def get_dynamic_types(cls, net):
if not cls.cached_types == None:
return cls.cached_types
t = dict(share_info_type=None, share_type=None, ref_type=None)
segwit_data = ('segwit_data', pack.PossiblyNoneType(dict(txid_merkle_link=dict(branch=[], index=0), wtxid_merkle_root=2**256-1), pack.ComposedType([
('txid_merkle_link', pack.ComposedType([
('branch', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('index', pack.IntType(0)), # it will always be 0
])),
('wtxid_merkle_root', pack.IntType(256))
])))
t['share_info_type'] = pack.ComposedType([
('share_data', pack.ComposedType([
('previous_share_hash', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('coinbase', pack.VarStrType()),
('nonce', pack.IntType(32)),
('pubkey_hash', pack.IntType(160)),
('subsidy', pack.IntType(64)),
('donation', pack.IntType(16)),
('stale_info', pack.EnumType(pack.IntType(8), dict((k, {0: None, 253: 'orphan', 254: 'doa'}.get(k, 'unk%i' % (k,))) for k in xrange(256)))),
('desired_version', pack.VarIntType()),
]))] + ([segwit_data] if is_segwit_activated(cls.VERSION, net) else []) + [
('new_transaction_hashes', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('transaction_hash_refs', pack.ListType(pack.VarIntType(), 2)), # pairs of share_count, tx_count
('far_share_hash', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('max_bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('timestamp', pack.IntType(32)),
('absheight', pack.IntType(32)),
('abswork', pack.IntType(128)),
])
t['share_type'] = pack.ComposedType([
('min_header', cls.small_block_header_type),
('share_info', t['share_info_type']),
('ref_merkle_link', pack.ComposedType([
('branch', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('index', pack.IntType(0)),
])),
('last_txout_nonce', pack.IntType(64)),
('hash_link', hash_link_type),
('merkle_link', pack.ComposedType([
('branch', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('index', pack.IntType(0)), # it will always be 0
])),
])
t['ref_type'] = pack.ComposedType([
('identifier', pack.FixedStrType(64//8)),
('share_info', t['share_info_type']),
])
cls.cached_types = t
return t
class Share(object):
VERSION = 13
VOTING_VERSION = 13
SUCCESSOR = None
small_block_header_type = pack.ComposedType([
('version', pack.VarIntType()),
('previous_block', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('timestamp', pack.IntType(32)),
('bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('nonce', pack.IntType(32)),
])
share_info_type = pack.ComposedType([
('share_data', pack.ComposedType([
('previous_share_hash', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('coinbase', pack.VarStrType()),
('nonce', pack.IntType(32)),
('pubkey_hash', pack.IntType(160)),
('subsidy', pack.IntType(64)),
('donation', pack.IntType(16)),
('stale_info', pack.EnumType(pack.IntType(8), dict((k, {0: None, 253: 'orphan', 254: 'doa'}.get(k, 'unk%i' % (k,))) for k in xrange(256)))),
('desired_version', pack.VarIntType()),
])),
('new_transaction_hashes', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('transaction_hash_refs', pack.ListType(pack.VarIntType(), 2)), # pairs of share_count, tx_count
('far_share_hash', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('max_bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('timestamp', pack.IntType(32)),
('absheight', pack.IntType(32)),
('abswork', pack.IntType(128)),
])
share_type = pack.ComposedType([
('min_header', small_block_header_type),
('share_info', share_info_type),
('ref_merkle_link', pack.ComposedType([
('branch', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('index', pack.IntType(0)),
])),
('last_txout_nonce', pack.IntType(64)),
('hash_link', hash_link_type),
('merkle_link', pack.ComposedType([
('branch', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('index', pack.IntType(0)), # it will always be 0
])),
])
ref_type = pack.ComposedType([
('identifier', pack.FixedStrType(64//8)),
('share_info', share_info_type),
])
gentx_before_refhash = pack.VarStrType().pack(DONATION_SCRIPT) + pack.IntType(64).pack(0) + pack.VarStrType().pack('\x6a\x28' + pack.IntType(256).pack(0) + pack.IntType(64).pack(0))[:3]
@classmethod
def generate_transaction(cls, tracker, share_data, block_target, desired_timestamp, desired_target, ref_merkle_link, desired_other_transaction_hashes_and_fees, net, known_txs=None, last_txout_nonce=0, base_subsidy=None):
previous_share = tracker.items[share_data['previous_share_hash']] if share_data['previous_share_hash'] is not None else None
height, last = tracker.get_height_and_last(share_data['previous_share_hash'])
assert height >= net.REAL_CHAIN_LENGTH or last is None
if height < net.TARGET_LOOKBEHIND:
pre_target3 = net.MAX_TARGET
else:
attempts_per_second = get_pool_attempts_per_second(tracker, share_data['previous_share_hash'], net.TARGET_LOOKBEHIND, min_work=True, integer=True)
pre_target = 2**256//(net.SHARE_PERIOD*attempts_per_second) - 1 if attempts_per_second else 2**256-1
pre_target2 = math.clip(pre_target, (previous_share.max_target*9//10, previous_share.max_target*11//10))
pre_target3 = math.clip(pre_target2, (net.MIN_TARGET, net.MAX_TARGET))
max_bits = bitcoin_data.FloatingInteger.from_target_upper_bound(pre_target3)
bits = bitcoin_data.FloatingInteger.from_target_upper_bound(math.clip(desired_target, (pre_target3//30, pre_target3)))
new_transaction_hashes = []
new_transaction_size = 0
transaction_hash_refs = []
other_transaction_hashes = []
