
rhott = rhott[(rhott.index.month >= 9)
& (rhott.index.month <= 10)].copy()
rhott['uthour'] = rhott.index.hour + 0.5
rhottt = rhott.groupby(['uthour'])['rrho400'].agg(
[np.median, percentile(25),
percentile(75)])
rhottt.columns = ['median', 'p25', 'p75']
plt.sca(ax[k00])
# Extend ut
rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[0] - 1, :] = rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[-1], :]
rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[-2] + 1, :] = rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[0], :]
rhottt = rhottt.sort_index(axis=0)
hp = plt.plot(rhottt.index, rhottt['median'], 'b')
print(' Density max (%): ', rhottt['median'].max())
print(' Density min (%): ', rhottt['median'].min())
plt.plot(rhottt.index,
rhottt.p25,
'gray',
rhottt.index,
rhottt.p75,
'gray',
linestyle='--')
plt.grid()
plt.xlim(0, 24)
plt.xticks(np.arange(0, 25, 6), [])
utx = np.arange(0, 25, 6)
uts = [
convert_mlt(19, dtime=dt.datetime(2003, 2, 23, k))
for k in utx % 24
]
plt.text(-3.5, -34, 'UT')
[
plt.text(k1, -34, '%.0f' % k1, horizontalalignment='center')
for k1 in utx
]
plt.text(-3.5, -38, 'MLT')
[
plt.text(k1, -38, '%.0f' % k2, horizontalalignment='center')
for k1, k2 in zip(utx, uts)
]
plt.ylim(-30, 30)
plt.yticks(np.arange(-30, 31, 10))
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(6))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(5))
plt.tick_params(axis='both', which='major')
plt.tick_params(axis='both', which='minor')
if k00 == 0:
plt.ylabel(r'South, $\delta\rho$ (%)')
plt.title(tit)
plt.text(0.03, 0.91, plb[k00], transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
print('End of figure 3\n\n')
plt.savefig('/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/'
'Figures/003_Solar_Activity_Dependence.pdf')
print('Begin figure 4')
bdate = pd.Timestamp('2002-10-09')
edate = pd.Timestamp('2002-10-14')
print('Date range: ', bdate, '-->', edate)
rho = cg.ChampDensity(bdate,
edate,
variables=['rho400', 'lat3', 'Mlat', 'MLT'],
satellite='grace')
rho['Dist_Cusp'] = 6371 * np.arccos(
np.sin(rho['Mlat'] / 180 * np.pi) * np.sin(-75 / 180 * np.pi) +
np.cos(rho['Mlat'] / 180 * np.pi) * np.cos(-75 / 180 * np.pi) * np.cos(
(rho['MLT'] - 12) / 12 * np.pi))
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(7.3, 4.8))
rho['rho400'] /= 1e-11
#plt.plot(rho.index, rho.rho400, 'gray', lw=1)
rhot = rho[rho.lat3 == -90]
plt.plot(rhot['Dist_Cusp'], rhot['rho400'], '.k')
plt.xlim(0, 3500)
plt.ylim(0.2, 1.4)
plt.yticks(np.arange(0.2, 1.5, 0.2))
plt.xticks(np.arange(0, 4000, 500))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(5))
ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(2))
plt.grid()
plt.xlabel('Pole-Cusp Distance (km)')
plt.ylabel(r'$\rho$ ($10^{-11}$ kg/m$^3$)')
print('End of figure 4\n\n')
plt.savefig('/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/'
'Figures/001_02_Dist_Cusp.pdf')
return
def plot_fan(cls, dmap_data: List[dict], ax=None, scan_index: int = 1,
ranges: List = [0,75], boundary: bool = True,
parameter: str = 'v', lowlat: int = 30, cmap: str = None,
groundscatter: bool = False,
zmin: int = None, zmax: int = None,
colorbar: bool = True,
colorbar_label: str = ''):
"""
Plots a radar's Field Of View (FOV) fan plot for the given data and scan number
Parameters
-----------
dmap_data: List[dict]
Named list of dictionaries obtained from SDarn_read
ax: matplotlib.pyplot axis
Pre-defined axis object to pass in, must currently be polar projection
Default: Generates a polar projection for the user with MLT/latitude labels
scan_index: int
Scan number from beginning of first record in file
Default: 1
parameter: str
Key name indicating which parameter to plot.
