class RegressionManager(object):
"""Encapsulates all regression capability into a single place"""
def __init__(self, root_name, modules, tests=None, seed=None, hooks=[]):
"""
Args:
modules (list): A list of Python module names to run
Kwargs
"""
self._queue = []
self._root_name = root_name
self._dut = None
self._modules = modules
self._functions = tests
self._running_test = None
self._cov = None
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.regression")
self._seed = seed
self._hooks = hooks
def initialise(self):
self.start_time = time.time()
self.test_results = []
self.ntests = 0
self.count = 1
self.skipped = 0
self.failures = 0
self.xunit = XUnitReporter()
suite_name = os.getenv('RESULT_TESTSUITE') if os.getenv(
'RESULT_TESTSUITE') else "all"
package_name = os.getenv('RESULT_TESTPACKAGE') if os.getenv(
'RESULT_TESTPACKAGE') else "all"
self.xunit.add_testsuite(name=suite_name,
tests=repr(self.ntests),
package=package_name)
if (self._seed is not None):
self.xunit.add_property(name="random_seed",
value=("%d" % self._seed))
if coverage is not None:
self.log.info("Enabling coverage collection of Python code")
self._cov = coverage.coverage(branch=True, omit=["*cocotb*"])
self._cov.start()
handle = simulator.get_root_handle(self._root_name)
self._dut = cocotb.handle.SimHandle(handle) if handle else None
if self._dut is None:
raise AttributeError("Can not find Root Handle (%s)" %
self._root_name)
# Auto discovery
for module_name in self._modules:
try:
self.log.debug("Python Path: " + ",".join(sys.path))
self.log.debug("PWD: " + os.getcwd())
module = _my_import(module_name)
except Exception as E:
self.log.critical("Failed to import module %s: %s",
module_name, E)
self.log.info("MODULE variable was \"%s\"",
".".join(self._modules))
self.log.info("Traceback: ")
self.log.info(traceback.format_exc())
raise
if self._functions:
# Specific functions specified, don't auto discover
for test in self._functions.rsplit(','):
if not hasattr(module, test):
raise AttributeError("Test %s doesn't exist in %s" %
(test, module_name))
self._queue.append(getattr(module, test)(self._dut))
self.ntests += 1
break
for thing in vars(module).values():
if hasattr(thing, "im_test"):
try:
test = thing(self._dut)
skip = test.skip
except TestError:
skip = True
self.log.warning("Failed to initialize test %s" %
thing.name)
if skip:
self.log.info("Skipping test %s" % thing.name)
self.xunit.add_testcase(name=thing.name,
classname=module_name,
time="0.0",
sim_time_ns="0.0",
ratio_time="0.0")
self.xunit.add_skipped()
self.skipped += 1
self._store_test_result(module_name, thing.name, None,
0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
else:
self._queue.append(test)
self.ntests += 1
self._queue.sort(key=lambda test: test.sort_name())
for valid_tests in self._queue:
self.log.info("Found test %s.%s" %
(valid_tests.module, valid_tests.funcname))
for module_name in self._hooks:
self.log.info("Loading hook from module '" + module_name + "'")
module = _my_import(module_name)
for thing in vars(module).values():
if hasattr(thing, "im_hook"):
try:
test = thing(self._dut)
except TestError:
self.log.warning("Failed to initialize hook %s" %
thing.name)
else:
cocotb.scheduler.add(test)
def tear_down(self):
"""It's the end of the world as we know it"""
if self.failures:
self.log.error("Failed %d out of %d tests (%d skipped)" %
(self.failures, self.count - 1, self.skipped))
else:
self.log.info("Passed %d tests (%d skipped)" %
(self.count - 1, self.skipped))
if self._cov:
self._cov.stop()
self.log.info("Writing coverage data")
self._cov.save()
self._cov.html_report()
if len(self.test_results) > 0:
self._log_test_summary()
self._log_sim_summary()
self.log.info("Shutting down...")
self.xunit.write()
simulator.stop_simulator()
def next_test(self):
"""Get the next test to run"""
if not self._queue:
return None
return self._queue.pop(0)
def _add_failure(self, result):
self.xunit.add_failure(
stdout=repr(str(result)),
stderr="\n".join(self._running_test.error_messages),
message="Test failed with random_seed={}".format(self._seed))
self.failures += 1
def handle_result(self, result):
"""Handle a test result
Dumps result to XML and schedules the next test (if any)
Args: result (TestComplete exception)
"""
real_time = time.time() - self._running_test.start_time
sim_time_ns = get_sim_time('ns') - self._running_test.start_sim_time
ratio_time = sim_time_ns / real_time
self.xunit.add_testcase(name=self._running_test.funcname,
classname=self._running_test.module,
time=repr(real_time),
sim_time_ns=repr(sim_time_ns),
ratio_time=repr(ratio_time))
running_test_funcname = self._running_test.funcname
# Helper for logging result
def _result_was():
result_was = ("%s (result was %s)" %
(running_test_funcname, result.__class__.__name__))
return result_was
result_pass = True
if (isinstance(result, TestSuccess)
and not self._running_test.expect_fail
and not self._running_test.expect_error):
self.log.info("Test Passed: %s" % running_test_funcname)
elif (isinstance(result, TestFailure)
and self._running_test.expect_fail):
self.log.info("Test failed as expected: " + _result_was())
elif (isinstance(result, TestSuccess)
and self._running_test.expect_error):
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected an error: " +
_result_was())
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
elif isinstance(result, TestSuccess):
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected a failure: " +
_result_was())
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
elif isinstance(result, TestError) and self._running_test.expect_error:
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
elif isinstance(result, SimFailure):
if self._running_test.expect_error:
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
else:
self.log.error("Test error has lead to simulator shutting us "
"down")
self._add_failure(result)
self._store_test_result(self._running_test.module,
self._running_test.funcname, False,
sim_time_ns, real_time, ratio_time)
self.tear_down()
return
else:
self.log.error("Test Failed: " + _result_was())
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
self._store_test_result(self._running_test.module,
self._running_test.funcname, result_pass,
sim_time_ns, real_time, ratio_time)
self.execute()
def execute(self):
self._running_test = cocotb.regression.next_test()
if self._running_test:
start = ''
end = ''
if self.log.colour:
start = ANSI.COLOR_TEST
end = ANSI.COLOR_DEFAULT
# Want this to stand out a little bit
self.log.info("%sRunning test %d/%d:%s %s" %
(start, self.count, self.ntests, end,
self._running_test.funcname))
if self.count is 1:
test = cocotb.scheduler.add(self._running_test)
else:
test = cocotb.scheduler.new_test(self._running_test)
self.count += 1
else:
self.tear_down()
def _log_test_summary(self):
TEST_FIELD = 'TEST'
RESULT_FIELD = 'PASS/FAIL'
SIM_FIELD = 'SIM TIME(NS)'
REAL_FIELD = 'REAL TIME(S)'
RATIO_FIELD = 'RATIO(NS/S)'
TEST_FIELD_LEN = max(
len(TEST_FIELD),
len(max([x['test'] for x in self.test_results], key=len)))
RESULT_FIELD_LEN = len(RESULT_FIELD)
SIM_FIELD_LEN = len(SIM_FIELD)
REAL_FIELD_LEN = len(REAL_FIELD)
RATIO_FIELD_LEN = len(RATIO_FIELD)
LINE_LEN = 3 + TEST_FIELD_LEN + 2 + RESULT_FIELD_LEN + 2 + SIM_FIELD_LEN + 2 + REAL_FIELD_LEN + 2 + RATIO_FIELD_LEN + 3
LINE_SEP = "*" * LINE_LEN + "\n"
summary = ""
summary += LINE_SEP
summary += "** {a:<{a_len}} {b:^{b_len}} {c:>{c_len}} {d:>{d_len}} {e:>{e_len}} **\n".format(
a=TEST_FIELD,
a_len=TEST_FIELD_LEN,
b=RESULT_FIELD,
b_len=RESULT_FIELD_LEN,
c=SIM_FIELD,
c_len=SIM_FIELD_LEN,
d=REAL_FIELD,
d_len=REAL_FIELD_LEN,
e=RATIO_FIELD,
e_len=RATIO_FIELD_LEN)
summary += LINE_SEP
for result in self.test_results:
hilite = ''
if result['pass'] is None:
pass_fail_str = "N/A"
elif result['pass']:
pass_fail_str = "PASS"
else:
pass_fail_str = "FAIL"
if self.log.colour:
hilite = ANSI.COLOR_HILITE_SUMMARY
summary += "{start}** {a:<{a_len}} {b:^{b_len}} {c:>{c_len}.2f} {d:>{d_len}.2f} {e:>{e_len}.2f} **\n".format(
a=result['test'],
a_len=TEST_FIELD_LEN,
b=pass_fail_str,
b_len=RESULT_FIELD_LEN,
c=result['sim'],
c_len=SIM_FIELD_LEN - 1,
d=result['real'],
d_len=REAL_FIELD_LEN - 1,
e=result['ratio'],
e_len=RATIO_FIELD_LEN - 1,
start=hilite)
summary += LINE_SEP
self.log.info(summary)
def _log_sim_summary(self):
real_time = time.time() - self.start_time
sim_time_ns = get_sim_time('ns')
ratio_time = sim_time_ns / real_time
summary = ""
summary += "*************************************************************************************\n"
summary += "** ERRORS : {0:<39}**\n".format(
self.failures)
summary += "*************************************************************************************\n"
summary += "** SIM TIME : {0:<39}**\n".format(
'{0:.2f} NS'.format(sim_time_ns))
summary += "** REAL TIME : {0:<39}**\n".format(
'{0:.2f} S'.format(real_time))
summary += "** SIM / REAL TIME : {0:<39}**\n".format(
'{0:.2f} NS/S'.format(ratio_time))
summary += "*************************************************************************************\n"
self.log.info(summary)
def _store_test_result(self, module_name, test_name, result_pass, sim_time,
real_time, ratio):
result = {
'test': '.'.join([module_name, test_name]),
'pass': result_pass,
'sim': sim_time,
'real': real_time,
'ratio': ratio
}
self.test_results.append(result)
class Scheduler(object):
"""The main scheduler.
Here we accept callbacks from the simulator and schedule the appropriate
coroutines.
A callback fires, causing the :any:`react` method to be called, with the
trigger that caused the callback as the first argument.
We look up a list of coroutines to schedule (indexed by the trigger) and
schedule them in turn. NB implementors should not depend on the scheduling
order!
Some additional management is required since coroutines can return a list
of triggers, to be scheduled when any one of the triggers fires. To
ensure we don't receive spurious callbacks, we have to un-prime all the
other triggers when any one fires.
Due to the simulator nuances and fun with delta delays we have the
following modes:
Normal mode
- Callbacks cause coroutines to be scheduled
- Any pending writes are cached and do not happen immediately
ReadOnly mode
- Corresponds to cbReadOnlySynch (VPI) or vhpiCbLastKnownDeltaCycle
(VHPI). In this state we are not allowed to perform writes.
Write mode
- Corresponds to cbReadWriteSynch (VPI) or vhpiCbEndOfProcesses (VHPI)
In this mode we play back all the cached write updates.
We can legally transition from normal->write by registering a ReadWrite
callback, however usually once a simulator has entered the ReadOnly phase
of a given timestep then we must move to a new timestep before performing
any writes. The mechanism for moving to a new timestep may not be
consistent across simulators and therefore we provide an abstraction to
assist with compatibility.
Unless a coroutine has explicitly requested to be scheduled in ReadOnly
mode (for example wanting to sample the finally settled value after all
delta delays) then it can reasonably be expected to be scheduled during
"normal mode" i.e. where writes are permitted.
"""
_MODE_NORMAL = 1 # noqa
_MODE_READONLY = 2 # noqa
_MODE_WRITE = 3 # noqa
_MODE_TERM = 4 # noqa
# Singleton events, recycled to avoid spurious object creation
_readonly = ReadOnly()
# TODO[gh-759]: For some reason, the scheduler requires that these triggers
# are _not_ the same instances used by the tests themselves. This is risky,
# because it can lead to them overwriting each other's callbacks. We should
# try to remove this `copy.copy` in future.
_next_timestep = copy.copy(NextTimeStep())
_readwrite = copy.copy(ReadWrite())
_timer1 = Timer(1)
_timer0 = Timer(0)
def __init__(self):
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.scheduler")
if _debug:
self.log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# A dictionary of pending coroutines for each trigger,
# indexed by trigger
self._trigger2coros = collections.defaultdict(list)
# A dictionary of pending triggers for each coroutine, indexed by coro
self._coro2triggers = collections.defaultdict(list)
# Our main state
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# A dictionary of pending writes
self._writes = {}
self._pending_coros = []
self._pending_callbacks = []
self._pending_triggers = []
self._pending_threads = []
self._pending_events = [] # Events we need to call set on once we've unwound
self._terminate = False
self._test_result = None
self._entrypoint = None
self._main_thread = threading.current_thread()
# Select the appropriate scheduling algorithm for this simulator
self.advance = self.default_scheduling_algorithm
self._is_reacting = False
def default_scheduling_algorithm(self):
"""
Decide whether we need to schedule our own triggers (if at all) in
order to progress to the next mode.
This algorithm has been tested against the following simulators:
Icarus Verilog
"""
if not self._terminate and self._writes:
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL:
if not self._readwrite.primed:
self._readwrite.prime(self.react)
elif not self._next_timestep.primed:
self._next_timestep.prime(self.react)
elif self._terminate:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Test terminating, scheduling Timer")
for t in self._trigger2coros:
t.unprime()
for t in [self._readwrite, self._readonly, self._next_timestep,
self._timer1, self._timer0]:
if t.primed:
t.unprime()
self._timer1.prime(self.begin_test)
self._trigger2coros = collections.defaultdict(list)
self._coro2triggers = collections.defaultdict(list)
self._terminate = False
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_TERM
def begin_test(self, trigger=None):
"""Called to initiate a test.
Could be called on start-up or from a callback.
"""
if _debug:
self.log.debug("begin_test called with trigger: %s" %
(str(trigger)))
if _profiling:
ps = pstats.Stats(_profile).sort_stats('cumulative')
ps.dump_stats("test_profile.pstat")
ctx = profiling_context()
else:
ctx = nullcontext()
with ctx:
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
if trigger is not None:
trigger.unprime()
# Issue previous test result, if there is one
if self._test_result is not None:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Issue test result to regression object")
cocotb.regression_manager.handle_result(self._test_result)
self._test_result = None
if self._entrypoint is not None:
test = self._entrypoint
self._entrypoint = None
self.schedule(test)
self.advance()
def react(self, trigger):
"""
Called when a trigger fires.
We ensure that we only start the event loop once, rather than
letting it recurse.
"""
if self._is_reacting:
# queue up the trigger, the event loop will get to it
self._pending_triggers.append(trigger)
return
# start the event loop
self._is_reacting = True
try:
self._event_loop(trigger)
finally:
self._is_reacting = False
def _event_loop(self, trigger):
"""
Run an event loop triggered by the given trigger.
The loop will keep running until no further triggers fire.
This should be triggered by only:
* The beginning of a test, when there is no trigger to react to
* A GPI trigger
"""
if _profiling:
ctx = profiling_context()
else:
ctx = nullcontext()
with ctx:
# When a trigger fires it is unprimed internally
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Trigger fired: %s" % str(trigger))
# trigger.unprime()
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_TERM:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Ignoring trigger %s since we're terminating" %
str(trigger))
return
if trigger is self._readonly:
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_READONLY
# Only GPI triggers affect the simulator scheduling mode
elif isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# We're the only source of ReadWrite triggers which are only used for
# playing back any cached signal updates
if trigger is self._readwrite:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Writing cached signal updates")
while self._writes:
handle, value = self._writes.popitem()
handle.setimmediatevalue(value)
self._readwrite.unprime()
return
# Similarly if we've scheduled our next_timestep on way to readwrite
if trigger is self._next_timestep:
if not self._writes:
self.log.error(
"Moved to next timestep without any pending writes!")
else:
self.log.debug(
"Priming ReadWrite trigger so we can playback writes")
self._readwrite.prime(self.react)
return
# work through triggers one by one
is_first = True
self._pending_triggers.append(trigger)
while self._pending_triggers:
trigger = self._pending_triggers.pop(0)
if not is_first and isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.log.warning(
"A GPI trigger occurred after entering react - this "
"should not happen."
