def plot_sounding(date, station):
p, T, Td, u, v, windspeed = get_sounding_data(date, station)
lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature = mpcalc.lcl(p[0], T[0], Td[0])
lfc_pressure, lfc_temperature = mpcalc.lfc(p, T, Td)
parcel_path = mpcalc.parcel_profile(p, T[0], Td[0]).to('degC')
# Create a new figure. The dimensions here give a good aspect ratio
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
skew = SkewT(fig)
# Plot the data
temperature_line, = skew.plot(p, T, color='tab:red')
dewpoint_line, = skew.plot(p, Td, color='blue')
cursor = mplcursors.cursor([temperature_line, dewpoint_line])
# Plot thermodynamic parameters and parcel path
skew.plot(p, parcel_path, color='black')
if lcl_pressure:
skew.ax.axhline(lcl_pressure, color='black')
if lfc_pressure:
skew.ax.axhline(lfc_pressure, color='0.7')
# Add the relevant special lines
skew.ax.axvline(0, color='c', linestyle='--', linewidth=2)
skew.plot_dry_adiabats()
skew.plot_moist_adiabats()
skew.plot_mixing_lines()
# Shade areas representing CAPE and CIN
skew.shade_cin(p, T, parcel_path)
skew.shade_cape(p, T, parcel_path)
# Add wind barbs
skew.plot_barbs(p, u, v)
# Add an axes to the plot
ax_hod = inset_axes(skew.ax, '30%', '30%', loc=1, borderpad=3)
# Plot the hodograph
h = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=100.)
# Grid the hodograph
h.add_grid(increment=20)
# Plot the data on the hodograph
mask = (p >= 100 * units.mbar)
h.plot_colormapped(u[mask], v[mask], windspeed[mask]) # Plot a line colored by wind speed
# Set some sensible axis limits
skew.ax.set_ylim(1000, 100)
skew.ax.set_xlim(-40, 60)
return fig, skew
def test_hodograph_api():
"""Basic test of Hodograph API."""
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 9))
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
hodo = Hodograph(ax, component_range=60)
hodo.add_grid(increment=5, color='k')
hodo.plot([1, 10], [1, 10], color='red')
hodo.plot_colormapped(np.array([1, 3, 5, 10]), np.array([2, 4, 6, 11]),
np.array([0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.9]), cmap='Greys')
return fig
def test_hodograph_plot_colormapped():
"""Test hodograph colored line with NaN values."""
u = np.arange(5., 65., 5)
v = np.arange(-5., -65., -5)
u[3] = np.nan
v[6] = np.nan
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 9))
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
hodo = Hodograph(ax, component_range=80)
hodo.add_grid(increment=20, color='k')
hodo.plot_colormapped(u, v, np.hypot(u, v), cmap='Greys')
return fig
def test_hodograph_plot_arbitrary_layer():
"""Test hodograph colored layers for arbitrary variables without interpolation."""
u = np.arange(5, 65, 5) * units('knot')
v = np.arange(-5, -65, -5) * units('knot')
speed = np.sqrt(u ** 2 + v ** 2)
colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue']
levels = [0, 10, 20, 30] * units('knot')
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 9))
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
hodo = Hodograph(ax, component_range=80)
hodo.add_grid(increment=20, color='k')
hodo.plot_colormapped(u, v, speed, bounds=levels, colors=colors)
return fig
def test_hodograph_plot_arbitrary_layer():
"""Test hodograph colored layers for arbitrary variables without interpolation."""
u = np.arange(5, 65, 5) * units('knot')
v = np.arange(-5, -65, -5) * units('knot')
speed = np.sqrt(u**2 + v**2)
colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue']
levels = [0, 10, 20, 30] * units('knot')
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 9))
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
hodo = Hodograph(ax, component_range=80)
hodo.add_grid(increment=20, color='k')
hodo.plot_colormapped(u, v, speed, bounds=levels, colors=colors)
return fig
def test_hodograph_plot_layers_bound_units():
"""Test hodograph colored height layers with interpolation and different units."""
u = np.zeros((6)) * units.knots
v = np.array([0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50]) * units.knots
heights = np.array([0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000]) * units.m
bounds = np.array([0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5]) * units.km
colors = ['r', 'g', 'b', 'r']
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(7, 7))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
h = Hodograph(ax1)
h.add_grid(increment=10)
h.plot_colormapped(u, v, heights, colors=colors, bounds=bounds)
ax1.set_xlim(-50, 50)
ax1.set_ylim(-5, 50)
return fig
def test_hodograph_plot_layers_different_units():
"""Test hodograph colored height layers with interpolation and different units."""
u = np.zeros(6) * units.knots
v = np.array([0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50]) * units.knots
heights = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) * units.km
intervals = np.array([500, 1500, 2500, 3500, 4500]) * units.m
colors = ['r', 'g', 'b', 'r']
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(7, 7))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
h = Hodograph(ax1)
h.add_grid(increment=10)
h.plot_colormapped(u, v, heights, colors=colors, intervals=intervals)
ax1.set_xlim(-50, 50)
ax1.set_ylim(-5, 50)
return fig
def test_hodograph_plot_layers_bound_units():
"""Test hodograph colored height layers with interpolation and different units."""
u = np.zeros((6)) * units.knots
v = np.array([0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50]) * units.knots
heights = np.array([0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000]) * units.m
bounds = np.array([0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5]) * units.km
colors = ['r', 'g', 'b', 'r']
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(7, 7))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
h = Hodograph(ax1)
h.add_grid(increment=10)
h.plot_colormapped(u, v, heights, colors=colors, bounds=bounds)
ax1.set_xlim(-50, 50)
ax1.set_ylim(-5, 50)
return fig
def test_hodograph_plot_layers():
"""Test hodograph colored height layers with interpolation."""
u = np.arange(5, 65, 5) * units('knot')
v = np.arange(-5, -65, -5) * units('knot')
h = [178, 213, 610, 656, 721, 914, 1060, 1219, 1372, 1412, 1512, 1524
] * units('meter')
colors = ['red', 'green']
levels = [0, 500, 1000] * units('meter')
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 9))
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
hodo = Hodograph(ax, component_range=80)
hodo.add_grid(increment=20, color='k')
hodo.plot_colormapped(u, v, h, bounds=levels, colors=colors)
return fig
def plot_skewt(df):
# We will pull the data out of the example dataset into individual variables
# and assign units.
hght = df['height'].values * units.hPa
p = df['pressure'].values * units.hPa
T = df['temperature'].values * units.degC
Td = df['dewpoint'].values * units.degC
wind_speed = df['speed'].values * units.knots
wind_dir = df['direction'].values * units.degrees
u, v = mpcalc.wind_components(wind_speed, wind_dir)
# Create a new figure. The dimensions here give a good aspect ratio.
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 12))
skew = SkewT(fig, rotation=45)
# Plot the data using normal plotting functions, in this case using
# log scaling in Y, as dictated by the typical meteorological plot
skew.plot(p, T, 'r')
skew.plot(p, Td, 'g')
skew.plot_barbs(p, u, v)
skew.ax.set_ylim(1000, 100)
skew.ax.set_xlim(-40, 60)
# Calculate LCL height and plot as black dot
lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature = mpcalc.lcl(p[0], T[0], Td[0])
skew.plot(lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature, 'ko', markerfacecolor='black')
# Calculate full parcel profile and add to plot as black line
prof = mpcalc.parcel_profile(p, T[0], Td[0]).to('degC')
skew.plot(p, prof, 'k', linewidth=2)
# An example of a slanted line at constant T -- in this case the 0
# isotherm
skew.ax.axvline(0, color='c', linestyle='--', linewidth=2)
# Add the relevant special lines
skew.plot_dry_adiabats()
skew.plot_moist_adiabats()
skew.plot_mixing_lines()
# Create a hodograph
ax_hod = inset_axes(skew.ax, '40%', '40%', loc=2)
h = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=80.)
