class TargetPractice:
"""A class to manage all the assets and the game behavior """
def __init__(self):
"""Initialize the game and create game ressources """
pygame.init()
self.settings = Settings()
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
(self.settings.screen_width,self.settings.screen_height))
pygame.display.set_caption("J'y-rens Target Shoot 1.0")
#Set the clock and time click
self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
self.dt = 0
# create an instance of the game stats class
self.stats = GameStats(self)
#Create an instance of the scoreboard class
self.sb = Scoreboard(self)
# Create an instance of the class ship
self.ship = Ship(self)
#create a list of bullets that hit the rectangle
self.bullets_hit_rectangle = []
# create an instance of the class rectangle
self.rectangle = Rectangle(self)
# create an instance of the group bullets
self.bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
# create an instance of the button
self.play_button= Button(self,"Play")
# create an instance of the pause Button
self.pause_button = Pause(self,"Pause")
def run_game(self):
"""Start the main loop of the game """
while True :
# watch for keyboard events
self._check_events()
if self.stats.game_active:
# start the timer on the screen
self.start_timer()
#update the ship position
self.ship.update()
# update the position of the bullet
self._update_bullets()
#update the rectangle
self._update_rectangle()
# Update aliens
self._update_screen()
def _check_events(self):
"""Respond to keyboard events """
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
# store the highest score before quiting
self.write_high_score_to_folder()
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
self._check_keydown_events(event)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
self._check_keyup_events(event)
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
self._check_play_button(mouse_pos)
self._check_pause_button(mouse_pos)
def _check_pause_button(self, mouse_pos):
"""Lock the game when the player cliks the pause button """
button_clicked = self.pause_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
if button_clicked and self.stats.game_active:
# pause the game .
self.stats.game_active = False
def _check_play_button(self, mouse_pos):
"""Check the play button """
button_clicked = self.play_button.button_rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
if button_clicked and not self.stats.game_active:
# Reset the game settings
self.settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()
# starts the game when the player clicks play and the game is inactive
if self.stats.chances_left == 0 and self.sb.time == 0 or self.stats.score == 0:
# Restart the game when the time is 0 seconds
# and all the chances are gone
self._start_game()
self.stats.game_active = True
self.sb.prep_score()
self.sb.prep_level()
self.sb.prep_timer()
self.sb.prep_chances_left()
def start_timer(self):
"""Start the timer when the game starts """
self.stats.timer -= self.dt
if self.stats.timer <= 0 :
sleep(1)
self.stats.resets_timer()
self.sb.prep_timer()
self.dt = self.clock.tick(200) / 1000 # / 1000 to convert to seconds.
def _start_game(self):
"""Start the game """
# set the game to active state
self.stats.game_active = True
# reset the stats
self.stats.reset_stats()
# set the timer back to zero
self.stats.resets_timer()
# Empty the bullets
self.bullets.empty()
# center the ship and the rectangle
self.rectangle.center_rectangle()
self.ship.center_ship()
def _check_keydown_events(self,event):
"""Respond to keydown events """
if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
self.ship.moving_up = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
self.ship.moving_down = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_q:
self.write_high_score_to_folder()
sys.exit()
elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
self._fire_bullets()
elif event.key == pygame.K_p or pygame.K_KP_ENTER:
if not self.stats.game_active:
self._start_game()
def write_high_score_to_folder(self):
"""write High score to folder"""
with open(self.stats.filename, 'w') as f:
json.dump(self.stats.high_score, f)
def _fire_bullets(self):
"""Draws bullet on the screen """
if len(self.bullets) <= self.settings.bullets_allowed:
new_bullet = Bullet(self)
self.bullets.add(new_bullet)
se.bullet_sound.play()
def _update_bullets(self):
"""Update the position of the bullets """
self.bullets.update()
for bullet in self.bullets.copy():
if bullet.rect.x >= self.settings.screen_width:
self.bullets.remove(bullet)
# check bullets and rectangle collisions and update bullets
self._check_bullet_rectangle_collision()
def _check_bullet_rectangle_collision(self):
"""Respond to bullets and rectangle collision """
bullet = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany( self.rectangle ,self.bullets)
if bullet and self.stats.timer > 0:
self.bullets_hit_rectangle.append(bullet)
self.stats.score += self.settings.rectangle_points
self.sb.prep_score()
self.sb.check_high_score()
# detect that the rectangle has been hit
# and start a new level
self._rectangle_hit()
self.start_new_level()
elif self.sb.time == 0 and not self.bullets_hit_rectangle :
self._rectangle_not_hit()
def start_new_level(self):
"""Start a new level if the rectangle has been hit """
self.settings.increase_speed()
self.sb.prep_level()
def _check_keyup_events(self,event):
"""Respond to keyup events """
if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
self.ship.moving_up = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
self.ship.moving_down = False
def _change_movement_direction(self):
"""change the movememnt direction of the rectangle """
self.settings.movement_direction *= -1
