class ExtendedFinancialAnalysis_Example(Assembly):
""" Extended financial analysis assembly for coupling models to get a full wind plant cost of energy estimate as well as provides a detailed cost breakdown for the plant. """
# Inputs
turbine_number = Int(iotype='in', desc='number of turbines at plant')
#Outputs
turbine_cost = Float(iotype='out', desc='A Wind Turbine Capital _cost')
bos_costs = Float(iotype='out',
desc='A Wind Plant Balance of Station _cost Model')
avg_annual_opex = Float(iotype='out',
desc='A Wind Plant Operations Expenditures Model')
net_aep = Float(iotype='out',
desc='A Wind Plant Annual Energy Production Model',
units='kW*h')
coe = Float(iotype='out',
desc='Levelized cost of energy for the wind plant')
opex_breakdown = VarTree(OPEXVarTree(), iotype='out')
bos_breakdown = VarTree(BOSVarTree(),
iotype='out',
desc='BOS cost breakdown')
def configure(self):
configure_extended_financial_analysis(self)
self.replace('tcc_a', BaseTurbineCostModel_Example())
self.replace('aep_a', BaseAEPModel_Example())
self.replace('fin_a', BaseFinancialModel_Example())
self.replace('bos_a', ExtendedBOSCostModel_Example())
self.replace('opex_a', ExtendedOPEXModel_Example())
class ModifyBladePlanformBase(Component):
"""
Base for classes that modify a blade planform object
"""
pfIn = VarTree(BladePlanformVT(), iotype='in')
pfOut = VarTree(BladePlanformVT(), iotype='out')
class FstInputBuilder(Component):
"""
base class for setting up HAWC2 input data
add additional design variables and methods in derived classes
"""
fstIn = VarTree(FstModel(), iotype='in')
fstS = VarTree(FstModel(), iotype='in')
fstOut = VarTree(FstModel(), iotype='out')
def __init__(self):
super(FstInputBuilder,self).__init__()
def initialize_inputs(self):
self._logger.info('dublicating inputs')
self.fstS = self.fstIn.copy()
def execute(self):
self._logger.info('updating inputs')
# update outputs
self.fstOut = self.fstS.copy()
class RotorAeroCode(Component):
"""
Wrapper for a code capable of predicting the distributed loads
on a rotor
"""
pf = VarTree(BladePlanformVT(),
iotype='in',
desc='Blade geometric definition')
inflow = VarTree(TurbineEnvironmentVT(),
iotype='in',
desc='Rotor inflow conditions')
oper = VarTree(RotorOperationalData(),
iotype='out',
desc='Operational data')
rotor_loads = VarTree(RotorLoadsVT(),
iotype='out',
desc='Rotor torque, power, and thrust')
blade_loads = VarTree(DistributedLoadsExtVT(),
iotype='out',
desc='Spanwise load distributions')
def execute(self):
print 'perform analysis here'
class IECRunCaseBaseVT(VariableTree):
# General conditions needed
case_name = Str(
'IEC_case',
desc='Name of the specific case passed to the aeroelastic code')
simulation = VarTree(
AeroElasticSimulationSetup(), desc='Basic simulation input settings'
) # 4/28/2015 kld: should move elsewhere but leaving in for debugging
environment = VarTree(OffshoreTurbineEnvironmentVT(),
desc='Inflow conditions to the turbine simulation')
basic_turbine = VarTree(
BasicTurbineVT(),
desc='Basic turbine variables already defined in fusedwind')
rotor = VarTree(RotorOperationalData(),
desc='Rotor variables already defined in fusedwind')
pitch = VarTree(
FixedSpeedFixedPitch(),
desc='Pitch already defined in fusedwind') # should probably move
init_conditions = VarTree(FASTInitialConditions(),
desc='Initial conditions needed to run FAST')
simulation_specs = VarTree(
FASTSimulationSpecs(),
desc='Basic simulation input settings') #mb: also shouldn't be here
aero_inputs = VarTree(AerodynInputs(),
desc='Wind and airfoil files to run Aerodyn')
fst_inputs = VarTree(FASTInputs(), desc='FAST model variables')
ptfm_inputs = VarTree(PtfmInputs(), desc='Platform model variables')
class AeroelasticHAWTVT(BasicTurbineVT):
tilt_angle = Float(units='deg', desc='Rotor tilt angle')
cone_angle = Float(units='deg', desc='Rotor cone angle')
hub_radius = Float(units='m', desc='Hub radius')
blade_length = Float(units='m', desc='blade length')
tower_height = Float(units='m', desc='Tower height')
towertop_length = Float(units='m', desc='Nacelle Diameter')
shaft_length = Float(units='m', desc='Shaft length')
airfoildata = VarTree(AirfoilDatasetVT(), desc='Airfoil Aerodynamic characteristics')
drivetrain_performance = VarTree(DrivetrainPerformanceVT(), desc='drivetrain performance VT')
bodies = List()
