def execute(self):
"""provides a default behavior (to not modify the airfoil)"""
self.afOut = self.afIn
# create polar object
p = Polar(self.afIn.Re,
self.afIn.alpha,
self.afIn.cl,
self.afIn.cd,
self.afIn.cm)
if self.AR == 0.0:
AR = None
else:
AR = self.AR
# extrapolate polar
p_extrap = p.extrapolate(self.cdmax,
AR,
self.cdmin,
self.nalpha)
self.afOut.Re = p_extrap.Re
self.afOut.alpha = p_extrap.alpha
self.afOut.cl = p_extrap.cl
self.afOut.cd = p_extrap.cd
self.afOut.cm = p_extrap.cm
class TestExtrap(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
alpha = [-10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1, 2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2,
11.3, 12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 20.1]
cl = [-0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100, 0.0500, 0.3000,
0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500, 0.9900, 1.0100,
1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600]
cd = [0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116, 0.0144,
0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648, 0.0776,
0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186]
Re = 1
self.polar = Polar(Re, alpha, cl, cd)
def test_extrap1(self):
cdmax = 1.29
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100,
-90, -80, -70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2,
-6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1, 2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3,
12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 20.1,
30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140,
150, 160, 170, 180]
cl_extrap = [0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.4907, 0.5053, 0.4805, 0.4102,
0.2985, 0.1565, 0.0000, -0.1565, -0.2985, -0.4102,
-0.4805, -0.5053, -0.4907, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600,
-0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100, 0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400,
0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500, 0.9900, 1.0100,
1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600, 0.7010,
0.7219, 0.6864, 0.5860, 0.4264, 0.2235, 0.0000, -0.1565,
-0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053, -0.4907, -0.4597,
-0.2299, 0.0000]
cd_extrap = [0.1770, 0.2132, 0.3173, 0.4758, 0.6686, 0.8708, 1.0560,
1.1996, 1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560, 0.8708,
0.6686, 0.4758, 0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134,
0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116, 0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274,
0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648, 0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994,
0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.4758, 0.6686, 0.8708, 1.0560,
1.1996, 1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560, 0.8708,
0.6686, 0.4758, 0.3173, 0.2132, 0.1770]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
def test_extrap1_w_airfoil(self):
cdmax = 1.29
af = Airfoil([self.polar])
newaf = af.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
newpolar = newaf.polars[0]
alpha_extrap = [-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100,
-90, -80, -70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2,
-6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1, 2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3,
12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 20.1,
30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140,
150, 160, 170, 180]
cl_extrap = [0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.4907, 0.5053, 0.4805, 0.4102,
0.2985, 0.1565, 0.0000, -0.1565, -0.2985, -0.4102,
-0.4805, -0.5053, -0.4907, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600,
-0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100, 0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400,
0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500, 0.9900, 1.0100,
1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600, 0.7010,
0.7219, 0.6864, 0.5860, 0.4264, 0.2235, 0.0000, -0.1565,
-0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053, -0.4907, -0.4597,
-0.2299, 0.0000]
cd_extrap = [0.1770, 0.2132, 0.3173, 0.4758, 0.6686, 0.8708, 1.0560,
