def test_plot_carpet(testdata_4d): # noqa:F811
"""Check contents of plot_carpet figure against data in image."""
img_4d = testdata_4d['img_4d']
img_4d_long = testdata_4d['img_4d_long']
mask_img = testdata_4d['img_mask']
display = plot_carpet(img_4d, mask_img, detrend=False, title='TEST')
# Next two lines retrieve the numpy array from the plot
ax = display.axes[0]
plotted_array = ax.images[0].get_array()
assert (plotted_array.shape == (np.prod(img_4d.shape[:-1]),
img_4d.shape[-1]))
# Make sure that the values in the figure match the values in the image
np.testing.assert_almost_equal(plotted_array.sum(),
img_4d.get_fdata().sum(),
decimal=3)
# Save execution time and memory
plt.close(display)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
display = plot_carpet(img_4d_long,
mask_img,
t_r=None,
detrend=True,
title='TEST',
figure=fig,
axes=ax)
# Next two lines retrieve the numpy array from the plot
ax = display.axes[0]
plotted_array = ax.images[0].get_array()
# Check size
n_items = (np.prod(img_4d_long.shape[:-1]) *
np.ceil(img_4d_long.shape[-1] / 4))
assert plotted_array.size == n_items
plt.close(display)
def test_plot_carpet_with_atlas(testdata_4d): # noqa:F811
"""Test plot_carpet when using an atlas."""
img_4d = testdata_4d['img_4d']
mask_img = testdata_4d['img_atlas']
atlas_labels = testdata_4d['atlas_labels']
# Test atlas - labels
# t_r is set explicitly for this test as well
display = plot_carpet(img_4d, mask_img, t_r=2, detrend=False, title='TEST')
# Check the output
# Two axes: 1 for colorbar and 1 for imshow
assert len(display.axes) == 2
# The y-axis label of the imshow should be 'voxels' since atlas labels are
# unknown
ax = display.axes[1]
assert ax.get_ylabel() == 'voxels'
# Next two lines retrieve the numpy array from the plot
ax = display.axes[0]
colorbar = ax.images[0].get_array()
assert len(np.unique(colorbar)) == len(atlas_labels)
# Save execution time and memory
plt.close(display)
# Test atlas + labels
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
display = plot_carpet(
img_4d,
mask_img,
mask_labels=atlas_labels,
detrend=True,
title='TEST',
figure=fig,
axes=ax,
)
# Check the output
# Two axes: 1 for colorbar and 1 for imshow
assert len(display.axes) == 2
ax = display.axes[0]
# The ytick labels of the colorbar should match the atlas labels
yticklabels = ax.get_yticklabels()
yticklabels = [yt.get_text() for yt in yticklabels]
assert set(yticklabels) == set(atlas_labels.keys())
# Next two lines retrieve the numpy array from the plot
ax = display.axes[0]
colorbar = ax.images[0].get_array()
assert len(np.unique(colorbar)) == len(atlas_labels)
plt.close(display)
def carpet_plot(optcom_ts,
denoised_ts,
hikts,
lowkts,
mask,
io_generator,
gscontrol=None):
"""Generate a set of carpet plots for the combined and denoised data.
Parameters
----------
optcom_ts, denoised_ts, hikts, lowkts : (S x T) array_like
Different types of data to plot.
mask : (S,) array-like
Binary mask used to apply to the data.
io_generator : :obj:`tedana.io.OutputGenerator`
The output generator for this workflow
gscontrol : {None, 'mir', 'gsr'} or :obj:`list`, optional
Additional denoising steps applied in the workflow.
If any gscontrol methods were applied, then additional carpet plots will be generated for
pertinent outputs from those steps.
Default is None.