h.add_grid(increment=20)
h.plot_colormapped(u, v, hght)
return skew
def plotUAVskewT(filenamecsv):
'''
Input filepath of post-processed uav data
Outputs Skew-T log-p plot of UAV data, includes hodograph and some
convective parameters
'''
copdata = csvread_copter(filenamecsv)
lat = copdata[0]
lon = copdata[1]
alt = copdata[2]
pressure = copdata[3]
temperature = copdata[4]
dewpoint = copdata[5]
speed = copdata[9]
speed_kts = speed * 1.94
direction = copdata[10]
site = findSite(lat[0], lon[0])
sitename, sitelong = site.split('/')
fname = filenamecsv.split('\\')[-1]
timeTakeoff = datetime.strptime(fname[:15], '%Y%m%d_%H%M%S')
copterNum = fname[-10]
u,v = mcalc.get_wind_components(speed_kts*units.kts, direction * units.deg)
u = u.to(units.kts)
v = v.to(units.kts)
# Wind shear
bulkshear = speed_kts[-3] - speed_kts[0]
print '0-%d m Bulk Shear: %.0f kts' % (alt[-3], bulkshear)
if np.isnan(dewpoint).all():
moist = 0
else:
moist = 1
print 'Plotting...'
fignum = plt.figure(figsize=(12,9))
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(4, 4)
skew = SkewT(fignum, rotation=20, subplot=gs[:, :2])
skew.plot(pressure, temperature, 'r', linewidth = 2)
skew.plot(pressure, dewpoint, 'g', linewidth = 2)
skew.plot_barbs(pressure[0::4], u[0::4], v[0::4], x_clip_radius = 0.12, \
y_clip_radius = 0.12)
# Plot convective parameters
if moist:
plcl, Tlcl, isbelowlcl, profile = parcelUAV(temperature,
dewpoint, pressure)
SBCAPE = uavCAPE(temperature * units.degC, profile,
pressure * units.hPa)
skew.plot(plcl, Tlcl, 'ko', markerfacecolor='black')
skew.plot(pressure, profile, 'k', linewidth=2)
else:
isbelowlcl = 0
# set up plot limits and labels - use LCL as max if higher than profile
# if moist:
# xmin = math.floor(np.nanmin(dewpoint)) + 2
# else:
# xmin = math.floor(np.nanmin(temperature))
# xmax = math.floor(np.nanmax(temperature)) + 20
xmin = 0.
xmax = 50.
if isbelowlcl:
ymin = round((plcl / units.mbar), -1) - 10
else:
ymin = round(np.nanmin(pressure),-1) - 10
ymax = round(np.nanmax(pressure),-1) + 10
skew.ax.set_ylim(ymax, ymin)
skew.ax.set_xlim(xmin, xmax)
skew.ax.set_yticks(np.arange(ymin, ymax+10, 10))
skew.ax.set_xlabel('Temperature ($^\circ$C)')
skew.ax.set_ylabel('Pressure (hPa)')
titleName = 'Coptersonde-%s %s UTC - %s' % (copterNum,
timeTakeoff.strftime('%d-%b-%Y %H:%M:%S'), sitename)
skew.ax.set_title(titleName)
skew.plot_dry_adiabats(linewidth=0.75)
skew.plot_moist_adiabats(linewidth=0.75)
skew.plot_mixing_lines(linewidth=0.75)
# Hodograph
ax_hod = fignum.add_subplot(gs[:2,2:])
#gs.tight_layout(fig5)
if np.nanmax(speed_kts) > 18:
comprange = 35
else:
comprange = 20
h = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=comprange)
h.add_grid(increment=5)
h.plot_colormapped(u, v, pressure, cmap=cmocean.cm.deep_r)
ax_hod.set_title('Hodograph (kts)')
ax_hod.yaxis.set_ticklabels([])
#ax_hod.set_xlabel('Wind Speed (kts)')
# Map - Oklahoma
llcrnrlat = 33.6
urcrnrlat = 37.2
llcrnrlon = -103.2
urcrnrlon = -94.2
ax_map = fignum.add_subplot(gs[2, 2:])
m = Basemap(projection='merc', llcrnrlat=llcrnrlat, urcrnrlat=urcrnrlat,
llcrnrlon=llcrnrlon,urcrnrlon=urcrnrlon, lat_ts=20, resolution='l',
ax=ax_map)
print 'Basemap...'
m.drawcounties()
m.drawstates()
x,y = m(lon[0], lat[0])
plt.plot(x,y,'b.')
plt.text(x+40000, y-5000, sitelong,
bbox=dict(facecolor='yellow', alpha=0.5))
if moist:
# Convective parameter values
ax_data = fignum.add_subplot(gs[3, 2])
plt.axis('off')
datastr = 'LCL = %.0f hPa\nSBCAPE = %.0f J kg$^{-1}$\n0-%.0f m bulk shear\n\
= %.0f kts' % \
(plcl.magnitude, SBCAPE.magnitude, alt[-3], bulkshear)
boxprops = dict(boxstyle='round', facecolor='none')
ax_data.text(0.05, 0.95, datastr, transform=ax_data.transAxes,
fontsize=14, verticalalignment='top', bbox=boxprops)
# Logos
ax_png = fignum.add_subplot(gs[3, 3])
img = mpimg.imread(logoName)
plt.axis('off')
plt.imshow(img)
else:
# Logos
ax_png = fignum.add_subplot(gs[3, 2:])
img = mpimg.imread(logoName)
plt.axis('off')
plt.imshow(img)
plt.show(block=False)
return
def process_skewt(self):
# Calculation
index_p100 = get_pressure_level_index(self.p_i, 100)
lcl_p, lcl_t = mpcalc.lcl(self.p_i[0], self.t_i[0], self.td_i[0])
lfc_p, lfc_t = mpcalc.lfc(self.p_i, self.t_i, self.td_i)
el_p, el_t = mpcalc.el(self.p_i, self.t_i, self.td_i)
prof = mpcalc.parcel_profile(self.p_i, self.t_i[0], self.td_i[0]).to('degC')
cape, cin = mpcalc.cape_cin(self.p_i, self.t_i, self.td_i, prof)
mucape, mucin = mpcalc.most_unstable_cape_cin(self.p_i, self.t_i, self.td_i)
pwat = mpcalc.precipitable_water(self.td_i, self.p_i)
i8 = get_pressure_level_index(self.p_i, 850)
i7 = get_pressure_level_index(self.p_i, 700)
i5 = get_pressure_level_index(self.p_i, 500)
theta850 = mpcalc.equivalent_potential_temperature(850 * units('hPa'), self.t_i[i8], self.td_i[i5])
theta500 = mpcalc.equivalent_potential_temperature(500 * units('hPa'), self.t_i[i5], self.td_i[i5])
thetadiff = theta850 - theta500
k = self.t_i[i8] - self.t_i[i5] + self.td_i[i8] - (self.t_i[i7] - self.td_i[i7])
a = ((self.t_i[i8] - self.t_i[i5]) - (self.t_i[i8] - self.td_i[i5]) -
(self.t_i[i7] - self.td_i[i7]) - (self.t_i[i5] - self.td_i[i5]))
sw = c_sweat(np.array(self.t_i[i8].magnitude), np.array(self.td_i[i8].magnitude),
np.array(self.t_i[i5].magnitude), np.array(self.u_i[i8].magnitude),
np.array(self.v_i[i8].magnitude), np.array(self.u_i[i5].magnitude),
np.array(self.v_i[i5].magnitude))
si = showalter_index(self.t_i[i8], self.td_i[i8], self.t_i[i5])
li = lifted_index(self.t_i[0], self.td_i[0], self.p_i[0], self.t_i[i5])
srh_pos, srh_neg, srh_tot = mpcalc.storm_relative_helicity(self.u_i, self.v_i, self.alt, 1000 * units('m'))
sbcape, sbcin = mpcalc.surface_based_cape_cin(self.p_i, self.t_i, self.td_i)
shr6km = mpcalc.bulk_shear(self.p_i, self.u_i, self.v_i, heights=self.alt, depth=6000 * units('m'))
wshr6km = mpcalc.wind_speed(*shr6km)
sigtor = mpcalc.significant_tornado(sbcape, delta_height(self.p_i[0], lcl_p), srh_tot, wshr6km)[0]
# Plotting
self.ax.set_ylim(1050, 100)
self.ax.set_xlim(-40, 50)
self.plot(self.p_i, self.t_i, 'r', linewidth=1)
self.plot(self.p_i[:self.dp_idx], self.td_i[:self.dp_idx], 'g', linewidth=1)
self.plot_barbs(self.p_i[:index_p100], self.u_i[:index_p100] * 1.94, self.v_i[:index_p100] * 1.94)
self.plot(lcl_p, lcl_t, 'ko', markerfacecolor='black')
self.plot(self.p_i, prof, 'k', linewidth=2)
if cin.magnitude < 0:
chi = -1 * cin.magnitude
self.shade_cin(self.p_i, self.t_i, prof)
elif cin.magnitude > 0:
chi = cin.magnitude
self.shade_cin(self.p_i, self.t_i, prof)
else:
chi = 0.