1.1996, 1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560, 0.8708,
0.6686, 0.4758, 0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134,
0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116, 0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274,
0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648, 0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994,
0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.4758, 0.6686, 0.8708, 1.0560,
1.1996, 1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560, 0.8708,
0.6686, 0.4758, 0.3173, 0.2132, 0.1770]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
def test_extrap2(self):
cdmax = 1.0
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100,
-90, -80, -70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2,
-6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1, 2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3,
12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 20.1,
30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140,
150, 160, 170, 180]
cl_extrap = [0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.4411, 0.4287, 0.3943, 0.3297,
0.2364, 0.1225, 0.0000, -0.1225, -0.2364, -0.3297,
-0.3943, -0.4287, -0.4411, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600,
-0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100, 0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400,
0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500, 0.9900, 1.0100,
1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600, 0.6302,
0.6124, 0.5633, 0.4710, 0.3378, 0.1750, 0.0000, -0.1225,
-0.2364, -0.3297, -0.3943, -0.4287, -0.4411, -0.4597,
-0.2299, 0.0000]
cd_extrap = [0.2135, 0.2404, 0.3176, 0.4349, 0.5767, 0.7241, 0.8568,
0.9560, 1.0069, 1.0000, 1.0069, 0.9560, 0.8568, 0.7241,
0.5767, 0.4349, 0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134,
0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116, 0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274,
0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648, 0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994,
0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.4349, 0.5767, 0.7241, 0.8568,
0.9560, 1.0069, 1.0000, 1.0069, 0.9560, 0.8568, 0.7241,
0.5767, 0.4349, 0.3176, 0.2404, 0.2135]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
def test_extrap3(self):
cdmax = 1.5
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100,
-90, -80, -70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2,
-6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1, 2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3,
12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 20.1,
30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140,
150, 160, 170, 180]
cl_extrap = [0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.5266, 0.5608, 0.5429, 0.4685,
0.3434, 0.1810, 0.0000, -0.1810, -0.3434, -0.4685,
-0.5429, -0.5608, -0.5266, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600,
-0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100, 0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400, 0.7900,
0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500, 0.9900, 1.0100, 1.0200,
1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600, 0.7523, 0.8012,
0.7756, 0.6693, 0.4906, 0.2586, 0.0000, -0.1810, -0.3434,
-0.4685, -0.5429, -0.5608, -0.5266, -0.4597, -0.2299,
0.0000]
cd_extrap = [0.1506, 0.1936, 0.3170, 0.5054, 0.7351, 0.9771, 1.2003,
1.3760, 1.4809, 1.5000, 1.4809, 1.3760, 1.2003, 0.9771,
0.7351, 0.5054, 0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134,
0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116, 0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274,
0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648, 0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994,
0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.5054, 0.7351, 0.9771, 1.2003,
1.3760, 1.4809, 1.5000, 1.4809, 1.3760, 1.2003, 0.9771,
0.7351, 0.5054, 0.3170, 0.1936, 0.1506]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
class TestExtrap(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
alpha = [
-10.1,
-8.2,
-6.1,
-4.1,
-2.1,
0.1,
2,
4.1,
6.2,
8.1,
10.2,
11.3,
12.1,
13.2,
14.2,
15.3,
16.3,
17.1,
18.1,
19.1,
20.1,
]
cl = [
-0.6300,
-0.5600,
-0.6400,