past_shares = list(tracker.get_chain(share_data['previous_share_hash'], min(height, 100)))
tx_hash_to_this = {}
for i, share in enumerate(past_shares):
for j, tx_hash in enumerate(share.new_transaction_hashes):
if tx_hash not in tx_hash_to_this:
tx_hash_to_this[tx_hash] = [1+i, j] # share_count, tx_count
for tx_hash, fee in desired_other_transaction_hashes_and_fees:
if tx_hash in tx_hash_to_this:
this = tx_hash_to_this[tx_hash]
else:
if known_txs is not None:
this_size = bitcoin_data.tx_type.packed_size(known_txs[tx_hash])
if new_transaction_size + this_size > 50000: # only allow 50 kB of new txns/share
break
new_transaction_size += this_size
new_transaction_hashes.append(tx_hash)
this = [0, len(new_transaction_hashes)-1]
transaction_hash_refs.extend(this)
other_transaction_hashes.append(tx_hash)
included_transactions = set(other_transaction_hashes)
removed_fees = [fee for tx_hash, fee in desired_other_transaction_hashes_and_fees if tx_hash not in included_transactions]
definite_fees = sum(0 if fee is None else fee for tx_hash, fee in desired_other_transaction_hashes_and_fees if tx_hash in included_transactions)
if None not in removed_fees:
share_data = dict(share_data, subsidy=share_data['subsidy'] - sum(removed_fees))
else:
assert base_subsidy is not None
share_data = dict(share_data, subsidy=base_subsidy + definite_fees)
weights, total_weight, donation_weight = tracker.get_cumulative_weights(previous_share.share_data['previous_share_hash'] if previous_share is not None else None,
min(height, net.REAL_CHAIN_LENGTH-1),
65535*net.SPREAD*bitcoin_data.target_to_average_attempts(block_target),
)
assert total_weight == sum(weights.itervalues()) + donation_weight, (total_weight, sum(weights.itervalues()) + donation_weight)
amounts = dict((script, share_data['subsidy']*(199*weight)//(200*total_weight)) for script, weight in weights.iteritems()) # 99.5% goes according to weights prior to this share
this_script = bitcoin_data.pubkey_hash_to_script2(share_data['pubkey_hash'])
amounts[this_script] = amounts.get(this_script, 0) + share_data['subsidy']//200 # 0.5% goes to block finder
amounts[DONATION_SCRIPT] = amounts.get(DONATION_SCRIPT, 0) + share_data['subsidy'] - sum(amounts.itervalues()) # all that's left over is the donation weight and some extra satoshis due to rounding
if sum(amounts.itervalues()) != share_data['subsidy'] or any(x < 0 for x in amounts.itervalues()):
raise ValueError()
dests = sorted(amounts.iterkeys(), key=lambda script: (script == DONATION_SCRIPT, amounts[script], script))[-4000:] # block length limit, unlikely to ever be hit
share_info = dict(
share_data=share_data,
far_share_hash=None if last is None and height < 99 else tracker.get_nth_parent_hash(share_data['previous_share_hash'], 99),
max_bits=max_bits,
bits=bits,
timestamp=math.clip(desired_timestamp, (
(previous_share.timestamp + net.SHARE_PERIOD) - (net.SHARE_PERIOD - 1), # = previous_share.timestamp + 1
(previous_share.timestamp + net.SHARE_PERIOD) + (net.SHARE_PERIOD - 1),
)) if previous_share is not None else desired_timestamp,
new_transaction_hashes=new_transaction_hashes,
transaction_hash_refs=transaction_hash_refs,
absheight=((previous_share.absheight if previous_share is not None else 0) + 1) % 2**32,
abswork=((previous_share.abswork if previous_share is not None else 0) + bitcoin_data.target_to_average_attempts(bits.target)) % 2**128,
)
gentx = dict(
version=1,
tx_ins=[dict(
previous_output=None,
sequence=None,
script=share_data['coinbase'],
)],
tx_outs=[dict(value=amounts[script], script=script) for script in dests if amounts[script] or script == DONATION_SCRIPT] + [dict(
value=0,
script='\x6a\x28' + cls.get_ref_hash(net, share_info, ref_merkle_link) + pack.IntType(64).pack(last_txout_nonce),
)],
lock_time=0,
)
def get_share(header, last_txout_nonce=last_txout_nonce):
min_header = dict(header); del min_header['merkle_root']
share = cls(net, None, dict(
min_header=min_header,
share_info=share_info,
ref_merkle_link=dict(branch=[], index=0),
last_txout_nonce=last_txout_nonce,
hash_link=prefix_to_hash_link(bitcoin_data.tx_type.pack(gentx)[:-32-8-4], cls.gentx_before_refhash),
merkle_link=bitcoin_data.calculate_merkle_link([None] + other_transaction_hashes, 0),
))
assert share.header == header # checks merkle_root
return share
return share_info, gentx, other_transaction_hashes, get_share
@classmethod
def get_ref_hash(cls, net, share_info, ref_merkle_link):
return pack.IntType(256).pack(bitcoin_data.check_merkle_link(bitcoin_data.hash256(cls.ref_type.pack(dict(
identifier=net.IDENTIFIER,
share_info=share_info,
))), ref_merkle_link))
__slots__ = 'net peer_addr contents min_header share_info hash_link merkle_link hash share_data max_target target timestamp previous_hash new_script desired_version gentx_hash header pow_hash header_hash new_transaction_hashes time_seen absheight abswork'.split(' ')
def __init__(self, net, peer_addr, contents):
self.net = net
self.peer_addr = peer_addr
self.contents = contents
self.min_header = contents['min_header']
self.share_info = contents['share_info']
self.hash_link = contents['hash_link']
self.merkle_link = contents['merkle_link']
if not (2 <= len(self.share_info['share_data']['coinbase']) <= 100):
raise ValueError('''bad coinbase size! %i bytes''' % (len(self.share_info['share_data']['coinbase']),))
if len(self.merkle_link['branch']) > 16:
raise ValueError('merkle branch too long!')