Default: v (Velocity). Alternatives: 'p_l', 'w_l', 'elv'
lowlat: int
Lower AACGM latitude boundary for the polar plot
Default: 50
ranges: list
Set to a two element list of the lower and upper ranges to plot
Default: [0,75]
boundary: bool
Set to false to not plot the outline of the FOV
Default: True
cmap: matplotlib.cm
matplotlib colour map
https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/colors/colormaps.html
Default: Official pyDARN colour map for given parameter
groundscatter : bool
Set true to indicate if groundscatter should be plotted in grey
Default: False
zmin: int
The minimum parameter value for coloring
Default: {'p_l': [0], 'v': [-200], 'w_l': [0], 'elv': [0]}
zmax: int
The maximum parameter value for coloring
Default: {'p_l': [50], 'v': [200], 'w_l': [250], 'elv': [50]}
colorbar: bool
Draw a colourbar if True
Default: True
colorbar_label: str
the label that appears next to the colour bar. Requires colorbar to be true
Default: ''
Returns
-----------
beam_corners_aacgm_lats
n_beams x n_gates numpy array of AACGMv2 latitudes
beam_corners_aacgm_lons
n_beams x n_gates numpy array of AACGMv2 longitudes
scan
n_beams x n_gates numpy array of the scan data (for the selected parameter)
grndsct
n_beams x n_gates numpy array of the scan data (for the selected parameter)
dtime
datetime object for the scan plotted
"""
my_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
base_path = os.path.join(my_path, '..')
# Get scan numbers for each record
beam_scan=build_scan(dmap_data)
# Locate scan in loaded data
plot_beams = np.where(beam_scan == scan_index)
# Time for coordinate conversion
dtime = dt.datetime(dmap_data[plot_beams[0][0]]['time.yr'],
dmap_data[plot_beams[0][0]]['time.mo'], dmap_data[plot_beams[0][0]]['time.dy'],
dmap_data[plot_beams[0][0]]['time.hr'], dmap_data[plot_beams[0][0]]['time.mt'],
dmap_data[plot_beams[0][0]]['time.sc'])
# Get radar beam/gate locations
beam_corners_aacgm_lats, beam_corners_aacgm_lons=radar_fov(dmap_data[0]['stid'],
coords='aacgm', date=dtime)
fan_shape = beam_corners_aacgm_lons.shape
# Work out shift due in MLT
beam_corners_mlts = np.zeros((fan_shape[0], fan_shape[1]))
mltshift = beam_corners_aacgm_lons[0, 0] - \
(aacgmv2.convert_mlt(beam_corners_aacgm_lons[0, 0], dtime) * 15)
beam_corners_mlts = beam_corners_aacgm_lons - mltshift
# Hold the beam positions
thetas = np.radians(beam_corners_mlts)
rs = beam_corners_aacgm_lats
# Get range-gate data and groundscatter array for given scan
scan = np.zeros((fan_shape[0] - 1, fan_shape[1]-1))
grndsct = np.zeros((fan_shape[0] - 1, fan_shape[1]-1)) #initialise arrays
for i in np.nditer(plot_beams):
try:
slist = dmap_data[i.astype(int)]['slist'] #get a list of gates where there is data
beam = dmap_data[i.astype(int)]['bmnum'] #get the beam number for the record
scan[slist, beam] = dmap_data[i.astype(int)][parameter]
grndsct[slist, beam] = dmap_data[i.astype(int)]['gflg']
# if there is no slist field this means partial record
except KeyError:
