def test_stateful_transform():
data_train = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y")
data_train['x1'][:] = 1
# mean of x1 is 1
data_test = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y")
data_test['x1'][:] = 0
# center x1
est = PatsyTransformer("center(x1) + x2")
est.fit(data_train)
data_trans = est.transform(data_test)
# make sure that mean of training, not test data was removed
assert_array_equal(data_trans[:, 0], -1)
def test_stateful_transform():
data_train = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y")
data_train['x1'][:] = 1
# mean of x1 is 1
data_test = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y")
data_test['x1'][:] = 0
# center x1
est = PatsyTransformer("center(x1) + x2")
est.fit(data_train)
data_trans = est.transform(data_test)
# make sure that mean of training, not test data was removed
assert_array_equal(data_trans[:, 0], -1)
def test_proflogit_with_patsy_demo_data_no_intercept(self):
"""
Test on simple demo data from patsy w/o intercept.
"""
# demo_data: returns a dict
# categorical variables are returned as a list of strings.
# Numerical data sampled from a normal distribution (fixed seed)
rng = np.random.RandomState(42)
data = patsy.demo_data("a", "b", "x1", "x2", nlevels=3)
y = rng.randint(2, size=len(data["a"]))
# dmatrix: to create the design matrix alone (no left-hand side)
X = patsy.dmatrix("a + b + x1 + x2 - 1", data)
pfl = ProfLogitCCP(
rga_kws={
"niter": 10,
"disp": False,
"random_state": 42
},
intercept=False,
)
pfl.fit(X, y)
npt.assert_array_almost_equal(
pfl.rga.res.x,
[0.27466536, 0.0, -0.24030505, 0.0, 0.0, -0.82215168, 0.0],
)
self.assertAlmostEqual(pfl.rga.res.fun, 12.310732234783764)
empc_score = pfl.score(X, y)
self.assertAlmostEqual(empc_score, 12.4444444445)
def test_proflogit_with_patsy_build_in_transformation_functions(self):
"""Test patsy build-in transformation functions."""
# demo_data: returns a dict
# Categorical variables are returned as a list of strings.
# Numerical data sampled from a normal distribution (fixed seed)
rng = np.random.RandomState(42)
data = patsy.demo_data("a", "b", "x1", "x2", nlevels=3)
y = rng.randint(2, size=len(data["a"]))
# dmatrix: to create the design matrix alone (no left-hand side)
# Important that `data` can be indexed like a Python dictionary,
# e.g., `data[varname]`. It can also be a pandas.DataFrame
# Strings and booleans are treated as categorical variables, where
# the first level is the baseline.
X = patsy.dmatrix(
"a + b + standardize(x1) + standardize(x2)",
data,
)
pfl = ProfLogitCCP(rga_kws={
"niter": 10,
"disp": False,
"random_state": 42
}, )
pfl.fit(X, y)
npt.assert_array_almost_equal(
pfl.rga.res.x,
[0.71321495, 0.0, -0.6815996, 0.0, 0.0, -0.92505635, 0.0],
)
self.assertAlmostEqual(pfl.rga.res.fun, 12.2837788495)
empc_score = pfl.score(X, y)
self.assertAlmostEqual(empc_score, 12.4444444445)
def test_error_on_y_transform():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
est = PatsyTransformer("y ~ x1 + x2")
msg = ("encountered outcome variables for a model"
" that does not expect them")
assert_raise_message(patsy.PatsyError, msg, est.fit, data)
assert_raise_message(patsy.PatsyError, msg, est.fit_transform, data)
def test_error_on_y_transform():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
est = PatsyTransformer("y ~ x1 + x2")
msg = ("encountered outcome variables for a model"
" that does not expect them")
assert_raise_message(patsy.PatsyError, msg, est.fit, data)
assert_raise_message(patsy.PatsyError, msg, est.fit_transform, data)
def test_proflogit_with_patsy_demo_data(self):
"""Test on simple categorical/numerical demo data from patsy."""
