toyota = car("toyota", "mr2", "white", year=1989, vin=222930384)
print(toyota) #this import statement worked just fine, but the only
#problem is that the print() statements were imported into the session as
#well.
from pizza import make_pizza
make_pizza(16, "pepperoni")
#this function call seems to work just fine. Will need to
#keep an eye on this.
##Using as to give a function an alias:
from pizza import make_pizza as mp
mp(26, "pepperoni")
mp(12, "mushroom", "cheese", "goat cheese")
##Using as to give a module an alias:
import CCpython_ch8_exer2 as exer2
exer2.describe_city(city="new york") # Now I understand, through the
#from module import function syntax.
#The console imports the function's code base as well as all the instances
#it is called in the module.
import pizza as p
p.make_pizza(16, "mushroom", "pepperoni", "olives")
p.make_pizza(12, "cheese")
import pizza pizza.make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni') #syntax = module_name.function_name() pizza.make_pizza(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese') # This syntax will import a specific function from a module: # from module_name import function_name from pizza import make_pizza # Since the function was explicity imported, it can be called by name as usual. make_pizza(13, 'twizzlers') # This will import the function with an alias: from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(40, 'brussel sprouts') # Can also be done with modules: import pizza as p p.make_pizza(4, 'nanites') # This syntax will import all functions in a module: # Not recommended, best to import the desired function(s), or import the entire module. from pizza import * make_pizza(7, 'sausage')
from pizza import make_pizza as mp
mp(
16,
'round',
'pepperoni',
)
mp(24, 'square', 'mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')
import pizza_module
from pizza import make_pizza as mp
mp('hawaiian')
pizza_module.make_another_pizza(16, 'pepperoni')
pizza_modutoucle.make_another_pizza(12, 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')
# players = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'ddd', 'eee']
# print(players[:])
# myfood = ['aaa','bbb','ccc']
# herfood = myfood[:]
# print(herfood)
#
# myfood.append('yyy')
# herfood.append('xxx')
# print(myfood)
# print(herfood)
from pizza import make_pizza as mp
mp(32, "fanqie", "niurou")
players = ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'ddd', 'eee', 'fff']
print(f'The first three items in the list are {players[0:3]}')
print(f'The items from the middle of the list are {players[1:4]}')
print(f'The last three items of the list are {players[-3:]}')
# Import całego modułu import pizza pizza.make_pizza(40, 'pepperoni') pizza.make_pizza(30, 'pieczarki', 'zielona papryka', 'podwojny ser') # Import okreslonych funkcji z modułu from pizza import make_pizza pizza.make_pizza(24, 'grzyby', 'ser') # ponieważ w poleceniu import jest wskazana funkcja nie ma potrzeby #wywoływać nazwy modułu make_pizza(33, 'pomidory', 'kiełbasa') # Użycie słowa kluczowego "as" w celu zdefiniowania aliasu funkcji from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(30, 'pepperoni') mp(45, 'pomidor', 'cebula', 'szynka') #podobnie można zdefiniować alias modułu np. import pizza as p p.make_pizza(33, 'ogorek') # Import wszystkich funkcji modułu za pomocą "*" from pizza import * make_pizza(40, 'szynka')
# @Time : 2020/4/30 10:18 # @Author : Yao # @File : making.py # @Software: PyCharm from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(12, 'pepperoni') mp(16, 'pepperoni', 'mushroom', 'extra cheese')
from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16, 'adadd')
# import all funcitons in module from pizza import * import pizza # below is example on how to import specific function from pizza import make_pizza # With this syntax, you don’t need to use the dot notation when you call a # function. Because we’ve explicitly imported the function make_pizza() in the # import statement, we can call it by name when we use the function. from pizza import make_pizza as mp # Here we give the function make_pizza() an alias, mp(), by importing # make_pizza as mp. The as keyword renames a function using the alias you # provide: import pizza as p # You can also provide an alias for a module name. Giving a module a short # alias, like p for pizza, allows you to call the module’s functions more quickly. # Calling p.make_pizza() is more concise than calling pizza.make_pizza(): p.make_pizza(10, 'swiss') pizza.make_pizza(16, 'veggie lovers') # imported specific function example.. make_pizza(24, 'extra cheese', 'green peppers', 'onions') mp(12, 'banana peppers')
print("\n8.6.2")