self.shade_cape(self.p_i, self.t_i, prof)
self.plot_dry_adiabats(linewidth=0.5)
self.plot_moist_adiabats(linewidth=0.5)
self.plot_mixing_lines(linewidth=0.5)
plt.title('Skew-T Plot \nStation: {} Time: {}'.format(self.st, self.time.strftime('%Y.%m.%d %H:%M')), fontsize=14, loc='left')
# Add hodograph
ax = self._fig.add_axes([0.95, 0.71, 0.17, 0.17])
h = Hodograph(ax, component_range=50)
h.add_grid(increment=20)
h.plot_colormapped(self.u_i[:index_p100], self.v_i[:index_p100], self.alt[:index_p100], linewidth=1.2)
# Annotate parameters
# Annotate names
namelist = ['CAPE', 'CIN', 'MUCAPE', 'PWAT', 'K', 'A', 'SWEAT', 'LCL', 'LFC', 'EL', 'SI', 'LI', 'T850-500',
'θse850-500', 'SRH', 'STP']
xcor = -50
ycor = -90
spacing = -9
for nm in namelist:
ax.text(xcor, ycor, '{}: '.format(nm), fontsize=10)
ycor += spacing
# Annotate values
varlist = [cape, chi, mucape, pwat, k, a, sw, lcl_p, lfc_p, el_p, si, li, self.t_i[i8] - self.t_i[i5], thetadiff,
srh_tot, sigtor]
xcor = 10
ycor = -90
for v in varlist:
if hasattr(v, 'magnitude'):
v = v.magnitude
ax.text(xcor, ycor, str(np.round_(v, 2)), fontsize=10)
ycor += spacing
# Annotate units
unitlist = ['J/kg', 'J/kg', 'J/kg', 'mm', '°C', '°C', '', 'hPa', 'hPa', 'hPa', '°C', '°C', '°C', '°C']
xcor = 45
ycor = -90
for u in unitlist:
ax.text(xcor, ycor, ' {}'.format(u), fontsize=10)
ycor += spacing
skew.ax.set_xlim(-40, 60) # Plot LCL as black dot skew.plot(lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature, 'ko', markerfacecolor='black') # Plot the parcel profile as a black line skew.plot(p, parcel_prof, 'k', linewidth=2) # Shade areas of CAPE and CIN skew.shade_cin(p, T, parcel_prof) skew.shade_cape(p, T, parcel_prof) # Plot a zero degree isotherm skew.ax.axvline(0, color='c', linestyle='--', linewidth=2) # Add the relevant special lines skew.plot_dry_adiabats() skew.plot_moist_adiabats() skew.plot_mixing_lines() # Create a hodograph # Create an inset axes object that is 40% width and height of the # figure and put it in the upper right hand corner. ax_hod = inset_axes(skew.ax, '40%', '40%', loc=1) h = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=80.) h.add_grid(increment=20) h.plot_colormapped(u, v, wind_speed) # Plot a line colored by wind speed # Show the plot plt.show()
def plot_upper_air(station='11035', date=False):
'''
-----------------------------
Default use of plot_upper_air:
This will plot a SkewT sounding for station '11035' (Wien Hohe Warte)
plot_upper_air(station='11035', date=False)
'''
# sns.set(rc={'axes.facecolor':'#343837', 'figure.facecolor':'#343837',
# 'grid.linestyle':'','axes.labelcolor':'#04d8b2','text.color':'#04d8b2',
# 'xtick.color':'#04d8b2','ytick.color':'#04d8b2'})
# Get time in UTC
station = str(station)
if date is False:
now = datetime.utcnow()
# If morning then 0z sounding, otherwise 12z
if now.hour < 12:
hour = 0
else:
hour = 12
date = datetime(now.year, now.month, now.day, hour)
datestr = date.strftime('%Hz %Y-%m-%d')
print('{}'.format(date))
else:
year = int(input('Please specify the year: '))
month = int(input('Please specify the month: '))
day = int(input('Please specify the day: '))
hour = int(input('Please specify the hour: '))
if hour < 12:
hour = 0
else:
hour = 12
date = datetime(year, month, day, hour)
datestr = date.strftime('%Hz %Y-%m-%d')
print('You entered {}'.format(date))
# This requests the data 11035 is
df = WyomingUpperAir.request_data(date, station)
# Create single variables wih the right units
p = df['pressure'].values * units.hPa
T = df['temperature'].values * units.degC
Td = df['dewpoint'].values * units.degC
wind_speed = df['speed'].values * units.knots
wind_dir = df['direction'].values * units.degrees
wind_speed_6k = df['speed'][df.height <= 6000].values * units.knots
wind_dir_6k = df['direction'][df.height <= 6000].values * units.degrees
u, v = mpcalc.get_wind_components(wind_speed, wind_dir)
u6, v6 = mpcalc.get_wind_components(wind_speed_6k, wind_dir_6k)
# Calculate the LCL
lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature = mpcalc.lcl(p[0], T[0], Td[0])
print(lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature)
# Calculate the parcel profile.
parcel_prof = mpcalc.parcel_profile(p, T[0], Td[0]).to('degC')
cape, cin = mpcalc.cape_cin(p, T, Td, parcel_prof)
#############################
# Create a new figure. The dimensions here give a good aspect ratio
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 9))
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(3, 3)
skew = SkewT(fig, rotation=45, subplot=gs[:, :2])
# Plot the data using normal plotting functions, in this case using
# log scaling in Y, as dictated by the typical meteorological plot
skew.plot(p, T, 'r')
skew.plot(p, Td, 'g')
skew.plot_barbs(p, u, v)
skew.ax.set_ylim(1000, 100)
skew.ax.set_xlim(-45, 40)
# Plot LCL as black dot
skew.plot(lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature, 'ko', markerfacecolor='black')
# Plot the parcel profile as a black line
skew.plot(p, parcel_prof, 'k', linewidth=2)
# Shade areas of CAPE and CIN
skew.shade_cin(p, T, parcel_prof)
skew.shade_cape(p, T, parcel_prof)
# Plot a zero degree isotherm
skew.ax.axvline(0, color='c', linestyle='--', linewidth=2)
skew.ax.set_title('Station: ' + str(station) + '\n' + datestr) # set title
skew.ax.set_xlabel('Temperature (C)')
skew.ax.set_ylabel('Pressure (hPa)')
# Add the relevant special lines
skew.plot_dry_adiabats(linewidth=0.7)
skew.plot_moist_adiabats(linewidth=0.7)
skew.plot_mixing_lines(linewidth=0.7)
# Create a hodograph
# Create an inset axes object that is 40% width and height of the
# figure and put it in the upper right hand corner.
# ax_hod = inset_axes(skew.ax, '40%', '40%', loc=1)
ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, -1])
h = Hodograph(ax, component_range=60.)