-0.4200,
-0.2100,
0.0500,
0.3000,
0.5400,
0.7900,
0.9000,
0.9300,
0.9200,
0.9500,
0.9900,
1.0100,
1.0200,
1.0000,
0.9400,
0.8500,
0.7000,
0.6600,
]
cd = [
0.0390,
0.0233,
0.0131,
0.0134,
0.0119,
0.0122,
0.0116,
0.0144,
0.0146,
0.0162,
0.0274,
0.0303,
0.0369,
0.0509,
0.0648,
0.0776,
0.0917,
0.0994,
0.2306,
0.3142,
0.3186,
]
cm = [
-0.0044,
-0.0051,
0.0018,
-0.0216,
-0.0282,
-0.0346,
-0.0405,
-0.0455,
-0.0507,
-0.0404,
-0.0321,
-0.0281,
-0.0284,
-0.0322,
-0.0361,
-0.0363,
-0.0393,
-0.0398,
-0.0983,
-0.1242,
-0.1155,
]
cm_zeros = np.zeros(len(cm))
Re = 1
self.polar = Polar(Re, alpha, cl, cd, cm)
self.polar2 = Polar(Re, alpha, cl, cd, cm_zeros)
def test_extrap1(self):
cdmax = 1.29
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [
-180,
-170,
-160,
-150,
-140,
-130,
-120,
-110,
-100,
-90,
-80,
-70,
-60,
-50,
-40,
-30,
-20,
-10.1,
-8.2,
-6.1,
-4.1,
-2.1,
0.1,
2,
4.1,
6.2,
8.1,
10.2,
11.3,
12.1,
13.2,
14.2,
15.3,
16.3,
17.1,
18.1,
19.1,
20.1,
30,
40,
50,
60,
70,
80,
90,
100,
110,
120,
130,
140,
150,
160,
170,
180,
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000,
0.2299,
0.4597,
0.4907,
0.5053,
0.4805,
0.4102,
0.2985,
0.1565,
0.0000,
-0.1565,
-0.2985,
-0.4102,
-0.4805,
-0.5053,
-0.4907,
-0.4637,
-0.6300,
-0.5600,
-0.6400,
-0.4200,
-0.2100,
0.0500,
0.3000,
0.5400,
0.7900,
0.9000,
0.9300,
0.9200,
0.9500,
0.9900,
1.0100,
1.0200,
1.0000,
0.9400,
0.8500,
0.7000,
0.6600,
0.7010,
0.7219,
0.6864,
0.5860,
0.4264,
0.2235,
0.0000,
-0.1565,
-0.2985,
-0.4102,
-0.4805,
-0.5053,
-0.4907,
-0.4597,
-0.2299,
0.0000,
]
cd_extrap = [
0.1770,
0.2132,
0.3173,
0.4758,
0.6686,
0.8708,
1.0560,
1.1996,
1.2818,
1.2900,
1.2818,
1.1996,
1.0560,
0.8708,
0.6686,
0.4758,
0.3158,
0.0390,
0.0233,
0.0131,
0.0134,
0.0119,
0.0122,
0.0116,
0.0144,
0.0146,
0.0162,
0.0274,
0.0303,
0.0369,
0.0509,
0.0648,
0.0776,
0.0917,
0.0994,
0.2306,
0.3142,
0.3186,
0.4758,
0.6686,
0.8708,
1.0560,
1.1996,
1.2818,
1.2900,
1.2818,
1.1996,
1.0560,
0.8708,
0.6686,
0.4758,
0.3173,
0.2132,
0.1770,
]
cm_extrap = [
0.0000,
0.4000,
0.2431,
0.2568,
0.2865,
0.3185,
0.3458,
0.3632,
0.3672,
0.3559,
0.3443,
0.3182,
0.2808,
0.2362,
0.1886,
0.1414,
0.0942,
-0.0044,
-0.0051,
0.0018,
-0.0216,
-0.0282,
-0.0346,
-0.0405,
-0.0455,
-0.0507,
-0.0404,
-0.0321,
-0.0281,
-0.0284,
-0.0322,
-0.0361,
-0.0363,
-0.0393,
-0.0398,
-0.0983,
-0.1242,
-0.1155,
-0.1710,
-0.2202,
-0.2637,
-0.3002,
-0.3284,
-0.3471,
-0.3559,
-0.3672,
-0.3632,
-0.3458,
-0.3185,
-0.2865,
-0.2568,
-0.2431,
-0.5000,
0.0000,
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
cm = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cm)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cm, cm_extrap, atol=5e-3)
def test_extrap1_w_airfoil(self):
cdmax = 1.29
af = Airfoil([self.polar2])
newaf = af.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
newpolar = newaf.polars[0]
alpha_extrap = [
-180,
-170,
-160,
-150,
-140,
-130,
-120,
-110,
-100,
-90,
-80,
-70,
-60,
-50,
-40,
-30,
-20,
-10.1,
-8.2,
-6.1,
-4.1,
-2.1,
0.1,
2,
4.1,
6.2,
8.1,
10.2,
11.3,
12.1,
13.2,
14.2,
15.3,
16.3,
17.1,
18.1,
19.1,
20.1,
30,
40,
50,
60,
70,
80,
90,
100,
110,
120,
130,
140,
150,
160,
170,
180,
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000,
0.2299,
0.4597,
0.4907,
0.5053,
0.4805,
0.4102,
0.2985,
0.1565,
0.0000,
-0.1565,
-0.2985,
-0.4102,
-0.4805,
-0.5053,
-0.4907,
-0.4637,
-0.6300,
-0.5600,
-0.6400,
-0.4200,
-0.2100,
0.0500,
0.3000,
0.5400,
0.7900,
0.9000,
0.9300,
0.9200,
0.9500,
0.9900,
1.0100,
1.0200,
1.0000,
0.9400,
0.8500,
0.7000,
0.6600,
0.7010,
0.7219,
0.6864,
0.5860,
0.4264,
0.2235,
0.0000,
-0.1565,
-0.2985,
-0.4102,
-0.4805,
-0.5053,
-0.4907,
-0.4597,
-0.2299,
0.0000,
]
cd_extrap = [
0.1770,
0.2132,
0.3173,
0.4758,
0.6686,
0.8708,
1.0560,
1.1996,
1.2818,
1.2900,
1.2818,
1.1996,
1.0560,
0.8708,
0.6686,
0.4758,
0.3158,
0.0390,
0.0233,
0.0131,
0.0134,
0.0119,
0.0122,
0.0116,
0.0144,
0.0146,
0.0162,
0.0274,
0.0303,
0.0369,
0.0509,
0.0648,
0.0776,
0.0917,
0.0994,
0.2306,
0.3142,
0.3186,
0.4758,
0.6686,
0.8708,
1.0560,
1.1996,
1.2818,
1.2900,
1.2818,
1.1996,
1.0560,
0.8708,
0.6686,
0.4758,
0.3173,
0.2132,
0.1770,
]
cm_extrap = np.linspace(0, 0, len(cd_extrap))
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
cm = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cm)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cm, cm_extrap, atol=5e-3)