)
assert False
# this only exists to enable the warning above
is_first = False
if trigger not in self._trigger2coros:
# GPI triggers should only be ever pending if there is an
# associated coroutine waiting on that trigger, otherwise it would
# have been unprimed already
if isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.log.critical(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
trigger.log.info("I'm the culprit")
# For Python triggers this isn't actually an error - we might do
# event.set() without knowing whether any coroutines are actually
# waiting on this event, for example
elif _debug:
self.log.debug(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
continue
# Scheduled coroutines may append to our waiting list so the first
# thing to do is pop all entries waiting on this trigger.
scheduling = self._trigger2coros.pop(trigger)
if _debug:
debugstr = "\n\t".join([coro.__name__ for coro in scheduling])
if len(scheduling):
debugstr = "\n\t" + debugstr
self.log.debug("%d pending coroutines for event %s%s" %
(len(scheduling), str(trigger), debugstr))
# This trigger isn't needed any more
trigger.unprime()
# If the coroutine was waiting on multiple triggers we may be able
# to unprime the other triggers that didn't fire
scheduling_set = set(scheduling)
other_triggers = {
t
for coro in scheduling
for t in self._coro2triggers[coro]
} - {trigger}
for pending in other_triggers:
# every coroutine waiting on this trigger is already being woken
if scheduling_set.issuperset(self._trigger2coros[pending]):
if pending.primed:
pending.unprime()
del self._trigger2coros[pending]
for coro in scheduling:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling coroutine %s" % (coro.__name__))
self.schedule(coro, trigger=trigger)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduled coroutine %s" % (coro.__name__))
# Schedule may have queued up some events so we'll burn through those
while self._pending_events:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling pending event %s" %
(str(self._pending_events[0])))
self._pending_events.pop(0).set()
# no more pending triggers
self.advance()
if _debug:
self.log.debug("All coroutines scheduled, handing control back"
" to simulator")
def unschedule(self, coro):
"""Unschedule a coroutine. Unprime any pending triggers"""
for trigger in self._coro2triggers[coro]:
if coro in self._trigger2coros[trigger]:
self._trigger2coros[trigger].remove(coro)
if not self._trigger2coros[trigger]:
trigger.unprime()
del self._trigger2coros[trigger]
del self._coro2triggers[coro]
if Join(coro) in self._trigger2coros:
self._pending_triggers.append(Join(coro))
else:
try:
# throws an error if the background coroutine errored
# and no one was monitoring it
coro.retval
except Exception as e:
self._test_result = TestError(
"Forked coroutine {} raised exception {}"
.format(coro, e)
)
self._terminate = True
def save_write(self, handle, value):
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_READONLY:
raise Exception("Write to object {0} was scheduled during a read-only sync phase.".format(handle._name))
self._writes[handle] = value
def _coroutine_yielded(self, coro, triggers):
"""Prime the triggers and update our internal mappings."""
self._coro2triggers[coro] = triggers
for trigger in triggers:
self._trigger2coros[trigger].append(coro)
if not trigger.primed:
try:
trigger.prime(self.react)
except Exception as e:
# Convert any exceptions into a test result
self.finish_test(
create_error(self, "Unable to prime trigger %s: %s" %
(str(trigger), str(e))))
def queue(self, coroutine):
"""Queue a coroutine for execution"""
self._pending_coros.append(coroutine)
def queue_function(self, coroutine):
"""Queue a coroutine for execution and move the containing thread
so that it does not block execution of the main thread any longer.
"""
# We should be able to find ourselves inside the _pending_threads list
for t in self._pending_threads:
if t.thread == threading.current_thread():
t.thread_suspend()
self._pending_coros.append(coroutine)
return t
def run_in_executor(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
"""Run the coroutine in a separate execution thread
and return a yieldable object for the caller.
"""
# Create a thread
# Create a trigger that is called as a result of the thread finishing
# Create an Event object that the caller can yield on
# Event object set when the thread finishes execution, this blocks the
# calling coroutine (but not the thread) until the external completes
def execute_external(func, _waiter):
_waiter._outcome = outcomes.capture(func, *args, **kwargs)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Execution of external routine done %s" % threading.current_thread())
_waiter.thread_done()
waiter = external_waiter()
thread = threading.Thread(group=None, target=execute_external,
name=func.__name__ + "_thread",
args=([func, waiter]), kwargs={})
waiter.thread = thread;
self._pending_threads.append(waiter)
return waiter
def add(self, coroutine):
"""Add a new coroutine.
Just a wrapper around self.schedule which provides some debug and
useful error messages in the event of common gotchas.
"""
if isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.coroutine):
self.log.critical(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
coroutine.log.error("This is the failing coroutine")
self.log.warning(
"Did you forget to add parentheses to the @test decorator?")
self._test_result = TestError(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self._terminate = True
return
elif not isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
self.log.critical(
"Attempt to add something to the scheduler which isn't a "
"coroutine")
self.log.warning(
"Got: %s (%s)" % (str(type(coroutine)), repr(coroutine)))
self.log.warning("Did you use the @coroutine decorator?")
self._test_result = TestError(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self._terminate = True
return
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Adding new coroutine %s" % coroutine.__name__)
self.schedule(coroutine)
self.advance()
return coroutine
def new_test(self, coroutine):
self._entrypoint = coroutine
def schedule(self, coroutine, trigger=None):
"""Schedule a coroutine by calling the send method.
Args:
coroutine (cocotb.decorators.coroutine): The coroutine to schedule.
trigger (cocotb.triggers.Trigger): The trigger that caused this
coroutine to be scheduled.
"""
if trigger is None:
send_outcome = outcomes.Value(None)
else:
send_outcome = trigger._outcome
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling with {}".format(send_outcome))
try:
result = coroutine._advance(send_outcome)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine %s yielded %s (mode %d)" %
(coroutine.__name__, str(result), self._mode))
# TestComplete indication is game over, tidy up
except TestComplete as test_result:
# Tag that close down is needed, save the test_result
# for later use in cleanup handler
self.log.debug("TestComplete received: %s" % test_result.__class__.__name__)
self.finish_test(test_result)
return
# Normal coroutine completion
except cocotb.decorators.CoroutineComplete as exc:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine completed: %s" % str(coroutine))
self.unschedule(coroutine)
return
# Don't handle the result if we're shutting down
if self._terminate:
return
# Queue current routine to schedule when the nested routine exits
yield_successful = False
if isinstance(result, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
if not result.has_started():
self.queue(result)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling nested coroutine: %s" %
result.__name__)
else:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Joining to already running coroutine: %s" %
result.__name__)
new_trigger = result.join()
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, [new_trigger])
yield_successful = True
elif isinstance(result, Trigger):
if _debug:
self.log.debug("%s: is instance of Trigger" % result)
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, [result])
yield_successful = True
# If we get a list, make sure it's a list of triggers or coroutines.
# For every coroutine, replace it with coroutine.join().
# This could probably be done more elegantly via list comprehension.
elif isinstance(result, list):
new_triggers = []
for listobj in result:
if isinstance(listobj, Trigger):
new_triggers.append(listobj)
elif isinstance(listobj, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling coroutine in list: %s" %
listobj.__name__)
if not listobj.has_started():
self.queue(listobj)
new_trigger = listobj.join()
new_triggers.append(new_trigger)
else:
# If we encounter something not a coroutine or trigger,
# set the success flag to False and break out of the loop.
yield_successful = False
break
# Make sure the lists are the same size. If they are not, it means
# it contained something not a trigger/coroutine, so do nothing.
if len(new_triggers) == len(result):
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, new_triggers)
yield_successful = True
# If we didn't successfully yield anything, thrown an error.
# Do it this way to make the logic in the list case simpler.
if not yield_successful:
msg = ("Coroutine %s yielded something the scheduler can't handle"
% str(coroutine))
msg += ("\nGot type: %s repr: %s str: %s" %
(type(result), repr(result), str(result)))
msg += "\nDid you forget to decorate with @cocotb.coroutine?"
try:
raise_error(self, msg)
except Exception as e:
self.finish_test(e)
# We do not return from here until pending threads have completed, but only
# from the main thread, this seems like it could be problematic in cases
# where a sim might change what this thread is.
def unblock_event(ext):
@cocotb.coroutine
def wrapper():
ext.event.set()
yield PythonTrigger()
if self._main_thread is threading.current_thread():
for ext in self._pending_threads:
ext.thread_start()
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Blocking from %s on %s" % (threading.current_thread(), ext.thread))
state = ext.thread_wait()
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Back from wait on self %s with newstate %d" % (threading.current_thread(), state))
if state == external_state.EXITED:
self._pending_threads.remove(ext)
self._pending_events.append(ext.event)
# Handle any newly queued coroutines that need to be scheduled
while self._pending_coros:
self.add(self._pending_coros.pop(0))
while self._pending_callbacks:
self._pending_callbacks.pop(0)()
def finish_test(self, test_result):
"""Cache the test result and set the terminate flag."""
self.log.debug("finish_test called with %s" % (repr(test_result)))
if not self._terminate:
self._terminate = True
self._test_result = test_result
self.cleanup()
def finish_scheduler(self, test_result):
"""Directly call into the regression manager and end test
once we return the sim will close us so no cleanup is needed.
"""
self.log.debug("Issue sim closedown result to regression object")
cocotb.regression_manager.handle_result(test_result)
def cleanup(self):
"""Clear up all our state.
Unprime all pending triggers and kill off any coroutines stop all externals.
"""
for trigger, waiting in dict(self._trigger2coros).items():
for coro in waiting:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Killing %s" % str(coro))
coro.kill()
if self._main_thread is not threading.current_thread():
raise Exception("Cleanup() called outside of the main thread")
for ext in self._pending_threads:
self.log.warn("Waiting for %s to exit", ext.thread)
class Scheduler(object):
"""
The main scheduler.
Here we accept callbacks from the simulator and schedule the appropriate
coroutines.
A callback fires, causing the `react`_ method to be called, with the
trigger that caused the callback as the first argument.
We look up a list of coroutines to schedule (indexed by the trigger) and
schedule them in turn. NB implementors should not depend on the scheduling
order!
Some additional management is required since coroutines can return a list
of triggers, to be scheduled when any one of the triggers fires. To
ensure we don't receive spurious callbacks, we have to un-prime all the
other triggers when any one fires.
Due to the simulator nuances and fun with delta delays we have the
following modes:
Normal mode
- Callbacks cause coroutines to be scheduled
- Any pending writes are cached and do not happen immediately
ReadOnly mode
- Corresponds to cbReadOnlySynch (VPI) or vhpiCbLastKnownDeltaCycle
(VHPI). In this state we are not allowed to perform writes.
Write mode
- Corresponds to cbReadWriteSynch (VPI) or vhpiCbEndOfProcesses (VHPI)
In this mode we play back all the cached write updates.
We can legally transition from normal->write by registering a ReadWrite
callback, however usually once a simulator has entered the ReadOnly phase
of a given timestep then we must move to a new timestep before performing
any writes. The mechanism for moving to a new timestep may not be
consistent across simulators and therefore we provide an abstraction to
assist with compatibility.
Unless a coroutine has explicitly requested to be scheduled in ReadOnly
mode (for example wanting to sample the finally settled value after all
delta delays) then it can reasonably be expected to be scheduled during
"normal mode" i.e. where writes are permitted.
"""
_MODE_NORMAL = 1 # noqa
_MODE_READONLY = 2 # noqa
_MODE_WRITE = 3 # noqa
_MODE_TERM = 4 # noqa
# Singleton events, recycled to avoid spurious object creation
_readonly = ReadOnly()
_next_timestep = _NextTimeStep()
_readwrite = _ReadWrite()
_timer1 = Timer(1)
_timer0 = Timer(0)
def __init__(self):
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.scheduler")
if _debug:
self.log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# A dictionary of pending coroutines for each trigger,
# indexed by trigger
self._trigger2coros = collections.defaultdict(list)
# A dictionary of pending triggers for each coroutine, indexed by coro
self._coro2triggers = collections.defaultdict(list)
# Our main state
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# A dictionary of pending writes
self._writes = {}
self._pending_coros = []
self._pending_callbacks = []
self._pending_triggers = []
self._terminate = False
self._test_result = None
self._entrypoint = None
# Select the appropriate scheduling algorithm for this simulator
self.advance = self.default_scheduling_algorithm
def default_scheduling_algorithm(self):
"""
Decide whether we need to schedule our own triggers (if at all) in
order to progress to the next mode.
This algorithm has been tested against the following simulators:
Icarus Verilog
"""
if not self._terminate and self._writes:
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL:
if not self._readwrite.primed:
self._readwrite.prime(self.react)
elif not self._next_timestep.primed:
self._next_timestep.prime(self.react)
elif self._terminate:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Test terminating, scheduling Timer")
for t in self._trigger2coros:
t.unprime()
for t in [self._readwrite, self._readonly, self._next_timestep,
self._timer1, self._timer0]:
if t.primed:
t.unprime()
self._timer1.prime(self.begin_test)
self._trigger2coros = collections.defaultdict(list)
self._coro2triggers = collections.defaultdict(list)
self._terminate = False
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_TERM
def begin_test(self, trigger=None):
"""
Called to initiate a test.
Could be called on start-up or from a callback
"""
if _debug:
self.log.debug("begin_test called with trigger: %s" %
(str(trigger)))
if _profiling:
ps = pstats.Stats(_profile).sort_stats('cumulative')
ps.dump_stats("test_profile.pstat")
_profile.enable()
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
if trigger is not None:
trigger.unprime()
# Issue previous test result, if there is one
if self._test_result is not None:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Issue test result to regresssion object")
cocotb.regression.handle_result(self._test_result)
self._test_result = None
if self._entrypoint is not None:
test = self._entrypoint
self._entrypoint = None
self.schedule(test)
self.advance()
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
def react(self, trigger, depth=0):
"""
React called when a trigger fires.
We find any coroutines that are waiting on the particular trigger and
schedule them.
"""
if _profiling and not depth:
_profile.enable()
# When a trigger fires it is unprimed internally
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Trigger fired: %s" % str(trigger))
# trigger.unprime()
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_TERM:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Ignoring trigger %s since we're terminating" %
str(trigger))
return
if trigger is self._readonly:
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_READONLY
# Only GPI triggers affect the simulator scheduling mode
elif isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# We're the only source of ReadWrite triggers which are only used for
# playing back any cached signal updates
if trigger is self._readwrite:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Writing cached signal updates")
while self._writes:
handle, value = self._writes.popitem()
handle.setimmediatevalue(value)
self._readwrite.unprime()
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
return
# Similarly if we've scheduled our next_timestep on way to readwrite
if trigger is self._next_timestep:
if not self._writes:
self.log.error(
"Moved to next timestep without any pending writes!")
else:
self.log.debug(
"Priming ReadWrite trigger so we can playback writes")
self._readwrite.prime(self.react)
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
return
if trigger not in self._trigger2coros:
# GPI triggers should only be ever pending if there is an
# associated coroutine waiting on that trigger, otherwise it would
# have been unprimed already
if isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.log.critical(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
trigger.log.info("I'm the culprit")
# For Python triggers this isn't actually an error - we might do
# event.set() without knowing whether any coroutines are actually
# waiting on this event, for example
elif _debug:
self.log.debug(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
return
# Scheduled coroutines may append to our waiting list so the first
# thing to do is pop all entries waiting on this trigger.
scheduling = self._trigger2coros.pop(trigger)
if _debug:
debugstr = "\n\t".join([coro.__name__ for coro in scheduling])
if len(scheduling):
debugstr = "\n\t" + debugstr
self.log.debug("%d pending coroutines for event %s%s" %
(len(scheduling), str(trigger), debugstr))
# If the coroutine was waiting on multiple triggers we may be able
# to unprime the other triggers that didn't fire
for coro in scheduling:
for pending in self._coro2triggers[coro]:
for others in self._trigger2coros[pending]:
if others not in scheduling:
break
else:
# if pending is not trigger and pending.primed:
# pending.unprime()
if pending.primed:
pending.unprime()
del self._trigger2coros[pending]
for coro in scheduling:
self.schedule(coro, trigger=trigger)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduled coroutine %s" % (coro.__name__))
while self._pending_triggers:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling pending trigger %s" %
(str(self._pending_triggers[0])))
self.react(self._pending_triggers.pop(0), depth=depth + 1)
# We only advance for GPI triggers
if not depth and isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.advance()
if _debug:
self.log.debug("All coroutines scheduled, handing control back"
" to simulator")
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
return
def unschedule(self, coro):
"""Unschedule a coroutine. Unprime any pending triggers"""
for trigger in self._coro2triggers[coro]:
if coro in self._trigger2coros[trigger]:
self._trigger2coros[trigger].remove(coro)
if not self._trigger2coros[trigger]:
trigger.unprime()
del self._coro2triggers[coro]
if coro._join in self._trigger2coros:
self._pending_triggers.append(coro._join)
# Remove references to allow GC to clean up
del coro._join
def save_write(self, handle, value):
self._writes[handle] = value
def _coroutine_yielded(self, coro, triggers):
"""
Prime the triggers and update our internal mappings
"""
self._coro2triggers[coro] = triggers
for trigger in triggers:
self._trigger2coros[trigger].append(coro)
if not trigger.primed:
try:
trigger.prime(self.react)
except Exception as e:
# Convert any exceptions into a test result
self.finish_test(
create_error(self, "Unable to prime trigger %s: %s" %
(str(trigger), str(e))))
def queue(self, coroutine):
"""Queue a coroutine for execution"""
self._pending_coros.append(coroutine)
def add(self, coroutine):
"""
Add a new coroutine.