continue
# Colour table and max value selection depending on parameter plotted
# Load defaults if none given
# TODO: use cmaps as over writting cmap is bad practice...
# did I do that in my code ... hmm
if cmap is None:
cmap = {'p_l': 'plasma', 'v': PyDARNColormaps.PYDARN_VELOCITY,
'w_l': PyDARNColormaps.PYDARN_VIRIDIS,
'elv': PyDARNColormaps.PYDARN}
cmap = plt.cm.get_cmap(cmap[parameter])
# Setting zmin and zmax
defaultzminmax = {'p_l': [0, 50], 'v': [-200, 200],
'w_l': [0, 250], 'elv': [0, 50]}
if zmin is None:
zmin = defaultzminmax[parameter][0]
if zmax is None:
zmax = defaultzminmax[parameter][1]
# Setup plot
# This may screw up references
if ax is None:
ax = plt.axes(polar=True)
if beam_corners_aacgm_lats[0,0] > 0:
ax.set_ylim(90, lowlat)
ax.set_yticks(np.arange(lowlat, 90, 10))
else:
ax.set_ylim(-90, -abs(lowlat))
ax.set_yticks(np.arange(-abs(lowlat), -90, -10))
ax.set_xticklabels(['00', '', '06', '', '12', '', '18', ''])
ax.set_theta_zero_location("S")
# Begin plotting by iterating over ranges and beams
for gates in range(ranges[0],ranges[1]-1):
for beams in range(thetas.shape[1] - 2):
# Index colour table correctly
cmapindex = (scan[gates, beams] + abs(zmin)) /\
(abs(zmin) + abs(zmax))
if cmapindex < 0:
cmapindex = 0
if cmapindex > 1:
cmapindex = 1
colour_rgba = cmap(cmapindex)
# Check for zero values (white) and groundscatter (gray)
if scan[gates, beams] == 0:
colour_rgba = 'w'
if groundscatter and grndsct[gates, beams] == 1:
colour_rgba = 'gray'
#Angle for polar plotting
theta = [thetas[gates, beams], thetas[gates + 1, beams],
thetas[gates + 1, beams + 1],
thetas[gates, beams + 1]]
#Radius for polar plotting
r = [rs[gates, beams], rs[gates + 1, beams],
rs[gates + 1, beams + 1], rs[gates, beams + 1]]
im = ax.fill(theta, r, color=colour_rgba)
# Plot FOV outline
if boundary is True:
plt.polar(thetas[0:ranges[1], 0], rs[0:ranges[1], 0], color='black',
linewidth=0.5)
plt.polar(thetas[ranges[1] - 1, 0:thetas.shape[1] - 1],
rs[ranges[1] - 1, 0:thetas.shape[1] - 1], color='black',
linewidth=0.5)
plt.polar(thetas[0:ranges[1], thetas.shape[1] - 2],
rs[0:ranges[1], thetas.shape[1] - 2],
color='black', linewidth=0.5)
plt.polar(thetas[0, 0:thetas.shape[1] - 2],
rs[0, 0:thetas.shape[1] - 2], color='black',
linewidth=0.5)
norm = colors.Normalize
norm = norm(zmin, zmax)
# Create color bar if True
if colorbar is True:
mappable = cm.ScalarMappable(norm=norm, cmap=cmap)
locator = ticker.MaxNLocator(symmetric=True, min_n_ticks=3,
integer=True, nbins='auto')
ticks = locator.tick_values(vmin=zmin, vmax=zmax)
cb = ax.figure.colorbar(mappable, ax=ax, extend='both', ticks=ticks)
if colorbar_label != '':
cb.set_label(colorbar_label)