def add_main_body(self, name, body=None):
if body is None:
body = MainBody()
if 'blade' in name:
body.remove('geom')
body.add('geom', VarTree(BladePlanformVT()))
if 'tower' in name:
body.remove('geom')
body.add('geom', VarTree(TubularTowerGeometryVT()))
self.add(name, VarTree(body))
self.bodies.append(name)
return getattr(self, name)
def get_main_body(self, name):
return getattr(self, name)
def remove_main_body(self, name):
self.delete(name)
def set_machine_type(self, machine_type):
self.remove('controls')
if machine_type == 'FixedSpeedFixedPitch':
self.add('controls', VarTree(FixedSpeedFixedPitch()))
if machine_type == 'FixedSpeedVarPitch':
self.add('controls', VarTree(FixedSpeedVarPitch()))
if machine_type == 'VarSpeedFixedPitch':
self.add('controls', VarTree(VarSpeedFixedPitch()))
if machine_type == 'VarSpeedVarPitch':
self.add('controls', VarTree(VarSpeedVarPitch()))
return self.controls
class InandOutTree(Component):
ins = VarTree(InVtree(), iotype="in")
outs = VarTree(OutVtree(), iotype="out")
def execute(self):
self.outs.x = 2 * self.ins.a
self.outs.y = 2 * self.ins.a + self.ins.b
class IECRunCaseBaseVT(VariableTree):
case_name = Str(
'IEC_case',
desc='Name of the specific case passed to the aeroelastic code')
simulation = VarTree(
AeroElasticSimulationSetup(), desc='Basic simulation input settings'
) # 4/28/2015 kld: should move elsewhere but leaving in for debugging
environment = VarTree(TurbineEnvironmentVT(),
desc='Inflow conditions to the turbine simulation')
class RotorAeroBase(Component):
"""
Base class for models that can predict the power and thrust of wind turbine rotor
for a single inflow case
"""
pf = VarTree(BladePlanformVT(), iotype='in', desc='Blade geometric definition')
inflow = VarTree(TurbineEnvironmentVT(), iotype='in', desc='Rotor inflow conditions')
oper = VarTree(RotorOperationalData(), iotype='out', desc='Operational data')
rotor_loads = VarTree(RotorLoadsVT(), iotype='out', desc='Rotor torque, power, and thrust')
class MainBody(VariableTree):
body_name = Str('body')
subsystem = Enum('Tower', ('Rotor', 'Nacelle', 'Tower', 'Foundation'))
beam_structure = VarTree(BeamStructureVT(), desc='Structural beam properties of the body')
geom = VarTree(BeamGeometryVT(), desc='Beam geometry')
mass = Float(desc='mass of the body')
damping_posdef = Array(np.zeros(6))
concentrated_mass = List(Array())
class MEflows(VariableTree):
"""Container of variables defining the flow properties of the mixer-ejector nozzle"""
# Primary and Secondary Streams
pri = VarTree(Stream(), iotype='in')
sec = VarTree(Stream(), iotype='in')
gamma = Float(1.4, desc='Ratio of specific heats')
Pstatic = Float(2116.8,
units='lbf/ft**2',
desc='Freestream static pressure')
class ModifyBladeStructureBase(Component):
st3dIn = VarTree(
BladeStructureVT3D(),
iotype='in',
desc='Vartree containing initial discrete definition of blade structure'
)
st3dOut = VarTree(
BladeStructureVT3D(),
iotype='out',
desc=
'Vartree containing modified discrete definition of blade structure')
class RotorAero(Component):
"""
Class that extends the TurbineAeroBase with distributed blade
loads for a single inflow case
"""
pf = VarTree(BladePlanformVT(), iotype='in', desc='Blade geometric definition')
inflow = VarTree(TurbineEnvironmentVT(), iotype='in', desc='Rotor inflow conditions')
oper = VarTree(RotorOperationalData(), iotype='out', desc='Operational data')
rotor_loads = VarTree(RotorLoadsVT(), iotype='out', desc='Rotor torque, power, and thrust')
blade_loads = VarTree(DistributedLoadsExtVT(), iotype='out', desc='Spanwise load distributions')
def __init__(self, Ns):
super(Failures, self).__init__()
# inputs
self.add('flags', VarTree(Flags(), iotype='in'))
self.add('yN', Array(np.zeros(Ns + 1), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('Finternal', Array(np.zeros((6, Ns + 1)),
iotype='in',
desc=''))
self.add('strain', VarTree(Strain(Ns), iotype='in'))