"""
mask_img = io.new_nii_like(io_generator.reference_img, mask.astype(int))
optcom_img = io.new_nii_like(io_generator.reference_img, optcom_ts)
dn_img = io.new_nii_like(io_generator.reference_img, denoised_ts)
hik_img = io.new_nii_like(io_generator.reference_img, hikts)
lowk_img = io.new_nii_like(io_generator.reference_img, lowkts)
# Carpet plots
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(14, 7))
plotting.plot_carpet(
optcom_img,
mask_img,
figure=fig,
axes=ax,
title="Optimally Combined Data",
)
fig.tight_layout()
fig.savefig(
os.path.join(io_generator.out_dir, "figures", "carpet_optcom.svg"))
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(14, 7))
plotting.plot_carpet(
dn_img,
mask_img,
figure=fig,
axes=ax,
title="Denoised Data",
)
fig.tight_layout()
fig.savefig(
os.path.join(io_generator.out_dir, "figures", "carpet_denoised.svg"))
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(14, 7))
plotting.plot_carpet(
hik_img,
mask_img,
figure=fig,
axes=ax,
title="High-Kappa Data",
)
fig.tight_layout()
fig.savefig(
os.path.join(io_generator.out_dir, "figures", "carpet_accepted.svg"))
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(14, 7))
plotting.plot_carpet(
lowk_img,
mask_img,
figure=fig,
axes=ax,
title="Low-Kappa Data",
)
fig.tight_layout()
fig.savefig(
os.path.join(io_generator.out_dir, "figures", "carpet_rejected.svg"))
if (gscontrol is not None) and ("gsr" in gscontrol):
optcom_with_gs_img = io_generator.get_name("has gs combined img")
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(14, 7))
plotting.plot_carpet(
optcom_with_gs_img,
mask_img,
figure=fig,
axes=ax,
title="Optimally Combined Data (Pre-GSR)",
)
fig.tight_layout()
fig.savefig(
os.path.join(io_generator.out_dir, "figures",
"carpet_optcom_nogsr.svg"))
if (gscontrol is not None) and ("mir" in gscontrol):
mir_denoised_img = io_generator.get_name("mir denoised img")
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(14, 7))
plotting.plot_carpet(
mir_denoised_img,
mask_img,
figure=fig,
axes=ax,
title="Denoised Data (Post-MIR)",
)
fig.tight_layout()
fig.savefig(
os.path.join(io_generator.out_dir, "figures",
"carpet_denoised_mir.svg"))
mir_denoised_img = io_generator.get_name(
"ICA accepted mir denoised img")
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(14, 7))
plotting.plot_carpet(
mir_denoised_img,
mask_img,
figure=fig,
axes=ax,
title="High-Kappa Data (Post-MIR)",
)
fig.tight_layout()
fig.savefig(
os.path.join(io_generator.out_dir, "figures",
"carpet_accepted_mir.svg"))
def denoise(img_file, tsv_file, out_path, col_names=False, hp_filter=False, lp_filter=False, out_figure_path=False):
nii_ext = '.nii.gz'
FD_thr = [.5]
sc_range = np.arange(-1, 3)
constant = 'constant'
# read in files
img = load_niimg(img_file)
# get file info
img_name = os.path.basename(img.get_filename())
file_base = img_name[0:img_name.find('.')]
save_img_file = pjoin(out_path, file_base + \
'_NR' + nii_ext)
data = img.get_data()
df_orig = pandas.read_csv(tsv_file, '\t', na_values='n/a')
df = copy.deepcopy(df_orig)
Ntrs = df.as_matrix().shape[0]
print('# of TRs: ' + str(Ntrs))
assert (Ntrs == data.shape[len(data.shape) - 1])
# select columns to use as nuisance regressors
if col_names:
df = df[col_names]
str_append = ' [SELECTED regressors in CSV]'
else:
col_names = df.columns.tolist()
str_append = ' [ALL regressors in CSV]'
# fill in missing nuisance values with mean for that variable
for col in df.columns:
if sum(df[col].isnull()) > 0:
print('Filling in ' + str(sum(df[col].isnull())) + ' NaN value for ' + col)