h.add_grid(increment=20)
# Plot a line colored by windspeed
h.plot_colormapped(u6, v6, wind_speed_6k)
# add another subplot for the text of the indices
# ax_t = fig.add_subplot(gs[1:,2])
skew2 = SkewT(fig, rotation=0, subplot=gs[1:, 2])
skew2.plot(p, T, 'r')
skew2.plot(p, Td, 'g')
# skew2.plot_barbs(p, u, v)
skew2.ax.set_ylim(1000, 700)
skew2.ax.set_xlim(-30, 10)
# Show the plot
plt.show()
return cape
pressure = df['pressure'].values * units(df.units['pressure'])
temperature = df['temperature'].values * units(df.units['temperature'])
wind_speed = df['speed'].values * units.knots
print(temperature)
dewpoint = df['dewpoint'].values * units(df.units['dewpoint'])
print(dewpoint)
u_wind = df['u_wind'].values * units(df.units['u_wind'])
print(u_wind)
v_wind = df['v_wind'].values * units(df.units['v_wind'])
heights = df['height'].values * units(df.units['height'])
print(mpcalc.wind_direction(u_wind,v_wind))
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6,6))
ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
h= Hodograph(ax,component_range=60.)
h.plot(u_wind,v_wind,linewidth=5)
h.add_grid(increment=10)
#h.add_grid(increment=20,color='tab:orange',linestyle='-')
h.plot_colormapped(u_wind, v_wind, wind_speed) # Plot a line colored by wind speed
plt.savefig('hodograph.png')
plt.show()
sys.exit()
#lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature = mpcalc.lcl(pressure[0], temperature[0], dewpoint[0])
#print(lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature)
# Calculate the parcel profile.
parcel_prof = mpcalc.parcel_profile(pressure, temperature[0], dewpoint[0]).to('degC')
ax2.yaxis.tick_left()
ax2.tick_params(direction='in', pad=-5)
#PLOT PARCEL STUFF
plt.plot((37, 43), (mupcl.lfcpres,mupcl.lfcpres), 'r-',lw=1.5)
ax2.annotate('LFC', xy=(40, mupcl.lfcpres-10), xytext=(40, mupcl.lfcpres-10),ha='center', color='r')
plt.plot((37, 43), (mupcl.lclpres,mupcl.lclpres), 'g-',lw=1.5)
ax2.annotate('LCL', xy=(40, mupcl.lclpres+50), xytext=(40, mupcl.lclpres+50),ha='center', color='g')
# Create windbarbs and hodograph
skew.plot_barbs(p, u, v, xloc=1.1)
hgt_list = [0,3000,6000,9000,np.max(h)]
hodo_color = ['r','g','y','c']
hodo_label = ['0-3km','3-6km','6-9km','>9km']
ax_hod = inset_axes(skew.ax, '40%', '40%', loc=1)
for tick in ax_hod.xaxis.get_major_ticks():
tick.label.set_fontsize(10)
tick.label.set_rotation(45)
for tick in ax_hod.yaxis.get_major_ticks():
tick.label.set_fontsize(10)
hodo = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=80.)
hodo.add_grid(increment=20)
for k in range(len(hgt_list)-1):
index1 = min(range(len(h)), key=lambda i: abs(h[i]-hgt_list[k]))
index2 = min(range(len(h)), key=lambda i: abs(h[i]-hgt_list[k+1]))
hodo.plot(u[index1:index2+1],v[index1:index2+1],c=hodo_color[k],linewidth=2.0,label=hodo_label[k])
ax_hod.legend(loc=2,prop={'size':8})
plt.savefig('/home/kgoebber/http/soundings/launches/'+launch+'_'+ascent+'/'+launch+'_'+ascent+'_KVUM.png',dpi=150)
#plt.show()
def main():
args = get_args()
setup_logging(args["verbose"])
# Define input file
file = args["inputfile"]
output = args["outputfile"]
ds = xr.open_dataset(file)
ds_sel = ds.isel({"sounding": 0})
ds_sel = ds_sel.sortby(ds_sel.p, ascending=False)
attrs = ds_sel.attrs
ds_sel = ds_sel.metpy.quantify()
p = ds_sel.p
T = ds_sel.ta
Td = ds_sel.dp
wind_speed = ds_sel.wspd
wind_dir = ds_sel.wdir
ascend_rate = ds_sel.dz
launch_time = attrs["time_of_launch_HHmmss"]
platform = attrs["platform"]
resolution = attrs["resolution"].replace(" ", "")
# Filter nans
idx = np.where(
(np.isnan(T) + np.isnan(Td) + np.isnan(p) + np.isnan(wind_speed) +
np.isnan(wind_dir)) is False,
True,
False,
)
p = p[idx].metpy.convert_units("hPa")
T = T[idx].metpy.convert_units("degC")
Td = Td[idx].metpy.convert_units("degC")
wind_speed = wind_speed[idx].metpy.convert_units("meter / second")
wind_dir = wind_dir[idx]
u, v = mpcalc.wind_components(wind_speed, wind_dir)
lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature = mpcalc.lcl(p[0], T[0], Td[0])
parcel_prof = mpcalc.parcel_profile(p, T[0], Td[0])
parcel_prof = parcel_prof.metpy.convert_units("degC")
direction = find_direction_of_sounding(ascend_rate)
# Create a new figure. The dimensions here give a good aspect ratio
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 10))
skew = SkewT(fig, rotation=30)
# Plot the data using normal plotting functions, in this case using
# log scaling in Y, as dictated by the typical meteorological plot
skew.plot(p, T, "r")
skew.plot(p, Td, "g")
# Plot only specific barbs to increase visibility
pressure_levels_barbs = np.logspace(0.1, 1, 50) * 100
def find_nearest(array, value):
array = np.asarray(array)
idx = (np.abs(array - value)).argmin()
return array[idx]
# Search for levels by providing pressures
# (levels is the coordinate not pressure)
pres_vals = p.isel(level=idx)
closest_pressure_levels = np.unique(
[find_nearest(pres_vals, p_) for p_ in pressure_levels_barbs])
_, closest_pressure_levels_idx, _ = np.intersect1d(pres_vals,
closest_pressure_levels,
return_indices=True)
p_barbs = p.isel({"level": closest_pressure_levels_idx})
wind_speed_barbs = wind_speed.isel({"level": closest_pressure_levels_idx})
wind_dir_barbs = wind_dir.isel({"level": closest_pressure_levels_idx})
u_barbs, v_barbs = mpcalc.wind_components(wind_speed_barbs, wind_dir_barbs)
# Find nans in pressure
skew.plot_barbs(p_barbs, u_barbs, v_barbs, xloc=1.06)
skew.ax.set_ylim(1020, 100)
skew.ax.set_xlim(-50, 40)
# Plot LCL as black dot
skew.plot(lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature, "ko", markerfacecolor="black")
# Plot the parcel profile as a black line
skew.plot(pres_vals, parcel_prof, "k", linewidth=1.6)
# Shade areas of CAPE and CIN
skew.shade_cin(
pres_vals.metpy.convert_units("hPa").values,
T.metpy.convert_units("degC").values,
parcel_prof.metpy.convert_units("degC").values,
)
skew.shade_cape(
pres_vals.metpy.convert_units("hPa").values,
T.metpy.convert_units("degC").values,
parcel_prof.metpy.convert_units("degC").values,
)
# Plot a zero degree isotherm
skew.ax.axvline(0, color="c", linestyle="--", linewidth=2)
# Add the relevant special lines
skew.plot_dry_adiabats()
skew.plot_moist_adiabats()
skew.plot_mixing_lines()