return beam_corners_aacgm_lats, beam_corners_aacgm_lons, scan, grndsct, dtime
def plot_potential_contours(cls,
fit_coefficient: list,
lat_min: list,
date: object,
lat_shift: int = 0,
lon_shift: int = 0,
fit_order: int = 6,
hemisphere: Enum = Hemisphere.North,
contour_levels: list = [],
contour_color: str = 'dimgrey',
contour_linewidths: float = 0.8,
contour_fill: bool = False,
contour_colorbar: bool = True,
contour_fill_cmap: str = 'RdBu',
contour_colorbar_label: str = 'Potential (kV)',
pot_minmax_color: str = 'k',
**kwargs):
# TODO: No evaluation of coordinate system made! May need if in
# plotting to plot in radians/geo ect.
'''
Takes the grid of potentials, plots a contour plot and min and max
potential positions
Parameters
----------
fit_coefficient: List[float]
Value of the coefficient
lat_min: List[float]
Minimum latitude that will be evaluated
Not to be confused with 'lowlat'
date: datetime object
Date from record
lat_shift: int
Generic shift in latitude from map file
default: 0
lon_shift: int
Generic shift in longitude from map file
default: 0
fit_order: int
order of the fit
default: 6
contour_levels: np.arr
Array of values at which the contours
are plotted
Default: []
Default list is defined in function due
to length of the list, values higher or
lower than the minimum and maximum values
given are colored in as min and max color
values if contour_fill=True
contour_color: str
Colour of the contour lines plotted
Default: dimgrey
contour_label: bool - NOT CURRENTLY IMPLEMENTED
If contour_fill is True, contour labels will
be plotted on the contour lines
Default: True
contour_linewidths: float
Thickness of contour lines
Default: 0.8
contour_fill: bool
Option to use filled contours rather than
an outline. If True, contour_color and
contour_linewidths are ignored
If False
Default: False
contour_colorbar: bool
Option to show the colorbar for the contours
if contour_fill = True
Default: True
contour_fill_cmap: matplotlib.cm
Colormap used to fill the contours if
contour_fill is True
Default: 'RdBu'
contour_colorbar_label: str
Label for the colorbar describing the
contours if contour_fill is True
Default: empty string ''
pot_minmax_color: str
Colour of the cross and plus symbols for
minimum and maximum potentials
Default: 'k' - black
**kwargs
including lowlat and hemisphere for calculating
potentials
'''
mlat, mlon_u, pot_arr = cls.calculate_potentials(fit_coefficient,
lat_min,
lat_shift=lat_shift,
lon_shift=lon_shift,
fit_order=fit_order,
hemisphere=hemisphere,
**kwargs)
# Shift mlon to MLT
shifted_mlts = mlon_u[0, 0] - \
(aacgmv2.convert_mlt(mlon_u[0, 0], date) * 15)
shifted_lons = mlon_u - shifted_mlts
mlon = shifted_lons
# Contained in function as too long to go into the function call
if contour_levels == []:
contour_levels = [
-100, -95, -90, -85, -80, -75, -70, -65, -60, -55, -50, -45,
-40, -35, -30, -25, -20, -15, -10, -5, -1, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20,
25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100
]
if contour_fill:
# Filled contours
plt.contourf(np.radians(mlon),
mlat,
pot_arr,
2,
vmax=abs(pot_arr).max(),
vmin=-abs(pot_arr).max(),
locator=ticker.FixedLocator(contour_levels),
cmap=contour_fill_cmap,
alpha=0.6,
extend='both',
zorder=3.0)
if contour_colorbar is True:
norm = colors.Normalize
norm = norm(-abs(pot_arr).max(), abs(pot_arr).max())
mappable = cm.ScalarMappable(norm=norm, cmap=contour_fill_cmap)
locator = ticker.MaxNLocator(symmetric=True,
min_n_ticks=3,
integer=True,
nbins='auto')
ticks = locator.tick_values(vmin=-abs(pot_arr).max(),
vmax=abs(pot_arr).max())
cb = plt.colorbar(mappable, extend='both', ticks=ticks)
if contour_colorbar_label != '':
cb.set_label(contour_colorbar_label)
else:
# Contour lines only
cs = plt.contour(np.radians(mlon),
mlat,
pot_arr,
2,
vmax=abs(pot_arr).max(),
vmin=-abs(pot_arr).max(),
locator=ticker.FixedLocator(contour_levels),
colors=contour_color,
alpha=0.8,
linewidths=contour_linewidths,
zorder=3.0)
# TODO: Add in contour labels
# if contour_label:
# plt.clabel(cs, cs.levels, inline=True, fmt='%d', fontsize=5)
# Get max value of potential
ind_max = np.where(pot_arr == pot_arr.max())
ind_min = np.where(pot_arr == pot_arr.min())
max_mlon = mlon[ind_max]
max_mlat = mlat[ind_max]
min_mlon = mlon[ind_min]
min_mlat = mlat[ind_min]
plt.scatter(np.radians(max_mlon),
max_mlat,
marker='+',
s=70,
color=pot_minmax_color,
zorder=5.0)
plt.scatter(np.radians(min_mlon),
min_mlat,
marker='_',
s=70,
color=pot_minmax_color,
zorder=5.0)
def test_MLT_a2m():
mlt = aacgmv2.convert_mlt([1, 12, 23], dt.datetime(2015, 2, 24, 14, 0, 15))
np.testing.assert_allclose(mlt, [9.056476, 9.78981 , 10.523143], rtol=1e-6)
def test_MLT_m2a():
mlon = aacgmv2.convert_mlt([1, 12, 23], dt.datetime(2015, 2, 24, 14, 0, 15), m2a=True)
np.testing.assert_allclose(mlon, [240.152854, 45.152854, 210.152854], rtol=1e-6)
def f3():
def percentile(n):
def percentile_(x):
return np.percentile(x,n)
percentile_.__name__ = 'percentile_%s' % n
return percentile_
date_polarity = get_date_polarity() # date_polarity is sorted
date_polarity = date_polarity['2002-1-1':'2010-12-31']
# IMF Bx, By, Bz and AE
if False:
print('Reading IMF data from 2002 to 2010...')