self.add('d', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('theta', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('nTube', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('nCap', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('yWire', Array([0], iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('zWire', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('EIxJ', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('EIzJ', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('lBiscuit', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('dQuad', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('thetaQuad', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('nTubeQuad', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('lBiscuitQuad', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('RQuad', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('hQuad', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('EIQuad', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('GJQuad', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('tWire', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('TWire', Array([0], iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('TEtension', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
# all this to get TQuad... maybe should be split out
self.add('b', Int(0, iotype='in', desc='number of blades'))
self.add('fblade', VarTree(Fblade(Ns), iotype='in'))
self.add('mSpar', Array(np.zeros(Ns),
iotype='in',
desc='mass of spars'))
self.add('mChord',
Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc='mass of chords'))
self.add('mElseRotor', Float(0., iotype='in', desc=''))
# outputs
self.add('fail', VarTree(Failure(Ns), iotype='out'))
class CS2Dsolver(Component):
cs2d = List(CrossSectionStructureVT, iotype='in', desc='Blade cross sectional structure geometry')
pf = VarTree(BladePlanformVT(), iotype='in', desc='Blade planform discretized according to'
'the structural resolution')
beam_structure = VarTree(BeamStructureVT(), iotype='out', desc='Structural beam properties')
def execute(self):
print ''
for i, cs in enumerate(self.cs2d):
print 'processing cross section %i' % i
class ComputeHAWC2BeamProps(Component):
"""
Component that postprocesses the individual outputs from the
BECAS case runs returning a BeamStructureVT, mass and mass moment.
"""
pf = VarTree(BladePlanformVT(), iotype='in')
hub_radius = Float(iotype='in')
cs2d_cases = List(iotype='in')
g = Float(9.81, iotype='in')
beam_structure = VarTree(BeamStructureVT(), iotype='out')
mass = Float(iotype='out')
mass_moment = Float(iotype='out')
def execute(self):
self.beam_structure = self.beam_structure.copy()
ni = len(self.cs2d_cases)
for name in self.beam_structure.list_vars():
var = getattr(self.beam_structure, name)
if name == 'J':
nname = 'K'
else:
nname = name
if isinstance(var, np.ndarray):
var = np.zeros(ni)
for i, h2d in enumerate(self.cs2d_cases):
try:
var[i] = getattr(h2d, nname)
except:
pass
setattr(self.beam_structure, name, var)
self.beam_structure.s = self.pf.s * self.pf.smax * self.pf.blade_length
self.mass = np.trapz(self.beam_structure.dm, self.beam_structure.s)
self.mass_moment = np.trapz(
self.g * self.beam_structure.dm *
(self.beam_structure.s + self.hub_radius), self.beam_structure.s)
print 'Mass: ', self.mass
print 'Mass moment: ', self.mass_moment
self.beam_structure.x_e += (
0.5 - self.pf.p_le) * self.pf.chord * self.pf.blade_length
self.beam_structure.x_cg += (
0.5 - self.pf.p_le) * self.pf.chord * self.pf.blade_length
self.beam_structure.x_sh += (
0.5 - self.pf.p_le) * self.pf.chord * self.pf.blade_length
def set_machine_type(self, machine_type):
self.remove('controls')
if machine_type == 'FixedSpeedFixedPitch':
self.add('controls', VarTree(FixedSpeedFixedPitch()))
if machine_type == 'FixedSpeedVarPitch':
self.add('controls', VarTree(FixedSpeedVarPitch()))
if machine_type == 'VarSpeedFixedPitch':
self.add('controls', VarTree(VarSpeedFixedPitch()))
if machine_type == 'VarSpeedVarPitch':
self.add('controls', VarTree(VarSpeedVarPitch()))
return self.controls
class Failure(VariableTree):
top = VarTree(MaterialFailure())
bottom = VarTree(MaterialFailure())
back = VarTree(MaterialFailure())
front = VarTree(MaterialFailure())
buckling = VarTree(BucklingFailure())
quad_buckling = Float(desc='Quad Buckling failure')
quad_bend = Float(desc='Quad bending moment failure')
quad_torsion = Float(desc='Quad torsional material failure')
quad_torbuck = Float(desc='Quad torsional buckling failure')
wire = Array(desc='Wire tensile failure')
class FUSEDAssembly(Assembly):
"""
Base class for all FUSED-Wind assemblies which extends OpenMDAO's Assembly
with dedicated slots for I/O and methods for recording runs.