assert not self.hash_link['extra_data'], repr(self.hash_link['extra_data'])
self.share_data = self.share_info['share_data']
self.max_target = self.share_info['max_bits'].target
self.target = self.share_info['bits'].target
self.timestamp = self.share_info['timestamp']
self.previous_hash = self.share_data['previous_share_hash']
self.new_script = bitcoin_data.pubkey_hash_to_script2(self.share_data['pubkey_hash'])
self.desired_version = self.share_data['desired_version']
self.absheight = self.share_info['absheight']
self.abswork = self.share_info['abswork']
n = set()
for share_count, tx_count in self.iter_transaction_hash_refs():
assert share_count < 110
if share_count == 0:
n.add(tx_count)
assert n == set(range(len(self.share_info['new_transaction_hashes'])))
self.gentx_hash = check_hash_link(
self.hash_link,
self.get_ref_hash(net, self.share_info, contents['ref_merkle_link']) + pack.IntType(64).pack(self.contents['last_txout_nonce']) + pack.IntType(32).pack(0),
self.gentx_before_refhash,
)
merkle_root = bitcoin_data.check_merkle_link(self.gentx_hash, self.merkle_link)
self.header = dict(self.min_header, merkle_root=merkle_root)
self.pow_hash = net.PARENT.POW_FUNC(bitcoin_data.block_header_type.pack(self.header))
self.hash = self.header_hash = bitcoin_data.hash256(bitcoin_data.block_header_type.pack(self.header))
if self.target > net.MAX_TARGET:
from p2pool import p2p
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError('share target invalid')
if self.pow_hash > self.target:
from p2pool import p2p
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError('share PoW invalid')
self.new_transaction_hashes = self.share_info['new_transaction_hashes']
# XXX eww
self.time_seen = time.time()
def __repr__(self):
return 'Share' + repr((self.net, self.peer_addr, self.contents))
def as_share(self):
return dict(type=self.VERSION, contents=self.share_type.pack(self.contents))
def iter_transaction_hash_refs(self):
return zip(self.share_info['transaction_hash_refs'][::2], self.share_info['transaction_hash_refs'][1::2])
def check(self, tracker):
from p2pool import p2p
if self.share_data['previous_share_hash'] is not None:
previous_share = tracker.items[self.share_data['previous_share_hash']]
if type(self) is type(previous_share):
pass
elif type(self) is type(previous_share).SUCCESSOR:
if tracker.get_height(previous_share.hash) < self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH:
from p2pool import p2p
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError('switch without enough history')
# switch only valid if 85% of hashes in [self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH*9//10, self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH] for new version
counts = get_desired_version_counts(tracker,
tracker.get_nth_parent_hash(previous_share.hash, self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH*9//10), self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH//10)
if counts.get(self.VERSION, 0) < sum(counts.itervalues())*85//100:
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError('switch without enough hash power upgraded')
else:
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError('''%s can't follow %s''' % (type(self).__name__, type(previous_share).__name__))
other_tx_hashes = [tracker.items[tracker.get_nth_parent_hash(self.hash, share_count)].share_info['new_transaction_hashes'][tx_count] for share_count, tx_count in self.iter_transaction_hash_refs()]
share_info, gentx, other_tx_hashes2, get_share = self.generate_transaction(tracker, self.share_info['share_data'], self.header['bits'].target, self.share_info['timestamp'], self.share_info['bits'].target, self.contents['ref_merkle_link'], [(h, None) for h in other_tx_hashes], self.net, last_txout_nonce=self.contents['last_txout_nonce'])
assert other_tx_hashes2 == other_tx_hashes
if share_info != self.share_info:
raise ValueError('share_info invalid')
if bitcoin_data.hash256(bitcoin_data.tx_type.pack(gentx)) != self.gentx_hash:
raise ValueError('''gentx doesn't match hash_link''')
if bitcoin_data.calculate_merkle_link([None] + other_tx_hashes, 0) != self.merkle_link:
raise ValueError('merkle_link and other_tx_hashes do not match')
return gentx # only used by as_block
def get_other_tx_hashes(self, tracker):
parents_needed = max(share_count for share_count, tx_count in self.iter_transaction_hash_refs()) if self.share_info['transaction_hash_refs'] else 0
parents = tracker.get_height(self.hash) - 1
if parents < parents_needed:
return None
last_shares = list(tracker.get_chain(self.hash, parents_needed + 1))
return [last_shares[share_count].share_info['new_transaction_hashes'][tx_count] for share_count, tx_count in self.iter_transaction_hash_refs()]
def _get_other_txs(self, tracker, known_txs):
other_tx_hashes = self.get_other_tx_hashes(tracker)
if other_tx_hashes is None:
return None # not all parents present
if not all(tx_hash in known_txs for tx_hash in other_tx_hashes):
return None # not all txs present
return [known_txs[tx_hash] for tx_hash in other_tx_hashes]
def should_punish_reason(self, previous_block, bits, tracker, known_txs):
if (self.header['previous_block'], self.header['bits']) != (previous_block, bits) and self.header_hash != previous_block and self.peer_addr is not None:
return True, 'Block-stale detected! height(%x) < height(%x) or %08x != %08x' % (self.header['previous_block'], previous_block, self.header['bits'].bits, bits.bits)
if self.pow_hash <= self.header['bits'].target:
return -1, 'block solution'
other_txs = self._get_other_txs(tracker, known_txs)
if other_txs is None:
pass
else:
all_txs_size = sum(bitcoin_data.tx_type.packed_size(tx) for tx in other_txs)
if all_txs_size > 1000000:
return True, 'txs over block size limit'
new_txs_size = sum(bitcoin_data.tx_type.packed_size(known_txs[tx_hash]) for tx_hash in self.share_info['new_transaction_hashes'])
if new_txs_size > 50000:
return True, 'new txs over limit'
return False, None
def as_block(self, tracker, known_txs):
other_txs = self._get_other_txs(tracker, known_txs)
if other_txs is None:
return None # not all txs present
return dict(header=self.header, txs=[self.check(tracker)] + other_txs)
import hashlib
import os
import random
import sys
import time
from twisted.python import log
