def generate(ngen,
surveyList=None,
pDistType='lnorm',
radialDistType='lfl06',
radialDistPars=7.5,
electronModel='ne2001',
pDistPars=[2.7, -0.34],
siDistPars=[-1.6, 0.35],
lumDistType='lnorm',
lumDistPars=[-1.1, 0.9],
zscaleType='exp',
zscale=0.33,
duty_percent=6.,
scindex=-3.86,
gpsArgs=[None, None],
doubleSpec=[None, None],
nostdout=False,
pattern='gaussian',
orbits=False):
"""
Generate a population of pulsars.
Keyword args:
ngen -- the number of pulsars to generate (or detect)
surveyList -- a list of surveys you want to use to try and detect
the pulsars
pDistType -- the pulsar period distribution model to use (def=lnorm)
radialDistType -- radial distribution model
electronModel -- mode to use for Galactic electron distribution
pDistPars -- parameters to use for period distribution
siDistPars -- parameters to use for spectral index distribution
lumDistPars -- parameters to use for luminosity distribution
radialDistPars -- parameters for radial distribution
zscale -- if using exponential z height, set it here (in kpc)
scindex -- spectral index of the scattering model
gpsArgs -- add GPS-type spectrum sources
doubleSpec -- add double-spectrum type sources
nostdout -- (bool) switch off stdout
"""
pop = Population()
# check that the distribution types are supported....
if lumDistType not in ['lnorm', 'pow']:
print "Unsupported luminosity distribution: {0}".format(lumDistType)
if pDistType not in ['lnorm', 'norm', 'cc97', 'lorimer12']:
print "Unsupported period distribution: {0}".format(pDistType)
if radialDistType not in ['lfl06', 'yk04', 'isotropic',
'slab', 'disk', 'gauss']:
print "Unsupported radial distribution: {0}".format(radialDistType)
if electronModel not in ['ne2001', 'lmt85']:
print "Unsupported electron model: {0}".format(electronModel)
if pattern not in ['gaussian', 'airy']:
print "Unsupported gain pattern: {0}".format(pattern)
if duty_percent < 0.:
print "Unsupported value of duty cycle: {0}".format(duty_percent)
# need to use properties in this class so they're get/set-type props
pop.pDistType = pDistType
pop.radialDistType = radialDistType
pop.electronModel = electronModel
pop.lumDistType = lumDistType
pop.rsigma = radialDistPars
pop.pmean, pop.psigma = pDistPars
pop.simean, pop.sisigma = siDistPars
pop.gpsFrac, pop.gpsA = gpsArgs
pop.brokenFrac, pop.brokenSI = doubleSpec
if pop.lumDistType == 'lnorm':
pop.lummean, pop.lumsigma = \
lumDistPars[0], lumDistPars[1]
else:
try:
pop.lummin, pop.lummax, pop.lumpow = \
lumDistPars[0], lumDistPars[1], lumDistPars[2]
except ValueError:
raise PopulateException('Not enough lum distn parameters')
pop.zscaleType = zscaleType
pop.zscale = zscale
# store the dict of arguments inside the model. Could be useful.
try:
argspec = inspect.getargspec(generate)
key_values = [(arg, locals()[arg]) for arg in argspec.args]
pop.arguments = {key: value for (key, value) in key_values}
except SyntaxError:
pass
if not nostdout:
print "\tGenerating pulsars with parameters:"
param_string_list = []
for key, value in key_values:
s = ": ".join([key, str(value)])
param_string_list.append(s)
# join this list of strings, and print it
s = "\n\t\t".join(param_string_list)
print "\t\t{0}".format(s)
# set up progress bar for fun :)
prog = ProgressBar(min_value=0,
max_value=ngen,
width=65,
mode='dynamic')
# create survey objects here and put them in a list
if surveyList is not None:
surveys = [Survey(s, pattern) for s in surveyList]
# initialise these counters to zero
for surv in surveys:
surv.ndet = 0 # number detected
surv.nout = 0 # number outside survey region
surv.nsmear = 0 # number smeared out
surv.ntf = 0 # number too faint
# surv.gainpat=pattern
else:
# make an empty list here - makes some code just a little
# simpler - can still loop over an empty list (ie zero times)
surveys = []
while pop.ndet < ngen:
# Declare new pulsar object
p = Pulsar()