def test_extrap2(self):
cdmax = 1.0
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [
-180,
-170,
-160,
-150,
-140,
-130,
-120,
-110,
-100,
-90,
-80,
-70,
-60,
-50,
-40,
-30,
-20,
-10.1,
-8.2,
-6.1,
-4.1,
-2.1,
0.1,
2,
4.1,
6.2,
8.1,
10.2,
11.3,
12.1,
13.2,
14.2,
15.3,
16.3,
17.1,
18.1,
19.1,
20.1,
30,
40,
50,
60,
70,
80,
90,
100,
110,
120,
130,
140,
150,
160,
170,
180,
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000,
0.2299,
0.4597,
0.4411,
0.4287,
0.3943,
0.3297,
0.2364,
0.1225,
0.0000,
-0.1225,
-0.2364,
-0.3297,
-0.3943,
-0.4287,
-0.4411,
-0.4637,
-0.6300,
-0.5600,
-0.6400,
-0.4200,
-0.2100,
0.0500,
0.3000,
0.5400,
0.7900,
0.9000,
0.9300,
0.9200,
0.9500,
0.9900,
1.0100,
1.0200,
1.0000,
0.9400,
0.8500,
0.7000,
0.6600,
0.6302,
0.6124,
0.5633,
0.4710,
0.3378,
0.1750,
0.0000,
-0.1225,
-0.2364,
-0.3297,
-0.3943,
-0.4287,
-0.4411,
-0.4597,
-0.2299,
0.0000,
]
cd_extrap = [
0.2135,
0.2404,
0.3176,
0.4349,
0.5767,
0.7241,
0.8568,
0.9560,
1.0069,
1.0000,
1.0069,
0.9560,
0.8568,
0.7241,
0.5767,
0.4349,
0.3158,
0.0390,
0.0233,
0.0131,
0.0134,
0.0119,
0.0122,
0.0116,
0.0144,
0.0146,
0.0162,
0.0274,
0.0303,
0.0369,
0.0509,
0.0648,
0.0776,
0.0917,
0.0994,
0.2306,
0.3142,
0.3186,
0.4349,
0.5767,
0.7241,
0.8568,
0.9560,
1.0069,
1.0000,
1.0069,
0.9560,
0.8568,
0.7241,
0.5767,
0.4349,
0.3176,
0.2404,
0.2135,
]
cm_extrap = [
0.0000,
0.4000,
0.2432,
0.2354,
0.2500,
0.2695,
0.2864,
0.2961,
0.2956,
0.2834,
0.2776,
0.2603,
0.2337,
0.2013,
0.1663,
0.1310,
0.0942,
-0.0044,
-0.0051,
0.0018,
-0.0216,
-0.0282,
-0.0346,
-0.0405,
-0.0455,
-0.0507,
-0.0404,
-0.0321,
-0.0281,
-0.0284,
-0.0322,
-0.0361,
-0.0363,
-0.0393,
-0.0398,
-0.0983,
-0.1242,
-0.1155,
-0.1577,
-0.1930,
-0.2239,
-0.2494,
-0.2683,
-0.2798,
-0.2834,
-0.2956,
-0.2961,
-0.2864,
-0.2695,
-0.2500,
-0.2354,
-0.2432,
-0.5000,
0.0000,
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
cm = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cm)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cm, cm_extrap, atol=5e-3)
def test_extrap3(self):
cdmax = 1.5
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [
-180,
-170,
-160,
-150,
-140,
-130,
-120,
-110,
-100,
-90,
-80,
-70,
-60,
-50,
-40,
-30,
-20,
-10.1,
-8.2,
-6.1,
-4.1,
-2.1,
0.1,
2,
4.1,
6.2,
8.1,
10.2,
11.3,
12.1,
13.2,
14.2,
15.3,
16.3,
17.1,
18.1,
19.1,
20.1,
30,
40,
50,
60,
70,
80,
90,
100,
110,
120,
130,
140,
150,
160,
170,
180,
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000,
0.2299,
0.4597,
0.5266,
0.5608,
0.5429,
0.4685,
0.3434,
0.1810,
0.0000,
-0.1810,
-0.3434,
-0.4685,
-0.5429,
-0.5608,
-0.5266,
-0.4637,
-0.6300,
-0.5600,
-0.6400,
-0.4200,
-0.2100,
0.0500,
0.3000,
0.5400,
0.7900,
0.9000,
0.9300,
0.9200,
0.9500,
0.9900,
1.0100,
1.0200,
1.0000,
0.9400,
0.8500,
0.7000,
0.6600,
0.7523,
0.8012,
0.7756,
0.6693,
0.4906,
0.2586,
0.0000,
-0.1810,
-0.3434,
-0.4685,
-0.5429,
-0.5608,
-0.5266,
-0.4597,
-0.2299,
0.0000,
]
cd_extrap = [
0.1506,
0.1936,
0.3170,
0.5054,
0.7351,
0.9771,
1.2003,
1.3760,
1.4809,
1.5000,
1.4809,
1.3760,
1.2003,
0.9771,
0.7351,
0.5054,
0.3158,
0.0390,
0.0233,
0.0131,
0.0134,
0.0119,
0.0122,
0.0116,
0.0144,
0.0146,
0.0162,
0.0274,
0.0303,
0.0369,
0.0509,
0.0648,
0.0776,
0.0917,
0.0994,
0.2306,
0.3142,
0.3186,
0.5054,
0.7351,
0.9771,
1.2003,
1.3760,
1.4809,
1.5000,
1.4809,
1.3760,
1.2003,
0.9771,
0.7351,
0.5054,
0.3170,
0.1936,
0.1506,
]
cm_extrap = [
0.0000,
0.4000,
0.2431,
0.2723,
0.3130,
0.3540,
0.3888,
0.4118,
0.4190,
0.4084,
0.3926,
0.3602,
0.3148,
0.2614,
0.2049,
0.1488,
0.0942,
-0.0044,
-0.0051,
0.0018,
-0.0216,
-0.0282,
-0.0346,
-0.0405,
-0.0455,
-0.0507,
-0.0404,
-0.0321,
-0.0281,
-0.0284,
-0.0322,
-0.0361,
-0.0363,
-0.0393,
-0.0398,
-0.0983,
-0.1242,
-0.1155,
-0.1807,
-0.2399,
-0.2925,
-0.3370,
-0.3719,
-0.3959,
-0.4084,
-0.4190,
-0.4118,
-0.3888,
-0.3540,
-0.3130,
-0.2723,
-0.2431,
-0.5000,
0.0000,
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
cm = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cm)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cm, cm_extrap, atol=5e-3)
class TestExtrap(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
alpha = [
-10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1, 2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3,
12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 20.1
]
cl = [