"""
inputs = VarTree(
CaseInputsBase(),
iotype='in',
desc='Placeholder for FUSED-Wind inputs to a simulation code')
outputs = VarTree(CaseOutputsBase(),
iotype='out',
desc='Placeholder for FUSED-Wind outputs generated by a'
'simulation code')
class HAWC2PostPowerCurve(Component):
cases = Slot(ICaseIterator, iotype='in')
rotor_loads = VarTree(RotorLoadsArrayVT(), iotype='out')
nraverage = Int(200)
def execute(self):
wsp = []
P = []
T = []
Q = []
for case in self.cases:
wsp.append(case.get_input('builder.Ps.wind.wsp'))
out = case.get_output('wrapper.output')
data = out.datasets[0].get_channels([10, 11, 12])
Q.append(np.average(data[-self.nraverage:, 0]))
P.append(np.average(data[-self.nraverage:, 1]))
T.append(np.average(data[-self.nraverage:, 2]))
# sort the cases to make sure they are stored with increasing wsp
zipped = zip(wsp, T, Q, P)
zipped.sort()
wsp, T, Q, P = zip(*zipped)
self.rotor_loads.wsp = wsp
self.rotor_loads.T = np.array(T) * 1000.
self.rotor_loads.Q = np.array(Q) * 1000.
self.rotor_loads.P = np.array(P) * 1000.
class Builder(Component):
st3d = VarTree(BladeVT(), iotype='in')
def execute(self):
for region in self.st3d.section0.regions:
# print region, getattr(self.st3d.section0, region)
getattr(self.st3d.section0, region)
class SplinedRegion(Component):
region = VarTree(RegionVT(), iotype='out')
def execute(self):
# print 'computing splines for c0 and c1'
self.region.c0 = 1.0 # np.sin(np.linspace(0,1,10))
self.region.c1 = 2.0 # np.cos(np.linspace(0,1,10))
class GenericWindFarm(Component):
# Inputs:
wind_speed = Float(iotype='in',
low=0.0,
high=100.0,
units='m/s',
desc='Inflow wind speed at hub height')
wind_direction = Float(iotype='in',
low=0.0,
high=360.0,
units='deg',
desc='Inflow wind direction at hub height')
wt_layout = VarTree(GenericWindFarmTurbineLayout(),
iotype='in',
desc='wind turbine properties and layout')
# Outputs:
power = Float(iotype='out',
units='kW',
desc='Total wind farm power production')
thrust = Float(iotype='out', units='N', desc='Total wind farm thrust')
wt_power = Array([],
iotype='out',
desc='The power production of each wind turbine')
wt_thrust = Array([], iotype='out', desc='The thrust of each wind turbine')
def add_dll(self, dll_name, b):
b.dll_name = dll_name
if not hasattr(self, dll_name):
self.add(dll_name, VarTree(b))
else:
print 'dll: %s already added' % dll_name
def add_case(self, obj, wsp=None, case_name=None):
"""
Add a BeamDisplacementsVT
Specify either wsp or a user specified case name
Parameters
----------
obj: BeamDisplacementsVT object
case to be added
wsp: float
optional wind speed
case_name: str
custom case name
"""
if wsp == None and case_name == None:
raise RuntimeError('Expected either wsp or case_name, got ' %
(wsp, case_name))
if wsp is not None:
name = 'loads%2.2f' % wsp
elif case_name is not None:
name = case_name
self.add(name, VarTree(obj))
self.loads_array.append(name)
return getattr(self, name)
class WTPC(GenericWindTurbinePowerCurveVT):
""" A GenericWindTurbinePowerCurveVT with a name, position and wind rose
"""
# GenericWindTurbineVT
hub_height = Float(desc='Machine hub height', units='m')
rotor_diameter = Float(desc='Machine rotor diameter', units='m')
power_rating = Float(desc='Machine power rating', units='W')
# GenericWindTurbinePowerCurveVT
c_t_curve = Array(desc='Machine thrust coefficients by wind speed at hub')
power_curve = Array(desc='Machine power output [W] by wind speed at hub')
cut_in_wind_speed = Float(4.,
desc='The cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine',
units='m/s')
cut_out_wind_speed = Float(