baea = omni.get_omni(
'2002-1-1', '2011-1-1',
variables=['Bx', 'Bym', 'Bzm', 'AE'], res='5m')
print('Reading finished')
bae = [pd.DataFrame(), pd.DataFrame()]
for k00, k0 in enumerate(['away', 'toward']):
sbt = date_polarity[(date_polarity.polarity==k0)]
for k11, k1 in enumerate(sbt.index):
baet = baea[k1:(k1+pd.Timedelta('1D')-pd.Timedelta('1s'))]
if baet.empty:
print('No IMF and AE data on ', k1)
continue
bae[k00] = bae[k00].append(baet)
# end of IMF data preparation
# Grace density data.
nsbu = np.zeros([2, 2])
rho = [
[pd.DataFrame(), pd.DataFrame()], [pd.DataFrame(), pd.DataFrame()]]
for k00, k0 in enumerate(['away', 'toward']):
sbt = date_polarity[(date_polarity.polarity==k0)]
for k2 in sbt.index:
rhot = cg.ChampDensity(
k2, k2+pd.Timedelta('1D')-pd.Timedelta('1s'),
satellite='grace', variables=['rho400', 'lat3'])
if rhot.empty:
print('No GRACE data on ',k2)
continue
for k33, k3 in enumerate([-90, 90]): # south and north poles
rhott = rhot[rhot.lat3==k3].copy()
print([k0, k3])
if rhott.shape[0]<25:
print(
'There is only {:d} '
'data points on '.format(rhott.shape[0]), k2)
continue
rhott['rrho400'] = 100*(
rhott['rho400']-rhott['rho400'].mean()
)/rhott['rho400'].mean()
nsbu[k00, k33] +=1
rho[k00][k33] = rho[k00][k33].append(rhott)
pd.to_pickle(
(bae, rho, nsbu),
os.environ.get('DATAPATH') + 'tmp/w2_f4_02.dat')
# End of data preparation
print('Begin figure 1')
bdate = pd.Timestamp('2002-10-09')
edate = pd.Timestamp('2002-10-14')
print('Date range: ', bdate, '-->', edate)
imf = omni.get_omni(bdate, edate, variables=['Bx', 'Bym', 'Bzm'], res='1h')
rho = cg.ChampDensity(
bdate, edate,
variables=['rho400', 'lat3', 'Mlat', 'MLT'], satellite='grace')
fig, ax = plt.subplots(2, 1, sharex=True, figsize=(7.3, 6.8))
# IMF Bx, By, Bz
plt.sca(ax[0])
plt.plot(imf.index, imf.Bx, 'b')
plt.plot(imf.index, imf.Bym, 'r')
plt.plot(imf.index, imf.Bzm, 'k')
plt.ylim(-10, 10)
plt.yticks(np.arange(-10, 11, 5))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(5))
plt.grid()
plt.ylabel('IMF (nT)')
plt.legend([r'$B_x$', r'$B_y$', r'$B_z$'], loc=1, ncol=3)
plt.text(0.03, 0.87, '(a)', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.sca(ax[1])
rho['rho400'] /= 1e-11
plt.plot(rho.index, rho.rho400, 'gray', lw=1)
rhot = rho[rho.lat3==-90]
rhott = rho[
((rho.Mlat<=-70) & (rho.Mlat>=-80) & (rho.MLT>=11) & (rho.MLT<=13))]
plt.plot(rhot.index, rhot.rho400, 'k')
plt.plot(rhott.index, rhott.rho400, 'bo', ms=5)
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.DayLocator())
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%j'))
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.HourLocator(interval=2))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(2))
plt.xlim(bdate, edate)
plt.ylim(0.2, 1.4)
plt.yticks(np.arange(0.2, 1.5, 0.2))
dates = pd.date_range(
bdate, edate,
freq='1D')+pd.Timedelta('15h')+pd.Timedelta('37m')
plt.vlines(dates, ymin=0.2, ymax=1.4, color='k', linestyle='--')
plt.grid()
plt.xlabel('Day of 2002')
plt.ylabel(r'$\rho$ ($10^{-11}$ kg/m$^3$)')