-0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100, 0.0500, 0.3000,
0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500, 0.9900, 1.0100,
1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600
]
cd = [
0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116, 0.0144,
0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648, 0.0776,
0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186
]
Re = 1
self.polar = Polar(Re, alpha, cl, cd)
def test_extrap1(self):
cdmax = 1.29
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [
-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100, -90, -80,
-70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1,
2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1,
18.1, 19.1, 20.1, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130,
140, 150, 160, 170, 180
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.4907, 0.5053, 0.4805, 0.4102, 0.2985,
0.1565, 0.0000, -0.1565, -0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053,
-0.4907, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100,
0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500,
0.9900, 1.0100, 1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600,
0.7010, 0.7219, 0.6864, 0.5860, 0.4264, 0.2235, 0.0000, -0.1565,
-0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053, -0.4907, -0.4597, -0.2299,
0.0000
]
cd_extrap = [
0.1770, 0.2132, 0.3173, 0.4758, 0.6686, 0.8708, 1.0560, 1.1996,
1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560, 0.8708, 0.6686, 0.4758,
0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116,
0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648,
0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.4758, 0.6686,
0.8708, 1.0560, 1.1996, 1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560,
0.8708, 0.6686, 0.4758, 0.3173, 0.2132, 0.1770
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
def test_extrap1_w_airfoil(self):
cdmax = 1.29
af = Airfoil([self.polar])
newaf = af.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
newpolar = newaf.polars[0]
alpha_extrap = [
-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100, -90, -80,
-70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1,
2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1,
18.1, 19.1, 20.1, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130,
140, 150, 160, 170, 180
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.4907, 0.5053, 0.4805, 0.4102, 0.2985,
0.1565, 0.0000, -0.1565, -0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053,
-0.4907, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100,
0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500,
0.9900, 1.0100, 1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600,
0.7010, 0.7219, 0.6864, 0.5860, 0.4264, 0.2235, 0.0000, -0.1565,
-0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053, -0.4907, -0.4597, -0.2299,
0.0000
]
cd_extrap = [
0.1770, 0.2132, 0.3173, 0.4758, 0.6686, 0.8708, 1.0560, 1.1996,
1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560, 0.8708, 0.6686, 0.4758,
0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116,
0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648,
0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.4758, 0.6686,
0.8708, 1.0560, 1.1996, 1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560,
0.8708, 0.6686, 0.4758, 0.3173, 0.2132, 0.1770
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
def test_extrap2(self):
cdmax = 1.0
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [
-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100, -90, -80,
-70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1,
2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1,
18.1, 19.1, 20.1, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130,
140, 150, 160, 170, 180
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.4411, 0.4287, 0.3943, 0.3297, 0.2364,
0.1225, 0.0000, -0.1225, -0.2364, -0.3297, -0.3943, -0.4287,
-0.4411, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100,
0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500,
0.9900, 1.0100, 1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600,
0.6302, 0.6124, 0.5633, 0.4710, 0.3378, 0.1750, 0.0000, -0.1225,
-0.2364, -0.3297, -0.3943, -0.4287, -0.4411, -0.4597, -0.2299,