25., desc='The cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine', units='m/s')
rated_wind_speed = Float(desc='The rated wind speed of the wind turbine',
units='m/s')
air_density = Float(desc='The air density the power curve are valid for',
units='kg/(m*m*m)')
# WTPC
name = Str(desc='The wind turbine name')
position = Array(shape=(2, ),
desc='The UTM position of the turbine',
units='m')
wind_rose = VarTree(GenericWindRoseVT(), desc='The wind turbine wind rose')
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
"""Initialise the variable tree with the right inputs"""
super(WTPC, self).__init__()
for k, v in kwargs.iteritems():
if k in self.list_vars():
setattr(self, k, v)
class BladePlanformWriter(Component):
filebase = Str('blade')
pf = VarTree(BladePlanformVT(), iotype='in')
def execute(self):
name = self.filebase + self.itername + '.pfd'
try:
if '-fd' in self.itername or '-fd' in self.parent.itername:
name = self.filebase + '.pfd'
except:
pass
data = np.array([
self.pf.x, self.pf.y, self.pf.z, self.pf.rot_x, self.pf.rot_y,
self.pf.rot_z, self.pf.chord, self.pf.rthick, self.pf.p_le
]).T
fid = open(name, 'w')
header = [
'main_axis_x', 'main_axis_y', 'main_axis_z', 'rot_x', 'rot_y',
'rot_z', 'chord', 'rthick', 'p_le'
]
exp_prec = 10 # exponential precesion
col_width = exp_prec + 8 # column width required for exp precision
header_full = '# ' + ''.join([(hh + ' [%i]').center(col_width + 2) % i
for i, hh in enumerate(header)]) + '\n'
fid.write(header_full)
np.savetxt(fid, data, fmt='%' + ' %i.%ie' % (col_width, exp_prec))
fid.close()
def __init__(self, Ns):
super(Strains, self).__init__()
# inputs
self.add('yN', Array(np.zeros(Ns + 1), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add('d', Array(np.zeros(Ns), iotype='in', desc=''))
self.add(
'k',
Array(np.zeros((Ns + 2, Ns + 2, Ns)),
iotype='in',
desc='Local elastic stiffness matrix'))
self.add(
'F',
Array(np.zeros((6 * (Ns + 1), 1)),
iotype='in',
desc='global force vector'))
self.add(
'q',
Array(np.zeros((6 * (Ns + 1), 1)), iotype='in',
desc='deformation'))
# outputs
self.add(
'Finternal',
Array(np.zeros((6, Ns + 1)), iotype='out', desc='internal forces'))
self.add('strain', VarTree(Strain(Ns), iotype='out', desc='strains'))
class RotorStructureBase(Component):
"""
Base class for models that can predict blade deflections
based on load distribution
"""
blade_disps = VarTree(BeamDisplacementsVT(), iotype='out', desc='Blade deflections and rotations')
class BoxParametricGeometry(Component):
"""A simple parametric geometry (a box)"""
height = Float(2, iotype="in")
volume = Float(8, iotype="in")
geom_data = VarTree(GeomData(n_point=8, n_facet=6, facet_size=4),
iotype="out")
def __init__(self):
super(BoxParametricGeometry, self).__init__()
# color array. one color per face in this case
self.colors = array(
[
[0, 0, 255], # v0-v1-v2-v3
[255, 0, 0], # v0-v3-v4-v5
[0, 255, 0], # v0-v5-v6-v1
[255, 255, 0], # v1-v6-v7-v2
[255, 0, 255], # v7-v4-v3-v2
[0, 255, 255], # v4-v7-v6-v5
],
dtype=float32)
# index array
# each face has 2 triangles
self.triangles = array([0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3], dtype=int32)
self.bbox = [-1., -1., -1., 1., 1., 1.]
self.geom_data.facets = array(
[
[0, 1, 2, 3], #front
[0, 3, 4, 5], #right
[0, 5, 6, 1], #top
[1, 6, 7, 2], #left
[7, 4, 3, 2], #bottom
[4, 7, 6, 5], #back
],
dtype="int")
def execute(self):
h = self.height
x = h / 2.
self.bbox = [-1, -1, -x, 1, 1, x]
self.volume = 2 * 2 * h
self.geom_data.points = array(
[
[1, 1, x],
[-1, 1, x],
[-1, -1, x],
[1, -1, x], # v0, v1, v2, v3
[1, -1, -x],
[1, 1, -x],
[-1, 1, -x],
[-1, -1, -x], # v4, v5, v6, v7
],
dtype=float32)