# demo_data: returns a dict
# Categorical variables are returned as a list of strings.
# Numerical data sampled from a normal distribution (fixed seed)
rng = np.random.RandomState(42)
data = patsy.demo_data("a", "b", "x1", "x2", nlevels=3)
y = rng.randint(2, size=len(data["a"]))
# dmatrix: to create the design matrix alone (no left-hand side)
# Important that `data` can be indexed like a Python dictionary,
# e.g., `data[varname]`. It can also be a pandas.DataFrame
X = patsy.dmatrix("a + b + x1 + x2", data)
pfl = ProfLogitCCP(rga_kws={
"niter": 10,
"disp": False,
"random_state": 42
}, )
pfl.fit(X, y)
npt.assert_array_almost_equal(
pfl.rga.res.x,
[
0.26843982, # Intercept
0.0, # Categorical variable 'a' - level a2
-0.21947001, # Categorical variable 'a' - level a3
0.12036944, # Categorical variable 'b' - level b2
0.0, # Categorical variable 'b' - level b3
-0.47514314, # Numeric variable 'x1'
-0.08812723, # Numeric variable 'x2'
],
)
self.assertAlmostEqual(pfl.rga.res.fun, 12.3541334628)
empc_score = pfl.score(X, y)
self.assertAlmostEqual(empc_score, 12.4444444445)
def test_stateful_transform_dataframe():
data_train = pd.DataFrame(patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y"))
data_train['x1'][:] = 1
# mean of x1 is 1
data_test = pd.DataFrame(patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y"))
data_test['x1'][:] = 0
# center x1
est = PatsyTransformer("center(x1) + x2", return_type='dataframe')
est.fit(data_train)
data_trans = est.transform(data_test)
# make sure result is pandas dataframe
assert type(data_trans) is pd.DataFrame
# make sure that mean of training, not test data was removed
assert_array_equal(data_trans['center(x1)'][:], -1)
def test_stateful_model():
data_train = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y")
data_train['x1'][:] = 1
# mean of x1 is 1
data_test = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y")
data_test['x1'][:] = 0
# center x1
est = PatsyModel(CheckingClassifier(), "y ~ center(x1) + x2")
est.fit(data_train)
def check_centering(X):
return np.all(X[:, 0] == -1)
est.estimator_.check_X = check_centering
# make sure that mean of training, not test data was removed
est.predict(data_test)
def test_stateful_transform_dataframe():
data_train = pd.DataFrame(patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y"))
data_train['x1'][:] = 1
# mean of x1 is 1
data_test = pd.DataFrame(patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y"))
data_test['x1'][:] = 0
# center x1
est = PatsyTransformer("center(x1) + x2", return_type='dataframe')
est.fit(data_train)
data_trans = est.transform(data_test)
# make sure result is pandas dataframe
assert type(data_trans) is pd.DataFrame
# make sure that mean of training, not test data was removed
assert_array_equal(data_trans['center(x1)'][:],-1)
def test_stateful_model():
data_train = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y")
data_train['x1'][:] = 1
# mean of x1 is 1
data_test = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "y")
data_test['x1'][:] = 0
# center x1
est = PatsyModel(CheckingClassifier(), "y ~ center(x1) + x2")
est.fit(data_train)
def check_centering(X):
return np.all(X[:, 0] == -1)
est.estimator_.check_X = check_centering
# make sure that mean of training, not test data was removed
est.predict(data_test)
def test_intercept_transformer():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
# check wether X contains only the two features, no intercept
est = PatsyTransformer("x1 + x2")
est.fit(data)
assert_equal(est.transform(data).shape[1], 2)
# check wether X does contain intercept
est = PatsyTransformer("x1 + x2", add_intercept=True)
est.fit(data)
data_transformed = est.transform(data)
assert_array_equal(data_transformed[:, 0], 1)
assert_equal(est.transform(data).shape[1], 3)
def test_intercept_transformer():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
# check wether X contains only the two features, no intercept
est = PatsyTransformer("x1 + x2")
est.fit(data)
assert_equal(est.transform(data).shape[1], 2)
# check wether X does contain intercept
est = PatsyTransformer("x1 + x2", add_intercept=True)
est.fit(data)
data_transformed = est.transform(data)
assert_array_equal(data_transformed[:, 0], 1)
assert_equal(est.transform(data).shape[1], 3)
def test_scope_model():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
def myfunc(x):
tmp = np.ones_like(x)
tmp.fill(42)
return tmp
def check_X(X):
return np.all(X[:, 1] == 42)