def _check_rectangle_edges(self):
"""check rectangle edges and change the movement direction """
if self.rectangle.check_edges():
self._change_movement_direction()
def _update_rectangle(self):
"""Update rectangle position before"""
self._check_rectangle_edges()
self.rectangle.update()
def _rectangle_not_hit(self):
"""Respond when the rectangle has not been hit and the timer has reached 0 """
if self.stats.chances_left > 0:
#Decrement the number of chances
self.stats.chances_left -=1
self.sb.prep_chances_left()
se.miss_sound.play()
self.bullets.empty()
# Center the rectangle
self.rectangle.center_rectangle()
# resets timer to its initial value
self.stats.resets_timer()
sleep(0.5)
else:
self.end_of_game()
def _rectangle_hit(self):
"""Respond when the rectangle is hit """
if self.stats.chances_left >= 0:
# Empty the bullets_hit_rectangle list
self.bullets_hit_rectangle = []
#Increment the level and empty the bullets
self.stats.level +=1
se.level_increase_sound.play()
self.bullets.empty()
# resets the bullets to its orginal 15 seconds
self.stats.resets_timer()
# center the rectangle
self.rectangle.center_rectangle()
sleep(1)
else:
self.end_of_game()
def end_of_game(self):
"""Play end of game sound """
sleep(2)
se.end_of_game_sound.play()
self.stats.game_active = False
def _update_screen(self):
"""Update the screen anytime an item position is modified on the screen """
self.screen.fill(self.settings.bg_color)
#Draw the ship of the screen
self.ship.blitme()
#Draw the rectangle to the screen
self.rectangle.draw_rectangle()
# Draw bullets on the screen
for bullet in self.bullets.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet()
#Draw the score button
self.sb.show_score()
#Draw the play button if the game is not active
if not self.stats.game_active:
self.play_button.draw_button()
else:
self.pause_button.draw_button()
pygame.display.flip()
class AlienInvasion:
"""Overall class to manage game assets and behavior."""
def __init__(self):
"""Initialize the game, and create game resources """
pygame.init()
self.settings = Settings()
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
(self.settings.screen_width, self.settings.screen_height))
#self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((0, 0), pygame.FULLSCREEN)
#self.settings.screen_width = self.screen.get_rect().width
#self.settings.screen_height = self.screen.get_rect().height
self.caption = "J'y-rens Alien Invasion 1.0"
pygame.display.set_caption(self.caption)
#Create an instance to store game statistics.
# and create a scoreboar.
self.stats = GameStats(self)
self.sb = Scoreboard(self)
self.ship = Ship(self)
#bullet groups
self.bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
#Alien Groups
self.aliens = pygame.sprite.Group()
# create fleet of aliens
self._create_fleet()
#Make the Play Button.
self.play_button = Button(self, "Play")
self.pause_button = Pause(self, "Pause")
def run_game(self):
"""Start the main loop for the game."""
while True:
#Watch for keyboard and mouse events.
self._check_events()
if self.stats.game_active and self.caption == "J'y-rens Alien Invasion 1.0":
# Update the ship position
self.ship.update()
# Update bullets and get rid of old bullets
self._update_bullets()
#Update the position of each Alien
self._update_aliens()
# Redraw the screen during each pass through the loop and flip to the new screen.
self._update_screen()
def _check_events(self):
""" Respond to keypresses and mouse events """
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
self.write_high_score_to_folder()
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
self._check_keydown_events(event)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
self._check_keyup_events(event)
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
self._check_play_button(mouse_pos)
self._check_pause_button(mouse_pos)
def _check_pause_button(self, mouse_pos):
"""Lock the game when the player cliks the pause button """
button_clicked = self.pause_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
if button_clicked and self.stats.game_active:
# Reset the game settings.
self.stats.game_active = False
#self.play_button.draw_button()
def _check_play_button(self, mouse_pos):
"""Starts a new game when the player clicks Play """
button_clicked = self.play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
if button_clicked and not self.stats.game_active:
# Reset the game settings.
self.settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()
# starts the game when the player clicks play and the game is inactive
if self.stats.score == 0:
self._start_game()
self.stats.game_active = True
self.sb.prep_score()
self.sb.prep_level()
self.sb.prep_ships()
def _check_keydown_events(self, event):
""" Respond to keypresses """
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
#Move the ship to the right
self.ship.moving_right = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
#Move the ship to the left
self.ship.moving_left = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_q:
self.write_high_score_to_folder()
sys.exit()
elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
self._fire_bullet()
elif event.key == pygame.K_p or pygame.K_KP_ENTER:
if not self.stats.game_active:
self._start_game()
def write_high_score_to_folder(self):
"""write High score to folder"""
with open(self.stats.filename, 'w') as f:
json.dump(self.stats.high_score, f)
def _start_game(self):
"""Start the game when the player presses the button"""
# Reset the game statistics.
self.stats.reset_stats()
self.stats.game_active = True
# Get rid of any remaining aliens and bullets
self.aliens.empty()
self.bullets.empty()
#Create a new fleet and center the ship.