from pizza import make_pizza # 导入模块中的特定函数，通用语法——from 模块 import 函数
from pizza import make_pizza, two # 用逗号分隔函数名，根据需要从模块中导入任意数量的函数
two('xigua') # 若使用这种语法，调用函数时就无需使用句点，调用函数时只需指定其名称
# 8.6.3 使用 as 给函数指定别名
# 如果要导入的函数的名称可能与程序中现有的名称冲突，或者函数的名称太长，可指定简短而独一无二的别名
# 给函数指定这种特殊外号，需要在导入它时这样做
print("\n8.6.3")
from pizza import make_pizza as mp # 指定别名，通用语法——from 模块 import 函数 as 别名
mp(16, '鲜虾披萨')
mp(31, '大披萨', '中披萨')
# 8.6.4 使用as给模块指定别名
# 还可以给模块指定别名
print("\n8.6.4")
import pizza as p # 给模块指定别名，通用语法——import 模块 as 别名
p.make_pizza(64, '爱上披萨')
# 8.6.5 导入模块中的所有函数
# 用*号运算符让python导入模块中所有函数
from pizza import * # 通用语法 from 模块 import *
from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(12, 'toppingA') mp(16, 'toppingA', 'toppingB', 'toppingC')
from pizza import make_pizza make_pizza(16,'pepperoni') make_pizza(12,'mushroom','green peppers','extra cheese') from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16,'mushroom') mp(12,'sd') import pizza as p p.make_pizza(10,'sdd') from pizza import * make_pizza(10,'sdsd')
from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(12, "sausages") mp(16, "extra-cheese", "garlic", "tomatoes")
import pizza # import the entire function pizza.make_pizza(15, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese') # import sepcific functions from pizza import make_pizza make_pizza(20, 'tuna fish', 'mushrooms', 'potato', 'tomato') # as the alias from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(25, 'tuna fish', 'potato', 'tomato') # import all functions in the module from pizza import * make_pizza(25, 'tuna fish', 'tomato', 'cheese') # tips # function names should be specified # functions should contain annotations and document strings # all imports should be at the beginning # ......
# import pizza # # pizza.make_pizza(16,'辣椒') # from pizza import make_pizza """使用这种导入方法,使用函数时不用再使用时句点调用函数了""" # # make_pizza(16,'辣椒') from pizza import make_pizza as mp """重命名函数""" mp(16,'青辣椒')
confired_users = []
while unconfired_users:
current_user = unconfired_users.pop()
print("Verifying user: "******"\nThe following users have been confirmed:")
for confired_user in confired_users:
print(confired_user.title())
pets = ['dog', 'cat', 'dog', 'rabbit']
while 'dog' in pets:
pets.remove('dog')
print(pets)
greet_user()
mp('mushroms', 'extra cheese')
input_values = [1, 2, 3, 4]
pingfang = [1, 4, 9, 16]
plt.title("pingfangshu")
# plt.plot(input_values, pingfang)
# plt.xlabel("Value")
# plt.ylabel("PingFang")
# plt.tick_params('both')
x_values = list(range(1, 1001))
y_values = [x ** 2 for x in x_values]
plt.scatter(x_values, y_values, 20, edgecolors='none', c=y_values)
plt.axis([0, 1100, 0, 1100000])
plt.savefig('pingfang.png', bbox_inches='tight')
# 导入模块pizza # module_name.dunction_name使用函数 pizza.make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni') pizza.make_pizza(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers') # 导入特定的函数：from module_name import function_name1, function_name2, ... from pizza import make_pizza make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni') make_pizza(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers') # 使用as给函数指定别名：from module_name import function_name as fn from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16, 'pepperoni') mp(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers') # 使用as给模块指定别名：import module_name as mn import pizza as p p.make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni') p.make_pizza(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers') # 使用*导入模块中所有函数:from module_name import * # 使用并非自己编写的大型模块时， 最好不要使用这种方法，Python可能遇到多个名称相同的函数，进而覆盖函数 from pizza import * make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni') make_pizza(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers')
from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(13, 'pepperino') mp(14, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')
# def make_pizza(size, *toppings):
# """Print list of toppings that have been requested, using an arbitrary number of toppings"""
# print("The " + str(size) + "-inch pizza needs:")
# for topping in toppings:
# print(" - " + topping)
# make_pizza(16,'pepperoni')
# make_pizza(20,'ham', 'pineapple','bacon')
def build_user(first, last, **user_info):
"""Build a dictionary containing user info"""
profile = {}
profile['first'] = first
profile['last'] = last
for key, value in user_info.items():
profile[key] = value
return profile