# Create a hodograph
# Create an inset axes object that is 40% width and height of the
# figure and put it in the upper right hand corner.
ax_hod = inset_axes(skew.ax, "35%", "35%", loc=1)
h = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=75.0)
h.add_grid(increment=20)
h.plot_colormapped(u, v, wind_speed) # Plot a line colored by wind speed
# Set title
sounding_name = ds_sel.sounding.values
sounding_name_str = str(sounding_name.astype("str"))
skew.ax.set_title("{sounding}_{direction}".format(
sounding=sounding_name_str, direction=direction))
if output is None:
filename_fmt = "{platform}_SoundingProfile_skew_{launch_time}_{res}.png".format(
platform=platform, res=resolution, launch_time=launch_time)
# filename_fmt = launch_time.strftime(filename_fmt)
output = filename_fmt
else:
output = output.format(platform=platform,
direction=direction,
resolution=resolution)
# output = launch_time.strftime(output)
logging.info("Write output to {}".format(output))
plt.savefig(output)
skew.ax.set_title(titleName)
skew.plot_dry_adiabats(linewidth=0.75)
skew.plot_moist_adiabats(linewidth=0.75)
skew.plot_mixing_lines(linewidth=0.75)
# Hodograph
ax_hod = fig5.add_subplot(gs[:2, 2:])
#gs.tight_layout(fig5)
if np.nanmax(wind_kts) > 18:
comprange = 35
else:
comprange = 20
h = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=comprange)
h.add_grid(increment=5)
h.plot_colormapped(u, v, pres, cmap=cmocean.cm.deep_r)
ax_hod.set_title('Hodograph (kts)')
ax_hod.yaxis.set_ticklabels([])
#ax_hod.set_xlabel('Wind Speed (kts)')
# Finland Map - ISOBAR
if mission == 'ISOBAR':
# llcrnrlat = 33.6
# urcrnrlat = 37.2
# llcrnrlon = -103.2
# urcrnrlon = -94.2
lllat = 55.34
urlat = 70.54
lat_0 = 65.
lon_0 = 24.
def plot_skewt(snd: Sounding, save_to: Optional[str] = None, p_top: int = 100):
"""
Plots a skew-T from the given Sounding.
:param snd: The Sounding.
:param save_to: Where to save the figure. Default None, which does not save the figure, and instead shows it.
:param p_top: Pressure at the top of the skew-T. If you change this, Metpy might change the rotation of the
isotherms. No known fix yet.
:return: None.
"""
####################################################################################################################
# Data extraction and masking
# Extract data from sounding.
p = snd.p
T = snd.T
Td = snd.Td
Tw = snd.Tw
Te = snd.thetaE
z = snd.z
cf = snd["CFRL"]
omega = snd.omega
u, v = snd.wind_components()
e = mpcalc.saturation_vapor_pressure(T)
rv = mpcalc.mixing_ratio(e, p)
w = mpcalc.vertical_velocity(omega, p, T, rv).to("cm/s")
# Create masks to filter what data is plotted.
mask_dewpoint = Td > -9000. * units.degC # Plot only non-missing dewpoints.
mask_wetbulb = Tw > -9000. * units.degC # Plot only non-missing dewpoints.
mask_thetae = Te > 0. * units.K # Plot only non-missing theta-es.
mask_barbs = p > p_top * units.hPa # Plot only winds below the top of the sounding.
####################################################################################################################
# Define intervals of height for coloring barbs and hodograph.
z_interval_levels = [1500, 3000, 6000, 9000, 12000, 99999]
z_interval_colors = ["red", "orange", "green", "blue", "purple", "grey"]
z_colors = []
for item in z:
for color, interval in zip(z_interval_colors, z_interval_levels):
if item <= interval * units.meter:
z_colors.append(color)
break
####################################################################################################################
# Plotting skew-T
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(11, 11))
ax_hodo = fig.add_axes([0.70, 0.675, 0.25, 0.25])
ax_thte = fig.add_axes([0.70, 0.375, 0.25, 0.25])
skew = SkewT(fig, rotation=45, rect=[0.05, 0.05, 0.60, 0.9])
# Plot temperature, dewpoint, and wet-bulb.
skew.plot(p, T, 'r')
skew.plot(p[mask_dewpoint], Td[mask_dewpoint], 'g')
skew.plot(p[mask_wetbulb], Tw[mask_wetbulb], color='#009999', linewidth=1)
# Calculate and plot surface parcel trace.
sfc_trace = snd.parcel_trace(0).to('degC')
sfc_trace_plot = skew.plot(p,
sfc_trace,
c='orange',
linewidth=2,
zorder=-10)
# Calculate and plot MU parcel trace.
mu_level_index = np.argmax(Te[p > 750. * units.hPa])
mu_trace = snd.parcel_trace(mu_level_index).to('degC')
mu_trace_plot = skew.plot(p[mu_level_index:],
mu_trace,
c='gray',
linewidth=2,
zorder=-9)
# Plot each barb individually for control over color. Unfortunately, the c arg of plot_barbs doesn't work for this
# purpose.
for p_, u_, v_, c_ in zip(p[mask_barbs][::BARB_DENSITY],
u[mask_barbs][::BARB_DENSITY],
v[mask_barbs][::BARB_DENSITY],
np.array(z_colors)[mask_barbs][::BARB_DENSITY]):
skew.plot_barbs(p_, u_, v_, y_clip_radius=0.03, barbcolor=c_)
####################################################################################################################
# Cloud fraction and omega
zero_line = 1 / 15
cf_plot = (cf * zero_line) / 100
w_plot = (w.magnitude / 20) + zero_line
skew.ax.plot(np.zeros(cf_plot.shape) + 1 / 15,
snd.p,
transform=skew.ax.get_yaxis_transform(),
color="grey")
skew.ax.plot(cf_plot,
snd.p,
transform=skew.ax.get_yaxis_transform(),
color="black")
skew.ax.plot(w_plot,
snd.p,
transform=skew.ax.get_yaxis_transform(),
color="purple")
skew.ax.text(np.max(w_plot),
snd.p[np.argmax(w_plot)],
" {:.1f}".format(np.max(w.magnitude)),
color="purple",
ha="left",
va="center",
transform=skew.ax.get_yaxis_transform())
skew.ax.text(max(np.min(w_plot), 0),
snd.p[np.argmin(w_plot)],
" {:.1f}".format(np.min(w.magnitude)),
color="purple",
ha="left",
va="center",
transform=skew.ax.get_yaxis_transform())
# skew.ax.fill_betweenx(snd.p, cloud_fractions, np.zeros(cloud_fractions.shape))
####################################################################################################################
# Tweaking
skew.ax.set_xlim(-30, 40)
skew.ax.set_ylim(1020, p_top)
skew.ax.set_xlabel("")
skew.ax.set_ylabel("")
# Add legend for the parcel traces.
skew.ax.legend(handles=[
mlines.Line2D([], [], color='orange', label='Surface parcel'),
mlines.Line2D([], [],
color='gray',
label=r"Max $\theta_e$ below 750mb"),
mlines.Line2D([], [], color='black', label=r"Cloud fraction"),
mlines.Line2D([], [],
color='purple',
label=r"Vertical velocity (cm/s)"),
],
loc="upper center")