Just a wrapper around self.schedule which provides some debug and
useful error mesages in the event of common gotchas
"""
if isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.coroutine):
self.log.critical(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
coroutine.log.error("This is the failing coroutine")
self.log.warning(
"Did you forget to add parentheses to the @test decorator?")
self._test_result = TestError(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self._terminate = True
return
elif not isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
self.log.critical(
"Attempt to add something to the scheduler which isn't a "
"coroutine")
self.log.warning(
"Got: %s (%s)" % (str(type(coroutine)), repr(coroutine)))
self.log.warning("Did you use the @coroutine decorator?")
self._test_result = TestError(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self._terminate = True
return
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Adding new coroutine %s" % coroutine.__name__)
self.schedule(coroutine)
self.advance()
return coroutine
def new_test(self, coroutine):
self._entrypoint = coroutine
def schedule(self, coroutine, trigger=None):
"""
Schedule a coroutine by calling the send method
Args:
coroutine (cocotb.decorators.coroutine): The coroutine to schedule
trigger (cocotb.triggers.Trigger): The trigger that caused this
coroutine to be scheduled
"""
if hasattr(trigger, "pass_retval"):
sendval = trigger.retval
if _debug:
coroutine.log.debug("Scheduling with ReturnValue(%s)" %
(repr(sendval)))
else:
sendval = trigger
if _debug:
coroutine.log.debug("Scheduling with %s" % str(trigger))
try:
result = coroutine.send(sendval)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine %s yielded %s (mode %d)" %
(coroutine.__name__, str(result), self._mode))
# TestComplete indication is game over, tidy up
except TestComplete as test_result:
# Tag that close down is needed, save the test_result
# for later use in cleanup handler
self.log.debug("TestComplete received: %s" % test_result.__class__.__name__)
self.finish_test(test_result)
return
# Normal co-routine completion
except cocotb.decorators.CoroutineComplete as exc:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine completed: %s" % str(coroutine))
self.unschedule(coroutine)
return
# Don't handle the result if we're shutting down
if self._terminate:
return
# Queue current routine to schedule when the nested routine exits
if isinstance(result, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling nested co-routine: %s" %
result.__name__)
self.queue(result)
new_trigger = result.join()
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, [new_trigger])
elif isinstance(result, Trigger):
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, [result])
elif (isinstance(result, list) and
not [t for t in result if not isinstance(t, Trigger)]):
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, result)
else:
msg = ("Coroutine %s yielded something the scheduler can't handle"
% str(coroutine))
msg += ("\nGot type: %s repr: %s str: %s" %
(type(result), repr(result), str(result)))
msg += "\nDid you forget to decorate with @cocotb.coroutine?"
try:
raise_error(self, msg)
except Exception as e:
self.finish_test(e)
# Handle any newly queued coroutines that need to be scheduled
while self._pending_coros:
self.add(self._pending_coros.pop(0))
while self._pending_callbacks:
self._pending_callbacks.pop(0)()
def finish_test(self, test_result):
"""Cache the test result and set the terminate flag"""
self.log.debug("finish_test called with %s" % (repr(test_result)))
if not self._terminate:
self._terminate = True
self._test_result = test_result
self.cleanup()
def finish_scheduler(self, test_result):
"""Directly call into the regression manager and end test
once we return the sim will close us so no cleanup is needed"""
self.log.debug("Issue sim closedown result to regresssion object")
cocotb.regression.handle_result(test_result)
def cleanup(self):
"""
Clear up all our state
Unprime all pending triggers and kill off any coroutines
"""
for trigger, waiting in self._trigger2coros.items():
for coro in waiting:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Killing %s" % str(coro))
coro.kill()
class RegressionManager(object):
"""Encapsulates all regression capability into a single place"""
def __init__(self, root_name, modules, tests=None, seed=None, hooks=[]):
"""
Args:
root_name (str): The name of the root handle.
modules (list): A list of Python module names to run.
tests (list, optional): A list of tests to run.
Defaults to ``None``, meaning all discovered tests will be run.
seed (int, optional): The seed for the random number generator to use.
Defaults to ``None``.
hooks (list, optional): A list of hook modules to import.
Defaults to the empty list.
"""
self._queue = []
self._root_name = root_name
self._dut = None
self._modules = modules
self._functions = tests
self._running_test = None
self._cov = None
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.regression")
self._seed = seed
self._hooks = hooks
def initialise(self):
self.start_time = time.time()
self.test_results = []
self.ntests = 0
self.count = 1
self.skipped = 0
self.failures = 0
results_filename = os.getenv('COCOTB_RESULTS_FILE', "results.xml")
suite_name = os.getenv('RESULT_TESTSUITE', "all")
package_name = os.getenv('RESULT_TESTPACKAGE', "all")
self.xunit = XUnitReporter(filename=results_filename)
self.xunit.add_testsuite(name=suite_name,
tests=repr(self.ntests),
package=package_name)
if (self._seed is not None):
self.xunit.add_property(name="random_seed",
value=("%d" % self._seed))
if coverage is not None:
self.log.info("Enabling coverage collection of Python code")
self._cov = coverage.coverage(branch=True, omit=["*cocotb*"])
self._cov.start()
handle = simulator.get_root_handle(self._root_name)
self._dut = cocotb.handle.SimHandle(handle) if handle else None
if self._dut is None:
raise AttributeError("Can not find Root Handle (%s)" %
self._root_name)
# Auto discovery
for module_name in self._modules:
try:
self.log.debug("Python Path: " + ",".join(sys.path))
self.log.debug("PWD: " + os.getcwd())
module = _my_import(module_name)
except Exception as E:
self.log.critical("Failed to import module %s: %s",
module_name, E)
self.log.info("MODULE variable was \"%s\"",
".".join(self._modules))
self.log.info("Traceback: ")
self.log.info(traceback.format_exc())
raise
if self._functions:
# Specific functions specified, don't auto discover
for test in self._functions.rsplit(','):
try:
_test = getattr(module, test)
except AttributeError:
self.log.error(
"Requested test %s wasn't found in module %s",
test, module_name)
err = AttributeError("Test %s doesn't exist in %s" %
(test, module_name))
_py_compat.raise_from(err,
None) # discard nested traceback
if not hasattr(_test, "im_test"):
self.log.error(
"Requested %s from module %s isn't a cocotb.test decorated coroutine",
test, module_name)
raise ImportError("Failed to find requested test %s" %
test)
self._queue.append(_test(self._dut))
self.ntests += 1
break
for thing in vars(module).values():
if hasattr(thing, "im_test"):
try:
test = thing(self._dut)
skip = test.skip
except Exception:
skip = True
self.log.warning("Failed to initialize test %s" %
thing.name,
exc_info=True)
if skip:
self.log.info("Skipping test %s" % thing.name)
self.xunit.add_testcase(name=thing.name,
classname=module_name,
time="0.0",
sim_time_ns="0.0",
ratio_time="0.0")
self.xunit.add_skipped()
self.skipped += 1
self._store_test_result(module_name, thing.name, None,
0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
else:
self._queue.append(test)
self.ntests += 1
self._queue.sort(key=lambda test: test.sort_name())
for valid_tests in self._queue:
self.log.info("Found test %s.%s" %
(valid_tests.module, valid_tests.funcname))
for module_name in self._hooks:
self.log.info("Loading hook from module '" + module_name + "'")
module = _my_import(module_name)
for thing in vars(module).values():
if hasattr(thing, "im_hook"):
try:
test = thing(self._dut)
except Exception:
self.log.warning("Failed to initialize hook %s" %
thing.name,
exc_info=True)
else:
cocotb.scheduler.add(test)
def tear_down(self):
"""It's the end of the world as we know it"""
if self.failures:
self.log.error("Failed %d out of %d tests (%d skipped)" %
(self.failures, self.count - 1, self.skipped))
else:
self.log.info("Passed %d tests (%d skipped)" %
(self.count - 1, self.skipped))
if self._cov:
self._cov.stop()
self.log.info("Writing coverage data")
self._cov.save()
self._cov.html_report()
if len(self.test_results) > 0:
self._log_test_summary()
self._log_sim_summary()
self.log.info("Shutting down...")
self.xunit.write()
simulator.stop_simulator()
def next_test(self):
"""Get the next test to run"""
if not self._queue:
return None
return self._queue.pop(0)
def _add_failure(self, result):
self.xunit.add_failure(
stdout=repr(str(result)),
stderr="\n".join(self._running_test.error_messages),
message="Test failed with random_seed={}".format(self._seed))
self.failures += 1
def handle_result(self, test):
"""Handle a test completing.
Dump result to XML and schedule the next test (if any).
Args:
test: The test that completed
"""
assert test is self._running_test
real_time = time.time() - test.start_time
sim_time_ns = get_sim_time('ns') - test.start_sim_time
ratio_time = self._safe_divide(sim_time_ns, real_time)
self.xunit.add_testcase(name=test.funcname,
classname=test.module,
time=repr(real_time),
sim_time_ns=repr(sim_time_ns),
ratio_time=repr(ratio_time))
# Helper for logging result
def _result_was():
result_was = ("{} (result was {})".format(
test.funcname, result.__class__.__name__))
return result_was
result_pass = True
# check what exception the test threw
try:
test._outcome.get()
except Exception as e:
if sys.version_info >= (3, 5):
result = remove_traceback_frames(e, ['handle_result', 'get'])
# newer versions of the `logging` module accept plain exception objects
exc_info = result
elif sys.version_info >= (3, ):
result = remove_traceback_frames(e, ['handle_result', 'get'])
# newer versions of python have Exception.__traceback__
exc_info = (type(result), result, result.__traceback__)
else:
# Python 2
result = e
exc_info = remove_traceback_frames(sys.exc_info(),
['handle_result', 'get'])
else:
result = TestSuccess()
if (isinstance(result, TestSuccess) and not test.expect_fail
and not test.expect_error):
self.log.info("Test Passed: %s" % test.funcname)
elif (isinstance(result, AssertionError) and test.expect_fail):
self.log.info("Test failed as expected: " + _result_was())
elif (isinstance(result, TestSuccess) and test.expect_error):
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected an error: " +
_result_was())
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
elif isinstance(result, TestSuccess):
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected a failure: " +
_result_was())
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
elif isinstance(result, SimFailure):
if isinstance(result, test.expect_error):
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
else:
self.log.error(
"Test error has lead to simulator shutting us "
"down",
exc_info=exc_info)
self._add_failure(result)
self._store_test_result(test.module, test.funcname, False,
sim_time_ns, real_time, ratio_time)
self.tear_down()
return
elif test.expect_error:
if isinstance(result, test.expect_error):
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
else:
self.log.info("Test errored with unexpected type: " +
_result_was())
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
else:
self.log.error("Test Failed: " + _result_was(), exc_info=exc_info)
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
self._store_test_result(test.module, test.funcname, result_pass,
sim_time_ns, real_time, ratio_time)
self.execute()
def execute(self):
self._running_test = cocotb.regression_manager.next_test()
if self._running_test:
start = ''
end = ''
if want_color_output():
start = ANSI.COLOR_TEST
end = ANSI.COLOR_DEFAULT
# Want this to stand out a little bit
self.log.info("%sRunning test %d/%d:%s %s" %
(start, self.count, self.ntests, end,
self._running_test.funcname))
cocotb.scheduler.add_test(self._running_test)
self.count += 1
else:
self.tear_down()
def _log_test_summary(self):
TEST_FIELD = 'TEST'
RESULT_FIELD = 'PASS/FAIL'
SIM_FIELD = 'SIM TIME(NS)'
REAL_FIELD = 'REAL TIME(S)'
RATIO_FIELD = 'RATIO(NS/S)'
TEST_FIELD_LEN = max(
len(TEST_FIELD),
len(max([x['test'] for x in self.test_results], key=len)))
RESULT_FIELD_LEN = len(RESULT_FIELD)
SIM_FIELD_LEN = len(SIM_FIELD)
REAL_FIELD_LEN = len(REAL_FIELD)
RATIO_FIELD_LEN = len(RATIO_FIELD)
LINE_LEN = 3 + TEST_FIELD_LEN + 2 + RESULT_FIELD_LEN + 2 + SIM_FIELD_LEN + 2 + REAL_FIELD_LEN + 2 + RATIO_FIELD_LEN + 3
LINE_SEP = "*" * LINE_LEN + "\n"
summary = ""
summary += LINE_SEP
summary += "** {a:<{a_len}} {b:^{b_len}} {c:>{c_len}} {d:>{d_len}} {e:>{e_len}} **\n".format(
a=TEST_FIELD,
a_len=TEST_FIELD_LEN,
b=RESULT_FIELD,
b_len=RESULT_FIELD_LEN,
c=SIM_FIELD,
c_len=SIM_FIELD_LEN,
d=REAL_FIELD,
d_len=REAL_FIELD_LEN,
e=RATIO_FIELD,
e_len=RATIO_FIELD_LEN)
summary += LINE_SEP
for result in self.test_results:
hilite = ''
if result['pass'] is None:
pass_fail_str = "N/A"
elif result['pass']:
pass_fail_str = "PASS"
else:
pass_fail_str = "FAIL"
if want_color_output():
hilite = ANSI.COLOR_HILITE_SUMMARY
summary += "{start}** {a:<{a_len}} {b:^{b_len}} {c:>{c_len}.2f} {d:>{d_len}.2f} {e:>{e_len}.2f} **\n".format(
a=result['test'],
a_len=TEST_FIELD_LEN,
b=pass_fail_str,
b_len=RESULT_FIELD_LEN,
c=result['sim'],
c_len=SIM_FIELD_LEN - 1,
d=result['real'],
d_len=REAL_FIELD_LEN - 1,
e=result['ratio'],
e_len=RATIO_FIELD_LEN - 1,
start=hilite)
summary += LINE_SEP
self.log.info(summary)
def _log_sim_summary(self):
real_time = time.time() - self.start_time
sim_time_ns = get_sim_time('ns')
ratio_time = self._safe_divide(sim_time_ns, real_time)
summary = ""
summary += "*************************************************************************************\n"
summary += "** ERRORS : {0:<39}**\n".format(
self.failures)
summary += "*************************************************************************************\n"
summary += "** SIM TIME : {0:<39}**\n".format(
'{0:.2f} NS'.format(sim_time_ns))
summary += "** REAL TIME : {0:<39}**\n".format(
'{0:.2f} S'.format(real_time))
summary += "** SIM / REAL TIME : {0:<39}**\n".format(
'{0:.2f} NS/S'.format(ratio_time))
summary += "*************************************************************************************\n"
self.log.info(summary)
@staticmethod
def _safe_divide(a, b):
try:
return a / b
except ZeroDivisionError:
if a == 0:
return float('nan')
else:
return float('inf')
def _store_test_result(self, module_name, test_name, result_pass, sim_time,
real_time, ratio):
result = {
'test': '.'.join([module_name, test_name]),
'pass': result_pass,
'sim': sim_time,
'real': real_time,
'ratio': ratio
}
self.test_results.append(result)
class RegressionManager(object):
"""Encapsulates all regression capability into a single place"""
def __init__(self, root_name, modules, tests=None, seed=None, hooks=[]):
"""
Args:
modules (list): A list of python module names to run
Kwargs
"""
self._queue = []
self._root_name = root_name
self._dut = None
self._modules = modules
self._functions = tests
self._running_test = None
self._cov = None
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.regression")
self._seed = seed
self._hooks = hooks
def initialise(self):
try:
self._initialise()
except Exception as e:
import traceback
self.log.error(traceback.format_exc())
raise
def _initialise(self):
self.start_time = time.time()
self.test_results = []
self.ntests = 0
self.count = 1
self.skipped = 0
self.failures = 0
self.xunit = XUnitReporter()
suite_name = os.getenv('RESULT_TESTSUITE') if os.getenv('RESULT_TESTSUITE') else "all"
package_name = os.getenv('RESULT_TESTPACKAGE') if os.getenv('RESULT_TESTPACKAGE') else "all"
self.xunit.add_testsuite(name=suite_name, tests=repr(self.ntests),
package=package_name)
if (self._seed is not None):
self.xunit.add_property(name="random_seed", value=("%d"%self._seed))
if coverage is not None:
self.log.info("Enabling coverage collection of Python code")
self._cov = coverage.coverage(branch=True, omit=["*cocotb*"])
self._cov.start()
handle = simulator.get_root_handle(self._root_name)
self._dut = cocotb.handle.SimHandle(handle) if handle else None
if self._dut is None:
raise AttributeError("Can not find Root Handle (%s)" %
self._root_name)
# Auto discovery
for module_name in self._modules:
try:
self.log.debug("Python Path: " + ",".join(sys.path))
self.log.debug("PWD: " + os.getcwd())
module = _my_import(module_name)
except Exception as E:
self.log.critical("Failed to import module %s: %s", module_name, E)
self.log.info("MODULE variable was \"%s\"", ".".join(self._modules))
self.log.info("Traceback: ")
self.log.info(traceback.format_exc())
raise
if self._functions:
# Specific functions specified, don't auto discover
for test in self._functions.rsplit(','):
if not hasattr(module, test):
raise AttributeError("Test %s doesn't exist in %s" %
(test, module_name))
self._queue.append(getattr(module, test)(self._dut))
self.ntests += 1
break
for thing in vars(module).values():
if hasattr(thing, "im_test"):
try:
test = thing(self._dut)
skip = test.skip
except TestError:
skip = True
self.log.warning("Failed to initialise test %s" %
thing.name)
if skip:
self.log.info("Skipping test %s" % thing.name)
self.xunit.add_testcase(name=thing.name,
classname=module_name,
time="0.0",
sim_time_ns="0.0",
ratio_time="0.0")
self.xunit.add_skipped()
self.skipped += 1
self._store_test_result(module_name, thing.name, None, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
else:
self._queue.append(test)
self.ntests += 1
self._queue.sort(key=lambda test: "%s.%s" %
(test.module, test.funcname))
for valid_tests in self._queue:
self.log.info("Found test %s.%s" %
(valid_tests.module,
valid_tests.funcname))
for module_name in self._hooks:
self.log.info("Loading hook from module '"+module_name+"'")
module = _my_import(module_name)
for thing in vars(module).values():
if hasattr(thing, "im_hook"):
try:
test = thing(self._dut)
except TestError:
self.log.warning("Failed to initialize hook %s" % thing.name)
else:
cocotb.scheduler.add(test)
def tear_down(self):
"""It's the end of the world as we know it"""
if self.failures:
self.log.error("Failed %d out of %d tests (%d skipped)" %
(self.failures, self.count - 1, self.skipped))
else:
self.log.info("Passed %d tests (%d skipped)" %
(self.count - 1, self.skipped))
if self._cov:
self._cov.stop()
self.log.info("Writing coverage data")
self._cov.save()
self._cov.html_report()
self._log_test_summary()
self._log_sim_summary()
self.log.info("Shutting down...")