0.0000
]
cd_extrap = [
0.2135, 0.2404, 0.3176, 0.4349, 0.5767, 0.7241, 0.8568, 0.9560,
1.0069, 1.0000, 1.0069, 0.9560, 0.8568, 0.7241, 0.5767, 0.4349,
0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116,
0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648,
0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.4349, 0.5767,
0.7241, 0.8568, 0.9560, 1.0069, 1.0000, 1.0069, 0.9560, 0.8568,
0.7241, 0.5767, 0.4349, 0.3176, 0.2404, 0.2135
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
def test_extrap3(self):
cdmax = 1.5
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [
-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100, -90, -80,
-70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1,
2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1,
18.1, 19.1, 20.1, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130,
140, 150, 160, 170, 180
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.5266, 0.5608, 0.5429, 0.4685, 0.3434,
0.1810, 0.0000, -0.1810, -0.3434, -0.4685, -0.5429, -0.5608,
-0.5266, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100,
0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500,
0.9900, 1.0100, 1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600,
0.7523, 0.8012, 0.7756, 0.6693, 0.4906, 0.2586, 0.0000, -0.1810,
-0.3434, -0.4685, -0.5429, -0.5608, -0.5266, -0.4597, -0.2299,
0.0000
]
cd_extrap = [
0.1506, 0.1936, 0.3170, 0.5054, 0.7351, 0.9771, 1.2003, 1.3760,
1.4809, 1.5000, 1.4809, 1.3760, 1.2003, 0.9771, 0.7351, 0.5054,
0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116,
0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648,
0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.5054, 0.7351,
0.9771, 1.2003, 1.3760, 1.4809, 1.5000, 1.4809, 1.3760, 1.2003,
0.9771, 0.7351, 0.5054, 0.3170, 0.1936, 0.1506
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
def solve_nonlinear(self, params, unknowns, resids):
# determine aspect ratio = (rotor radius / chord_75% radius)\
# if provided, cdmax is computed from AR'
bl = params['blade_length']
dr = params['rotor_diameter']
hr = 0.5 * dr - bl
rotor_radius = 0.5 * dr
chord = params['chord_st'] * bl
s = params['s_st']
r = (s * bl + hr) / rotor_radius
chord_75 = np.interp(0.75, r, chord)
AR = rotor_radius / chord_75
# write aerodyn files
af_name_base = 'cs_'
af_name_suffix = '_aerodyn'
tcs = params['cs_polars_tc']
n_cs_alpha = params['n_cs_alpha']
pol = params['cs_polars']
nmet = 0
# TODO: blend polars determined with different methods
for i, tc in enumerate(self.blend_var):
af_name = af_name_base + \
'%03d_%04d' % (i, tc * 1000) + af_name_suffix
re_polars = []
for nre, re in enumerate(self.res):
# create polar object
p = Polar(re,
pol[:n_cs_alpha[i, nre, nmet], 0, i, nre, nmet],
pol[:n_cs_alpha[i, nre, nmet], 1, i, nre, nmet],
pol[:n_cs_alpha[i, nre, nmet], 2, i, nre, nmet],
pol[:n_cs_alpha[i, nre, nmet], 3, i, nre, nmet])
# extrapolate polar
if tc < self.tc_max:
p_extrap = p.extrapolate(self.cdmax,
AR,
self.cdmin,
self.nalpha)
else:
p_extrap = p.extrapolate_as_cylinder()
p_extrap.useCM = self.useCM
re_polars.append(p_extrap)
# TODO: output as HAWC2/FAST format
# See if HAWC can take several af tables with different Re
# numbers
'''
unknowns['airfoildata:aoa%02d' % i] = p_extrap.alpha
unknowns['airfoildata:cl%02d' % i] = p_extrap.cl
unknowns['airfoildata:cd%02d' % i] = p_extrap.cd
unknowns['airfoildata:cm%02d' % i] = p_extrap.cm
'''
# create airfoil object
af = Airfoil(re_polars)
af.interpToCommonAlpha()
af.writeToAerodynFile(af_name + '.dat')
if self.plot_polars:
figs = af.plot(single_figure=True)
titles = ['cl', 'cd', 'cm']
for (fig, title) in zip(figs, titles):
fig.savefig(af_name + '_' + title + '.png', dpi=400)
fig.savefig(af_name + '_' + title + '.pdf')
self._get_unknowns(unknowns)
class TestExtrap(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
alpha = [
-10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1, 2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3,
12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 20.1
]
cl = [
-0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100, 0.0500, 0.3000,
0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500, 0.9900, 1.0100,
1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600
]
cd = [
0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116, 0.0144,