import p2pool
from p2pool.bitcoin import data as bitcoin_data, script, sha256
from p2pool.util import math, forest, pack
# hashlink
hash_link_type = pack.ComposedType([
('state', pack.FixedStrType(32)),
('extra_data', pack.FixedStrType(0)), # bit of a hack, but since the donation script is at the end, const_ending is long enough to always make this empty
('length', pack.VarIntType()),
])
def prefix_to_hash_link(prefix, const_ending=''):
assert prefix.endswith(const_ending), (prefix, const_ending)
x = sha256.sha256(prefix)
return dict(state=x.state, extra_data=x.buf[:max(0, len(x.buf)-len(const_ending))], length=x.length//8)
def check_hash_link(hash_link, data, const_ending=''):
extra_length = hash_link['length'] % (512//8)
assert len(hash_link['extra_data']) == max(0, extra_length - len(const_ending))
extra = (hash_link['extra_data'] + const_ending)[len(hash_link['extra_data']) + len(const_ending) - extra_length:]
assert len(extra) == extra_length
return pack.IntType(256).unpack(hashlib.sha256(sha256.sha256(data, (hash_link['state'], extra, 8*hash_link['length'])).digest()).digest())
import hashlib
import os
import random
import sys
import time
from twisted.python import log
import p2pool
from p2pool.ezoncoin import data as ezoncoin_data, script, sha256
from p2pool.util import math, forest, pack
# hashlink
hash_link_type = pack.ComposedType([
('state', pack.FixedStrType(32)),
(
'extra_data', pack.FixedStrType(0)
), # bit of a hack, but since the donation script is at the end, const_ending is long enough to always make this empty
('length', pack.VarIntType()),
])
def prefix_to_hash_link(prefix, const_ending=''):
assert prefix.endswith(const_ending), (prefix, const_ending)
x = sha256.sha256(prefix)
return dict(state=x.state,
extra_data=x.buf[:max(0,
len(x.buf) - len(const_ending))],
length=x.length // 8)
class Share(object):
VERSION = 9
SUCCESSOR = None
other_txs = None
small_block_header_type = pack.ComposedType([
('version', pack.VarIntType()),
('previous_block', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('timestamp', pack.IntType(32)),
('bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('nonce', pack.IntType(32)),
])
share_info_type = pack.ComposedType([
('share_data',
pack.ComposedType([
('previous_share_hash',
pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('coinbase', pack.VarStrType()),
('nonce', pack.IntType(32)),
('script', pack.VarStrType()),
('subsidy', pack.IntType(64)),
('donation', pack.IntType(16)),
('stale_info',
pack.EnumType(
pack.IntType(8),
dict((k, {
0: None,
253: 'orphan',
254: 'doa'
}.get(k, 'unk%i' % (k, ))) for k in xrange(256)))),
('desired_version', pack.VarIntType()),
])),
('new_transaction_hashes', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('transaction_hash_refs',
pack.ListType(pack.VarIntType(),
2)), # pairs of share_count, tx_count
('far_share_hash', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('max_bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('timestamp', pack.IntType(32)),
])
share_type = pack.ComposedType([
('min_header', small_block_header_type),
('share_info', share_info_type),
('ref_merkle_link',
pack.ComposedType([
('branch', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('index', pack.IntType(0)),
])),
('last_txout_nonce', pack.IntType(32)),
('hash_link', hash_link_type),
(
'merkle_link',
pack.ComposedType([
('branch', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('index', pack.IntType(0)), # it will always be 0
])),
])
ref_type = pack.ComposedType([
('identifier', pack.FixedStrType(64 // 8)),
('share_info', share_info_type),
])
gentx_before_refhash = pack.VarStrType(
).pack(DONATION_SCRIPT) + pack.IntType(64).pack(minout) + pack.VarStrType(
).pack('\x24' + pack.IntType(256).pack(0) + pack.IntType(32).pack(0))[:2]
@classmethod
def generate_transaction(cls,
tracker,
share_data,
block_target,
desired_timestamp,
desired_target,
ref_merkle_link,
desired_other_transaction_hashes_and_fees,
net,
known_txs=None,
last_txout_nonce=0,
base_subsidy=None):
previous_share = tracker.items[
share_data['previous_share_hash']] if share_data[
'previous_share_hash'] is not None else None
def get_coinbase_fee(share_data, outpointsnum):
# calculate neccessary coinbase fee
# coinbase usually seems like this:
#
# 01000000 - nVersion
# 1a184351 - nTimestamp
# 01 - Inputs num
# 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - Input hash
# ffffffff - Input index (-1)
# 0a02732a062f503253482f - Scriptsig
# ffffffff - nSequence
# 15 - Outpoints num
# (User outpoints, 44 bytes per each)
# (Donation outpoint, 76 bytes)
# P2Pool service outpoint (contains merkle link), 46 bytes
#
# 1027000000000000
# 25
# 2417cc2063b11fd5255c7e5605780de78163ffc698ed22856bff1a5d880c3c44e400000000
# Giving users some time to upgrade
coinbase_size = 50 + (
1 + len(share_data['coinbase'])) + outpointsnum * 44 + 76 + 46
# if coinbase size is greater than 1000 bytes, it should pay fee (0.01 per 1000 bytes)
if coinbase_size > 1000:
return int(ceil(coinbase_size / 1000.0) * minout)
return 0
if base_subsidy is None:
base_subsidy = net.PARENT.SUBSIDY_FUNC(block_target)
# current user payout script
this_script = share_data['script']
height, last = tracker.get_height_and_last(
share_data['previous_share_hash'])
assert height >= net.REAL_CHAIN_LENGTH or last is None
if height < net.TARGET_LOOKBEHIND:
pre_target3 = net.MAX_TARGET
else:
attempts_per_second = get_pool_attempts_per_second(
tracker,
share_data['previous_share_hash'],
net.TARGET_LOOKBEHIND,
min_work=True,
integer=True)
pre_target = 2**256 // (
net.SHARE_PERIOD *
attempts_per_second) - 1 if attempts_per_second else 2**256 - 1
pre_target2 = math.clip(pre_target,
(previous_share.max_target * 9 // 10,
previous_share.max_target * 11 // 10))
pre_target3 = math.clip(pre_target2,
(net.MIN_TARGET, net.MAX_TARGET))
max_bits = bitcoin_data.FloatingInteger.from_target_upper_bound(
pre_target3)
bits = bitcoin_data.FloatingInteger.from_target_upper_bound(
math.clip(desired_target, (pre_target3 // 10, pre_target3)))
if p2pool.DEBUG:
print
print "Share Info Bits Target (DATA)"
print bitcoin_data.target_to_difficulty(bits.target)
print
new_transaction_hashes = []
new_transaction_size = 0
transaction_hash_refs = []
other_transaction_hashes = []