self.xunit.write()
simulator.stop_simulator()
def next_test(self):
"""Get the next test to run"""
if not self._queue:
return None
return self._queue.pop(0)
def _add_failure(self, result):
self.xunit.add_failure(stdout=repr(str(result)),
stderr="\n".join(self._running_test.error_messages),
message="Test failed with random_seed={}".format(self._seed))
self.failures += 1
def handle_result(self, result):
"""Handle a test result
Dumps result to XML and schedules the next test (if any)
Args: result (TestComplete exception)
"""
real_time = time.time() - self._running_test.start_time
sim_time_ns = get_sim_time('ns') - self._running_test.start_sim_time
ratio_time = sim_time_ns / real_time
self.xunit.add_testcase(name=self._running_test.funcname,
classname=self._running_test.module,
time=repr(real_time),
sim_time_ns=repr(sim_time_ns),
ratio_time=repr(ratio_time))
running_test_funcname = self._running_test.funcname
# Helper for logging result
def _result_was():
result_was = ("%s (result was %s)" %
(running_test_funcname, result.__class__.__name__))
return result_was
result_pass = True
if (isinstance(result, TestSuccess) and
not self._running_test.expect_fail and
not self._running_test.expect_error):
self.log.info("Test Passed: %s" % running_test_funcname)
elif (isinstance(result, TestFailure) and
self._running_test.expect_fail):
self.log.info("Test failed as expected: " + _result_was())
elif (isinstance(result, TestSuccess) and
self._running_test.expect_error):
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected an error: " +
_result_was())
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
elif isinstance(result, TestSuccess):
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected a failure: " +
_result_was())
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
elif isinstance(result, TestError) and self._running_test.expect_error:
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
elif isinstance(result, SimFailure):
if self._running_test.expect_error:
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
else:
self.log.error("Test error has lead to simulator shuttting us "
"down")
self._add_failure(result)
self._store_test_result(self._running_test.module, self._running_test.funcname, False, sim_time_ns, real_time, ratio_time)
self.tear_down()
return
else:
self.log.error("Test Failed: " + _result_was())
self._add_failure(result)
result_pass = False
self._store_test_result(self._running_test.module, self._running_test.funcname, result_pass, sim_time_ns, real_time, ratio_time)
self.execute()
def execute(self):
self._running_test = cocotb.regression.next_test()
if self._running_test:
start = ''
end = ''
if self.log.colour:
start = ANSI.BLUE_BG + ANSI.BLACK_FG
end = ANSI.DEFAULT
# Want this to stand out a little bit
self.log.info("%sRunning test %d/%d:%s %s" %
(start,
self.count, self.ntests,
end,
self._running_test.funcname))
if self.count is 1:
test = cocotb.scheduler.add(self._running_test)
else:
test = cocotb.scheduler.new_test(self._running_test)
self.count += 1
else:
self.tear_down()
def _log_test_summary(self):
TEST_FIELD = 'TEST'
RESULT_FIELD = 'PASS/FAIL'
SIM_FIELD = 'SIM TIME(NS)'
REAL_FIELD = 'REAL TIME(S)'
RATIO_FIELD = 'RATIO(NS/S)'
TEST_FIELD_LEN = max(len(TEST_FIELD),len(max([x['test'] for x in self.test_results],key=len)))
RESULT_FIELD_LEN = len(RESULT_FIELD)
SIM_FIELD_LEN = len(SIM_FIELD)
REAL_FIELD_LEN = len(REAL_FIELD)
RATIO_FIELD_LEN = len(RATIO_FIELD)
LINE_LEN = 3 + TEST_FIELD_LEN + 2 + RESULT_FIELD_LEN + 2 + SIM_FIELD_LEN + 2 + REAL_FIELD_LEN + 2 + RATIO_FIELD_LEN + 3
LINE_SEP = "*"*LINE_LEN+"\n"
summary = ""
summary += LINE_SEP
summary += "** {a:<{a_len}} {b:^{b_len}} {c:>{c_len}} {d:>{d_len}} {e:>{e_len}} **\n".format(a=TEST_FIELD, a_len=TEST_FIELD_LEN,
b=RESULT_FIELD, b_len=RESULT_FIELD_LEN,
c=SIM_FIELD, c_len=SIM_FIELD_LEN,
d=REAL_FIELD, d_len=REAL_FIELD_LEN,
e=RATIO_FIELD, e_len=RATIO_FIELD_LEN)
summary += LINE_SEP
for result in self.test_results:
hilite = ''
if result['pass'] is None:
pass_fail_str = "N/A"
elif result['pass']:
pass_fail_str = "PASS"
else:
pass_fail_str = "FAIL"
if self.log.colour:
hilite = ANSI.WHITE_FG + ANSI.RED_BG
summary += "{start}** {a:<{a_len}} {b:^{b_len}} {c:>{c_len}.2f} {d:>{d_len}.2f} {e:>{e_len}.2f} **\n".format(a=result['test'], a_len=TEST_FIELD_LEN,
b=pass_fail_str, b_len=RESULT_FIELD_LEN,
c=result['sim'], c_len=SIM_FIELD_LEN-1,
d=result['real'], d_len=REAL_FIELD_LEN-1,
e=result['ratio'], e_len=RATIO_FIELD_LEN-1,
start=hilite)
summary += LINE_SEP
self.log.info(summary)
def _log_sim_summary(self):
real_time = time.time() - self.start_time
sim_time_ns = get_sim_time('ns')
ratio_time = sim_time_ns / real_time
summary = ""
summary += "*************************************************************************************\n"
summary += "** ERRORS : {0:<39}**\n".format(self.failures)
summary += "*************************************************************************************\n"
summary += "** SIM TIME : {0:<39}**\n".format('{0:.2f} NS'.format(sim_time_ns))
summary += "** REAL TIME : {0:<39}**\n".format('{0:.2f} S'.format(real_time))
summary += "** SIM / REAL TIME : {0:<39}**\n".format('{0:.2f} NS/S'.format(ratio_time))
summary += "*************************************************************************************\n"
self.log.info(summary)
def _store_test_result(self, module_name, test_name, result_pass, sim_time, real_time, ratio):
result = {
'test' : '.'.join([module_name, test_name]),
'pass' : result_pass,
'sim' : sim_time,
'real' : real_time,
'ratio' : ratio}
self.test_results.append(result)
class Scheduler(object):
"""
The main scheduler.
Here we accept callbacks from the simulator and schedule the appropriate
coroutines.
A callback fires, causing the `react`_ method to be called, with the
trigger that caused the callback as the first argument.
We look up a list of coroutines to schedule (indexed by the trigger) and
schedule them in turn. NB implementors should not depend on the scheduling
order!
Some additional management is required since coroutines can return a list
of triggers, to be scheduled when any one of the triggers fires. To
ensure we don't receive spurious callbacks, we have to un-prime all the
other triggers when any one fires.
Due to the simulator nuances and fun with delta delays we have the
following modes:
Normal mode
- Callbacks cause coroutines to be scheduled
- Any pending writes are cached and do not happen immediately
ReadOnly mode
- Corresponds to cbReadOnlySynch (VPI) or vhpiCbLastKnownDeltaCycle
(VHPI). In this state we are not allowed to perform writes.
Write mode
- Corresponds to cbReadWriteSynch (VPI) or vhpiCbEndOfProcesses (VHPI)
In this mode we play back all the cached write updates.
We can legally transition from normal->write by registering a ReadWrite
callback, however usually once a simulator has entered the ReadOnly phase
of a given timestep then we must move to a new timestep before performing
any writes. The mechanism for moving to a new timestep may not be
consistent across simulators and therefore we provide an abstraction to
assist with compatibility.
Unless a coroutine has explicitly requested to be scheduled in ReadOnly
mode (for example wanting to sample the finally settled value after all
delta delays) then it can reasonably be expected to be scheduled during
"normal mode" i.e. where writes are permitted.
"""
_MODE_NORMAL = 1 # noqa
_MODE_READONLY = 2 # noqa
_MODE_WRITE = 3 # noqa
_MODE_TERM = 4 # noqa
# Singleton events, recycled to avoid spurious object creation
_readonly = ReadOnly()
_next_timestep = _NextTimeStep()
_readwrite = _ReadWrite()
_timer1 = Timer(1)
_timer0 = Timer(0)
def __init__(self):
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.scheduler")
if _debug:
self.log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# A dictionary of pending coroutines for each trigger,
# indexed by trigger
self._trigger2coros = collections.defaultdict(list)
# A dictionary of pending triggers for each coroutine, indexed by coro
self._coro2triggers = collections.defaultdict(list)
# Our main state
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# A dictionary of pending writes
self._writes = {}
self._pending_coros = []
self._pending_callbacks = []
self._pending_triggers = []
self._terminate = False
self._test_result = None
self._entrypoint = None
# Select the appropriate scheduling algorithm for this simulator
self.advance = self.default_scheduling_algorithm
def default_scheduling_algorithm(self):
"""
Decide whether we need to schedule our own triggers (if at all) in
order to progress to the next mode.
This algorithm has been tested against the following simulators:
Icarus Verilog
"""
if not self._terminate and self._writes:
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL:
if not self._readwrite.primed:
self._readwrite.prime(self.react)
elif not self._next_timestep.primed:
self._next_timestep.prime(self.react)
elif self._terminate:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Test terminating, scheduling Timer")
for t in self._trigger2coros:
t.unprime()
for t in [self._readwrite, self._readonly, self._next_timestep,
self._timer1, self._timer0]:
if t.primed:
t.unprime()
self._timer1.prime(self.begin_test)
self._trigger2coros = collections.defaultdict(list)
self._coro2triggers = collections.defaultdict(list)
self._terminate = False
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_TERM
def begin_test(self, trigger=None):
"""
Called to initiate a test.
Could be called on start-up or from a callback
"""
if _debug:
self.log.debug("begin_test called with trigger: %s" %
(str(trigger)))
if _profiling:
ps = pstats.Stats(_profile).sort_stats('cumulative')
ps.dump_stats("test_profile.pstat")
_profile.enable()
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
if trigger is not None:
trigger.unprime()
# Issue previous test result, if there is one
if self._test_result is not None:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Issue test result to regresssion object")
cocotb.regression.handle_result(self._test_result)
self._test_result = None
if self._entrypoint is not None:
test = self._entrypoint
self._entrypoint = None
self.schedule(test)
self.advance()
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
def react(self, trigger, depth=0):
"""
React called when a trigger fires.
We find any coroutines that are waiting on the particular trigger and
schedule them.
"""
if _profiling and not depth:
_profile.enable()
# When a trigger fires it is unprimed internally
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Trigger fired: %s" % str(trigger))
# trigger.unprime()
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_TERM:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Ignoring trigger %s since we're terminating" %
str(trigger))
return
if trigger is self._readonly:
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_READONLY
# Only GPI triggers affect the simulator scheduling mode
elif isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# We're the only source of ReadWrite triggers which are only used for
# playing back any cached signal updates
if trigger is self._readwrite:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Writing cached signal updates")
while self._writes:
handle, value = self._writes.popitem()
handle.setimmediatevalue(value)
self._readwrite.unprime()
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
return
# Similarly if we've scheduled our next_timestep on way to readwrite
if trigger is self._next_timestep:
if not self._writes:
self.log.error(
"Moved to next timestep without any pending writes!")
else:
self.log.debug(
"Priming ReadWrite trigger so we can playback writes")
self._readwrite.prime(self.react)
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
return
if trigger not in self._trigger2coros:
# GPI triggers should only be ever pending if there is an
# associated coroutine waiting on that trigger, otherwise it would
# have been unprimed already
if isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.log.critical(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
trigger.log.info("I'm the culprit")
# For Python triggers this isn't actually an error - we might do
# event.set() without knowing whether any coroutines are actually
# waiting on this event, for example
elif _debug:
self.log.debug(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
return
# Scheduled coroutines may append to our waiting list so the first
# thing to do is pop all entries waiting on this trigger.
scheduling = self._trigger2coros.pop(trigger)
if _debug:
debugstr = "\n\t".join([coro.__name__ for coro in scheduling])
if len(scheduling):
debugstr = "\n\t" + debugstr
self.log.debug("%d pending coroutines for event %s%s" %
(len(scheduling), str(trigger), debugstr))
# If the coroutine was waiting on multiple triggers we may be able
# to unprime the other triggers that didn't fire
for coro in scheduling:
for pending in self._coro2triggers[coro]:
for others in self._trigger2coros[pending]:
if others not in scheduling:
break
else:
# if pending is not trigger and pending.primed:
# pending.unprime()
if pending.primed:
pending.unprime()
del self._trigger2coros[pending]
for coro in scheduling:
self.schedule(coro, trigger=trigger)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduled coroutine %s" % (coro.__name__))
while self._pending_triggers:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling pending trigger %s" %
(str(self._pending_triggers[0])))
self.react(self._pending_triggers.pop(0), depth=depth + 1)
# We only advance for GPI triggers
if not depth and isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.advance()
if _debug:
self.log.debug("All coroutines scheduled, handing control back"
" to simulator")
if _profiling:
_profile.disable()
return
def unschedule(self, coro):
"""Unschedule a coroutine. Unprime any pending triggers"""
for trigger in self._coro2triggers[coro]:
if coro in self._trigger2coros[trigger]:
self._trigger2coros[trigger].remove(coro)
if not self._trigger2coros[trigger]:
trigger.unprime()
del self._coro2triggers[coro]
if coro._join in self._trigger2coros:
self._pending_triggers.append(coro._join)
# Remove references to allow GC to clean up
del coro._join
def save_write(self, handle, value):
self._writes[handle] = value
def _coroutine_yielded(self, coro, triggers):
"""
Prime the triggers and update our internal mappings
"""
self._coro2triggers[coro] = triggers
for trigger in triggers:
self._trigger2coros[trigger].append(coro)
if not trigger.primed:
try:
trigger.prime(self.react)
except Exception as e:
# Convert any exceptions into a test result
self.finish_test(
create_error(self, "Unable to prime trigger %s: %s" %
(str(trigger), str(e))))
def queue(self, coroutine):
"""Queue a coroutine for execution"""
self._pending_coros.append(coroutine)
def add(self, coroutine):
"""
Add a new coroutine.