df[col] = df[col].fillna(np.mean(df[col]))
print('# of Confound Regressors: ' + str(len(df.columns)) + str_append)
# implement HP filter in regression
TR = img.header.get_zooms()[-1]
frame_times = np.arange(Ntrs) * TR
if hp_filter:
hp_filter = float(hp_filter)
assert (hp_filter > 0)
period_cutoff = 1. / hp_filter
df = make_first_level_design_matrix(frame_times, period_cut=period_cutoff, add_regs=df.as_matrix(),
add_reg_names=df.columns.tolist())
# fn adds intercept into dm
hp_cols = [col for col in df.columns if 'drift' in col]
print('# of High-pass Filter Regressors: ' + str(len(hp_cols)))
else:
# add in intercept column into data frame
df[constant] = 1
print('No High-pass Filter Applied')
dm = df.as_matrix()
# prep data
data = np.reshape(data, (-1, Ntrs))
data_mean = np.mean(data, axis=1)
Nvox = len(data_mean)
# setup and run regression
model = regression.OLSModel(dm)
results = model.fit(data.T)
if not hp_filter:
results_orig_resid = copy.deepcopy(results.resid) # save for rsquared computation
# apply low-pass filter
if lp_filter:
# input to butterworth fn is time x voxels
low_pass = float(lp_filter)
Fs = 1. / TR
if low_pass >= Fs / 2:
raise ValueError('Low pass filter cutoff if too close to the Nyquist frequency (%s)' % (Fs / 2))
temp_img_file = pjoin(out_path, file_base + \
'_temp' + nii_ext)
temp_img = nb.Nifti1Image(np.reshape(results.resid.T + np.reshape(data_mean, (Nvox, 1)), img.shape).astype('float32'),
img.affine, header=img.header)
temp_img.to_filename(temp_img_file)
results.resid = butterworth(results.resid, sampling_rate=Fs, low_pass=low_pass, high_pass=None)
print('Low-pass Filter Applied: < ' + str(low_pass) + ' Hz')
# add mean back into data
clean_data = results.resid.T + np.reshape(data_mean, (Nvox, 1)) # add mean back into residuals
# save out new data file
print('Saving output file...')
clean_data = np.reshape(clean_data, img.shape).astype('float32')
new_img = nb.Nifti1Image(clean_data, img.affine, header=img.header)
new_img.to_filename(save_img_file)
######### generate Rsquared map for confounds only
if hp_filter:
# first remove low-frequency information from data
hp_cols.append(constant)
model_first = regression.OLSModel(df[hp_cols].as_matrix())
results_first = model_first.fit(data.T)
results_first_resid = copy.deepcopy(results_first.resid)
del results_first, model_first
# compute sst - borrowed from matlab
sst = np.square(np.linalg.norm(results_first_resid -
np.mean(results_first_resid, axis=0), axis=0))
# now regress out 'true' confounds to estimate their Rsquared
nr_cols = [col for col in df.columns if 'drift' not in col]
model_second = regression.OLSModel(df[nr_cols].as_matrix())
results_second = model_second.fit(results_first_resid)
# compute sse - borrowed from matlab
sse = np.square(np.linalg.norm(results_second.resid, axis=0))
del results_second, model_second, results_first_resid
elif not hp_filter:
# compute sst - borrowed from matlab
sst = np.square(np.linalg.norm(data.T -
np.mean(data.T, axis=0), axis=0))
# compute sse - borrowed from matlab
sse = np.square(np.linalg.norm(results_orig_resid, axis=0))
del results_orig_resid
# compute rsquared of nuisance regressors
zero_idx = scipy.logical_and(sst == 0, sse == 0)
sse[zero_idx] = 1
sst[zero_idx] = 1 # would be NaNs - become rsquared = 0
rsquare = 1 - np.true_divide(sse, sst)
rsquare[np.isnan(rsquare)] = 0
######### Visualizing DM & outputs
fontsize = 12
fontsize_title = 14
def_img_size = 8
if not out_figure_path:
out_figure_path = save_img_file[0:save_img_file.find('.')] + '_figures'
if not os.path.isdir(out_figure_path):
os.mkdir(out_figure_path)
png_append = '_' + img_name[0:img_name.find('.')] + '.png'
print('Output directory: ' + out_figure_path)
# DM corr matrix
cm = df[df.columns[0:-1]].corr()
curr_sz = copy.deepcopy(def_img_size)
if cm.shape[0] > def_img_size:
curr_sz = curr_sz + ((cm.shape[0] - curr_sz) * .3)
mtx_scale = curr_sz * 100
mask = np.zeros_like(cm, dtype=np.bool)
mask[np.triu_indices_from(mask)] = True
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(curr_sz, curr_sz))
cmap = sns.diverging_palette(220, 10, as_cmap=True)
sns.heatmap(cm, mask=mask, cmap=cmap, center=0, vmax=cm[cm < 1].max().max(), vmin=cm[cm < 1].min().min(),
square=True, linewidths=.5, cbar_kws={"shrink": .6})
ax.set_xticklabels(ax.get_xticklabels(), rotation=60, ha='right', fontsize=fontsize)
ax.set_yticklabels(cm.columns.tolist(), rotation=-30, va='bottom', fontsize=fontsize)
ax.set_title('Nuisance Corr. Matrix', fontsize=fontsize_title)
plt.tight_layout()
file_corr_matrix = 'Corr_matrix_regressors' + png_append
fig.savefig(pjoin(out_figure_path, file_corr_matrix))
plt.close(fig)
del fig, ax
# DM of Nuisance Regressors (all)
tr_label = 'TR (Volume #)'
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(curr_sz - 4.1, def_img_size))
x_scale_html = ((curr_sz - 4.1) / def_img_size) * 890
reporting.plot_design_matrix(df, ax=ax)
ax.set_title('Nuisance Design Matrix', fontsize=fontsize_title)
ax.set_xticklabels(ax.get_xticklabels(), rotation=60, ha='right', fontsize=fontsize)
ax.set_yticklabels(ax.get_yticklabels(), fontsize=fontsize)
ax.set_ylabel(tr_label, fontsize=fontsize)
plt.tight_layout()
file_design_matrix = 'Design_matrix' + png_append
fig.savefig(pjoin(out_figure_path, file_design_matrix))
plt.close(fig)
del fig, ax
# FD timeseries plot
FD = 'FD'
poss_names = ['FramewiseDisplacement', FD, 'framewisedisplacement', 'fd']
fd_idx = [df_orig.columns.__contains__(i) for i in poss_names]
if np.sum(fd_idx) > 0:
FD_name = poss_names[fd_idx == True]
if sum(df_orig[FD_name].isnull()) > 0:
df_orig[FD_name] = df_orig[FD_name].fillna(np.mean(df_orig[FD_name]))
y = df_orig[FD_name].as_matrix()
Nremove = []
sc_idx = []
for thr_idx, thr in enumerate(FD_thr):
idx = y >= thr
sc_idx.append(copy.deepcopy(idx))
for iidx in np.where(idx)[0]:
for buffer in sc_range:
curr_idx = iidx + buffer
if curr_idx >= 0 and curr_idx <= len(idx):
sc_idx[thr_idx][curr_idx] = True
Nremove.append(np.sum(sc_idx[thr_idx]))
Nplots = len(FD_thr)
sns.set(font_scale=1.5)
sns.set_style('ticks')
fig, axes = plt.subplots(Nplots, 1, figsize=(def_img_size * 1.5, def_img_size / 2), squeeze=False)
sns.despine()
bound = .4
fd_mean = np.mean(y)
for curr in np.arange(0, Nplots):
axes[curr, 0].plot(y)
axes[curr, 0].plot((-bound, Ntrs + bound), FD_thr[curr] * np.ones((1, 2))[0], '--', color='black')
axes[curr, 0].scatter(np.arange(0, Ntrs), y, s=20)
if Nremove[curr] > 0:
info = scipy.ndimage.measurements.label(sc_idx[curr])
for cluster in np.arange(1, info[1] + 1):
temp = np.where(info[0] == cluster)[0]
axes[curr, 0].axvspan(temp.min() - bound, temp.max() + bound, alpha=.5, color='red')
axes[curr, 0].set_ylabel('Framewise Disp. (' + FD + ')')
axes[curr, 0].set_title(FD + ': ' + str(100 * Nremove[curr] / Ntrs)[0:4]
+ '% of scan (' + str(Nremove[curr]) + ' volumes) would be scrubbed (FD thr.= ' +
str(FD_thr[curr]) + ')')
plt.text(Ntrs + 1, FD_thr[curr] - .01, FD + ' = ' + str(FD_thr[curr]), fontsize=fontsize)
plt.text(Ntrs, fd_mean - .01, 'avg = ' + str(fd_mean), fontsize=fontsize)