past_shares = list(
tracker.get_chain(share_data['previous_share_hash'],
min(height, 100)))
tx_hash_to_this = {}
for i, share in enumerate(past_shares):
for j, tx_hash in enumerate(share.new_transaction_hashes):
if tx_hash not in tx_hash_to_this:
tx_hash_to_this[tx_hash] = [1 + i,
j] # share_count, tx_count
for tx_hash, fee in desired_other_transaction_hashes_and_fees:
if tx_hash in tx_hash_to_this:
this = tx_hash_to_this[tx_hash]
else:
if known_txs is not None:
this_size = bitcoin_data.tx_type.packed_size(
known_txs[tx_hash])
if new_transaction_size + this_size > 50000: # only allow 50 kB of new txns/share
break
new_transaction_size += this_size
new_transaction_hashes.append(tx_hash)
this = [0, len(new_transaction_hashes) - 1]
transaction_hash_refs.extend(this)
other_transaction_hashes.append(tx_hash)
included_transactions = set(other_transaction_hashes)
share_data = dict(share_data, subsidy=base_subsidy)
raw_weights, total_weight, donation_weight = tracker.get_cumulative_weights(
share_data['previous_share_hash'],
min(height, net.REAL_CHAIN_LENGTH),
65535 * net.SPREAD *
bitcoin_data.target_to_average_attempts(block_target),
)
# calculate "raw" subsidy
raw_subsidy = share_data['subsidy'] - 4 * minout - get_coinbase_fee(
share_data,
len(raw_weights) + 1)
# calculate "raw" amounts
raw_amounts = dict((script, raw_subsidy * weight // total_weight)
for script, weight in raw_weights.iteritems())
total_remowed_weight = 0
weights = {}
# iterate list and collect all weights, which produces less than 0.01 payout
# it's neccessary due to NVC/PPC protocol-level limitations for coinbase outpoint size
for x in raw_amounts.keys():
if raw_amounts[x] < minout and x not in [
this_script, DONATION_SCRIPT
]:
total_remowed_weight = total_remowed_weight + raw_weights[x]
else:
weights[x] = raw_weights[x]
total_weight = total_weight - total_remowed_weight
assert total_weight == sum(weights.itervalues()) + donation_weight, (
total_weight, sum(weights.itervalues()) + donation_weight)
# base subsidy value calculated as:
# [subsidy - (0.01 for donation + 0.01 for current user + 0.01 for p2pool outpoint) - netfee]
my_subsidy = share_data['subsidy'] - 3 * minout - get_coinbase_fee(
share_data,
len(weights) + 1)
# subsidy goes according to weights prior to this share
amounts = dict((script, my_subsidy * weight // total_weight)
for script, weight in weights.iteritems())
# all that's left over is the donation weight and some extra satoshis due to rounding
amounts[DONATION_SCRIPT] = amounts.get(
DONATION_SCRIPT, 0) + my_subsidy - sum(amounts.itervalues())
if sum(amounts.itervalues()) != my_subsidy or any(
x < 0 for x in amounts.itervalues()):
raise ValueError()
# add 0.01 coin to donation, to satisfy the protocol
amounts[DONATION_SCRIPT] = amounts[DONATION_SCRIPT] + minout
# add 0.01 to current user output, to satisfy the protocol
amounts[this_script] = amounts.get(this_script, 0) + minout
dests = sorted(
amounts.iterkeys(),
key=lambda script:
(script == DONATION_SCRIPT, amounts[script], script))[
-4000:] # block length limit, unlikely to ever be hi
share_info = dict(
share_data=share_data,
far_share_hash=None if last is None and height < 99 else
tracker.get_nth_parent_hash(share_data['previous_share_hash'], 99),
max_bits=max_bits,
bits=bits,
timestamp=desired_timestamp, # need better solution
# timestamp=math.clip(desired_timestamp, (
# (previous_share.timestamp + net.SHARE_PERIOD) - (net.SHARE_PERIOD - 1), # = previous_share.timestamp + 1
# (previous_share.timestamp + net.SHARE_PERIOD) + (net.SHARE_PERIOD - 1),
# )) if previous_share is not None else desired_timestamp,
new_transaction_hashes=new_transaction_hashes,
transaction_hash_refs=transaction_hash_refs,
)
if p2pool.DEBUG:
print
print "Desired timestamp (DATA)"
print desired_timestamp
print time.time()
print
print "Prev Share timestamp (DATA)"
print previous_share.timestamp
print time.time()
print
print "Share info timestamp (DATA)"
print share_info['timestamp']
print time.time()
print
gentx = dict(
version=1,
# coinbase timestamp must be older than share/block timestamp
# maybe there are more elegant solution, but this hack works quite well for now
timestamp=share_info['timestamp'],
tx_ins=[
dict(
previous_output=None,
sequence=None,
script=share_data['coinbase'],
)
],
tx_outs=[
dict(value=amounts[script], script=script) for script in dests
if amounts[script] or script == DONATION_SCRIPT
] + [
dict(
# add 0.01 coin to service output, to satisfy the protocol
value=minout,
script='\x24' +
cls.get_ref_hash(net, share_info, ref_merkle_link) +
pack.IntType(32).pack(last_txout_nonce),
)
],
lock_time=0,
)
def get_share(header, last_txout_nonce=last_txout_nonce):
min_header = dict(header)
del min_header['merkle_root']
share = cls(
net, None,
dict(
min_header=min_header,
share_info=share_info,
ref_merkle_link=dict(branch=[], index=0),
last_txout_nonce=last_txout_nonce,
hash_link=prefix_to_hash_link(
bitcoin_data.tx_type.pack(gentx)[:-32 - 4 - 4],
cls.gentx_before_refhash),
merkle_link=bitcoin_data.calculate_merkle_link(
[None] + other_transaction_hashes, 0),
))
assert share.header == header # checks merkle_root
return share
return share_info, gentx, other_transaction_hashes, get_share
@classmethod
def get_ref_hash(cls, net, share_info, ref_merkle_link):
return pack.IntType(256).pack(
bitcoin_data.check_merkle_link(
bitcoin_data.hash256(
cls.ref_type.pack(
dict(
identifier=net.IDENTIFIER,
share_info=share_info,
))), ref_merkle_link))
__slots__ = 'net peer_addr contents min_header share_info hash_link merkle_link hash share_data max_target target timestamp previous_hash new_script desired_version gentx_hash header pow_hash header_hash new_transaction_hashes time_seen'.split(
' ')
def __init__(self, net, peer_addr, contents):
self.net = net
self.peer_addr = peer_addr
self.contents = contents
self.min_header = contents['min_header']
self.share_info = contents['share_info']
self.hash_link = contents['hash_link']
self.merkle_link = contents['merkle_link']
if not (2 <= len(self.share_info['share_data']['coinbase']) <= 100):
raise ValueError(
'''bad coinbase size! %i bytes''' %
(len(self.share_info['share_data']['coinbase']), ))
if len(self.merkle_link['branch']) > 16:
raise ValueError('merkle branch too long!')