Just a wrapper around self.schedule which provides some debug and
useful error mesages in the event of common gotchas
"""
if isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.coroutine):
self.log.critical(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
coroutine.log.error("This is the failing coroutine")
self.log.warning(
"Did you forget to add parentheses to the @test decorator?")
self._test_result = TestError(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self._terminate = True
return
elif not isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
self.log.critical(
"Attempt to add something to the scheduler which isn't a "
"coroutine")
self.log.warning(
"Got: %s (%s)" % (str(type(coroutine)), repr(coroutine)))
self.log.warning("Did you use the @coroutine decorator?")
self._test_result = TestError(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self._terminate = True
return
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Adding new coroutine %s" % coroutine.__name__)
self.schedule(coroutine)
self.advance()
return coroutine
def new_test(self, coroutine):
self._entrypoint = coroutine
def schedule(self, coroutine, trigger=None):
"""
Schedule a coroutine by calling the send method
Args:
coroutine (cocotb.decorators.coroutine): The coroutine to schedule
trigger (cocotb.triggers.Trigger): The trigger that caused this
coroutine to be scheduled
"""
if hasattr(trigger, "pass_retval"):
sendval = trigger.retval
if _debug:
coroutine.log.debug("Scheduling with ReturnValue(%s)" %
(repr(sendval)))
else:
sendval = trigger
if _debug:
coroutine.log.debug("Scheduling with %s" % str(trigger))
try:
result = coroutine.send(sendval)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine %s yielded %s (mode %d)" %
(coroutine.__name__, str(result), self._mode))
# TestComplete indication is game over, tidy up
except TestComplete as test_result:
# Tag that close down is needed, save the test_result
# for later use in cleanup handler
self.finish_test(test_result)
return
# Normal co-routine completion
except cocotb.decorators.CoroutineComplete as exc:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine completed: %s" % str(coroutine))
self.unschedule(coroutine)
return
# Don't handle the result if we're shutting down
if self._terminate:
return
# Queue current routine to schedule when the nested routine exits
if isinstance(result, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling nested co-routine: %s" %
result.__name__)
self.queue(result)
new_trigger = result.join()
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, [new_trigger])
elif isinstance(result, Trigger):
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, [result])
elif (isinstance(result, list) and
not [t for t in result if not isinstance(t, Trigger)]):
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, result)
else:
msg = ("Coroutine %s yielded something the scheduler can't handle"
% str(coroutine))
msg += ("\nGot type: %s repr: %s str: %s" %
(type(result), repr(result), str(result)))
msg += "\nDid you forget to decorate with @cocotb.cocorutine?"
try:
raise_error(self, msg)
except Exception as e:
self.finish_test(e)
# Handle any newly queued coroutines that need to be scheduled
while self._pending_coros:
self.add(self._pending_coros.pop(0))
while self._pending_callbacks:
self._pending_callbacks.pop(0)()
def finish_test(self, test_result):
"""Cache the test result and set the terminate flag"""
self.log.debug("finish_test called with %s" % (repr(test_result)))
if not self._terminate:
self._terminate = True
self._test_result = test_result
self.cleanup()
def finish_scheduler(self, test_result):
"""Directly call into the regression manager and end test
once we return the sim will close us so no cleanup is needed"""
self.log.debug("Issue sim closedown result to regresssion object")
cocotb.regression.handle_result(test_result)
def cleanup(self):
"""
Clear up all our state
Unprime all pending triggers and kill off any coroutines
"""
for trigger, waiting in self._trigger2coros.items():
for coro in waiting:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Killing %s" % str(coro))
coro.kill()
class SimHandle(object):
def __init__(self, handle):
"""
Args:
_handle [integer] : vpi/vhpi handle to the simulator object
"""
self._handle = handle # handle used for future simulator transactions
self._sub_handles = {} # Dictionary of SimHandle objects created by getattr
self._len = None
self.name = simulator.get_name_string(self._handle)
self.fullname = self.name + '(%s)' % simulator.get_type_string(self._handle)
self.log = SimLog('cocotb.' + self.name)
self.log.debug("Created!")
self._r_edge = _RisingEdge(self)
self._f_edge = _FallingEdge(self)
def __hash__(self):
return self._handle
def __str__(self):
return "%s @0x%x" % (self.name, self._handle)
def __getattr__(self, name):
""" Query the simulator for a object with the specified name
and cache the result to build a tree
"""
if name in self._sub_handles:
return self._sub_handles[name]
new_handle = simulator.get_handle_by_name(self._handle, name)
if not new_handle:
self._raise_testerror("%s contains no object named %s" % (self.name, name))
self._sub_handles[name] = SimHandle(new_handle)
return self._sub_handles[name]
def _raise_testerror(self, msg):
lastframe = sys._getframe(2)
if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
buff = StringIO()
traceback.print_stack(lastframe, file=buff)
else:
buff_bytes = BytesIO()
traceback.print_stack(lastframe, file=buff_bytes)
buff = StringIO(buff_bytes.getvalue().decode("UTF8"))
self.log.error("%s\n%s" % (msg, buff.getvalue()))
exception = TestError(msg)
exception.stderr.write(buff.getvalue())
buff.close()
raise exception
def __setattr__(self, name, value):
"""Provide transparent access to signals"""
if not name.startswith('_') and not name in ["name", "fullname", "log", "value"] \
and self.__hasattr__(name):
getattr(self, name).setcachedvalue(value)
return
object.__setattr__(self, name, value)
def __hasattr__(self, name):
"""
Since calling hasattr(handle, "something") will print out a
backtrace to the log since usually attempting to access a
non-existent member is an error we provide a 'peek function
We still add the found handle to our dictionary to prevent leaking
handles.
"""
if name in self._sub_handles:
return self._sub_handles[name]
new_handle = simulator.get_handle_by_name(self._handle, name)
if new_handle:
self._sub_handles[name] = SimHandle(new_handle)
return new_handle
def __getitem__(self, index):
if index in self._sub_handles:
return self._sub_handles[index]
new_handle = simulator.get_handle_by_index(self._handle, index)
if not new_handle:
self._raise_testerror("%s contains no object at index %d" % (self.name, index))
self._sub_handles[index] = SimHandle(new_handle)
return self._sub_handles[index]
def __setitem__(self, index, value):
"""Provide transparent assignment to bit index"""
self.__getitem__(index).setcachedvalue(value)
def getvalue(self):
result = BinaryValue()
result.binstr = self._get_value_str()
return result
def setimmediatevalue(self, value):
"""
Set the value of the underlying simulation object to value.
Args:
value (ctypes.Structure, cocotb.binary.BinaryValue, int)
The value to drive onto the simulator object
Raises:
TypeError
This operation will fail unless the handle refers to a modifiable
object eg net, signal or variable.
We determine the library call to make based on the type of the value
Assigning integers less than 32-bits is faster
"""
if isinstance(value, get_python_integer_types()) and value < 0x7fffffff:
simulator.set_signal_val(self._handle, value)
return
if isinstance(value, ctypes.Structure):
value = BinaryValue(value=cocotb.utils.pack(value), bits=len(self))
elif isinstance(value, get_python_integer_types()):
value = BinaryValue(value=value, bits=len(self), bigEndian=False)
elif not isinstance(value, BinaryValue):
self.log.critical("Unsupported type for value assignment: %s (%s)" % (type(value), repr(value)))
raise TypeError("Unable to set simulator value with type %s" % (type(value)))
simulator.set_signal_val_str(self._handle, value.binstr)
def setcachedvalue(self, value):
"""Intercept the store of a value and hold in cache.
This operation is to enable all of the scheduled callbacks to completed
with the same read data and for the writes to occour on the next
sim time"""
cocotb.scheduler.save_write(self, value)
# We want to maintain compatability with python 2.5 so we can't use @property with a setter
value = property(getvalue, setcachedvalue, None, "A reference to the value")
def _get_value_str(self):
return simulator.get_signal_val(self._handle)
def __le__(self, value):
"""Overload the less than or equal to operator to
provide an hdl-like shortcut
module.signal <= 2
"""
self.value = value
def __len__(self):
"""Returns the 'length' of the underlying object.
For vectors this is the number of bits.
TODO: Handle other types (loops, generate etc)
"""
if self._len is None:
self._len = len(self._get_value_str())
return self._len
def __cmp__(self, other):
# Permits comparison of handles i.e. if clk == dut.clk
if isinstance(other, SimHandle):
if self._handle == other._handle: return 0
return 1
# Use the comparison method of the other object against our value
return self.value.__cmp__(other)
def __iter__(self):
"""Iterates over all known types defined by simulator module"""
for handle_type in [simulator.MODULE,
simulator.PARAMETER,
simulator.REG,
simulator.NET,
simulator.NETARRAY]:
iterator = simulator.iterate(handle_type, self._handle)
while True:
try:
thing = simulator.next(iterator)
except StopIteration:
break
hdl = SimHandle(thing)
self._sub_handles[hdl.name] = hdl
yield hdl
def __int__(self):
return int(self.value)
class Scheduler:
"""The main scheduler.
Here we accept callbacks from the simulator and schedule the appropriate
coroutines.
A callback fires, causing the :any:`react` method to be called, with the
trigger that caused the callback as the first argument.
We look up a list of coroutines to schedule (indexed by the trigger) and
schedule them in turn.
.. attention::
Implementors should not depend on the scheduling order!
Some additional management is required since coroutines can return a list
of triggers, to be scheduled when any one of the triggers fires. To
ensure we don't receive spurious callbacks, we have to un-prime all the
other triggers when any one fires.
Due to the simulator nuances and fun with delta delays we have the
following modes:
Normal mode
- Callbacks cause coroutines to be scheduled
- Any pending writes are cached and do not happen immediately
ReadOnly mode
- Corresponds to :any:`cbReadOnlySynch` (VPI) or :any:`vhpiCbLastKnownDeltaCycle`
(VHPI). In this state we are not allowed to perform writes.
Write mode
- Corresponds to :any:`cbReadWriteSynch` (VPI) or :c:macro:`vhpiCbEndOfProcesses` (VHPI)
In this mode we play back all the cached write updates.
We can legally transition from Normal to Write by registering a :class:`~cocotb.triggers.ReadWrite`
callback, however usually once a simulator has entered the ReadOnly phase
of a given timestep then we must move to a new timestep before performing
any writes. The mechanism for moving to a new timestep may not be
consistent across simulators and therefore we provide an abstraction to
assist with compatibility.
Unless a coroutine has explicitly requested to be scheduled in ReadOnly
mode (for example wanting to sample the finally settled value after all
delta delays) then it can reasonably be expected to be scheduled during
"normal mode" i.e. where writes are permitted.
"""
_MODE_NORMAL = 1 # noqa
_MODE_READONLY = 2 # noqa
_MODE_WRITE = 3 # noqa
_MODE_TERM = 4 # noqa
# Singleton events, recycled to avoid spurious object creation
_next_time_step = NextTimeStep()
_read_write = ReadWrite()
_read_only = ReadOnly()
_timer1 = Timer(1)
def __init__(self):
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.scheduler")
if _debug:
self.log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# Use OrderedDict here for deterministic behavior (gh-934)
# A dictionary of pending coroutines for each trigger,
# indexed by trigger
self._trigger2coros = _py_compat.insertion_ordered_dict()
# Our main state
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# A dictionary of pending (write_func, args), keyed by handle. Only the last scheduled write
# in a timestep is performed, all the rest are discarded in python.
self._write_calls = _py_compat.insertion_ordered_dict()
self._pending_coros = []
self._pending_triggers = []
self._pending_threads = []
self._pending_events = [
] # Events we need to call set on once we've unwound
self._terminate = False
self._test = None
self._main_thread = threading.current_thread()
self._current_task = None
self._is_reacting = False
self._write_coro_inst = None
self._writes_pending = Event()
async def _do_writes(self):
""" An internal coroutine that performs pending writes """
while True:
await self._writes_pending.wait()
if self._mode != Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL:
await self._next_time_step
await self._read_write
while self._write_calls:
handle, (func, args) = self._write_calls.popitem()
func(*args)
self._writes_pending.clear()
def _check_termination(self):
"""
Handle a termination that causes us to move onto the next test.
"""
if self._terminate:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Test terminating, scheduling Timer")
if self._write_coro_inst is not None:
self._write_coro_inst.kill()
self._write_coro_inst = None
for t in self._trigger2coros:
t.unprime()
if self._timer1.primed:
self._timer1.unprime()
self._timer1.prime(self._test_completed)
self._trigger2coros = _py_compat.insertion_ordered_dict()
self._terminate = False
self._write_calls = _py_compat.insertion_ordered_dict()
self._writes_pending.clear()
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_TERM
def _test_completed(self, trigger=None):
"""Called after a test and its cleanup have completed
"""
if _debug:
self.log.debug("begin_test called with trigger: %s" %
(str(trigger)))
if _profiling:
ps = pstats.Stats(_profile).sort_stats('cumulative')
ps.dump_stats("test_profile.pstat")
ctx = profiling_context()
else:
ctx = _py_compat.nullcontext()
with ctx:
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
if trigger is not None:
trigger.unprime()
# extract the current test, and clear it
test = self._test
self._test = None
if test is None:
raise InternalError(
"_test_completed called with no active test")
if test._outcome is None:
raise InternalError(
"_test_completed called with an incomplete test")
# Issue previous test result
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Issue test result to regression object")
# this may scheduler another test
cocotb.regression_manager.handle_result(test)
# if it did, make sure we handle the test completing
self._check_termination()
def react(self, trigger):
"""
Called when a trigger fires.
We ensure that we only start the event loop once, rather than
letting it recurse.
"""
if self._is_reacting:
# queue up the trigger, the event loop will get to it
self._pending_triggers.append(trigger)
return
if self._pending_triggers:
raise InternalError(
"Expected all triggers to be handled but found {}".format(
self._pending_triggers))
# start the event loop
self._is_reacting = True
try:
self._event_loop(trigger)
finally:
self._is_reacting = False
def _event_loop(self, trigger):
"""
Run an event loop triggered by the given trigger.
The loop will keep running until no further triggers fire.
This should be triggered by only:
* The beginning of a test, when there is no trigger to react to
* A GPI trigger
"""
if _profiling:
ctx = profiling_context()
else:
ctx = _py_compat.nullcontext()
with ctx:
# When a trigger fires it is unprimed internally
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Trigger fired: %s" % str(trigger))
# trigger.unprime()
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_TERM:
if _debug:
self.log.debug(
"Ignoring trigger %s since we're terminating" %
str(trigger))
return
if trigger is self._read_only:
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_READONLY
# Only GPI triggers affect the simulator scheduling mode
elif isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# work through triggers one by one
is_first = True
self._pending_triggers.append(trigger)
while self._pending_triggers:
trigger = self._pending_triggers.pop(0)
if not is_first and isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.log.warning(
"A GPI trigger occurred after entering react - this "
"should not happen.")
assert False
# this only exists to enable the warning above
is_first = False
# Scheduled coroutines may append to our waiting list so the first
# thing to do is pop all entries waiting on this trigger.
try:
scheduling = self._trigger2coros.pop(trigger)
except KeyError:
# GPI triggers should only be ever pending if there is an
# associated coroutine waiting on that trigger, otherwise it would
# have been unprimed already
if isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.log.critical(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
trigger.log.info("I'm the culprit")
# For Python triggers this isn't actually an error - we might do
# event.set() without knowing whether any coroutines are actually
# waiting on this event, for example
elif _debug:
self.log.debug(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
del trigger
continue
if _debug:
debugstr = "\n\t".join(
[coro._coro.__qualname__ for coro in scheduling])
if len(scheduling):
debugstr = "\n\t" + debugstr
self.log.debug("%d pending coroutines for event %s%s" %
(len(scheduling), str(trigger), debugstr))
# This trigger isn't needed any more
trigger.unprime()
for coro in scheduling:
if coro._outcome is not None:
# coroutine was killed by another coroutine waiting on the same trigger
continue
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling coroutine %s" %
(coro._coro.__qualname__))
self.schedule(coro, trigger=trigger)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduled coroutine %s" %
(coro._coro.__qualname__))
# Schedule may have queued up some events so we'll burn through those
while self._pending_events:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling pending event %s" %
(str(self._pending_events[0])))
self._pending_events.pop(0).set()
# remove our reference to the objects at the end of each loop,
# to try and avoid them being destroyed at a weird time (as
# happened in gh-957)
del trigger
del coro
del scheduling
# no more pending triggers
self._check_termination()
if _debug:
self.log.debug("All coroutines scheduled, handing control back"
" to simulator")
def unschedule(self, coro):
"""Unschedule a coroutine. Unprime any pending triggers"""
# Unprime the trigger this coroutine is waiting on
trigger = coro._trigger
if trigger is not None:
coro._trigger = None
if coro in self._trigger2coros.setdefault(trigger, []):
self._trigger2coros[trigger].remove(coro)
if not self._trigger2coros[trigger]:
trigger.unprime()
del self._trigger2coros[trigger]
assert self._test is not None
if coro is self._test:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Unscheduling test {}".format(coro))
if not self._terminate:
self._terminate = True
self.cleanup()
elif Join(coro) in self._trigger2coros:
self.react(Join(coro))
else:
try:
# throws an error if the background coroutine errored
# and no one was monitoring it
coro._outcome.get()
except (TestComplete, AssertionError) as e:
coro.log.info("Test stopped by this forked coroutine")
e = remove_traceback_frames(e, ['unschedule', 'get'])
self._test.abort(e)
except Exception as e:
coro.log.error("Exception raised by this forked coroutine")
e = remove_traceback_frames(e, ['unschedule', 'get'])
self._test.abort(e)
def _schedule_write(self, handle, write_func, *args):
""" Queue `write_func` to be called on the next ReadWrite trigger. """
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_READONLY:
raise Exception(
"Write to object {0} was scheduled during a read-only sync phase."