axes[curr, 0].set_xlim((-bound, Ntrs + 8))
plt.tight_layout()
axes[curr, 0].set_xlabel(tr_label)
file_fd_plot = FD + '_timeseries' + png_append
fig.savefig(pjoin(out_figure_path, file_fd_plot))
plt.close(fig)
del fig, axes
print(FD + ' timeseries plot saved')
else:
print(FD + ' not found: ' + FD + ' timeseries not plotted')
file_fd_plot = None
# Carpet and DVARS plots - before & after nuisance regression
# need to create mask file to input to DVARS function
mask_file = pjoin(out_figure_path, 'mask_temp.nii.gz')
nifti_masker = NiftiMasker(mask_strategy='epi', standardize=False)
nifti_masker.fit(img)
nifti_masker.mask_img_.to_filename(mask_file)
# create 2 or 3 carpet plots, depending on if LP filter is also applied
Ncarpet = 2
total_sz = int(16)
carpet_scale = 840
y_labels = ['Input (voxels)', 'Output \'cleaned\'']
imgs = [img, new_img]
img_files = [img_file, save_img_file]
color = ['red', 'salmon']
labels = ['input', 'cleaned']
if lp_filter:
Ncarpet = 3
total_sz = int(20)
carpet_scale = carpet_scale * (9/8)
y_labels = ['Input', 'Clean Pre-LP', 'Clean LP']
imgs.insert(1, temp_img)
img_files.insert(1, temp_img_file)
color.insert(1, 'firebrick')
labels.insert(1, 'clean pre-LP')
labels[-1] = 'clean LP'
dvars = []
print('Computing dvars...')
for in_file in img_files:
temp = nac.compute_dvars(in_file=in_file, in_mask=mask_file)[1]
dvars.append(np.hstack((temp.mean(), temp)))
del temp
small_sz = 2
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(def_img_size * 1.5, def_img_size + ((Ncarpet - 2) * 1)))
row_used = 0
if np.sum(fd_idx) > 0: # if FD data is available
row_used = row_used + small_sz
ax0 = plt.subplot2grid((total_sz, 1), (0, 0), rowspan=small_sz)
ax0.plot(y)
ax0.scatter(np.arange(0, Ntrs), y, s=10)
curr = 0
if Nremove[curr] > 0:
info = scipy.ndimage.measurements.label(sc_idx[curr])
for cluster in np.arange(1, info[1] + 1):
temp = np.where(info[0] == cluster)[0]
ax0.axvspan(temp.min() - bound, temp.max() + bound, alpha=.5, color='red')
ax0.set_ylabel(FD)
for side in ["top", "right", "bottom"]:
ax0.spines[side].set_color('none')
ax0.spines[side].set_visible(False)
ax0.set_xticks([])
ax0.set_xlim((-.5, Ntrs - .5))
ax0.spines["left"].set_position(('outward', 10))
ax_d = plt.subplot2grid((total_sz, 1), (row_used, 0), rowspan=small_sz)
for iplot in np.arange(len(dvars)):
ax_d.plot(dvars[iplot], color=color[iplot], label=labels[iplot])
ax_d.set_ylabel('DVARS')
for side in ["top", "right", "bottom"]:
ax_d.spines[side].set_color('none')
ax_d.spines[side].set_visible(False)
ax_d.set_xticks([])
ax_d.set_xlim((-.5, Ntrs - .5))
ax_d.spines["left"].set_position(('outward', 10))
ax_d.legend(fontsize=fontsize - 2)
row_used = row_used + small_sz
st = 0
carpet_each = int((total_sz - row_used) / Ncarpet)
for idx, img_curr in enumerate(imgs):
ax_curr = plt.subplot2grid((total_sz, 1), (row_used + st, 0), rowspan=carpet_each)
fig = plotting.plot_carpet(img_curr, figure=fig, axes=ax_curr)
ax_curr.set_ylabel(y_labels[idx])
for side in ["bottom", "left"]:
ax_curr.spines[side].set_position(('outward', 10))
if idx < len(imgs)-1:
ax_curr.spines["bottom"].set_visible(False)
ax_curr.set_xticklabels('')
ax_curr.set_xlabel('')
st = st + carpet_each
file_carpet_plot = 'Carpet_plots' + png_append
fig.savefig(pjoin(out_figure_path, file_carpet_plot))
plt.close()
del fig, ax0, ax_curr, ax_d, dvars
os.remove(mask_file)
print('Carpet/DVARS plots saved')
if lp_filter:
os.remove(temp_img_file)
del temp_img