0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648, 0.0776,
0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186
]
cm = [
-0.0044, -0.0051, 0.0018, -0.0216, -0.0282, -0.0346, -0.0405,
-0.0455, -0.0507, -0.0404, -0.0321, -0.0281, -0.0284, -0.0322,
-0.0361, -0.0363, -0.0393, -0.0398, -0.0983, -0.1242, -0.1155
]
cm_zeros = np.zeros(len(cm))
Re = 1
self.polar = Polar(Re, alpha, cl, cd, cm)
self.polar2 = Polar(Re, alpha, cl, cd, cm_zeros)
def test_extrap1(self):
cdmax = 1.29
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [
-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100, -90, -80,
-70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1,
2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1,
18.1, 19.1, 20.1, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130,
140, 150, 160, 170, 180
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.4907, 0.5053, 0.4805, 0.4102, 0.2985,
0.1565, 0.0000, -0.1565, -0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053,
-0.4907, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100,
0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500,
0.9900, 1.0100, 1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600,
0.7010, 0.7219, 0.6864, 0.5860, 0.4264, 0.2235, 0.0000, -0.1565,
-0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053, -0.4907, -0.4597, -0.2299,
0.0000
]
cd_extrap = [
0.1770, 0.2132, 0.3173, 0.4758, 0.6686, 0.8708, 1.0560, 1.1996,
1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560, 0.8708, 0.6686, 0.4758,
0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116,
0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648,
0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.4758, 0.6686,
0.8708, 1.0560, 1.1996, 1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560,
0.8708, 0.6686, 0.4758, 0.3173, 0.2132, 0.1770
]
cm_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.4000, 0.2431, 0.2568, 0.2865, 0.3185, 0.3458, 0.3632,
0.3672, 0.3559, 0.3443, 0.3182, 0.2808, 0.2362, 0.1886, 0.1414,
0.0942, -0.0044, -0.0051, 0.0018, -0.0216, -0.0282, -0.0346,
-0.0405, -0.0455, -0.0507, -0.0404, -0.0321, -0.0281, -0.0284,
-0.0322, -0.0361, -0.0363, -0.0393, -0.0398, -0.0983, -0.1242,
-0.1155, -0.1710, -0.2202, -0.2637, -0.3002, -0.3284, -0.3471,
-0.3559, -0.3672, -0.3632, -0.3458, -0.3185, -0.2865, -0.2568,
-0.2431, -0.5000, 0.0000
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
cm = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cm)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cm, cm_extrap, atol=5e-3)
def test_extrap1_w_airfoil(self):
cdmax = 1.29
af = Airfoil([self.polar2])
newaf = af.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
newpolar = newaf.polars[0]
alpha_extrap = [
-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100, -90, -80,
-70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1,
2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1,
18.1, 19.1, 20.1, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130,
140, 150, 160, 170, 180
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.4907, 0.5053, 0.4805, 0.4102, 0.2985,
0.1565, 0.0000, -0.1565, -0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053,
-0.4907, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100,
0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500,
0.9900, 1.0100, 1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600,
0.7010, 0.7219, 0.6864, 0.5860, 0.4264, 0.2235, 0.0000, -0.1565,
-0.2985, -0.4102, -0.4805, -0.5053, -0.4907, -0.4597, -0.2299,
0.0000
]
cd_extrap = [
0.1770, 0.2132, 0.3173, 0.4758, 0.6686, 0.8708, 1.0560, 1.1996,
1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560, 0.8708, 0.6686, 0.4758,
0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116,
0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648,
0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.4758, 0.6686,
0.8708, 1.0560, 1.1996, 1.2818, 1.2900, 1.2818, 1.1996, 1.0560,
0.8708, 0.6686, 0.4758, 0.3173, 0.2132, 0.1770
]
cm_extrap = np.linspace(0, 0, len(cd_extrap))
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
cm = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cm)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cm, cm_extrap, atol=5e-3)
def test_extrap2(self):
cdmax = 1.0