.format(handle._name))
# TODO: we should be able to better keep track of when this needs to
# be scheduled
if self._write_coro_inst is None:
self._write_coro_inst = self.add(self._do_writes())
self._write_calls[handle] = (write_func, args)
self._writes_pending.set()
def _resume_coro_upon(self, coro, trigger):
"""Schedule `coro` to be resumed when `trigger` fires."""
coro._trigger = trigger
trigger_coros = self._trigger2coros.setdefault(trigger, [])
if coro is self._write_coro_inst:
# Our internal write coroutine always runs before any user coroutines.
# This preserves the behavior prior to the refactoring of writes to
# this coroutine.
trigger_coros.insert(0, coro)
else:
# Everything else joins the back of the queue
trigger_coros.append(coro)
if not trigger.primed:
if trigger_coros != [coro]:
# should never happen
raise InternalError(
"More than one coroutine waiting on an unprimed trigger")
try:
trigger.prime(self.react)
except Exception as e:
# discard the trigger we associated, it will never fire
self._trigger2coros.pop(trigger)
# replace it with a new trigger that throws back the exception
self._resume_coro_upon(
coro,
NullTrigger(name="Trigger.prime() Error",
outcome=outcomes.Error(e)))
def queue(self, coroutine):
"""Queue a coroutine for execution"""
self._pending_coros.append(coroutine)
def queue_function(self, coro):
"""Queue a coroutine for execution and move the containing thread
so that it does not block execution of the main thread any longer.
"""
# We should be able to find ourselves inside the _pending_threads list
matching_threads = [
t for t in self._pending_threads
if t.thread == threading.current_thread()
]
if len(matching_threads) == 0:
raise RuntimeError(
"queue_function called from unrecognized thread")
# Raises if there is more than one match. This can never happen, since
# each entry always has a unique thread.
t, = matching_threads
async def wrapper():
# This function runs in the scheduler thread
try:
_outcome = outcomes.Value(await coro)
except BaseException as e:
_outcome = outcomes.Error(e)
event.outcome = _outcome
# Notify the current (scheduler) thread that we are about to wake
# up the background (`@external`) thread, making sure to do so
# before the background thread gets a chance to go back to sleep by
# calling thread_suspend.
# We need to do this here in the scheduler thread so that no more
# coroutines run until the background thread goes back to sleep.
t.thread_resume()
event.set()
event = threading.Event()
self._pending_coros.append(cocotb.decorators.RunningTask(wrapper()))
# The scheduler thread blocks in `thread_wait`, and is woken when we
# call `thread_suspend` - so we need to make sure the coroutine is
# queued before that.
t.thread_suspend()
# This blocks the calling `@external` thread until the coroutine finishes
event.wait()
return event.outcome.get()
def run_in_executor(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
"""Run the coroutine in a separate execution thread
and return an awaitable object for the caller.
"""
# Create a thread
# Create a trigger that is called as a result of the thread finishing
# Create an Event object that the caller can await on
# Event object set when the thread finishes execution, this blocks the
# calling coroutine (but not the thread) until the external completes
def execute_external(func, _waiter):
_waiter._outcome = outcomes.capture(func, *args, **kwargs)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Execution of external routine done %s" %
threading.current_thread())
_waiter.thread_done()
async def wrapper():
waiter = external_waiter()
thread = threading.Thread(group=None,
target=execute_external,
name=func.__qualname__ + "_thread",
args=([func, waiter]),
kwargs={})
waiter.thread = thread
self._pending_threads.append(waiter)
await waiter.event.wait()
return waiter.result # raises if there was an exception
return wrapper()
@staticmethod
def create_task(coroutine: Any) -> RunningTask:
""" Checks to see if the given object is a schedulable coroutine object and if so, returns it """
if isinstance(coroutine, RunningTask):
return coroutine
if inspect.iscoroutine(coroutine):
return RunningTask(coroutine)
if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(coroutine):
raise TypeError(
"Coroutine function {} should be called prior to being "
"scheduled.".format(coroutine))
if isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.coroutine):
raise TypeError(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started: {}.\n"
"Did you forget to add parentheses to the @cocotb.test() "
"decorator?".format(coroutine))
if sys.version_info >= (3, 6) and inspect.isasyncgen(coroutine):
raise TypeError(
"{} is an async generator, not a coroutine. "
"You likely used the yield keyword instead of await.".format(
coroutine.__qualname__))
raise TypeError(
"Attempt to add an object of type {} to the scheduler, which "
"isn't a coroutine: {!r}\n"
"Did you forget to use the @cocotb.coroutine decorator?".format(
type(coroutine), coroutine))
def add(self, coroutine: Union[RunningTask, Coroutine]) -> RunningTask:
"""Add a new coroutine.
Just a wrapper around self.schedule which provides some debug and
useful error messages in the event of common gotchas.
"""
task = self.create_task(coroutine)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Adding new coroutine %s" % task._coro.__qualname__)
self.schedule(task)
self._check_termination()
return task
def start_soon(self, coro: Union[Coroutine, RunningTask]) -> RunningTask:
"""
Schedule a coroutine to be run concurrently, starting after the current coroutine yields control.
In contrast to :func:`~cocotb.fork` which starts the given coroutine immediately, this function
starts the given coroutine only after the current coroutine yields control.
This is useful when the coroutine to be forked has logic before the first
:keyword:`await` that may not be safe to execute immediately.
"""
task = self.create_task(coro)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Queueing a new coroutine %s" %
task._coro.__qualname__)
self.queue(task)
return task
def add_test(self, test_coro):
"""Called by the regression manager to queue the next test"""
if self._test is not None:
raise InternalError("Test was added while another was in progress")
self._test = test_coro
self._resume_coro_upon(
test_coro,
NullTrigger(name="Start {!s}".format(test_coro),
outcome=outcomes.Value(None)))
# This collection of functions parses a trigger out of the object
# that was yielded by a coroutine, converting `list` -> `Waitable`,
# `Waitable` -> `RunningTask`, `RunningTask` -> `Trigger`.
# Doing them as separate functions allows us to avoid repeating unencessary
# `isinstance` checks.
def _trigger_from_started_coro(
self, result: cocotb.decorators.RunningTask) -> Trigger:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Joining to already running coroutine: %s" %
result._coro.__qualname__)
return result.join()
def _trigger_from_unstarted_coro(
self, result: cocotb.decorators.RunningTask) -> Trigger:
self.queue(result)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling nested coroutine: %s" %
result._coro.__qualname__)
return result.join()
def _trigger_from_waitable(self,
result: cocotb.triggers.Waitable) -> Trigger:
return self._trigger_from_unstarted_coro(
cocotb.decorators.RunningTask(result._wait()))
def _trigger_from_list(self, result: list) -> Trigger:
return self._trigger_from_waitable(cocotb.triggers.First(*result))
def _trigger_from_any(self, result) -> Trigger:
"""Convert a yielded object into a Trigger instance"""
# note: the order of these can significantly impact performance
if isinstance(result, Trigger):
return result
if isinstance(result, cocotb.decorators.RunningTask):
if not result.has_started():
return self._trigger_from_unstarted_coro(result)
else:
return self._trigger_from_started_coro(result)
if inspect.iscoroutine(result):
return self._trigger_from_unstarted_coro(
cocotb.decorators.RunningTask(result))
if isinstance(result, list):
return self._trigger_from_list(result)
if isinstance(result, cocotb.triggers.Waitable):
return self._trigger_from_waitable(result)
if sys.version_info >= (3, 6) and inspect.isasyncgen(result):
raise TypeError(
"{} is an async generator, not a coroutine. "
"You likely used the yield keyword instead of await.".format(
result.__qualname__))
raise TypeError(
"Coroutine yielded an object of type {}, which the scheduler can't "
"handle: {!r}\n"
"Did you forget to decorate with @cocotb.coroutine?".format(
type(result), result))
@contextmanager
def _task_context(self, task):
"""Context manager for the currently running task."""
old_task = self._current_task
self._current_task = task
try:
yield
finally:
self._current_task = old_task
def schedule(self, coroutine, trigger=None):
"""Schedule a coroutine by calling the send method.
Args:
coroutine (cocotb.decorators.coroutine): The coroutine to schedule.
trigger (cocotb.triggers.Trigger): The trigger that caused this
coroutine to be scheduled.
"""
with self._task_context(coroutine):
if trigger is None:
send_outcome = outcomes.Value(None)
else:
send_outcome = trigger._outcome
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling with {}".format(send_outcome))
coro_completed = False
try:
coroutine._trigger = None
result = coroutine._advance(send_outcome)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine %s yielded %s (mode %d)" %
(coroutine._coro.__qualname__, str(result),
self._mode))
except cocotb.decorators.CoroutineComplete:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine {} completed with {}".format(
coroutine, coroutine._outcome))
coro_completed = True
# this can't go in the else above, as that causes unwanted exception
# chaining
if coro_completed:
self.unschedule(coroutine)
# Don't handle the result if we're shutting down
if self._terminate:
return
if not coro_completed:
try:
result = self._trigger_from_any(result)
except TypeError as exc:
# restart this coroutine with an exception object telling it that
# it wasn't allowed to yield that
result = NullTrigger(outcome=outcomes.Error(exc))
self._resume_coro_upon(coroutine, result)
# We do not return from here until pending threads have completed, but only
# from the main thread, this seems like it could be problematic in cases
# where a sim might change what this thread is.
if self._main_thread is threading.current_thread():
for ext in self._pending_threads:
ext.thread_start()
if _debug:
self.log.debug(
"Blocking from %s on %s" %
(threading.current_thread(), ext.thread))
state = ext.thread_wait()
if _debug:
self.log.debug(
"Back from wait on self %s with newstate %d" %
(threading.current_thread(), state))
if state == external_state.EXITED:
self._pending_threads.remove(ext)
self._pending_events.append(ext.event)
# Handle any newly queued coroutines that need to be scheduled
while self._pending_coros:
self.add(self._pending_coros.pop(0))
def finish_test(self, exc):
self._test.abort(exc)
self._check_termination()
def finish_scheduler(self, exc):
"""Directly call into the regression manager and end test
once we return the sim will close us so no cleanup is needed.
"""
# If there is an error during cocotb initialization, self._test may not
# have been set yet. Don't cause another Python exception here.
if self._test:
self.log.debug("Issue sim closedown result to regression object")
self._test.abort(exc)
cocotb.regression_manager.handle_result(self._test)
def cleanup(self):
"""Clear up all our state.
Unprime all pending triggers and kill off any coroutines stop all externals.
"""
# copy since we modify this in kill
items = list(self._trigger2coros.items())
# reversing seems to fix gh-928, although the order is still somewhat
# arbitrary.
for trigger, waiting in items[::-1]:
for coro in waiting:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Killing %s" % str(coro))
coro.kill()
if self._main_thread is not threading.current_thread():
raise Exception("Cleanup() called outside of the main thread")
for ext in self._pending_threads:
self.log.warning("Waiting for %s to exit", ext.thread)
class RegressionManager(object):
"""Encapsulates all regression capability into a single place"""
def __init__(self, root_name, modules, tests=None):
"""
Args:
modules (list): A list of python module names to run
Kwargs
"""
self._queue = []
self._root_name = root_name
self._dut = None
self._modules = modules
self._functions = tests
self._running_test = None
self._cov = None
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.regression")
def initialise(self):
self.ntests = 0
self.count = 1
self.skipped = 0
self.failures = 0
self.xunit = XUnitReporter()
self.xunit.add_testsuite(name="all", tests=repr(self.ntests),
package="all")
if coverage is not None:
self.log.info("Enabling coverage collection of Python code")
self._cov = coverage.coverage(branch=True, omit=["*cocotb*"])
self._cov.start()
handle = simulator.get_root_handle(self._root_name)
self._dut = cocotb.handle.SimHandle(handle) if handle else None
if self._dut is None:
raise AttributeError("Can not find Root Handle (%s)" %
self._root_name)
# Auto discovery
for module_name in self._modules:
try:
module = _my_import(module_name)
except ImportError:
self.log.critical("Failed to import module %s", module_name)
self.log.info("MODULE variable was \"%s\"",
",".join(self._modules))
raise
if self._functions:
# Specific functions specified, don't auto discover
for test in self._functions.rsplit(','):
if not hasattr(module, test):
raise AttributeError("Test %s doesn't exist in %s" %
(test, module_name))
self._queue.append(getattr(module, test)(self._dut))
self.ntests += 1
break
for thing in vars(module).values():
if hasattr(thing, "im_test"):
try:
test = thing(self._dut)
skip = test.skip
except TestError:
skip = True
self.log.warning("Failed to initialise test %s" %
thing.name)
if skip:
self.log.info("Skipping test %s" % thing.name)
self.xunit.add_testcase(name=thing.name,
classname=module_name,
time="0.0")
self.xunit.add_skipped()
self.skipped += 1
else:
self._queue.append(test)
self.ntests += 1
self._queue.sort(key=lambda test: "%s.%s" %
(test.module, test.funcname))
for valid_tests in self._queue:
self.log.info("Found test %s.%s" %
(valid_tests.module,
valid_tests.funcname))
def tear_down(self):
"""It's the end of the world as we know it"""
if self.failures:
self.log.error("Failed %d out of %d tests (%d skipped)" %
(self.failures, self.count - 1, self.skipped))
else:
self.log.info("Passed %d tests (%d skipped)" %
(self.count - 1, self.skipped))
if self._cov:
self._cov.stop()
self.log.info("Writing coverage data")
self._cov.save()
self._cov.html_report()
self.log.info("Shutting down...")
self.xunit.write()
simulator.stop_simulator()
def next_test(self):
"""Get the next test to run"""
if not self._queue:
return None
return self._queue.pop(0)
def handle_result(self, result):
"""Handle a test result
Dumps result to XML and schedules the next test (if any)
Args: result (TestComplete exception)
"""
self.xunit.add_testcase(name=self._running_test.funcname,
classname=self._running_test.module,
time=repr(time.time() -
self._running_test.start_time))
running_test_funcname = self._running_test.funcname
# Helper for logging result
def _result_was():
result_was = ("%s (result was %s)" %
(running_test_funcname, result.__class__.__name__))
return result_was
if (isinstance(result, TestSuccess) and
not self._running_test.expect_fail and
not self._running_test.expect_error):
self.log.info("Test Passed: %s" % running_test_funcname)
elif (isinstance(result, TestFailure) and
self._running_test.expect_fail):
self.log.info("Test failed as expected: " + _result_was())
elif (isinstance(result, TestSuccess) and
self._running_test.expect_error):
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected an error: " +
_result_was())
self.xunit.add_failure(stdout=repr(str(result)),
stderr="\n".join(
self._running_test.error_messages))
self.failures += 1
elif isinstance(result, TestSuccess):
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected a failure: " +
_result_was())
self.xunit.add_failure(stdout=repr(str(result)),
stderr="\n".join(
self._running_test.error_messages))
self.failures += 1
elif isinstance(result, TestError) and self._running_test.expect_error:
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
elif isinstance(result, SimFailure):
if self._running_test.expect_error:
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
else:
self.log.error("Test error has lead to simulator shuttting us "
"down")
self.failures += 1
self.tear_down()
return
else:
self.log.error("Test Failed: " + _result_was())
self.xunit.add_failure(stdout=repr(str(result)),
stderr="\n".join(
self._running_test.error_messages))
self.failures += 1
self.execute()
def execute(self):
self._running_test = cocotb.regression.next_test()
if self._running_test:
# Want this to stand out a little bit
self.log.info("%sRunning test %d/%d:%s %s" %
(ANSI.BLUE_BG + ANSI.BLACK_FG,
self.count, self.ntests,
ANSI.DEFAULT_FG + ANSI.DEFAULT_BG,
self._running_test.funcname))
if self.count is 1:
test = cocotb.scheduler.add(self._running_test)
else:
test = cocotb.scheduler.new_test(self._running_test)
self.count += 1
else:
self.tear_down()
class SimHandle(object):
def __init__(self, handle):
"""
Args:
_handle [integer] : vpi/vhpi handle to the simulator object
"""
self._handle = handle # handle used for future simulator transactions
self._sub_handles = {} # Dict. of SimHandle objects created by getattr
self._len = None
self.name = simulator.get_name_string(self._handle)
self.fullname = '%s(%s)' % (self.name,
simulator.get_type_string(self._handle))
self.log = SimLog('cocotb.' + self.name)
self.log.debug("Created!")
self._r_edge = _RisingEdge(self)
self._f_edge = _FallingEdge(self)
def __hash__(self):
return self._handle
def __str__(self):
return "%s @0x%x" % (self.name, self._handle)
def __getattr__(self, name):
""" Query the simulator for a object with the specified name
and cache the result to build a tree
"""
# python's builtin dir and IPython's dir2 search for these,
# raise an AttributeError to avoid incorrect calls to _raise_testerror
if name in ["__methods__","__members__","trait_names","_getAttributeNames"]:
raise AttributeError(name)
if name in self._sub_handles:
return self._sub_handles[name]
new_handle = simulator.get_handle_by_name(self._handle, name)
if not new_handle:
self._raise_testerror("%s contains no object named %s" %
(self.name, name))
self._sub_handles[name] = SimHandle(new_handle)
return self._sub_handles[name]
def _raise_testerror(self, msg):
lastframe = sys._getframe(2)
if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
buff = StringIO()
traceback.print_stack(lastframe, file=buff)
else:
buff_bytes = BytesIO()
traceback.print_stack(lastframe, file=buff_bytes)
buff = StringIO(buff_bytes.getvalue().decode("UTF8"))
self.log.error("%s\n%s" % (msg, buff.getvalue()))
exception = TestError(msg)
exception.stderr.write(buff.getvalue())
buff.close()
raise exception
def __setattr__(self, name, value):
"""Provide transparent access to signals"""
if (not name.startswith('_') and
not name in ["name", "fullname", "log", "value"] and
self.__hasattr__(name)):
getattr(self, name).setcachedvalue(value)
return
object.__setattr__(self, name, value)
def __hasattr__(self, name):
"""
Since calling hasattr(handle, "something") will print out a
backtrace to the log since usually attempting to access a
non-existent member is an error we provide a 'peek function
We still add the found handle to our dictionary to prevent leaking
handles.