self._create_fleet()
self.ship.center_ship()
# Hide the mouse cursor.
pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
def _check_keyup_events(self, event):
""" Respond to key releases """
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
self.ship.moving_right = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
self.ship.moving_left = False
def _fire_bullet(self):
"""Create a new bullet and add it to the bullets group."""
if len(self.bullets) < self.settings.bullets_allowed:
new_bullet = Bullet(self)
self.bullets.add(new_bullet)
se.bullet_sound.play()
def _update_bullets(self):
"""Update position of bullets and get rid of old bullets """
# update the bullets
self.bullets.update()
# Get rid of old bullets that have disappeared
for bullet in self.bullets.copy():
if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:
self.bullets.remove(bullet)
# Check for any bullets that have hit aliens.
# If so , get rid of the alien and the bullet.
self._check_bullet_allien_collisions()
def _check_bullet_allien_collisions(self):
""" Respond to bullet alien collisions """
# Remove any bullets an allien that have collided
collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(self.bullets, self.aliens,
True, True)
if collisions:
for aliens in collisions.values():
self.stats.score += self.settings.alien_points * len(aliens)
self.sb.prep_score()
self.sb.check_high_score()
se.alien_sound.play()
if not self.aliens:
# Destroy existing bullets and create new fleet
self.start_new_level()
def start_new_level(self):
"""Start a new level if aliens have been destroyed """
self.bullets.empty()
self._create_fleet()
self.settings.increase_speed()
# Increase level.
self.stats.level += 1
self.sb.prep_level()
def _create_fleet(self):
""" Create fleet of Aliens """
# create an Alien and find the number of aliens in a row
# Spacing between each alien is equal to one alien width
alien = Alien(self)
alien_width = alien.rect.width
alien_height = alien.rect.height
# Determine the number columns that fit the aliens on the screen
available_space_x = self.settings.screen_width - (2 * alien_width)
number_aliens_x = available_space_x // (2 * alien_width)
# Determine the number of rows that fit the Alien on the screen
ship_height = self.ship.rect.height
available_space_y = (self.settings.screen_height - (3 * alien_height) -
ship_height)
number_rows = available_space_y // (2 * alien_height)
# create the full feet of aliens
for row_number in range(number_rows):
for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):
self._create_alien(alien_number, row_number)
def _create_alien(self, alien_number, row_number):
""" Create an Instance of an Alien """
#Create an alien and place it in the row .
alien = Alien(self)
alien_width = alien.rect.width
alien_height = alien.rect.height
alien.x = alien_width + 2 * alien_width * alien_number
alien.y = alien_height + 2 * alien_height * row_number
alien.rect.x = alien.x
alien.rect.y = alien.y
self.aliens.add(alien)
def _check_fleet_edges(self):
"""Respond Appropriatly if any aliens have reached the edge """
for alien in self.aliens.sprites():
if alien.check_edges():
self._change_fleet_direction()
break
def _change_fleet_direction(self):
"""Drop the entire fleet and change the fleet's direction """
for alien in self.aliens.sprites():
alien.rect.y += self.settings.fleet_drop_speed
self.settings.fleet_direction *= -1
def _ship_hit(self):
"""Respond to the ship being hit by an alien """
if self.stats.ships_left > 0:
se.ship_hit_sound.play()
# Decrement ships_left and update scoreboard
self.stats.ships_left -= 1
self.sb.prep_ships()
# Get rid of any remaning aliens and bullets
self.aliens.empty()
self.bullets.empty()
#Create a new fleet and center the ship
self._create_fleet()
self.ship.center_ship()
# Pause.
sleep(0.5)
else:
self.stats.game_active = False
pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
def _check_aliens_bottom(self):
"""Check if aliens have reached the bottom of the screen """
screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
for alien in self.aliens.sprites():
if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom:
# Treat it the same way as if a ship got hit
self._ship_hit()
break
def _update_aliens(self):
"""Update the positions of all aliens in the fleet """
self._check_fleet_edges()
self.aliens.update()
# Look for alien-ship collisions .
if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.ship, self.aliens):
self._ship_hit()
#Look for aliens hitting the bottom of the screen
self._check_aliens_bottom()
def _update_screen(self):
""" Update images on the screen, and flip to the new screen."""
self.screen.fill(self.settings.bg_color)
self.ship.blitme()
# Make the most recently drawn screen visible.
for bullet in self.bullets.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet()
self.aliens.draw(self.screen)
# Draw the score information
self.sb.show_score()
# Draw the play button if the game is inactive
if not self.stats.game_active:
self.play_button.draw_button()
else:
self.pause_button.draw_button()
pygame.display.flip()