# Display T-stat maps for nuisance regressors
# create mean img
img_size = (img.shape[0], img.shape[1], img.shape[2])
mean_img = nb.Nifti1Image(np.reshape(data_mean, img_size), img.affine)
mx = []
for idx, col in enumerate(df.columns):
if not 'drift' in col and not constant in col:
con_vector = np.zeros((1, df.shape[1]))
con_vector[0, idx] = 1
con = results.Tcontrast(con_vector)
mx.append(np.max(np.absolute([con.t.min(), con.t.max()])))
mx = .8 * np.max(mx)
t_png = 'Tstat_'
file_tstat = []
for idx, col in enumerate(df.columns):
if not 'drift' in col and not constant in col:
con_vector = np.zeros((1, df.shape[1]))
con_vector[0, idx] = 1
con = results.Tcontrast(con_vector)
m_img = nb.Nifti1Image(np.reshape(con, img_size), img.affine)
title_str = col + ' Tstat'
fig = plotting.plot_stat_map(m_img, mean_img, threshold=3, colorbar=True, display_mode='z', vmax=mx,
title=title_str,
cut_coords=7)
file_temp = t_png + col + png_append
fig.savefig(pjoin(out_figure_path, file_temp))
file_tstat.append({'name': col, 'file': file_temp})
plt.close()
del fig, file_temp
print(title_str + ' map saved')
# Display R-sq map for nuisance regressors
m_img = nb.Nifti1Image(np.reshape(rsquare, img_size), img.affine)
title_str = 'Nuisance Rsq'
mx = .95 * rsquare.max()
fig = plotting.plot_stat_map(m_img, mean_img, threshold=.2, colorbar=True, display_mode='z', vmax=mx,
title=title_str,
cut_coords=7)
file_rsq_map = 'Rsquared' + png_append
fig.savefig(pjoin(out_figure_path, file_rsq_map))
plt.close()
del fig
print(title_str + ' map saved')
######### html report
templateLoader = jinja2.FileSystemLoader(searchpath="/")
templateEnv = jinja2.Environment(loader=templateLoader)
templateVars = {"img_file": img_file,
"save_img_file": save_img_file,
"Ntrs": Ntrs,
"tsv_file": tsv_file,
"col_names": col_names,
"hp_filter": hp_filter,
"lp_filter": lp_filter,
"file_design_matrix": file_design_matrix,
"file_corr_matrix": file_corr_matrix,
"file_fd_plot": file_fd_plot,
"file_rsq_map": file_rsq_map,
"file_tstat": file_tstat,
"x_scale": x_scale_html,
"mtx_scale": mtx_scale,
"file_carpet_plot": file_carpet_plot,
"carpet_scale": carpet_scale
}
TEMPLATE_FILE = pjoin(os.getcwd(), "report_template.html")
template = templateEnv.get_template(TEMPLATE_FILE)
outputText = template.render(templateVars)
html_file = pjoin(out_figure_path, img_name[0:img_name.find('.')] + '.html')
with open(html_file, "w") as f:
f.write(outputText)
print('')
print('HTML report: ' + html_file)
return new_img
###############################################################################
# Deriving a mask
# ---------------
from nilearn import masking
# Build an EPI-based mask because we have no anatomical data
mask_img = masking.compute_epi_mask(adhd_dataset.func[0])
###############################################################################
# Visualizing global patterns over time
# -------------------------------------
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from nilearn.plotting import plot_carpet
display = plot_carpet(adhd_dataset.func[0], mask_img)
display.show()
###############################################################################
# Deriving a label-based mask
# ---------------------------
# Create a gray matter/white matter/cerebrospinal fluid mask from
# ICBM152 tissue probability maps.
import nibabel as nib
import numpy as np
from nilearn import image
atlas = datasets.fetch_icbm152_2009()
atlas_img = image.concat_imgs((atlas["gm"], atlas["wm"], atlas["csf"]))
map_labels = {"Gray Matter": 1, "White Matter": 2, "Cerebrospinal Fluid": 3}