"""
if name in self._sub_handles:
return self._sub_handles[name]
new_handle = simulator.get_handle_by_name(self._handle, name)
if new_handle:
self._sub_handles[name] = SimHandle(new_handle)
return new_handle
def __getitem__(self, index):
if index in self._sub_handles:
return self._sub_handles[index]
new_handle = simulator.get_handle_by_index(self._handle, index)
if not new_handle:
self._raise_testerror("%s contains no object at index %d" %
(self.name, index))
self._sub_handles[index] = SimHandle(new_handle)
return self._sub_handles[index]
def __setitem__(self, index, value):
"""Provide transparent assignment to bit index"""
self.__getitem__(index).setcachedvalue(value)
def getvalue(self):
result = BinaryValue()
result.binstr = self._get_value_str()
return result
def setimmediatevalue(self, value):
"""
Set the value of the underlying simulation object to value.
Args:
value (ctypes.Structure, cocotb.binary.BinaryValue, int)
The value to drive onto the simulator object
Raises:
TypeError
This operation will fail unless the handle refers to a modifiable
object eg net, signal or variable.
We determine the library call to make based on the type of the value
Assigning integers less than 32-bits is faster
"""
if (isinstance(value, get_python_integer_types()) and
value < 0x7fffffff):
simulator.set_signal_val(self._handle, value)
return
if isinstance(value, ctypes.Structure):
value = BinaryValue(value=cocotb.utils.pack(value), bits=len(self))
elif isinstance(value, get_python_integer_types()):
value = BinaryValue(value=value, bits=len(self), bigEndian=False)
elif not isinstance(value, BinaryValue):
self.log.critical("Unsupported type for value assignment: %s (%s)"
% (type(value), repr(value)))
raise TypeError("Unable to set simulator value with type %s" %
(type(value)))
simulator.set_signal_val_str(self._handle, value.binstr)
def setcachedvalue(self, value):
"""Intercept the store of a value and hold in cache.
This operation is to enable all of the scheduled callbacks to completed
with the same read data and for the writes to occour on the next
sim time"""
cocotb.scheduler.save_write(self, value)
# We want to maintain compatability with python 2.5 so we can't use
# @property with a setter
value = property(getvalue, setcachedvalue, None,
"A reference to the value")
def _get_value_str(self):
return simulator.get_signal_val(self._handle)
def __le__(self, value):
"""Overload the less than or equal to operator to
provide an hdl-like shortcut
module.signal <= 2
"""
self.value = value
def __len__(self):
"""Returns the 'length' of the underlying object.
For vectors this is the number of bits.
TODO: Handle other types (loops, generate etc)
"""
if self._len is None:
self._len = len(self._get_value_str())
return self._len
def __cmp__(self, other):
# Permits comparison of handles i.e. if clk == dut.clk
if isinstance(other, SimHandle):
if self._handle == other._handle:
return 0
return 1
# Use the comparison method of the other object against our value
return self.value.__cmp__(other)
def __iter__(self):
"""Iterates over all known types defined by simulator module"""
for handle_type in [simulator.MODULE,
simulator.PARAMETER,
simulator.REG,
simulator.NET,
simulator.NETARRAY]:
iterator = simulator.iterate(handle_type, self._handle)
while True:
try:
thing = simulator.next(iterator)
except StopIteration:
break
hdl = SimHandle(thing)
self._sub_handles[hdl.name] = hdl
yield hdl
def __int__(self):
return int(self.value)
class Scheduler(object):
"""The main scheduler.
Here we accept callbacks from the simulator and schedule the appropriate
coroutines.
A callback fires, causing the :any:`react` method to be called, with the
trigger that caused the callback as the first argument.
We look up a list of coroutines to schedule (indexed by the trigger) and
schedule them in turn. NB implementors should not depend on the scheduling
order!
Some additional management is required since coroutines can return a list
of triggers, to be scheduled when any one of the triggers fires. To
ensure we don't receive spurious callbacks, we have to un-prime all the
other triggers when any one fires.
Due to the simulator nuances and fun with delta delays we have the
following modes:
Normal mode
- Callbacks cause coroutines to be scheduled
- Any pending writes are cached and do not happen immediately
ReadOnly mode
- Corresponds to cbReadOnlySynch (VPI) or vhpiCbLastKnownDeltaCycle
(VHPI). In this state we are not allowed to perform writes.
Write mode
- Corresponds to cbReadWriteSynch (VPI) or vhpiCbEndOfProcesses (VHPI)
In this mode we play back all the cached write updates.
We can legally transition from normal->write by registering a ReadWrite
callback, however usually once a simulator has entered the ReadOnly phase
of a given timestep then we must move to a new timestep before performing
any writes. The mechanism for moving to a new timestep may not be
consistent across simulators and therefore we provide an abstraction to
assist with compatibility.
Unless a coroutine has explicitly requested to be scheduled in ReadOnly
mode (for example wanting to sample the finally settled value after all
delta delays) then it can reasonably be expected to be scheduled during
"normal mode" i.e. where writes are permitted.
"""
_MODE_NORMAL = 1 # noqa
_MODE_READONLY = 2 # noqa
_MODE_WRITE = 3 # noqa
_MODE_TERM = 4 # noqa
# Singleton events, recycled to avoid spurious object creation
_readonly = ReadOnly()
# TODO[gh-759]: For some reason, the scheduler requires that these triggers
# are _not_ the same instances used by the tests themselves. This is risky,
# because it can lead to them overwriting each other's callbacks. We should
# try to remove this `copy.copy` in future.
_next_timestep = copy.copy(NextTimeStep())
_readwrite = copy.copy(ReadWrite())
_timer1 = Timer(1)
_timer0 = Timer(0)
def __init__(self):
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.scheduler")
if _debug:
self.log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# A dictionary of pending coroutines for each trigger,
# indexed by trigger
self._trigger2coros = collections.defaultdict(list)
# A dictionary mapping coroutines to the trigger they are waiting for
self._coro2trigger = {}
# Our main state
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# A dictionary of pending writes
self._writes = {}
self._pending_coros = []
self._pending_callbacks = []
self._pending_triggers = []
self._pending_threads = []
self._pending_events = [] # Events we need to call set on once we've unwound
self._terminate = False
self._test_result = None
self._entrypoint = None
self._main_thread = threading.current_thread()
# Select the appropriate scheduling algorithm for this simulator
self.advance = self.default_scheduling_algorithm
self._is_reacting = False
def default_scheduling_algorithm(self):
"""
Decide whether we need to schedule our own triggers (if at all) in
order to progress to the next mode.
This algorithm has been tested against the following simulators:
Icarus Verilog
"""
if not self._terminate and self._writes:
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL:
if not self._readwrite.primed:
self._readwrite.prime(self.react)
elif not self._next_timestep.primed:
self._next_timestep.prime(self.react)
elif self._terminate:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Test terminating, scheduling Timer")
for t in self._trigger2coros:
t.unprime()
for t in [self._readwrite, self._readonly, self._next_timestep,
self._timer1, self._timer0]:
if t.primed:
t.unprime()
self._timer1.prime(self.begin_test)
self._trigger2coros = collections.defaultdict(list)
self._coro2trigger = {}
self._terminate = False
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_TERM
def begin_test(self, trigger=None):
"""Called to initiate a test.
Could be called on start-up or from a callback.
"""
if _debug:
self.log.debug("begin_test called with trigger: %s" %
(str(trigger)))
if _profiling:
ps = pstats.Stats(_profile).sort_stats('cumulative')
ps.dump_stats("test_profile.pstat")
ctx = profiling_context()
else:
ctx = nullcontext()
with ctx:
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
if trigger is not None:
trigger.unprime()
# Issue previous test result, if there is one
if self._test_result is not None:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Issue test result to regression object")
cocotb.regression_manager.handle_result(self._test_result)
self._test_result = None
if self._entrypoint is not None:
test = self._entrypoint
self._entrypoint = None
self.schedule(test)
self.advance()
def react(self, trigger):
"""
Called when a trigger fires.
We ensure that we only start the event loop once, rather than
letting it recurse.
"""
if self._is_reacting:
# queue up the trigger, the event loop will get to it
self._pending_triggers.append(trigger)
return
# start the event loop
self._is_reacting = True
try:
self._event_loop(trigger)
finally:
self._is_reacting = False
def _event_loop(self, trigger):
"""
Run an event loop triggered by the given trigger.
The loop will keep running until no further triggers fire.
This should be triggered by only:
* The beginning of a test, when there is no trigger to react to
* A GPI trigger
"""
if _profiling:
ctx = profiling_context()
else:
ctx = nullcontext()
with ctx:
# When a trigger fires it is unprimed internally
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Trigger fired: %s" % str(trigger))
# trigger.unprime()
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_TERM:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Ignoring trigger %s since we're terminating" %
str(trigger))
return
if trigger is self._readonly:
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_READONLY
# Only GPI triggers affect the simulator scheduling mode
elif isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self._mode = Scheduler._MODE_NORMAL
# We're the only source of ReadWrite triggers which are only used for
# playing back any cached signal updates
if trigger is self._readwrite:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Writing cached signal updates")
while self._writes:
handle, value = self._writes.popitem()
handle.setimmediatevalue(value)
self._readwrite.unprime()
return
# Similarly if we've scheduled our next_timestep on way to readwrite
if trigger is self._next_timestep:
if not self._writes:
self.log.error(
"Moved to next timestep without any pending writes!")
else:
self.log.debug(
"Priming ReadWrite trigger so we can playback writes")
self._readwrite.prime(self.react)
return
# work through triggers one by one
is_first = True
self._pending_triggers.append(trigger)
while self._pending_triggers:
trigger = self._pending_triggers.pop(0)
if not is_first and isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.log.warning(
"A GPI trigger occurred after entering react - this "
"should not happen."
)
assert False
# this only exists to enable the warning above
is_first = False
if trigger not in self._trigger2coros:
# GPI triggers should only be ever pending if there is an
# associated coroutine waiting on that trigger, otherwise it would
# have been unprimed already
if isinstance(trigger, GPITrigger):
self.log.critical(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
trigger.log.info("I'm the culprit")
# For Python triggers this isn't actually an error - we might do
# event.set() without knowing whether any coroutines are actually
# waiting on this event, for example
elif _debug:
self.log.debug(
"No coroutines waiting on trigger that fired: %s" %
str(trigger))
continue
# Scheduled coroutines may append to our waiting list so the first
# thing to do is pop all entries waiting on this trigger.
scheduling = self._trigger2coros.pop(trigger)
if _debug:
debugstr = "\n\t".join([coro.__name__ for coro in scheduling])
if len(scheduling):
debugstr = "\n\t" + debugstr
self.log.debug("%d pending coroutines for event %s%s" %
(len(scheduling), str(trigger), debugstr))
# This trigger isn't needed any more
trigger.unprime()
for coro in scheduling:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling coroutine %s" % (coro.__name__))
self.schedule(coro, trigger=trigger)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduled coroutine %s" % (coro.__name__))
# Schedule may have queued up some events so we'll burn through those
while self._pending_events:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling pending event %s" %
(str(self._pending_events[0])))
self._pending_events.pop(0).set()
# no more pending triggers
self.advance()
if _debug:
self.log.debug("All coroutines scheduled, handing control back"
" to simulator")
def unschedule(self, coro):
"""Unschedule a coroutine. Unprime any pending triggers"""
# Unprime the trigger this coroutine is waiting on
try:
trigger = self._coro2trigger.pop(coro)
except KeyError:
# coroutine probably finished
pass
else:
if coro in self._trigger2coros[trigger]:
self._trigger2coros[trigger].remove(coro)
if not self._trigger2coros[trigger]:
trigger.unprime()
del self._trigger2coros[trigger]
if Join(coro) in self._trigger2coros:
self._pending_triggers.append(Join(coro))
else:
try:
# throws an error if the background coroutine errored
# and no one was monitoring it
coro.retval
except Exception as e:
self._test_result = TestError(
"Forked coroutine {} raised exception {}"
.format(coro, e)
)
self._terminate = True
def save_write(self, handle, value):
if self._mode == Scheduler._MODE_READONLY:
raise Exception("Write to object {0} was scheduled during a read-only sync phase.".format(handle._name))
self._writes[handle] = value
def _coroutine_yielded(self, coro, trigger):
"""Prime the trigger and update our internal mappings."""
self._coro2trigger[coro] = trigger
self._trigger2coros[trigger].append(coro)
if not trigger.primed:
try:
trigger.prime(self.react)
except Exception as e:
# Convert any exceptions into a test result
self.finish_test(
create_error(self, "Unable to prime trigger %s: %s" %
(str(trigger), str(e))))
def queue(self, coroutine):
"""Queue a coroutine for execution"""
self._pending_coros.append(coroutine)
def queue_function(self, coroutine):
"""Queue a coroutine for execution and move the containing thread
so that it does not block execution of the main thread any longer.
"""
# We should be able to find ourselves inside the _pending_threads list
for t in self._pending_threads:
if t.thread == threading.current_thread():
t.thread_suspend()
self._pending_coros.append(coroutine)
return t
def run_in_executor(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
"""Run the coroutine in a separate execution thread
and return a yieldable object for the caller.
"""
# Create a thread
# Create a trigger that is called as a result of the thread finishing
# Create an Event object that the caller can yield on
# Event object set when the thread finishes execution, this blocks the
# calling coroutine (but not the thread) until the external completes
def execute_external(func, _waiter):
_waiter._outcome = outcomes.capture(func, *args, **kwargs)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Execution of external routine done %s" % threading.current_thread())
_waiter.thread_done()
waiter = external_waiter()
thread = threading.Thread(group=None, target=execute_external,
name=func.__name__ + "_thread",
args=([func, waiter]), kwargs={})
waiter.thread = thread;
self._pending_threads.append(waiter)
return waiter
def add(self, coroutine):
"""Add a new coroutine.
Just a wrapper around self.schedule which provides some debug and
useful error messages in the event of common gotchas.
"""
if isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.coroutine):
self.log.critical(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
coroutine.log.error("This is the failing coroutine")
self.log.warning(
"Did you forget to add parentheses to the @test decorator?")
self._test_result = TestError(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self._terminate = True
return
elif not isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
self.log.critical(
"Attempt to add something to the scheduler which isn't a "
"coroutine")
self.log.warning(
"Got: %s (%s)" % (str(type(coroutine)), repr(coroutine)))
self.log.warning("Did you use the @coroutine decorator?")
self._test_result = TestError(
"Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self._terminate = True
return
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Adding new coroutine %s" % coroutine.__name__)
self.schedule(coroutine)
self.advance()
return coroutine
def new_test(self, coroutine):
self._entrypoint = coroutine
def schedule(self, coroutine, trigger=None):
"""Schedule a coroutine by calling the send method.
Args:
coroutine (cocotb.decorators.coroutine): The coroutine to schedule.
trigger (cocotb.triggers.Trigger): The trigger that caused this
coroutine to be scheduled.
"""
if trigger is None:
send_outcome = outcomes.Value(None)
else:
send_outcome = trigger._outcome
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling with {}".format(send_outcome))
try:
result = coroutine._advance(send_outcome)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine %s yielded %s (mode %d)" %
(coroutine.__name__, str(result), self._mode))
# TestComplete indication is game over, tidy up
except TestComplete as test_result:
# Tag that close down is needed, save the test_result
# for later use in cleanup handler
self.log.debug("TestComplete received: %s" % test_result.__class__.__name__)
self.finish_test(test_result)
return
# Normal coroutine completion
except cocotb.decorators.CoroutineComplete as exc:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Coroutine completed: %s" % str(coroutine))
self.unschedule(coroutine)
return
# Don't handle the result if we're shutting down
if self._terminate:
return
# convert lists into `First` Waitables.
if isinstance(result, list):
result = cocotb.triggers.First(*result)
# convert waitables into coroutines
if isinstance(result, cocotb.triggers.Waitable):
result = result._wait()
# convert coroutinues into triggers
if isinstance(result, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
if not result.has_started():
self.queue(result)
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Scheduling nested coroutine: %s" %
result.__name__)
else:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Joining to already running coroutine: %s" %
result.__name__)
result = result.join()
if isinstance(result, Trigger):
if _debug:
self.log.debug("%s: is instance of Trigger" % result)
self._coroutine_yielded(coroutine, result)
else:
msg = ("Coroutine %s yielded something the scheduler can't handle"
% str(coroutine))
msg += ("\nGot type: %s repr: %s str: %s" %
(type(result), repr(result), str(result)))
msg += "\nDid you forget to decorate with @cocotb.coroutine?"
try:
raise_error(self, msg)
except Exception as e:
self.finish_test(e)
# We do not return from here until pending threads have completed, but only
# from the main thread, this seems like it could be problematic in cases
# where a sim might change what this thread is.
def unblock_event(ext):
@cocotb.coroutine
def wrapper():
ext.event.set()
yield PythonTrigger()
if self._main_thread is threading.current_thread():
for ext in self._pending_threads:
ext.thread_start()
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Blocking from %s on %s" % (threading.current_thread(), ext.thread))
state = ext.thread_wait()
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Back from wait on self %s with newstate %d" % (threading.current_thread(), state))
if state == external_state.EXITED:
self._pending_threads.remove(ext)
self._pending_events.append(ext.event)
# Handle any newly queued coroutines that need to be scheduled
while self._pending_coros:
self.add(self._pending_coros.pop(0))
while self._pending_callbacks:
self._pending_callbacks.pop(0)()
def finish_test(self, test_result):
"""Cache the test result and set the terminate flag."""
self.log.debug("finish_test called with %s" % (repr(test_result)))
if not self._terminate:
self._terminate = True
self._test_result = test_result
self.cleanup()
def finish_scheduler(self, test_result):
"""Directly call into the regression manager and end test
once we return the sim will close us so no cleanup is needed.