assert not self.hash_link['extra_data'], repr(
self.hash_link['extra_data'])
self.share_data = self.share_info['share_data']
self.max_target = self.share_info['max_bits'].target
self.target = self.share_info['bits'].target
self.timestamp = self.share_info['timestamp']
self.previous_hash = self.share_data['previous_share_hash']
self.new_script = self.share_data['script']
self.desired_version = self.share_data['desired_version']
n = set()
for share_count, tx_count in self.iter_transaction_hash_refs():
assert share_count < 110
if share_count == 0:
n.add(tx_count)
assert n == set(range(len(self.share_info['new_transaction_hashes'])))
self.gentx_hash = check_hash_link(
self.hash_link,
self.get_ref_hash(net, self.share_info,
contents['ref_merkle_link']) +
pack.IntType(32).pack(self.contents['last_txout_nonce']) +
pack.IntType(32).pack(0),
self.gentx_before_refhash,
)
merkle_root = bitcoin_data.check_merkle_link(self.gentx_hash,
self.merkle_link)
self.header = dict(self.min_header, merkle_root=merkle_root)
self.pow_hash = net.PARENT.POW_FUNC(
bitcoin_data.block_header_type.pack(self.header))
self.hash = self.header_hash = net.PARENT.BLOCKHASH_FUNC(
bitcoin_data.block_header_type.pack(self.header))
if self.target > net.MAX_TARGET:
from p2pool import p2p
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError('share target invalid')
if self.pow_hash > self.target:
from p2pool import p2p
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError('share PoW invalid')
self.new_transaction_hashes = self.share_info['new_transaction_hashes']
# XXX eww
self.time_seen = time.time()
def __repr__(self):
return 'Share' + repr((self.net, self.peer_addr, self.contents))
def as_share(self):
return dict(type=self.VERSION,
contents=self.share_type.pack(self.contents))
def iter_transaction_hash_refs(self):
return zip(self.share_info['transaction_hash_refs'][::2],
self.share_info['transaction_hash_refs'][1::2])
def check(self, tracker):
from p2pool import p2p
if self.share_data['previous_share_hash'] is not None:
previous_share = tracker.items[
self.share_data['previous_share_hash']]
if type(self) is type(previous_share):
pass
elif type(self) is type(previous_share).SUCCESSOR:
if tracker.get_height(
previous_share.hash) < self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH:
from p2pool import p2p
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError(
'switch without enough history')
# switch only valid if 85% of hashes in [self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH*9//10, self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH] for new version
counts = get_desired_version_counts(
tracker,
tracker.get_nth_parent_hash(
previous_share.hash, self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH * 9 // 10),
self.net.CHAIN_LENGTH // 10)
if counts.get(self.VERSION,
0) < sum(counts.itervalues()) * 85 // 100:
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError(
'switch without enough hash power upgraded')
else:
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError(
'''%s can't follow %s''' %
(type(self).__name__, type(previous_share).__name__))
other_tx_hashes = [
tracker.items[tracker.get_nth_parent_hash(
self.hash,
share_count)].share_info['new_transaction_hashes'][tx_count]
for share_count, tx_count in self.iter_transaction_hash_refs()
]
# print self
share_info, gentx, other_tx_hashes2, get_share = self.generate_transaction(
tracker,
self.share_info['share_data'],
self.header['bits'].target,
self.share_info['timestamp'],
self.share_info['bits'].target,
self.contents['ref_merkle_link'],
[(h, None) for h in other_tx_hashes],
self.net,
last_txout_nonce=self.contents['last_txout_nonce'],
base_subsidy=None)
assert other_tx_hashes2 == other_tx_hashes
# fixme: commented out / workaround
#if share_info != self.share_info:
# print share_info, self.share_info
# raise ValueError('share_info invalid')
#print self.share_info['share_data']
#print gentx
#print other_tx_hashes
if bitcoin_data.hash256(
bitcoin_data.tx_type.pack(gentx)) != self.gentx_hash:
raise ValueError('''gentx doesn't match hash_link''')
if bitcoin_data.calculate_merkle_link([None] + other_tx_hashes,
0) != self.merkle_link:
raise ValueError('merkle_link and other_tx_hashes do not match')
return gentx # only used by as_block
def get_other_tx_hashes(self, tracker):
parents_needed = max(
share_count
for share_count, tx_count in self.iter_transaction_hash_refs(
)) if self.share_info['transaction_hash_refs'] else 0
parents = tracker.get_height(self.hash) - 1
if parents < parents_needed:
return None
last_shares = list(tracker.get_chain(self.hash, parents_needed + 1))
return [
last_shares[share_count].share_info['new_transaction_hashes']
[tx_count]
for share_count, tx_count in self.iter_transaction_hash_refs()
]
def _get_other_txs(self, tracker, known_txs):
other_tx_hashes = self.get_other_tx_hashes(tracker)
if other_tx_hashes is None:
return None # not all parents present
if not all(tx_hash in known_txs for tx_hash in other_tx_hashes):
return None # not all txs present
return [known_txs[tx_hash] for tx_hash in other_tx_hashes]
def should_punish_reason(self, previous_block, bits, tracker, known_txs):
if (self.header['previous_block'], self.header['bits']) != (
previous_block, bits
) and self.header_hash != previous_block and self.peer_addr is not None:
return True, 'Block-stale detected!'