# Add adiabats and isohumes.
skew.plot_dry_adiabats(t0=np.arange(233, 533, 10) * units.K,
alpha=0.25,
color='orangered')
skew.plot_moist_adiabats(t0=np.arange(233, 400, 5) * units.K,
alpha=0.25,
color='tab:green')
# Reshape required as a quirk of metpy.
skew.plot_mixing_lines(w=np.array(
[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 36]).reshape(-1, 1) / 1000.,
p=np.arange(1000, 99, -100) * units.hPa,
linestyle='dotted',
color='tab:blue')
plt.title('RAP sounding at {}'.format(snd.params["STID"]), loc='left')
plt.title('{:.0f}-hour forecast valid at {}'.format(
snd.params["STIM"], snd.params["TIME"]),
loc='right')
####################################################################################################################
# Theta-E plot
# Set up axis for theta-e plot.
ax_thte.plot(Te[mask_thetae], p[mask_thetae])
ax_thte.set_xlim(300, 360)
ax_thte.set_ylim(1020, p_top)
ax_thte.set_yscale("log")
ax_thte.set_yticks(np.arange(p_top, 1001, 100))
ax_thte.set_yticklabels(np.arange(p_top, 1001, 100))
ax_thte.set_xlabel("")
ax_thte.grid(axis="both")
plt.text(0.5,
0.9,
"Theta-E (Kelvins)",
ha="center",
va="center",
transform=ax_thte.transAxes)
####################################################################################################################
# Hodograph
# Set up axis for hodograph.
h = Hodograph(ax_hodo, component_range=100)
h.add_grid(20)
# Plot each segment individually for control over color, reversed so that the full hodograph is plotted first,
# followed by all but the last segment, etc. Unfortunately, the plot_colormapped() function doesn't work for this
# purpose.
for color, interval in zip(reversed(z_interval_colors),
reversed(z_interval_levels)):
mask = z < interval * units.meter
h.plot(u.magnitude[mask], v.magnitude[mask], c=color)
for vector in snd.bunkers_storm_motion():
h.plot(vector[0], vector[1], c="black", markersize=3, marker="o")
ax_hodo.set_xticks([])
ax_hodo.set_yticks([])
ax_hodo.set_xlim(-60, 100)
ax_hodo.set_ylim(-60, 100)
plt.text(0.1,
0.9,
"Velocity (knots)",
ha="left",
va="center",
transform=ax_hodo.transAxes)
for a in range(20, 61, 20):
ax_hodo.text(-a * 0.71, -a * 0.71, a, ha="center", va="center")
########################################################################################################################
parameter_names = ["SB STP", "0-1 SRH", "SB CAPE", "SB CIN"]
parameters = [
snd.significant_tornado()[0],
snd.storm_relative_helicity()[2],
snd.cape_cin(0)[0],
snd.cape_cin(0)[1]
]
for name, value, i in zip(parameter_names, parameters,
range(len(parameters))):
s = "{:15} {:10.3f}".format(name, value.magnitude)
fig.text(0.70,
0.32 - (0.02 * i),
s,
ha="left",
va="top",
family="monospace",
transform=fig.transFigure)
########################################################################################################################
if save_to is None:
plt.show()
else:
plt.savefig(save_to)
plt.close()
def skewt_plot(p,
tc,
tdc,
t0,
date,
u=None,
v=None,
fout='sounding.png',
latlon='',
title='',
show=False):
"""
h: heights
p: pressure
tc: Temperature [C]
tdc: Dew point [C]
date: date of the forecast
u,v: u,v wind components
adapted from:
https://geocat-examples.readthedocs.io/en/latest/gallery/Skew-T/NCL_skewt_3_2.html#sphx-glr-gallery-skew-t-ncl-skewt-3-2-py
"""
Pmax = 150 # XXX upper limit
print('Checking units')
if p.attrs['units'] != 'hPa':
print('P wrong units')
exit()
if tc.attrs['units'] != 'degC':
print('Tc wrong units')
exit()
if tdc.attrs['units'] != 'degC':
print('Tdc wrong units')
exit()
if t0.attrs['units'] != 'degC':
print('T0 wrong units')
exit()
if type(u) != type(None) and type(v) != type(None):
if u.attrs['units'] != 'm s-1':
print('Wind wrong units')
exit()
LG.info('Inside skewt plot')
p = p.values
tc = tc.values
tdc = tdc.values
t0 = t0.mean().values
u = u.values * 3.6 # km/h
v = v.values * 3.6 # km/h
# Grid plot
LG.info('creating figure')
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(11, 12))
LG.info('created figure')
LG.info('creating axis')
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(1, 2, width_ratios=[4, 1])
fig.subplots_adjust(wspace=0., hspace=0.)
# ax1 = plt.subplot(gs[1:-1,0])
# Adding the "rotation" kwarg will over-ride the default MetPy rotation of
# 30 degrees for the 45 degree default found in NCL Skew-T plots
LG.info('created axis')
LG.info('Creatin SkewT')
skew = SkewT(fig, rotation=45, subplot=gs[0, 0])
ax = skew.ax
LG.info('Created SkewT')
if len(latlon) > 0:
ax.text(0,
1,
latlon,
va='top',
ha='left',
color='k',
fontsize=12,
bbox=dict(boxstyle="round", ec=None, fc=(1., 1., 1., 0.9)),
zorder=100,
transform=ax.transAxes)
# Plot the data, T and Tdew vs pressure
skew.plot(p, tc, 'C3')
skew.plot(p, tdc, 'C0')
LG.info('plotted dew point and sounding')
# LCL
lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature = mpcalc.lcl(p[0] * units.hPa,
t0 * units.degC,
tdc[0] * units.degC)
skew.plot(lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature, 'k.')