plt.text(0.03, 0.87, '(b)', transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.savefig(
'/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/Figures/001_01_Case.pdf')
print('End of figure 1\n\n')
print('Begin figure 2')
bae, rho, nsbu= pd.read_pickle(
os.environ.get('DATAPATH') + 'tmp/w2_f4_02.dat')
print('Total away and toward days [[AS, AN], [TS, TN]]: \n', nsbu)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6,8))
grid1 = ImageGrid(
fig, [0.1, 0.4, 0.8, 0.66], [3, 2], label_mode='L',axes_pad=0.2,
cbar_mode='edge', cbar_location='right')
grid2 = ImageGrid(
fig, [0.1, 0.07, 0.8, 0.44], [2, 2], label_mode='L',
axes_pad=[0.2, 0.4], cbar_mode='edge', cbar_location='right')
ctt = [r'$B_x$ (nT)', r'$B_y$ (nT)', r'$B_z$ (nT)']
plb = np.array(list('abcdefghij')).reshape(2,5).T
for k00, k0 in enumerate(['Away', 'Toward']):
baet = bae[k00]
baet['month'] = baet.index.month-0.5
baet['uthour'] = baet.index.hour+0.5
baett = baet.groupby(['month', 'uthour']).agg(np.median)
baett = baett.reset_index()
print('For %s polarities: ' % k0)
for k11, k1 in enumerate(['Bx', 'Bym', 'Bzm']):
ll = np.linspace(-3.2, 3.2, 11)
cl = np.arange(-3, 4, 1)
if k1=='AE':
ll = np.linspace(0, 300, 11)
cl = np.arange(0, 301, 100)
#plt.sca(ax[k11, k00])
plt.sca(grid1[k00+k11*2])
baettt = baett.pivot('month', 'uthour', k1)
# Extend month and ut
baettt.loc[:, baettt.columns[0]-1] = baettt.loc[:, baettt.columns[-1]]
baettt.loc[:, baettt.columns[-2]+1] = baettt.loc[:, baettt.columns[0]]
baettt = baettt.sort_index(axis=1)
baettt.loc[baettt.index[0]-1, :] = baettt.loc[baettt.index[-1], :]
baettt.loc[baettt.index[-2]+1, :] = baettt.loc[baettt.index[0], :]
baettt = baettt.sort_index(axis=0)
x = baettt.columns # uthour
y = baettt.index # month
hc = plt.contourf(
x, y, baettt, levels=ll, extend='neither', cmap='seismic')
print(' Average {:s} is: {:5.1f}'.format(k1, baettt.mean().mean()))
if k1=='Bzm':
print(' Bz max: {:5.1f}'.format(baettt.max().max()))
print(' Bz min: {:5.1f}'.format(baettt.min().min()))
plt.xlim(0,24)
plt.xticks(np.arange(0,25,6),[])
plt.yticks(np.arange(0.5,12.5,1),['','',3,'','',6,'','',9,'','',12])
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(6))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(2))
plt.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', direction='out', length=4)
plt.tick_params(axis='y', which='major', direction='out', length=0, pad=6)
plt.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', direction='out', length=2)
plt.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', direction='out', length=3, width=1.2)
plt.text(
0.1, 0.82, '('+plb[k11, k00]+')',bbox=dict(facecolor='grey', alpha=0.5),
transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
if k11 == 0:
plt.title(k0)
if k00 == 0:
plt.ylabel('Month')
plt.ylim(-0.000001,12.0000001)
grid1.cbar_axes[k11].colorbar(hc, ticks=cl)
grid1.cbar_axes[k11].set_ylabel(ctt[k11])
for k11, k1 in enumerate(['south', 'north']):
rhot = rho[k00][k11]
rhot['month'] = rhot.index.month
rhot['uthour'] = rhot.index.hour+0.5