# period, alpha, rho, width distribution calls
# Start creating the pulsar!
if pop.pDistType == 'lnorm':
p.period = dists.drawlnorm(pop.pmean, pop.psigma)
elif pop.pDistType == 'norm':
p.period = random.gauss(pop.pmean, pop.psigma)
elif pop.pDistType == 'cc97':
p.period = _cc97()
elif pop.pDistType == 'gamma':
print "Gamma function not yet supported"
sys.exit()
elif pop.pDistType == 'lorimer12':
p.period = _lorimer2012_msp_periods()
if duty_percent > 0.:
# use a simple duty cycle for each pulsar
# with a log-normal scatter
width = (float(duty_percent)/100.) * p.period**0.9
width = math.log10(width)
width = dists.drawlnorm(width, 0.3)
p.width_degree = width*360./p.period
else:
# use the model to caculate if beaming
p.alpha = _genAlpha()
p.rho, p.width_degree = _genRhoWidth(p)
if p.width_degree == 0.0 and p.rho == 0.0:
continue
# is pulsar beaming at us? If not, move on!
p.beaming = _beaming(p)
if not p.beaming:
continue
# Spectral index stuff here
# suppose it might be nice to be able to have GPS sources
# AND double spectra. But for now I assume only have one or
# none of these types.
if random.random() > pop.gpsFrac:
# This will evaluate true when gpsArgs[0] is NoneType
# might have to change in future
p.gpsFlag = 0
else:
p.gpsFlag = 1
p.gpsA = pop.gpsA
if random.random() > pop.brokenFrac:
p.brokenFlag = 0
else:
p.brokenFlag = 1
p.brokenSI = pop.brokenSI
p.spindex = random.gauss(pop.simean, pop.sisigma)
# get galactic position
# first, Galactic distribution models
if pop.radialDistType == 'isotropic':
# calculate gl and gb randomly
p.gb = math.degrees(math.asin(random.random()))
if random.random() < 0.5:
p.gb = 0.0 - p.gb
p.gl = random.random() * 360.0
# use gl and gb to compute galactic coordinates
# pretend the pulsar is at distance of 1kpc
# not sure why, ask Dunc!
p.galCoords = go.lb_to_xyz(p.gl, p.gb, 1.0)
elif pop.radialDistType == 'slab':
p.galCoords = go.slabDist()
p.gl, p.gb = go.xyz_to_lb(p.galCoords)
elif pop.radialDistType == 'disk':
p.galCoords = go.diskDist()
p.gl, p.gb = go.xyz_to_lb(p.galCoords)
else: # we want to use exponential z and a radial dist
if pop.radialDistType == 'lfl06':
p.r0 = go.lfl06()
elif pop.radialDistType == 'yk04':
p.r0 = go.ykr()
elif pop.radialDistType == 'gauss':
# guassian of mean 0
# and stdDev given by parameter (kpc)
p.r0 = random.gauss(0., pop.rsigma)
# then calc xyz,distance, l and b
if pop.zscaleType == 'exp':
zheight = go._double_sided_exp(zscale)
else:
zheight = random.gauss(0., zscale)
gx, gy = go.calcXY(p.r0)
p.galCoords = gx, gy, zheight
p.gl, p.gb = go.xyz_to_lb(p.galCoords)
p.dtrue = go.calc_dtrue(p.galCoords)
# then calc DM using fortran libs
if pop.electronModel == 'ne2001':
p.dm = go.ne2001_dist_to_dm(p.dtrue, p.gl, p.gb)
elif pop.electronModel == 'lmt85':
p.dm = go.lmt85_dist_to_dm(p.dtrue, p.gl, p.gb)
p.scindex = scindex
# then calc scatter time
p.t_scatter = go.scatter_bhat(p.dm, p.scindex)
if pop.lumDistType == 'lnorm':
p.lum_1400 = dists.drawlnorm(pop.lummean,
pop.lumsigma)
else:
p.lum_1400 = dists.powerlaw(pop.lummin,
pop.lummax,
pop.lumpow)
# add in orbital parameters
if orbits:
orbitalparams.test_1802_2124(p)
print p.gb, p.gl
# if no surveys, just generate ngen pulsars
if surveyList is None:
pop.population.append(p)
pop.ndet += 1
if not nostdout:
prog.increment_amount()
print prog, '\r',
sys.stdout.flush()
# if surveys are given, check if pulsar detected or not
# in ANY of the surveys
else:
# just a flag to increment if pulsar is detected
detect_int = 0
for surv in surveys:
# do SNR calculation
SNR = surv.SNRcalc(p, pop)
if SNR > surv.SNRlimit:
# SNR is over threshold
# increment the flag
# and survey ndetected
detect_int += 1
surv.ndet += 1
continue
elif SNR == -1:
# pulse is smeared out
surv.nsmear += 1
continue
elif SNR == -2:
# pulsar is outside survey region
surv.nout += 1
continue
else:
# pulsar is just too faint
surv.ntf += 1
continue
# add the pulsar to the population
pop.population.append(p)
# if detected, increment ndet (for whole population)
# and redraw the progress bar
if detect_int:
pop.ndet += 1
if not nostdout:
prog.increment_amount()
print prog, '\r',
sys.stdout.flush()
# print info to stdout
if not nostdout:
print "\n"
print " Total pulsars = {0}".format(len(pop.population))
print " Total detected = {0}".format(pop.ndet)
# print " Number not beaming = {0}".format(surv.nnb)
for surv in surveys:
print "\n Results for survey '{0}'".format(surv.surveyName)
print " Number detected = {0}".format(surv.ndet)
print " Number too faint = {0}".format(surv.ntf)
print " Number smeared = {0}".format(surv.nsmear)
print " Number outside survey area = {0}".format(surv.nout)
return pop
def generate(ngen,
surveyList=None,
pDistType='lnorm',
radialDistType='lfl06',
radialDistPars=7.5,
electronModel='ne2001',
pDistPars=[2.7, -0.34],
siDistPars=[-1.6, 0.35],
lumDistType='lnorm',
lumDistPars=[-1.1, 0.9],
zscaleType='exp',
zscale=0.33,
duty_percent=6.,
scindex=-3.86,
gpsArgs=[None, None],
doubleSpec=[None, None],
nostdout=False,
pattern='gaussian',
orbits=False):
"""
Generate a population of pulsars.
Keyword args:
ngen -- the number of pulsars to generate (or detect)
surveyList -- a list of surveys you want to use to try and detect
the pulsars
pDistType -- the pulsar period distribution model to use (def=lnorm)
radialDistType -- radial distribution model
electronModel -- mode to use for Galactic electron distribution
pDistPars -- parameters to use for period distribution
siDistPars -- parameters to use for spectral index distribution
lumDistPars -- parameters to use for luminosity distribution
radialDistPars -- parameters for radial distribution
zscale -- if using exponential z height, set it here (in kpc)
scindex -- spectral index of the scattering model
gpsArgs -- add GPS-type spectrum sources
doubleSpec -- add double-spectrum type sources
nostdout -- (bool) switch off stdout
"""
pop = Population()
# check that the distribution types are supported....
if lumDistType not in ['lnorm', 'pow']:
print "Unsupported luminosity distribution: {0}".format(lumDistType)
#if pDistType not in ['lnorm', 'norm', 'cc97', 'lorimer12']:
# print "Unsupported period distribution: {0}".format(pDistType)
if pDistType not in ['lnorm', 'norm', 'cc97', 'lorimer12', 'lorimer15']:
print "Unsupported period distribution: {0}".format(pDistType)
if radialDistType not in [
'lfl06', 'yk04', 'isotropic', 'slab', 'disk', 'gauss'
]:
print "Unsupported radial distribution: {0}".format(radialDistType)
# Edited by Shi Dai, 2017/03/22
if electronModel not in ['ne2001', 'lmt85', 'ymw16']:
print "Unsupported electron model: {0}".format(electronModel)
if pattern not in ['gaussian', 'airy']:
print "Unsupported gain pattern: {0}".format(pattern)
if duty_percent < 0.:
print "Unsupported value of duty cycle: {0}".format(duty_percent)
# need to use properties in this class so they're get/set-type props
pop.pDistType = pDistType
pop.radialDistType = radialDistType
pop.electronModel = electronModel
pop.lumDistType = lumDistType
pop.rsigma = radialDistPars
pop.pmean, pop.psigma = pDistPars
pop.simean, pop.sisigma = siDistPars
pop.gpsFrac, pop.gpsA = gpsArgs
pop.brokenFrac, pop.brokenSI = doubleSpec
if pop.lumDistType == 'lnorm':
pop.lummean, pop.lumsigma = \
lumDistPars[0], lumDistPars[1]
else:
try:
pop.lummin, pop.lummax, pop.lumpow = \
lumDistPars[0], lumDistPars[1], lumDistPars[2]
except ValueError:
raise PopulateException('Not enough lum distn parameters')