# checking classifier raises error if check_X doesn't return true.
# this checks that myfunc was actually applied
est = PatsyModel(CheckingClassifier(check_X=check_X), "y ~ x1 + myfunc(x2)")
est.fit(data)
def test_scope_transformer():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
def myfunc(x):
tmp = np.ones_like(x)
tmp.fill(42)
return tmp
est = PatsyTransformer("x1 + myfunc(x2)")
est.fit(data)
data_trans = est.transform(data)
assert_array_equal(data_trans[:, 1], 42)
est = PatsyTransformer("x1 + myfunc(x2)")
data_trans = est.fit_transform(data)
assert_array_equal(data_trans[:, 1], 42)
def test_scope_transformer():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
def myfunc(x):
tmp = np.ones_like(x)
tmp.fill(42)
return tmp
est = PatsyTransformer("x1 + myfunc(x2)")
est.fit(data)
data_trans = est.transform(data)
assert_array_equal(data_trans[:, 1], 42)
est = PatsyTransformer("x1 + myfunc(x2)")
data_trans = est.fit_transform(data)
assert_array_equal(data_trans[:, 1], 42)
# test feature names
assert_equal(est.feature_names_, ["x1", "myfunc(x2)"])
def test_scope_model():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
def myfunc(x):
tmp = np.ones_like(x)
tmp.fill(42)
return tmp
def check_X(X):
return np.all(X[:, 1] == 42)
# checking classifier raises error if check_X doesn't return true.
# this checks that myfunc was actually applied
est = PatsyModel(CheckingClassifier(check_X=check_X),
"y ~ x1 + myfunc(x2)")
est.fit(data)
# test feature names
assert_equal(est.feature_names_, ["x1", "myfunc(x2)"])
def test_intercept_model():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
def check_X_no_intercept(X):
return X.shape[1] == 2
# check wether X contains only the two features, no intercept
est = PatsyModel(CheckingClassifier(check_X=check_X_no_intercept), "y ~ x1 + x2")
est.fit(data)
# predict checks applying to new data
est.predict(data)
def check_X_intercept(X):
shape_correct = X.shape[1] == 3
first_is_intercept = np.all(X[:, 0] == 1)
return shape_correct and first_is_intercept
# check wether X does contain intercept
est = PatsyModel(CheckingClassifier(check_X=check_X_intercept), "y ~ x1 + x2", add_intercept=True)
est.fit(data)
est.predict(data)
def test_intercept_model():
data = patsy.demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "y")
def check_X_no_intercept(X):
return X.shape[1] == 2
# check wether X contains only the two features, no intercept
est = PatsyModel(CheckingClassifier(check_X=check_X_no_intercept),
"y ~ x1 + x2")
est.fit(data)
# predict checks applying to new data
est.predict(data)
def check_X_intercept(X):
shape_correct = X.shape[1] == 3
first_is_intercept = np.all(X[:, 0] == 1)
return shape_correct and first_is_intercept
# check wether X does contain intercept
est = PatsyModel(CheckingClassifier(check_X=check_X_intercept),
"y ~ x1 + x2",
add_intercept=True)
est.fit(data)
est.predict(data)
def ser_types(ser):
res = list(set(ser.apply(lambda x: str(type(x)))))
return res
def df_coltypes(df):
panda_types = pd.DataFrame(df.dtypes, columns=["PandaType"])
python_types = pd.DataFrame(df.apply(ser_types), columns=["PythonTypes"])
res = pd.merge(panda_types,
python_types,
how="outer",
left_index=True,
right_index=True)
return res
data = patsy.demo_data('city',
'state',
'population',
'xLocation',
'yLatitude',
min_rows=100)