rhott = rhot.groupby(['month', 'uthour']).agg(np.median)
rhott = rhott.reset_index()
plt.sca(grid2[k00+k11*2])
rhottt = rhott.pivot('month', 'uthour', 'rrho400')
# extend month and ut
rhottt.loc[:, rhottt.columns[0]-1] = rhottt.loc[:, rhottt.columns[-1]]
rhottt.loc[:, rhottt.columns[-2]+1] = rhottt.loc[:, rhottt.columns[0]]
rhottt = rhottt.sort_index(axis=1)
rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[0]-1, :] = rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[-1], :]
rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[-2]+1, :] = rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[0], :]
rhottt = rhottt.sort_index(axis=0)
hc = plt.contourf(
x, y, rhottt, levels=np.linspace(-22, 22, 11), cmap='seismic')
print(' ', k1, ' density max (%): ', rhottt.max().max())
print(' ', k1, ' density min (%): ', rhottt.min().min())
if k1 is 'south':
#plt.axvline(15+37/60, 0, 1, c='k', ls='--')
utx = np.arange(0,25,6)
uts = [convert_mlt(19,dtime=dt.datetime(2003,2,23,k)) for k in utx%24]
[plt.text(k1, 13, '%.0f'%k2, horizontalalignment='center')\
for k1, k2 in zip(utx, uts)]
if k00==0:
plt.text(-0.2,1.08,'MLT',transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
if k1 is 'north':
#plt.axvline(5+25/60, 0, 1, c='k', ls='--')
utx = np.arange(0,25,6)
utn = [convert_mlt(170,dtime=dt.datetime(2003,2,23,k)) for k in utx%24]
[plt.text(k1, 13, '%.0f'%k2, horizontalalignment='center')\
for k1, k2 in zip(utx, utn)]
if k00==0:
plt.text(-0.2,1.08,'MLT',transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
plt.xlim(0, 24)
plt.xticks(np.arange(0, 25, 6))
plt.ylim(-0.001, 12.001)
plt.yticks(
np.arange(0.5, 12.5),
['', '', 3, '', '', 6, '', '', 9, '', '', 12])
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(6))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(2))
plt.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', direction='out', length=4)
plt.tick_params(
axis='y', which='major', direction='out', length=0, pad=6)
plt.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', direction='out', length=2)
plt.tick_params(
axis='y', which='minor', direction='out', length=3, width=1.2)
plt.text(
0.1, 0.82, '('+plb[k11+3, k00]+')',
bbox=dict(facecolor='grey', alpha=0.5),
transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
if k00 == 0:
plt.ylabel('Month')
if k11 == 1:
plt.xlabel('UT (hour)')
grid2.cbar_axes[k11].colorbar(hc, ticks=np.arange(-20,21,10))
grid2.cbar_axes[k11].set_ylabel(
(r'S' if k11==0 else 'N') +r', $\delta\rho$ (%)')
plt.savefig(
'/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/'
'Figures/002_Statistical_Results.pdf')
print('End of figure 2\n\n')
print('Begin figure 3')
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 2, sharex=True, sharey=True, figsize=(8, 4))
plt.subplots_adjust(
left=0.10, right=0.95, top=0.90, bottom=0.15, wspace=0.23, hspace=0.16)
plb = ['(a)', '(b)']
for k00, k0 in enumerate(['Solar Maximum', 'Solar Minimum']):
print(k0, ':')
rhot = rho[0][0] # away sectors, south pole
if 'max' in k0.lower():