"""
self.log.debug("Issue sim closedown result to regression object")
cocotb.regression_manager.handle_result(test_result)
def cleanup(self):
"""Clear up all our state.
Unprime all pending triggers and kill off any coroutines stop all externals.
"""
for trigger, waiting in dict(self._trigger2coros).items():
for coro in waiting:
if _debug:
self.log.debug("Killing %s" % str(coro))
coro.kill()
if self._main_thread is not threading.current_thread():
raise Exception("Cleanup() called outside of the main thread")
for ext in self._pending_threads:
self.log.warn("Waiting for %s to exit", ext.thread)
class Scheduler(object):
def __init__(self):
self.waiting = collections.defaultdict(list)
self.delay_waiting = collections.defaultdict(list)
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.scheduler")
self.writes = {}
self.writes_lock = threading.RLock()
self._remove = []
self._pending_adds = []
self._startpoint = None
self._terminate = False
self._test_result = None
self._do_cleanup = None
self._entry_lock = RLock()
self._external_trigger = threading.Semaphore(1)
self._external_trigger._value = False
self._external = False
self._readonly = False
self._react_timer = None
# Keep this last
self._readwrite = self.add(self.move_to_rw())
def react(self, trigger):
"""
React called when a trigger fires. We find any coroutines that are waiting on the particular
trigger and schedule them.
"""
trigger.log.debug("Fired!")
if isinstance(trigger, ReadOnly):
self.enable_react_delay()
self._readonly = True
if trigger not in self.waiting:
# This isn't actually an error - often might do event.set() without knowing
# whether any coroutines are actually waiting on this event
# NB should catch a GPI trigger cause that would be catestrophic
self.log.debug("Not waiting on triggger that fired! (%s)" % (str(trigger)))
return
# Scheduled coroutines may append to our waiting list
# so the first thing to do is pop all entries waiting
# on this trigger.
self._scheduling = self.waiting.pop(trigger)
to_run = len(self._scheduling)
self.log.debug("%d pending coroutines for event %s" % (to_run, trigger))
while self._scheduling:
coroutine = self._scheduling.pop(0)
del_list = trigger.clearpeers()
while del_list:
self.remove(del_list.pop(0))
self.schedule(coroutine, trigger=trigger)
self.log.debug("Scheduled coroutine %s" % (coroutine.__name__))
# Various interactions with the simulator cannot occur during
# ReadOnly event periods
if self._readonly is False:
# We may also have possible routines that need to be added since
# the exit from ReadOnly
for ptrigger, pwaiting in self.delay_waiting.items():
for pcoro in pwaiting:
self.delay_waiting[ptrigger].remove(pcoro)
self._add_trigger(ptrigger, pcoro)
del self.delay_waiting[ptrigger]
# If the python has caused any subsequent events to fire we might
# need to schedule more coroutines before we drop back into the
# simulator
self._entry_lock.acquire()
while self._pending_adds:
coroutine = self._pending_adds.pop(0)
self._entry_lock.release()
self.add(coroutine)
self._entry_lock.acquire()
self._entry_lock.release()
# If we've performed any writes that are cached then schedule
# another callback for the read-write part of the sim cycle, but
# if we are terminating then do not allow another callback to be
# scheduled, only do this if this trigger was not ReadOnly as
# Scheduling ReadWrite is a violation, it will be picked up
# on next react
if self._terminate is False and len(self.writes) and self._readwrite is None:
self._readwrite = self.add(self.move_to_rw())
return
def set_external(self):
""" Take the semaphore to indicate to the react later that there an external
is being added to the list
"""
# self._external_trigger.acquire()
self._external_trigger._value = True
def playout_writes(self):
if self.writes:
while self.writes:
handle, args = self.writes.popitem()
handle.setimmediatevalue(args)
def save_write(self, handle, args):
self.writes[handle]=args
def _add_trigger(self, trigger, coroutine):
"""Adds a new trigger which will cause the coroutine to continue when fired"""
try:
# If we are in readonly for the currently firing trigger then new coroutines
# are not added to the waiting list and primed, they are instead
# added to a secondary list of events that will then be handled on the next
# entry to react when we exit ReadOnly into NextTimeStep
if self._readonly is True:
self._entry_lock.acquire()
self.delay_waiting[trigger].append(coroutine)
self._entry_lock.release()
else:
self._entry_lock.acquire()
self.waiting[trigger].append(coroutine)
self._entry_lock.release()
# We drop the lock before calling out to the simulator (most likely consequence of prime)
trigger.prime(self.react)
except TestError as e:
self.waiting[trigger].remove(coroutine)
# Do not re-call raise_error since the error will already be logged at point of interest
raise e
except Exception as e:
self.waiting[trigger].remove(coroutine)
raise_error(self, "Unable to prime a trigger: %s" % str(e))
def queue(self, coroutine):
"""Queue a coroutine for execution"""
self._entry_lock.acquire()
self._pending_adds.append(coroutine)
self._entry_lock.release()
def add(self, coroutine):
"""Add a new coroutine. Required because we cant send to a just started generator (FIXME)"""
if isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.coroutine):
self.log.critical("Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
coroutine.log.error("This is the failing coroutine")
self.log.warning("Did you forget to add paranthesis to the @test decorator?")
self._result = TestError("Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self.cleanup()
return
elif not isinstance(coroutine, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
self.log.critical("Attempt to add something to the scheduler which isn't a coroutine")
self.log.warning("Got: %s (%s)" % (str(type(coroutine)), repr(coroutine)))
self.log.warning("Did you use the @coroutine decorator?")
self._result = TestError("Attempt to schedule a coroutine that hasn't started")
self.cleanup()
return
self.log.debug("Queuing new coroutine %s" % coroutine.__name__)
self.log.debug("Adding %s" % coroutine.__name__)
self.schedule(coroutine)
return coroutine
def new_test(self, coroutine):
self._startpoint = coroutine
def remove(self, trigger):
"""Remove a trigger from the list of pending coroutines"""
self._entry_lock.acquire()
self.waiting.pop(trigger)
self._entry_lock.release()
trigger.unprime()
def schedule_remove(self, coroutine, callback):
"""Adds the specified coroutine to the list of routines
That will be removed at the end of the current loop
"""
self._entry_lock.acquire()
self._remove.append((coroutine, callback))
self._entry_lock.release()
def prune_routines(self):
"""
Process the remove list that can have accumulatad during the
execution of a parent routine
"""
while self._remove:
self._entry_lock.acquire()
delroutine, cb = self._remove.pop(0)
for trigger, waiting in self.waiting.items():
for coro in waiting:
if coro is delroutine:
self.log.debug("Closing %s" % str(coro))
self._entry_lock.release()
cb()
self._entry_lock.acquire()
self.waiting[trigger].remove(coro)
self._entry_lock.release()
coro.close()
self._entry_lock.acquire()
# Clean up any triggers that no longer have pending coroutines
for trigger, waiting in self.waiting.items():
if not waiting:
self._entry_lock.release()
trigger.unprime()
self._entry_lock.acquire()
del self.waiting[trigger]
self._entry_lock.release()
def schedule(self, coroutine, trigger=None):
"""
Schedule a coroutine by calling the send method
Args:
coroutine (cocotb.decorators.coroutine): The coroutine to schedule
trigger (cocotb.triggers.Trigger): The trigger that caused this
coroutine to be scheduled
"""
if hasattr(trigger, "pass_retval"):
self.log.debug("Coroutine returned a retval")
sendval = trigger.retval
else:
coroutine.log.debug("Scheduling (%s)" % str(trigger))
sendval = trigger
try:
try:
result = coroutine.send(sendval)
# Normal co-routine completion
except cocotb.decorators.CoroutineComplete as exc:
self.log.debug("Coroutine completed execution with CoroutineComplete: %s" % str(coroutine))
# Call any pending callbacks that were waiting for this coroutine to exit
exc()
return
# Entries may have been added to the remove list while the
# coroutine was running, clear these down and deschedule
# before resuming
if self._terminate is False:
self.prune_routines()
if isinstance(result, Trigger):
self._add_trigger(result, coroutine)
elif isinstance(result, cocotb.decorators.RunningCoroutine):
if self._terminate is False:
self.log.debug("Scheduling nested co-routine: %s" % result.__name__)
# Queue current routine to schedule when the nested routine exits
self.queue(result)
new_trigger = result.join()
new_trigger.pass_retval = True
self._add_trigger(new_trigger, coroutine)
elif isinstance(result, list):
for trigger in result:
trigger.addpeers(result)
self._add_trigger(trigger, coroutine)
else:
msg = "Coroutine %s yielded something that was not a trigger or a coroutine!" % str(coroutine)
msg += "\nGot type: %s repr: %s str: %s" % (type(result), repr(result), str(result))
msg += "\nDid you forget to decorate with @cocotb.cocorutine?"
raise_error(self, msg)
# TestComplete indication is game over, tidy up
except TestComplete as test_result:
# Tag that close down is needed, save the test_result
# for later use in cleanup handler
# If we're already tearing down we ignore any further test results
# that may be raised. Required because currently Python triggers don't unprime
if not self._terminate:
self.finish_test(test_result)
return
coroutine.log.debug("Finished sheduling coroutine (%s)" % str(trigger))
def finish_scheduler(self, test_result):
# if the sim it's self has issued a close down then the
# normal shutdown will not work
self.cleanup()
self.issue_result(test_result)
def finish_test(self, test_result):
if not self._terminate:
self._terminate = True
self._test_result = test_result
self.cleanup()
self._do_cleanup = self.add(self.move_to_cleanup())
def cleanup(self):
""" Clear up all our state
Unprime all pending triggers and kill off any coroutines"""
for trigger, waiting in self.waiting.items():
for coro in waiting:
self.log.debug("Killing %s" % str(coro))
coro.kill()
def issue_result(self, test_result):
# Tell the handler what the result was
self.log.debug("Issue test result to regresssion object")
cocotb.regression.handle_result(test_result)
@cocotb.decorators.coroutine
def move_to_cleanup(self):
yield Timer(1)
self.prune_routines()
self._do_cleanup = None
self.issue_result(self._test_result)
self._test_result = None
# If another test was added to queue kick it off
self._terminate = False
if self._startpoint is not None:
newstart = self._startpoint
self._startpoint = None
self.add(newstart)
self.log.debug("Cleanup done")
@cocotb.decorators.coroutine
def move_to_rw(self):
yield ReadWrite()
self._readwrite = None
self.playout_writes()
@cocotb.decorators.coroutine
def internal_clock(self, clock):
while True:
yield RisingEdge(clock)
def enable_react_delay(self):
if self._react_timer is None:
self._react_timer = self.add(self.react_delay())
@cocotb.decorators.coroutine
def react_delay(self):
yield NextTimeStep()
self._react_timer = None
self._readonly = False
class RegressionManager(object):
"""Encapsulates all regression capability into a single place"""
def __init__(self, root_name, modules, tests=None):
"""
Args:
modules (list): A list of python module names to run
Kwargs
"""
self._queue = []
self._root_name = root_name
self._dut = None
self._modules = modules
self._functions = tests
self._running_test = None
self._cov = None
self.log = SimLog("cocotb.regression")
def initialise(self):
self.ntests = 0
self.count = 1
self.skipped = 0
self.failures = 0
self.xunit = XUnitReporter()
self.xunit.add_testsuite(name="all", tests=repr(self.ntests), package="all")
if coverage is not None:
self.log.info("Enabling coverage collection of Python code")
self._cov = coverage.coverage(branch=True, omit=["*cocotb*"])
self._cov.start()
handle = simulator.get_root_handle(self._root_name)
self._dut = cocotb.handle.SimHandle(handle) if handle else None
if self._dut is None:
raise AttributeError("Can not find Root Handle (%s)" % self._root_name)
# Auto discovery
for module_name in self._modules:
try:
module = _my_import(module_name)
except ImportError:
self.log.critical("Failed to import module %s", module_name)
self.log.info('MODULE variable was "%s"', ",".join(self._modules))
raise
if self._functions:
# Specific functions specified, don't auto discover
for test in self._functions.rsplit(","):
if not hasattr(module, test):
raise AttributeError("Test %s doesn't exist in %s" % (test, module_name))
self._queue.append(getattr(module, test)(self._dut))
self.ntests += 1
break
for thing in vars(module).values():
if hasattr(thing, "im_test"):
try:
test = thing(self._dut)
skip = test.skip
except TestError:
skip = True
self.log.warning("Failed to initialise test %s" % thing.name)
if skip:
self.log.info("Skipping test %s" % thing.name)
self.xunit.add_testcase(name=thing.name, classname=module_name, time="0.0")
self.xunit.add_skipped()
self.skipped += 1
else:
self._queue.append(test)
self.ntests += 1
self._queue.sort(key=lambda test: "%s.%s" % (test.module, test.funcname))
for valid_tests in self._queue:
self.log.info("Found test %s.%s" % (valid_tests.module, valid_tests.funcname))
def tear_down(self):
"""It's the end of the world as we know it"""
if self.failures:
self.log.error("Failed %d out of %d tests (%d skipped)" % (self.failures, self.count - 1, self.skipped))
else:
self.log.info("Passed %d tests (%d skipped)" % (self.count - 1, self.skipped))
if self._cov:
self._cov.stop()
self.log.info("Writing coverage data")
self._cov.save()
self._cov.html_report()
self.log.info("Shutting down...")
self.xunit.write()
simulator.stop_simulator()
def next_test(self):
"""Get the next test to run"""
if not self._queue:
return None
return self._queue.pop(0)
def handle_result(self, result):
"""Handle a test result
Dumps result to XML and schedules the next test (if any)
Args: result (TestComplete exception)
"""
self.xunit.add_testcase(
name=self._running_test.funcname,
classname=self._running_test.module,
time=repr(time.time() - self._running_test.start_time),
)
running_test_funcname = self._running_test.funcname
# Helper for logging result
def _result_was():
result_was = "%s (result was %s)" % (running_test_funcname, result.__class__.__name__)
return result_was
if (
isinstance(result, TestSuccess)
and not self._running_test.expect_fail
and not self._running_test.expect_error
):
self.log.info("Test Passed: %s" % running_test_funcname)
elif isinstance(result, TestFailure) and self._running_test.expect_fail:
self.log.info("Test failed as expected: " + _result_was())
elif isinstance(result, TestSuccess) and self._running_test.expect_error:
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected an error: " + _result_was())
self.xunit.add_failure(stdout=repr(str(result)), stderr="\n".join(self._running_test.error_messages))
self.failures += 1
elif isinstance(result, TestSuccess):
self.log.error("Test passed but we expected a failure: " + _result_was())
self.xunit.add_failure(stdout=repr(str(result)), stderr="\n".join(self._running_test.error_messages))
self.failures += 1
elif isinstance(result, TestError) and self._running_test.expect_error:
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
elif isinstance(result, SimFailure):
if self._running_test.expect_error:
self.log.info("Test errored as expected: " + _result_was())
else:
self.log.error("Test error has lead to simulator shuttting us " "down")
self.failures += 1
self.tear_down()
return
else:
self.log.error("Test Failed: " + _result_was())
self.xunit.add_failure(stdout=repr(str(result)), stderr="\n".join(self._running_test.error_messages))
self.failures += 1
self.execute()
def execute(self):
self._running_test = cocotb.regression.next_test()
if self._running_test:
# Want this to stand out a little bit
self.log.info(
"%sRunning test %d/%d:%s %s"
% (
ANSI.BLUE_BG + ANSI.BLACK_FG,
self.count,
self.ntests,
ANSI.DEFAULT_FG + ANSI.DEFAULT_BG,
self._running_test.funcname,
)
)
if self.count is 1:
test = cocotb.scheduler.add(self._running_test)
else:
test = cocotb.scheduler.new_test(self._running_test)
self.count += 1
else:
self.tear_down()