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax=cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [
-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100, -90, -80,
-70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1,
2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1,
18.1, 19.1, 20.1, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130,
140, 150, 160, 170, 180
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.4411, 0.4287, 0.3943, 0.3297, 0.2364,
0.1225, 0.0000, -0.1225, -0.2364, -0.3297, -0.3943, -0.4287,
-0.4411, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100,
0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500,
0.9900, 1.0100, 1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600,
0.6302, 0.6124, 0.5633, 0.4710, 0.3378, 0.1750, 0.0000, -0.1225,
-0.2364, -0.3297, -0.3943, -0.4287, -0.4411, -0.4597, -0.2299,
0.0000
]
cd_extrap = [
0.2135, 0.2404, 0.3176, 0.4349, 0.5767, 0.7241, 0.8568, 0.9560,
1.0069, 1.0000, 1.0069, 0.9560, 0.8568, 0.7241, 0.5767, 0.4349,
0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116,
0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648,
0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.4349, 0.5767,
0.7241, 0.8568, 0.9560, 1.0069, 1.0000, 1.0069, 0.9560, 0.8568,
0.7241, 0.5767, 0.4349, 0.3176, 0.2404, 0.2135
]
cm_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.4000, 0.2432, 0.2354, 0.2500, 0.2695, 0.2864, 0.2961,
0.2956, 0.2834, 0.2776, 0.2603, 0.2337, 0.2013, 0.1663, 0.1310,
0.0942, -0.0044, -0.0051, 0.0018, -0.0216, -0.0282, -0.0346,
-0.0405, -0.0455, -0.0507, -0.0404, -0.0321, -0.0281, -0.0284,
-0.0322, -0.0361, -0.0363, -0.0393, -0.0398, -0.0983, -0.1242,
-0.1155, -0.1577, -0.1930, -0.2239, -0.2494, -0.2683, -0.2798,
-0.2834, -0.2956, -0.2961, -0.2864, -0.2695, -0.2500, -0.2354,
-0.2432, -0.5000, 0.0000
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
cm = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cm)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cm, cm_extrap, atol=5e-3)
def test_extrap3(self):
cdmax = 1.5
newpolar = self.polar.extrapolate(cdmax)
alpha_extrap = [
-180, -170, -160, -150, -140, -130, -120, -110, -100, -90, -80,
-70, -60, -50, -40, -30, -20, -10.1, -8.2, -6.1, -4.1, -2.1, 0.1,
2, 4.1, 6.2, 8.1, 10.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.3, 16.3, 17.1,
18.1, 19.1, 20.1, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130,
140, 150, 160, 170, 180
]
cl_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.2299, 0.4597, 0.5266, 0.5608, 0.5429, 0.4685, 0.3434,
0.1810, 0.0000, -0.1810, -0.3434, -0.4685, -0.5429, -0.5608,
-0.5266, -0.4637, -0.6300, -0.5600, -0.6400, -0.4200, -0.2100,
0.0500, 0.3000, 0.5400, 0.7900, 0.9000, 0.9300, 0.9200, 0.9500,
0.9900, 1.0100, 1.0200, 1.0000, 0.9400, 0.8500, 0.7000, 0.6600,
0.7523, 0.8012, 0.7756, 0.6693, 0.4906, 0.2586, 0.0000, -0.1810,
-0.3434, -0.4685, -0.5429, -0.5608, -0.5266, -0.4597, -0.2299,
0.0000
]
cd_extrap = [
0.1506, 0.1936, 0.3170, 0.5054, 0.7351, 0.9771, 1.2003, 1.3760,
1.4809, 1.5000, 1.4809, 1.3760, 1.2003, 0.9771, 0.7351, 0.5054,
0.3158, 0.0390, 0.0233, 0.0131, 0.0134, 0.0119, 0.0122, 0.0116,
0.0144, 0.0146, 0.0162, 0.0274, 0.0303, 0.0369, 0.0509, 0.0648,
0.0776, 0.0917, 0.0994, 0.2306, 0.3142, 0.3186, 0.5054, 0.7351,
0.9771, 1.2003, 1.3760, 1.4809, 1.5000, 1.4809, 1.3760, 1.2003,
0.9771, 0.7351, 0.5054, 0.3170, 0.1936, 0.1506
]
cm_extrap = [
0.0000, 0.4000, 0.2431, 0.2723, 0.3130, 0.3540, 0.3888, 0.4118,
0.4190, 0.4084, 0.3926, 0.3602, 0.3148, 0.2614, 0.2049, 0.1488,
0.0942, -0.0044, -0.0051, 0.0018, -0.0216, -0.0282, -0.0346,
-0.0405, -0.0455, -0.0507, -0.0404, -0.0321, -0.0281, -0.0284,
-0.0322, -0.0361, -0.0363, -0.0393, -0.0398, -0.0983, -0.1242,
-0.1155, -0.1807, -0.2399, -0.2925, -0.3370, -0.3719, -0.3959,
-0.4084, -0.4190, -0.4118, -0.3888, -0.3540, -0.3130, -0.2723,
-0.2431, -0.5000, 0.0000
]
# re-interpolate b/c angles of attack are different
cl = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cl)
cd = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cd)
cm = np.interp(alpha_extrap, newpolar.alpha, newpolar.cm)
# test equality
np.testing.assert_allclose(cl, cl_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cd, cd_extrap, atol=1.5e-4)
np.testing.assert_allclose(cm, cm_extrap, atol=5e-3)