rhott = rhot['2002-1-1':'2003-12-31'].copy()
print(' {:d} days'.format(len(np.unique(rhott.index.date))))
tit = 'Year: 2002-2003'
else:
rhott = rhot['2009-1-1':'2010-12-31'].copy()
print(' {:d} days'.format(len(np.unique(rhott.index.date))))
tit = 'Year: 2009-2010'
rhott = rhott[(rhott.index.month>=9) & (rhott.index.month<=10)].copy()
rhott['uthour'] = rhott.index.hour+0.5
rhottt = rhott.groupby(['uthour'])['rrho400'].agg(
[np.median, percentile(25), percentile(75)])
rhottt.columns = ['median', 'p25', 'p75']
plt.sca(ax[k00])
# Extend ut
rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[0]-1, :] = rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[-1], :]
rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[-2]+1, :] = rhottt.loc[rhottt.index[0], :]
rhottt = rhottt.sort_index(axis=0)
hp = plt.plot(rhottt.index, rhottt['median'], 'b')
print(' Density max (%): ', rhottt['median'].max())
print(' Density min (%): ', rhottt['median'].min())
plt.plot(
rhottt.index, rhottt.p25,'gray', rhottt.index, rhottt.p75,
'gray', linestyle='--')
plt.grid()
plt.xlim(0, 24)
plt.xticks(np.arange(0, 25, 6), [])
utx = np.arange(0,25,6)
uts = [convert_mlt(19,dtime=dt.datetime(2003,2,23,k)) for k in utx%24]
plt.text(-3.5, -34, 'UT')
[plt.text(k1, -34, '%.0f'%k1, horizontalalignment='center')
for k1 in utx]
plt.text(-3.5, -38, 'MLT')
[plt.text(k1, -38, '%.0f'%k2, horizontalalignment='center')
for k1, k2 in zip(utx, uts)]
plt.ylim(-30, 30)
plt.yticks(np.arange(-30, 31, 10))
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(6))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(5))
plt.tick_params(axis='both', which='major')
plt.tick_params(axis='both', which='minor')
if k00 == 0:
plt.ylabel(r'South, $\delta\rho$ (%)')
plt.title(tit)
plt.text(0.03, 0.91, plb[k00], transform=plt.gca().transAxes)
print('End of figure 3\n\n')
plt.savefig(
'/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/'
'Figures/003_Solar_Activity_Dependence.pdf')
print('Begin figure 4')
bdate = pd.Timestamp('2002-10-09')
edate = pd.Timestamp('2002-10-14')
print('Date range: ', bdate, '-->', edate)
rho = cg.ChampDensity(
bdate, edate,
variables=['rho400', 'lat3', 'Mlat', 'MLT'], satellite='grace')
rho['Dist_Cusp'] = 6371*np.arccos(
np.sin(rho['Mlat']/180*np.pi)*np.sin(-75/180*np.pi) +
np.cos(rho['Mlat']/180*np.pi)*np.cos(-75/180*np.pi) *
np.cos((rho['MLT']-12)/12*np.pi))
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(7.3, 4.8))
rho['rho400'] /= 1e-11
#plt.plot(rho.index, rho.rho400, 'gray', lw=1)
rhot = rho[rho.lat3==-90]
plt.plot(rhot['Dist_Cusp'], rhot['rho400'], '.k')
plt.xlim(0, 3500)
plt.ylim(0.2, 1.4)
plt.yticks(np.arange(0.2, 1.5, 0.2))
plt.xticks(np.arange(0,4000,500))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(5))
ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(2))
plt.grid()
plt.xlabel('Pole-Cusp Distance (km)')
plt.ylabel(r'$\rho$ ($10^{-11}$ kg/m$^3$)')
print('End of figure 4\n\n')
plt.savefig(
'/Users/guod/Documents/Pole_Density_MLT_Change/'
'Figures/001_02_Dist_Cusp.pdf')
return