pop.zscaleType = zscaleType
pop.zscale = zscale
# store the dict of arguments inside the model. Could be useful.
try:
argspec = inspect.getargspec(generate)
key_values = [(arg, locals()[arg]) for arg in argspec.args]
pop.arguments = {key: value for (key, value) in key_values}
except SyntaxError:
pass
if not nostdout:
print "\tGenerating pulsars with parameters:"
param_string_list = []
for key, value in key_values:
s = ": ".join([key, str(value)])
param_string_list.append(s)
# join this list of strings, and print it
s = "\n\t\t".join(param_string_list)
print "\t\t{0}".format(s)
# set up progress bar for fun :)
prog = ProgressBar(min_value=0,
max_value=ngen,
width=65,
mode='dynamic')
# create survey objects here and put them in a list
if surveyList is not None:
surveys = [Survey(s, absolute_importpattern) for s in surveyList]
# initialise these counters to zero
for surv in surveys:
surv.ndet = 0 # number detected
surv.nout = 0 # number outside survey region
surv.nsmear = 0 # number smeared out
surv.ntf = 0 # number too faint
# surv.gainpat=pattern
else:
# make an empty list here - makes some code just a little
# simpler - can still loop over an empty list (ie zero times)
surveys = []
Lorimer15 = np.loadtxt(
'/Users/dai02a/Soft/psrpop/PsrPopPy/lib/python/lorimer15')
while pop.ndet < ngen:
# Declare new pulsar object
p = Pulsar()
# period, alpha, rho, width distribution calls
# Start creating the pulsar!
if pop.pDistType == 'lnorm':
p.period = dists.drawlnorm(pop.pmean, pop.psigma)
elif pop.pDistType == 'norm':
p.period = random.gauss(pop.pmean, pop.psigma)
elif pop.pDistType == 'cc97':
p.period = _cc97()
elif pop.pDistType == 'gamma':
print "Gamma function not yet supported"
sys.exit()
elif pop.pDistType == 'lorimer12':
p.period = _lorimer2012_msp_periods()
elif pop.pDistType == 'lorimer15':
#p.period = _lorimer2015_msp_periods()
p.period = Lorimer15[pop.ndet]
if duty_percent > 0.:
# use a simple duty cycle for each pulsar
# with a log-normal scatter
width = (float(duty_percent) / 100.) * p.period**0.9
width = math.log10(width)
width = dists.drawlnorm(width, 0.3)
p.width_degree = width * 360. / p.period
else:
# use the model to caculate if beaming
p.alpha = _genAlpha()
p.rho, p.width_degree = _genRhoWidth(p)
if p.width_degree == 0.0 and p.rho == 0.0:
continue
# is pulsar beaming at us? If not, move on!
p.beaming = _beaming(p)
if not p.beaming:
continue
# Spectral index stuff here
# suppose it might be nice to be able to have GPS sources
# AND double spectra. But for now I assume only have one or
# none of these types.
if random.random() > pop.gpsFrac:
# This will evaluate true when gpsArgs[0] is NoneType
# might have to change in future
p.gpsFlag = 0
else:
p.gpsFlag = 1
p.gpsA = pop.gpsA
if random.random() > pop.brokenFrac:
p.brokenFlag = 0
else:
p.brokenFlag = 1
p.brokenSI = pop.brokenSI
p.spindex = random.gauss(pop.simean, pop.sisigma)
# get galactic position
# first, Galactic distribution models
if pop.radialDistType == 'isotropic':
# calculate gl and gb randomly
p.gb = math.degrees(math.asin(random.random()))
if random.random() < 0.5:
p.gb = 0.0 - p.gb
p.gl = random.random() * 360.0
# use gl and gb to compute galactic coordinates
# pretend the pulsar is at distance of 1kpc
# not sure why, ask Dunc!
p.galCoords = go.lb_to_xyz(p.gl, p.gb, 1.0)
elif pop.radialDistType == 'slab':
p.galCoords = go.slabDist()
p.gl, p.gb = go.xyz_to_lb(p.galCoords)
elif pop.radialDistType == 'disk':
p.galCoords = go.diskDist()
p.gl, p.gb = go.xyz_to_lb(p.galCoords)
else: # we want to use exponential z and a radial dist
if pop.radialDistType == 'lfl06':
p.r0 = go.lfl06()
elif pop.radialDistType == 'yk04':
p.r0 = go.ykr()
elif pop.radialDistType == 'gauss':
# guassian of mean 0
# and stdDev given by parameter (kpc)
p.r0 = random.gauss(0., pop.rsigma)
# then calc xyz,distance, l and b
if pop.zscaleType == 'exp':
zheight = go._double_sided_exp(zscale)
else:
zheight = random.gauss(0., zscale)
gx, gy = go.calcXY(p.r0)
p.galCoords = gx, gy, zheight
p.gl, p.gb = go.xyz_to_lb(p.galCoords)
p.dtrue = go.calc_dtrue(p.galCoords)
# Edited by Shi Dai, 2017/03/22
# then calc DM using fortran libs
#if pop.electronModel == 'ne2001':
# p.dm = go.ne2001_dist_to_dm(p.dtrue, p.gl, p.gb)
#elif pop.electronModel == 'lmt85':
# p.dm = go.lmt85_dist_to_dm(p.dtrue, p.gl, p.gb)
#p.scindex = scindex
## then calc scatter time
#p.t_scatter = go.scatter_bhat(p.dm, p.scindex)
if pop.electronModel == 'ne2001':
p.dm = go.ne2001_dist_to_dm(p.dtrue, p.gl, p.gb)
p.t_scatter = go.scatter_bhat(p.dm, p.scindex)
elif pop.electronModel == 'lmt85':
p.dm = go.lmt85_dist_to_dm(p.dtrue, p.gl, p.gb)
p.t_scatter = go.scatter_bhat(p.dm, p.scindex)
elif pop.electronModel == 'ymw16':
p.dm, p.t_scatter = go.ymw16_dist_to_dm(p.dtrue, p.gl, p.gb)
p.scindex = scindex
# then calc scatter time
if pop.lumDistType == 'lnorm':
p.lum_1400 = dists.drawlnorm(pop.lummean, pop.lumsigma)
else:
p.lum_1400 = dists.powerlaw(pop.lummin, pop.lummax, pop.lumpow)
# add in orbital parameters
if orbits:
orbitalparams.test_1802_2124(p)
print p.gb, p.gl
# if no surveys, just generate ngen pulsars
if surveyList is None:
calc_delta(p)
pop.population.append(p)
pop.ndet += 1
if not nostdout:
prog.increment_amount()
print prog, '\r',
sys.stdout.flush()
# if surveys are given, check if pulsar detected or not
# in ANY of the surveys
else:
# just a flag to increment if pulsar is detected
detect_int = 0
for surv in surveys:
# do SNR calculation
SNR = surv.SNRcalc(p, pop)
if SNR > surv.SNRlimit:
# SNR is over threshold
# increment the flag
# and survey ndetected
detect_int += 1
surv.ndet += 1
continue
elif SNR == -1:
# pulse is smeared out
surv.nsmear += 1
continue
elif SNR == -2:
# pulsar is outside survey region
surv.nout += 1
continue
else:
# pulsar is just too faint
surv.ntf += 1
continue
# added by Shi Dai, 2017/02/07
#p.snr = SNR
# add the pulsar to the population
pop.population.append(p)
# if detected, increment ndet (for whole population)
# and redraw the progress bar
if detect_int:
pop.ndet += 1
if not nostdout:
prog.increment_amount()
print prog, '\r',
sys.stdout.flush()
# print info to stdout
if not nostdout:
print "\n"
print " Total pulsars = {0}".format(len(pop.population))
print " Total detected = {0}".format(pop.ndet)
# print " Number not beaming = {0}".format(surv.nnb)
for surv in surveys:
print "\n Results for survey '{0}'".format(surv.surveyName)
print " Number detected = {0}".format(surv.ndet)
print " Number too faint = {0}".format(surv.ntf)
print " Number smeared = {0}".format(surv.nsmear)
print " Number outside survey area = {0}".format(surv.nout)
return pop