# Calculate the parcel profile #XXX units workaround
parcel_prof = mpcalc.parcel_profile(p * units.hPa, t0 * units.degC,
tdc[0] * units.degC).to('degC')
# Plot cloud base
ind_cross = np.argmin(np.abs(parcel_prof.magnitude - tc))
p_base = np.max([lcl_pressure.magnitude, p[ind_cross]])
t_base = np.max([lcl_temperature.magnitude, tc[ind_cross]])
m_base = mpcalc.pressure_to_height_std(np.array(p_base) * units.hPa)
m_base = m_base.to('m').magnitude
skew.ax.axhline(p_base, color=(0.5, 0.5, 0.5), ls='--')
skew.plot(p_base, t_base, 'C3o', zorder=100)
skew.ax.text(t_base, p_base, f'{m_base:.0f}m', ha='left')
# Plot the parcel profile as a black line
skew.plot(p, parcel_prof, 'k', linewidth=1)
LG.info('plotted parcel profile')
# shade CAPE and CIN
skew.shade_cape(p * units.hPa, tc * units.degC, parcel_prof)
skew.shade_cin(p * units.hPa, tc * units.degC, parcel_prof,
tdc * units.degC)
LG.info('plotted CAPE and CIN')
if type(u) != type(None) and type(v) != type(None):
LG.info('Plotting wind')
ax2 = plt.subplot(gs[0, 1], sharey=ax, zorder=-1)
# ax2.yaxis.set_visible(False)
ax2.yaxis.tick_right()
# ax2.xaxis.tick_top()
wspd = np.sqrt(u * u + v * v)
ax2.scatter(wspd, p, c=p, cmap=HEIGHTS, zorder=10)
gnd = mpcalc.pressure_to_height_std(np.array(p[0]) * units.hPa)
gnd = gnd.to('m')
# Ground
ax2.axhline(p[0], c='k', ls='--')
ax2.text(56,
p[0],
f'{int(gnd.magnitude)}m',
horizontalalignment='right')
# Techo
ax2.axhline(p_base, c=(0.5, 0.5, 0.5), ls='--')
### Background colors ##
#for i,c in enumerate(WindSpeed.colors):
# rect = Rectangle((i*4, 150), 4, 900, color=c, alpha=0.5,zorder=-1)
# ax2.add_patch(rect)
#########################
ax2.set_xlim(0, 56)
ax2.set_xlabel('Wspeed (km/h)')
ax2.grid()
def p2h(x):
"""
x in hPa
"""
y = mpcalc.pressure_to_height_std(np.array(x) * units.hPa)
# y = y.metpy.convert_units('m')
y = y.to('m')
return y.magnitude
def h2p(x):
"""
x in m
"""
# x = x.values
y = mpcalc.height_to_pressure_std(np.array(x) * units.m)
# y = y.metpy.convert_units('hPa')
y = y.to('hPa')
return y.magnitude
# print('------')
# print(p[0])
# print('---')
# print(p2h(p[0]))
# print('---')
# print(h2p(p2h(p[0])))
# print('------')
# exit()
ax2y = ax2.secondary_yaxis(1.02, functions=(p2h, h2p))
ax2y.set_ylabel('height (m)')
# ax2y.set_yticks(np.array([1000,2000,3000,4000,6000,6000,10000]))
# XXX Not working
ax2y.yaxis.set_major_formatter(ScalarFormatter())
ax2y.yaxis.set_minor_formatter(ScalarFormatter())
#################
ax2y.set_color('red')
ax2y.tick_params(colors='red', size=7, width=1,
which='both') # 'both' refers to minor and major axes
# ax2y.set_yticks([1,2,3,4])
#ax2.set_xticks([0,5,10,15,20,30,40,50])
#ax2.set_xticklabels(['0','','10','','20','30','40','50'])
ax2.set_xticks([0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56])
ax2.set_xticklabels(
['0', '', '8', '', '16', '', '24', '32', '40', '48', '56'],
fontsize=11,
va='center')
plt.setp(ax2.get_yticklabels(), visible=False)
# Hodograph
ax_hod = inset_axes(ax2, '110%', '30%', loc=1)
ax_hod.set_yticklabels([])
ax_hod.set_xticklabels([])
L = 80
ax_hod.text(0,
L - 5,
'N',
horizontalalignment='center',
verticalalignment='center')
ax_hod.text(L - 5,
0,
'E',
horizontalalignment='center',
verticalalignment='center')
ax_hod.text(-(L - 5),
0,
'W',
horizontalalignment='center',
verticalalignment='center')
ax_hod.text(0,
-(L - 5),
'S',
horizontalalignment='center',
verticalalignment='center')
h = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=L)
h.add_grid(increment=20)
h.plot_colormapped(
-u, -v, p, cmap=HEIGHTS
) #'viridis_r') # Plot a line colored by pressure (altitude)
LG.info('Plotted wind')
# # print('=-=-=-=-=-=-=')
# # print(ax2.get_yscale())
# # print(ax2y.get_yscale())
# # print('=-=-=-=-=-=-=')
# # ax2y.yaxis.tick_right()
# # # ax2y.set_ylim(*reversed(ax.get_ylim()))
# # ax2y.set_ylim(*ax.get_ylim())
# # # calc pressure to height
# # locs = ax2.get_yticks()
# # labels = [mpcalc.pressure_to_height_std(h*units.hPa) for h in locs]
# # labels = [round(l.to('m'),1) for l in labels]
# # for xp,xh in zip(locs,labels):
# # print(xp,xh)
# # ax2y.set_yticks(locs)
# # ax2y.set_yticklabels([f'{int(l.magnitude)}' for l in labels])
# Plot only every n windbarb
n = 4
inds, = np.where(p > Pmax)
break_p = 25
inds_low = inds[:break_p]
inds_high = inds[break_p:]
inds = np.append(inds_low[::n], inds_high)
skew.plot_barbs(
pressure=p[inds], #[::n], # * units.hPa,
u=u[inds], #[::n],
v=v[inds], #[::n],
xloc=0.985, # fill_empty=True,
sizes=dict(emptybarb=0.075, width=0.1, height=0.2))
# # # Draw line underneath wind barbs
# # line = mlines.Line2D([1.05, 1.05], [0, 1], color='gray', linewidth=0.5,
# # transform=ax.transAxes,
# # dash_joinstyle='round',
# # clip_on=False,
# # zorder=0)
# # ax.add_line(line)
# Add relevant special lines
# Choose starting temperatures in Kelvin for the dry adiabats
LG.info('Plot adiabats, and other grid lines')
skew.ax.text(t0, p[0], f'{t0:.1f}°C', va='top')
skew.ax.axvline(t0, color=(0.5, 0.5, 0.5), ls='--')
t0 = units.K * np.arange(243.15, 473.15, 10)
skew.plot_dry_adiabats(t0=t0,
linestyles='solid',
colors='gray',
linewidth=1)
# Choose temperatures for moist adiabats
t0 = units.K * np.arange(281.15, 306.15, 4)
msa = skew.plot_moist_adiabats(t0=t0,
linestyles='solid',
colors='lime',
linewidths=.75)
# Choose mixing ratios
w = np.array([0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.005, 0.008, 0.012,
0.020]).reshape(-1, 1)
# Choose the range of pressures that the mixing ratio lines are drawn over
p_levs = units.hPa * np.linspace(1000, 400, 7)
skew.plot_mixing_lines(mixing_ratio=w,
pressure=p_levs,
linestyle='dotted',
linewidths=1,
colors='lime')
LG.info('Plotted adiabats, and other grid lines')
skew.ax.set_ylim(1000, Pmax)
skew.ax.set_xlim(-20, 43)
# skew.ax.set_xlim(-30, 40)
# XXX gvutil not installed
# gvutil.set_titles_and_labels(ax, maintitle="ATS Rawinsonde: degC + Thin wind")
# Set axes limits and ticks
# gvutil.set_axes_limits_and_ticks(ax=ax, xlim=[-30, 50],
# yticks=[1000, 850, 700, 500, 400, 300, 250, 200, 150, 100])
# Change the style of the gridlines
ax.grid(True,
which='major',
axis='both',
color='tan',
linewidth=1.5,
alpha=0.5)
ax.set_xlabel("Temperature (C)")
ax.set_ylabel("P (hPa)")
if len(title) == 0:
title = f"{(date).strftime('%d/%m/%Y-%H:%M')} (local time)"
ax.set_title(title, fontsize=20)
else:
ax.set_title(title, fontsize=20)
if show: plt.show()
LG.info('saving')
fig.savefig(fout, bbox_inches='tight', pad_inches=0.1, dpi=150, quality=90)
LG.info('saved')
plt.close('all')
# Shade areas of CAPE and CIN
skew.shade_cin(p, T, parcel_prof, Td)
skew.shade_cape(p, T, parcel_prof)
# Plot a zero degree isotherm
skew.ax.axvline(0, color='c', linestyle='--', linewidth=3)
# Add the relevant special lines
skew.plot_dry_adiabats(linewidth=2.5)
skew.plot_moist_adiabats(linewidth=2.5)
skew.plot_mixing_lines(linewidth=2.5)
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0:7, 4])
h = Hodograph(ax1, component_range=50.)
h.add_grid(increment=12.5)
h.plot(u, v, color='#0080ff')
ax1.tick_params(labelsize=15.)
ax1.set_xticks(np.arange(-50., 75., 25.))
ax1.set_yticks(np.arange(-50., 75., 25.))
ax1.set_xticklabels([])
ax1.set_title('Hodograph', fontsize=20.)
ax1.set_xlabel('wind speed ($m$ $s^{-1}$)', fontsize=15.)
ax1.set_ylabel('wind speed ($m$ $s^{-1}$)', fontsize=15.)