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
x = df_coltypes(df)
dir = os.path.expanduser("~")
fpath = os.path.join(dir, "sample.csv")
df.to_csv(fpath)
print("done")
pass
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from patsy import demo_data
from LM import LM
import numpy as np
data = demo_data("x", "y", "a")
print(data["x"])
# Old and boring approach (but it still works):
X = np.column_stack(([1] * len(data["y"]), data["x"]))
print(X)
print(LM((data["y"], X)))
m = LM("y ~ x", data)
print(m)
print(m.loglik(data))
print(m.loglik({"x": [10, 20, 30], "y": [-1, -2, -3]}))
# Your users get support for categorical predictors for free:
print(LM("y ~ a", data))
print(LM("y ~ np.log(x ** 2)", data))
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
from patsy import dmatrices, dmatrix, demo_data
data = demo_data('a', 'b', 'x1', 'x2', 'y', 'z column')
print(f'data:\n{data}')
y, X = dmatrices("y ~ x1 + x2", data)
print(f'y={y}')
print(f"X={X}")
import argparse
import patsy
import pandas as pd
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--columns')
parser.add_argument('--data')
args = parser.parse_args()
with open(args.columns, 'r') as file:
columns = file.read().split()
data = patsy.demo_data(*columns)
pd.DataFrame(data).to_feather(args.data)
from patsy import dmatrix, demo_data
# demo of how patsy handles categorical variables
# Patsy notation is described here
#http://statsmode#ls.sourceforge.net/devel/example_formulas.html
#http://patsy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/categorical-coding.html
data = demo_data("a", nlevels=3)
dmatrix("a", data)
'''
DesignMatrix with shape (6, 3)
Intercept a[T.a2] a[T.a3]
1 0 0
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
1 1 0
1 0 1
Terms:
'Intercept' (column 0)
'a' (columns 1:3)
'''
data = demo_data("a", nlevels=3)
dmatrix("a-1", data)
'''
DesignMatrix with shape (6, 3)
a[a1] a[a2] a[a3]
1 0 0
0 1 0
print(ModelDesc.from_formula("y ~ x + x + x").describe())
print(ModelDesc.from_formula("y ~ -1 + x").describe())
print(ModelDesc.from_formula("~ -1").describe())
print(ModelDesc.from_formula("y ~ a:b").describe())
print(ModelDesc.from_formula("y ~ a*b").describe())
print(ModelDesc.from_formula("y ~ (a + b + c + d) ** 2").describe())
print(ModelDesc.from_formula("y ~ (a + b)/(c + d)").describe())
print(
ModelDesc.from_formula("np.log(x1 + x2) "
"+ (x + {6: x3, 8 + 1: x4}[3 * i])").describe())
#Sometimes it might be easier to read if you put the processed formula back into formula notation using ModelDesc.describe():
desc = ModelDesc.from_formula("y ~ (a + b + c + d) ** 2")
print(desc.describe())
data = demo_data("a", "b", "x1", "x2")
mat = dmatrix("x1:x2 + a:b + b + x1:a:b + a + x2:a:x1", data)
print(mat.design_info.term_names)
data = demo_data("a", "b", "y")
mat1 = dmatrices("y ~ 0 + a:b", data)[1]
mat2 = dmatrices("y ~ 1 + a + b + a:b", data)[1]
np.linalg.matrix_rank(mat1)
print(np.linalg.matrix_rank(mat2))
print(np.linalg.matrix_rank(np.column_stack((mat1, mat2))))
print(mat1)
print(mat2)
def generate_count_matrix(
n_factors=1,
n_replicates=4,
n_features=1000,
intercept_mean=4,
intercept_std=2,
coefficient_stds=0.4,
size_factors=None,
size_factors_std=0.1,
dispersion_function=None,
):
"""
Generate count matrix for groups of samples by sampling from a
negative binomial distribution.