if self.pow_hash <= self.header['bits'].target:
return -1, 'block solution'
other_txs = self._get_other_txs(tracker, known_txs)
if other_txs is None:
if self.time_seen != 0: # ignore if loaded from ShareStore
return True, 'not all txs present'
else:
all_txs_size = sum(
bitcoin_data.tx_type.packed_size(tx) for tx in other_txs)
if all_txs_size > 1000000:
return True, 'txs over block size limit'
new_txs_size = sum(
bitcoin_data.tx_type.packed_size(known_txs[tx_hash])
for tx_hash in self.share_info['new_transaction_hashes'])
if new_txs_size > 50000:
return True, 'new txs over limit'
return False, None
def as_block(self, tracker, known_txs):
other_txs = self._get_other_txs(tracker, known_txs)
if other_txs is None:
return None # not all txs present
return dict(header=self.header,
txs=[self.check(tracker)] + other_txs,
signature='')
def write(self, file, item):
d = pack.FixedStrType(item)
return d.write(file, '\0'*item)
class Share(object):
small_block_header_type = pack.ComposedType([
('version', pack.VarIntType()), # XXX must be constrained to 32 bits
('previous_block', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('timestamp', pack.IntType(32)),
('bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('nonce', pack.IntType(32)),
])
share_data_type = pack.ComposedType([
('previous_share_hash', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('coinbase', pack.VarStrType()),
('nonce', pack.IntType(32)),
('pubkey_hash', pack.IntType(160)),
('subsidy', pack.IntType(64)),
('donation', pack.IntType(16)),
('stale_info',
pack.EnumType(
pack.IntType(8),
dict((k, {
0: None,
253: 'orphan',
254: 'doa'
}.get(k, 'unk%i' % (k, ))) for k in xrange(256)))),
('desired_version', pack.VarIntType()),
])
share_info_type = pack.ComposedType([
('share_data', share_data_type),
('far_share_hash', pack.PossiblyNoneType(0, pack.IntType(256))),
('max_bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('bits', bitcoin_data.FloatingIntegerType()),
('timestamp', pack.IntType(32)),
])
share_common_type = pack.ComposedType([
('min_header', small_block_header_type),
('share_info', share_info_type),
('ref_merkle_link',
pack.ComposedType([
('branch', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('index', pack.VarIntType()),
])),
('hash_link', hash_link_type),
])
share1a_type = pack.ComposedType([
('common', share_common_type),
(
'merkle_link',
pack.ComposedType([
('branch', pack.ListType(pack.IntType(256))),
('index', pack.IntType(0)), # it will always be 0
])),
])
share1b_type = pack.ComposedType([
('common', share_common_type),
('other_txs', pack.ListType(bitcoin_data.tx_type)),
])
ref_type = pack.ComposedType([
('identifier', pack.FixedStrType(64 // 8)),
('share_info', share_info_type),
])
gentx_before_refhash = pack.VarStrType().pack(
DONATION_SCRIPT) + pack.IntType(64).pack(0) + pack.VarStrType().pack(
'\x20' + pack.IntType(256).pack(0))[:2]
@classmethod
def generate_transaction(cls, tracker, share_data, block_target,
desired_timestamp, desired_target,
ref_merkle_link, other_transaction_hashes, net):
previous_share = tracker.items[
share_data['previous_share_hash']] if share_data[
'previous_share_hash'] is not None else None
height, last = tracker.get_height_and_last(
share_data['previous_share_hash'])
assert height >= net.REAL_CHAIN_LENGTH or last is None
if height < net.TARGET_LOOKBEHIND:
pre_target3 = net.MAX_TARGET
else:
attempts_per_second = get_pool_attempts_per_second(
tracker,
share_data['previous_share_hash'],
net.TARGET_LOOKBEHIND,
min_work=True,
integer=True)
pre_target = 2**256 // (
net.SHARE_PERIOD *
attempts_per_second) - 1 if attempts_per_second else 2**256 - 1
pre_target2 = math.clip(pre_target,
(previous_share.max_target * 9 // 10,
previous_share.max_target * 11 // 10))
pre_target3 = math.clip(pre_target2, (0, net.MAX_TARGET))
max_bits = bitcoin_data.FloatingInteger.from_target_upper_bound(
pre_target3)
bits = bitcoin_data.FloatingInteger.from_target_upper_bound(
math.clip(desired_target, (pre_target3 // 10, pre_target3)))
weights, total_weight, donation_weight = tracker.get_cumulative_weights(
share_data['previous_share_hash'],
min(height, net.REAL_CHAIN_LENGTH),
65535 * net.SPREAD *
bitcoin_data.target_to_average_attempts(block_target),
)
assert total_weight == sum(weights.itervalues()) + donation_weight, (
total_weight, sum(weights.itervalues()) + donation_weight)
amounts = dict(
(script,
share_data['subsidy'] * (199 * weight) // (200 * total_weight))
for script, weight in weights.iteritems(
)) # 99.5% goes according to weights prior to this share
this_script = bitcoin_data.pubkey_hash_to_script2(
share_data['pubkey_hash'])
amounts[this_script] = amounts.get(
this_script,
0) + share_data['subsidy'] // 200 # 0.5% goes to block finder
amounts[DONATION_SCRIPT] = amounts.get(
DONATION_SCRIPT, 0
) + share_data['subsidy'] - sum(
amounts.itervalues()
) # all that's left over is the donation weight and some extra satoshis due to rounding
if sum(amounts.itervalues()) != share_data['subsidy'] or any(
x < 0 for x in amounts.itervalues()):
raise ValueError()
dests = sorted(
amounts.iterkeys(),
key=lambda script:
(script == DONATION_SCRIPT, amounts[script], script))[
-4000:] # block length limit, unlikely to ever be hit
share_info = dict(
share_data=share_data,
far_share_hash=None if last is None and height < 99 else
tracker.get_nth_parent_hash(share_data['previous_share_hash'], 99),
max_bits=max_bits,