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(gs[9:15, 4])
[ax2.add_patch(PolygonPatch(shape, fc='none')) for shape in shapes]
ax2.scatter(lon[10:], lat[10:], c='r', s=10)
ax2.tick_params(labelsize=15.)
ax2.set_xticks(np.arange(119.5, 122., 0.5))
ax2.set_yticks(np.arange(22., 24.5, 0.5))
# Create a new figure. The dimensions here give a good aspect ratio fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 9)) add_metpy_logo(fig, 115, 100) # Grid for plots skew = SkewT(fig, rotation=45) # Plot the data using normal plotting functions, in this case using # log scaling in Y, as dictated by the typical meteorological plot skew.plot(p, T, 'r') skew.plot(p, Td, 'g') skew.plot_barbs(p, u, v) skew.ax.set_ylim(1000, 100) # Add the relevant special lines skew.plot_dry_adiabats() skew.plot_moist_adiabats() skew.plot_mixing_lines() # Good bounds for aspect ratio skew.ax.set_xlim(-50, 60) # Create a hodograph ax_hod = inset_axes(skew.ax, '40%', '40%', loc=1) h = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=80.) h.add_grid(increment=20) h.plot_colormapped(u, v, np.hypot(u, v)) # Show the plot plt.show()
def _plot_hodograph(self, skew):
# Create an array that indicates which layer (10-3, 3-1, 0-1 km) the
# wind belongs to. The array, agl, will be set to the height
# corresponding to the top of the layer. The resulting array will look
# something like this:
#
# agl = [1.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.87 ]
#
# Where the values above 10 km are unchanged, and there are three levels
# in each of the 3 layers of interest.
#
agl = np.copy(self.atmo_profiles.get('gh', {}).get('data')).to('km')
# Retrieve the wind data profiles
u_wind = self.atmo_profiles.get('u', {}).get('data')
v_wind = self.atmo_profiles.get('v', {}).get('data')
# Create an inset axes object that is 28% width and height of the
# figure and put it in the upper left hand corner.
ax = inset_axes(skew.ax, '25%', '25%', loc=2)
h = Hodograph(ax, component_range=80.)
h.add_grid(increment=20, linewidth=0.5)
intervals = [0, 1, 3, 10] * agl.units
colors = ['xkcd:salmon', 'xkcd:aquamarine', 'xkcd:navy blue']
line_width = 1.5
# Plot the line colored by height AGL only up to the 10km level
lines = h.plot_colormapped(
u_wind,
v_wind,
agl,
colors=colors,
intervals=intervals,
linewidth=line_width,
)
# Local function to create a proxy line object for creating a legend on
# a LineCollection returned from plot_colormapped. Using lines and
# colors from outside scope.
def make_proxy(zval, idx=None, **kwargs):
color = colors[idx] if idx < len(colors) else lines.cmap(zval - 1)
return Line2D([0, 1], [0, 1],
color=color,
linewidth=line_width,
**kwargs)
# Make a list of proxies
proxies = [
make_proxy(item, idx=i)
for i, item in enumerate(intervals.magnitude)
]
# Draw the legend
ax.legend(
proxies[:-1],
['0-1 km', '1-3 km', '3-10 km', ''],
fontsize='small',
loc='lower left',
)
def main():
args = get_args()
setup_logging(args['verbose'])
# Define input file
file = args['inputfile']
output = args['outputfile']
ds = xr.open_dataset(file)
ds_sel = ds.isel({'sounding': 0})
ds_sel = ds_sel.sortby(ds_sel.pressure, ascending=False)
p = ds_sel.pressure.values
T = ds_sel.temperature.values
Td = ds_sel.dewPoint.values
wind_speed = ds_sel.windSpeed.values
wind_dir = ds_sel.windDirection.values
# Filter nans
idx = np.where((np.isnan(T) + np.isnan(Td) + np.isnan(p) +
np.isnan(wind_speed) + np.isnan(wind_dir)) == False, True,
False)
p = p[idx]
T = T[idx]
Td = Td[idx]
wind_speed = wind_speed[idx]
wind_dir = wind_dir[idx]
# Add units
p = p * units.hPa
T = T * units.degC
Td = Td * units.degC
wind_speed = wind_speed * (units.meter / units.second)
wind_dir = wind_dir * units.degrees
u, v = mpcalc.wind_components(wind_speed, wind_dir)
lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature = mpcalc.lcl(p[0], T[0], Td[0])
parcel_prof = mpcalc.parcel_profile(p, T[0], Td[0]).to('degC')
# Create a new figure. The dimensions here give a good aspect ratio
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9, 10))
skew = SkewT(fig, rotation=30)
# Plot the data using normal plotting functions, in this case using
# log scaling in Y, as dictated by the typical meteorological plot
skew.plot(p, T, 'r')
skew.plot(p, Td, 'g')
# Plot only specific barbs to increase visibility
pressure_levels_barbs = np.logspace(0.1, 1, 50) * 100
def find_nearest(array, value):
array = np.asarray(array)
idx = (np.abs(array - value)).argmin()
return array[idx]
# Search for levels by providing pressures
# (levels is the coordinate not pressure)
pres_vals = ds_sel.pressure.values[idx]
closest_pressure_levels = np.unique(
[find_nearest(pres_vals, p_) for p_ in pressure_levels_barbs])
_, closest_pressure_levels_idx, _ = np.intersect1d(pres_vals,
closest_pressure_levels,
return_indices=True)
p_barbs = ds_sel.pressure.isel({
'levels': closest_pressure_levels_idx
}).values * units.hPa
wind_speed_barbs = ds_sel.windSpeed.isel({
'levels':
closest_pressure_levels_idx
}).values * (units.meter / units.second)
wind_dir_barbs = ds_sel.windDirection.isel({
'levels':
closest_pressure_levels_idx
}).values * units.degrees
u_barbs, v_barbs = mpcalc.wind_components(wind_speed_barbs, wind_dir_barbs)
# Find nans in pressure
# p_non_nan_idx = np.where(~np.isnan(pres_vals))
skew.plot_barbs(p_barbs, u_barbs, v_barbs, xloc=1.06)
# set axes limits:
skew.ax.set_ylim(1020, 100)
skew.ax.set_xlim(-50, 40)
# Plot LCL as black dot
skew.plot(lcl_pressure, lcl_temperature, 'ko', markerfacecolor='black')
# Plot the parcel profile as a black line
skew.plot(pres_vals, parcel_prof, 'k', linewidth=1.6)
# Shade areas of CAPE and CIN
skew.shade_cin(pres_vals, T, parcel_prof)
skew.shade_cape(pres_vals, T, parcel_prof)
# Plot a zero degree isotherm
skew.ax.axvline(0, color='c', linestyle='--', linewidth=2)
# Add the relevant special lines
skew.plot_dry_adiabats()
skew.plot_moist_adiabats()
skew.plot_mixing_lines()
# Create a hodograph
# Create an inset axes object that is 40% width and height of the
# figure and put it in the upper right hand corner.
ax_hod = inset_axes(skew.ax, '35%', '35%', loc=1)
h = Hodograph(ax_hod, component_range=75.)
h.add_grid(increment=20)
h.plot_colormapped(u, v, wind_speed) # Plot a line colored by wind speed
# Set title
sounding_name = ds_sel.sounding.values
sounding_name_str = str(sounding_name.astype('str'))
skew.ax.set_title('{sounding}'.format(sounding=sounding_name_str))
if output is None:
output = str(os.path.basename(file).split('.')[0]) + '.pdf'
logging.info('Write output to {}'.format(output))
plt.savefig(output)