"""
import patsy
if isinstance(coefficient_stds, (int, float)):
coefficient_stds = [coefficient_stds] * n_factors
if dispersion_function is None:
dispersion_function = _disp
# Build sample vs factors table
dcat = pd.DataFrame(
patsy.demo_data(*(list(string.ascii_lowercase[:n_factors]))))
dcat.columns = dcat.columns.str.upper()
for col in dcat.columns:
dcat[col] = dcat[col].str.upper()
if n_replicates > 1:
dcat = (pd.concat([
dcat for _ in range(int(np.ceil(n_replicates / 2)))
]).sort_values(dcat.columns.tolist()).reset_index(drop=True))
dcat.index = [
"S{}_{}".format(str(i + 1).zfill(2), dcat.loc[i, :].sum())
for i in dcat.index
]
m_samples = dcat.shape[0]
# make model design table
design = np.asarray(
patsy.dmatrix(
"~ 1 + " + " + ".join(string.ascii_uppercase[:n_factors]), dcat))
# get means
beta = np.asarray(
[np.random.normal(intercept_mean, intercept_std, n_features)] +
[np.random.normal(0, std, n_features) for std in coefficient_stds]).T
if size_factors is None:
size_factors = np.random.normal(1, size_factors_std, (m_samples, 1))
mean = (2**(design @ beta.T) * size_factors).T
# now sample counts
dispersion = (1 / dispersion_function(2**(beta[:, 1:]))).mean(1).reshape(
-1, 1)
dnum = pd.DataFrame(np.random.negative_binomial(n=mean,
p=dispersion,
size=mean.shape),
columns=dcat.index)
dcat.index.name = dnum.columns.name = "sample_name"
return dnum, dcat
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import patsy
from patsy import dmatrices, dmatrix, demo_data
data = demo_data("a", "b", "x1", "x2", "y", "z column")
print(data)
matrix = dmatrices("y ~ x1 + x2", data)
print(matrix)
outcome, predictors = dmatrices("y ~ x1 + x2", data)
print(outcome)
print(predictors)
betas = np.linalg.lstsq(predictors, outcome, rcond=None)[0].ravel()
print(betas)
for name, beta in zip(predictors.design_info.column_names, betas):
print(f"{name}: {beta}")
d = dmatrix("x1 + x2", data)
print(d)
d = dmatrix("x1 + x2 - 1", data)
print(d)
d = dmatrix("x1 + np.log(x2 + 10)", data)
print(d)
new_x2 = data["x2"] * 100
d = dmatrix("new_x2")
print(d)
imputer_age = SimpleImputer(strategy="median")
titanic["age"] = imputer_embark_town.fit_transform(titanic[["age"]])
msno.matrix(titanic)
plt.show()
print("==========================")
# Pasty 패키지
# 이번에는 pasty 패키지를 사용하여 데이터 프레임에서 원하는 데이터만 선택하거나
# 새로운 데이터를 조합 생성하는 방법을 살펴본다. 설명을 위해 PASTY 패키지가 제공하는 demo_data() 함수로
# 다음과 같은 예제 데이터프레임을 만들자
# demo_data() 함수는 x로 시작하는 변수에 대해 임의의 실수 데이터를 생성한다.
from patsy import demo_data
df = pd.DataFrame(demo_data("x1", "x2", "x3", "x4", "x5"))
df
from patsy import dmatrix
dmatrix("x1+0", data=df)
dmatrix("x1 + x2 + x3 + 0", data=df)
# 'dmatrix()'함수는 변수를 어떤 함수에 넣어서 다른 값으로 만드는 수학변환(트랜스폼)도 가능하다.
dmatrix("x1 + np.log(np.abs(x2))", df)
def ten_times(x):
return 10 * x