bits=bits,
timestamp=math.clip(
desired_timestamp,
(
(previous_share.timestamp + net.SHARE_PERIOD) -
(net.SHARE_PERIOD - 1), # = previous_share.timestamp + 1
(previous_share.timestamp + net.SHARE_PERIOD) +
(net.SHARE_PERIOD - 1),
)) if previous_share is not None else desired_timestamp,
)
gentx = dict(
version=1,
tx_ins=[
dict(
previous_output=None,
sequence=None,
script=share_data['coinbase'].ljust(2, '\x00'),
)
],
tx_outs=[
dict(value=amounts[script], script=script) for script in dests
if amounts[script] or script == DONATION_SCRIPT
] + [
dict(
value=0,
script='\x20' +
cls.get_ref_hash(net, share_info, ref_merkle_link),
)
],
lock_time=0,
)
def get_share(header, transactions):
assert transactions[0] == gentx and [
bitcoin_data.hash256(bitcoin_data.tx_type.pack(tx))
for tx in transactions[1:]
] == other_transaction_hashes
min_header = dict(header)
del min_header['merkle_root']
hash_link = prefix_to_hash_link(
bitcoin_data.tx_type.pack(gentx)[:-32 - 4],
cls.gentx_before_refhash)
merkle_link = bitcoin_data.calculate_merkle_link(
[None] + other_transaction_hashes, 0)
pow_hash = net.PARENT.POW_FUNC(
bitcoin_data.block_header_type.pack(header))
return cls(net,
None,
dict(
min_header=min_header,
share_info=share_info,
hash_link=hash_link,
ref_merkle_link=dict(branch=[], index=0),
),
merkle_link=merkle_link,
other_txs=transactions[1:]
if pow_hash <= header['bits'].target else None)
return share_info, gentx, other_transaction_hashes, get_share
@classmethod
def get_ref_hash(cls, net, share_info, ref_merkle_link):
return pack.IntType(256).pack(
bitcoin_data.check_merkle_link(
bitcoin_data.hash256(
cls.ref_type.pack(
dict(
identifier=net.IDENTIFIER,
share_info=share_info,
))), ref_merkle_link))
__slots__ = 'net peer common min_header share_info hash_link merkle_link other_txs hash share_data max_target target timestamp previous_hash new_script desired_version gentx_hash header pow_hash header_hash time_seen'.split(
' ')
def __init__(self, net, peer, common, merkle_link, other_txs):
self.net = net
self.peer = peer
self.common = common
self.min_header = common['min_header']
self.share_info = common['share_info']
self.hash_link = common['hash_link']
self.merkle_link = merkle_link
self.other_txs = other_txs
if len(self.share_info['share_data']['coinbase']) > 100:
raise ValueError(
'''coinbase too large! %i bytes''' %
(len(self.share_info['share_data']['coinbase']), ))
if len(merkle_link['branch']) > 16:
raise ValueError('merkle branch too long!')
if p2pool.DEBUG and other_txs is not None and bitcoin_data.calculate_merkle_link(
[0] + [
bitcoin_data.hash256(bitcoin_data.tx_type.pack(x))
for x in other_txs
], 0) != merkle_link:
raise ValueError('merkle_link and other_txs do not match')
assert not self.hash_link['extra_data'], repr(
self.hash_link['extra_data'])
self.share_data = self.share_info['share_data']
self.max_target = self.share_info['max_bits'].target
self.target = self.share_info['bits'].target
self.timestamp = self.share_info['timestamp']
self.previous_hash = self.share_data['previous_share_hash']
self.new_script = bitcoin_data.pubkey_hash_to_script2(
self.share_data['pubkey_hash'])
self.desired_version = self.share_data['desired_version']
self.gentx_hash = check_hash_link(
self.hash_link,
self.get_ref_hash(net, self.share_info, common['ref_merkle_link'])
+ pack.IntType(32).pack(0),
self.gentx_before_refhash,
)
merkle_root = bitcoin_data.check_merkle_link(self.gentx_hash,
merkle_link)
self.header = dict(self.min_header, merkle_root=merkle_root)
self.pow_hash = net.PARENT.POW_FUNC(
bitcoin_data.block_header_type.pack(self.header))
self.hash = self.header_hash = bitcoin_data.hash256(
bitcoin_data.block_header_type.pack(self.header))
if self.pow_hash > self.target:
from p2pool import p2p
raise p2p.PeerMisbehavingError('share PoW invalid')
if other_txs is not None and not self.pow_hash <= self.header[
'bits'].target:
raise ValueError('other_txs provided when not a block solution')
if other_txs is None and self.pow_hash <= self.header['bits'].target:
raise ValueError('other_txs not provided when a block solution')
# XXX eww
self.time_seen = time.time()
def __repr__(self):
return '<Share %s>' % (' '.join('%s=%r' % (k, getattr(self, k))
for k in self.__slots__), )
def as_share1a(self):
return dict(type=4,
contents=self.share1a_type.pack(
dict(common=self.common,
merkle_link=self.merkle_link)))
def as_share1b(self):
return dict(type=5,
contents=self.share1b_type.pack(
dict(common=self.common, other_txs=self.other_txs)))
def as_share(self):
if not self.pow_hash <= self.header['bits'].target: # share1a
return self.as_share1a()
else:
return self.as_share1b()
def check(self, tracker):
share_info, gentx, other_transaction_hashes, get_share = self.generate_transaction(
tracker, self.share_info['share_data'], self.header['bits'].target,
self.share_info['timestamp'], self.share_info['bits'].target,
self.common['ref_merkle_link'], [], self.net
) # ok because other_transaction_hashes is only used in get_share
if share_info != self.share_info:
raise ValueError('share_info invalid')
if bitcoin_data.hash256(
bitcoin_data.tx_type.pack(gentx)) != self.gentx_hash:
raise ValueError('''gentx doesn't match hash_link''')
return gentx # only used by as_block
def as_block(self, tracker):
if self.other_txs is None:
raise ValueError('share does not contain all txs')
return dict(header=self.header,
txs=[self.check(tracker)] + self.other_txs)