user_profile = build_user('dwight',
'schrute',
location='schrute farms',
occupation='salesman')
print(user_profile)
#Using a module that stores a function
from pizza import make_pizza as mp
mp(16, 'pepperoni')
mp(20, 'ham', 'pineapple', 'bacon')
from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16, 'pepperoni') mp(12, 'pepperoni', 'pineapple', 'asiago cheese')
from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16, 'round','pepperoni',) mp(24, 'square', 'mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')
# Importing a function from a module (.py file). Same directory. # If we use import, it imports all the functions from the module. import pizza pizza.make_pizza(12, "cheese", "pepperoni") # Declare module module_name. # We can import the function directly from the module. from pizza import make_pizza make_pizza(6, "mozzarela", "eggs") # Omit the module_name call. # Using as to give a function an alias. from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(18, "provolone", "lettuce", "pineapple") """Syntax is from module_name import function_name as fn""" # Using as to give a module an alias. import pizza as p # We use to call the module, and then the function we want. Similar to Numpy. # (import numpy as np. It imports the module numpy as np. then we choose the # function we want to use) p.make_piza(12, "apple", "raspberry") # Import all functions in a module. from pizza import * make_pizza(7, "hello")
from pizza import make_pizzas as mp
mp('large', 'mushrooms', 'bacon')
mp('small', 'green peppers', 'onions', 'chicken')
# ~ vehicle['牌子']=brand
# ~ vehicle['型号']=types
# ~ for key,value in car_info.items():
# ~ vehicle[key]=value
# ~ return vehicle
# ~ che=cars('aima','diandongche',daiyan="zhoujielun",yanse="wucaibanlan")
# ~ print(che)
#8-15实现的功能是导入8.4.1的函数
#8-16
#导入模块
import pizza
pizza.make_pizza(16,'naiyou')
#模块中导入函数
from pizza import make_pizza
make_pizza(16,'naiyou')
#模块中导入函数并修改函数名
from pizza import make_pizza as mp
mp(16,'naiyou')
#导入模块并修改模块名
import pizza as p
p.make_pizza(16,'naiyou')
#导入模块中所有函数
from pizza import *
make_pizza(16,'naiyou')
from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16, "pepperoni") mp(16, "pepperoni", "chesse", "Mushroom")
from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16, 'pepperoni') mp(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')
import pizza
pizza.fazer_pizza(13, 'massa')
#IMPORTANDO FUNÇÕES ESPECÍFICAS
#fazemos assim para importar
#from nom_do_modulo import nome_da_função_0, nome_da_função_1...
from pizza import fazer_pizza, faz_pizza
fazer_pizza(12, 'massa')
#Usando a palavra reservadas 'as' para atribuir um alias a uma função
from pizza import fazer_pizza as mp
mp(15, 'massa')
#Usando a palavra reservada 'as' para atribuir um alias a um módulo
import pizza as p
p.faz_pizza('salsicha')
#IMPORTANDO TODAS AS FUNÇÕES DE UM MÓDULO
from pizza import *
fazer_pizza(12, 'massa', 'tomate')
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- """ #导入模块方法① import pizza pizza.make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni') pizza.make_pizza(12, 'mushroom', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese') # 导入模块方法② from pizza import make_pizza make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni')""" # 使用as给函数指定别名 from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16, 'pepperoni') # 使用as给模块指定别名 import pizza as p p.make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni') # 导入模块中的所有函数 from pizza import * make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni')
# 将函数存储在模块 # 例如 from pizza import * import pizza as piz from pizza import make_pizza as mp from pizza import make_pizza import pizza pizza.make_pizza(16, 'green', 'pepperoni') # 也可以导入特定的函数 make_pizza(28, 'red', 'pepperoni') # 如果名称过长或者重名，可以使用as 方法给指定函数指定别名 mp(38, 'red', 'pepperoni') # 使用as方法给模块指定别名 piz.make_pizza(38, 'green', 'pepperoni') # 导入模块中所有函数，可以使用 from model_name import * make_pizza(28, 'red', 'pepperoni') # 函数编写指南 # first 给函数指定描述性名称 # second 每个函数应该包含简要的阐述功能的注释 # third 给形参设定默认值时，等号两边不要有空格
from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16, "pepperoni") mp(22, "mushrooms", "green peppers", "extra cheese")
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# import 行让 Python 打开 pizza.py 文件，
# 并将其中的所有函数都复制到这个程序种。
# 使用 模块名.函数名调用：
# pizza.make_pizza(12, "mushrooms")
# 还可以用 ：
# from module_name import function_name
# from module_name inport *
# 导入特定的函数。
# 通过逗号分隔函数名
# 调用时直接调用
# make_pizza(16, "popperoni")
# import pizza
# import pizza as p
from pizza import make_pizza as mp
mp(16, "popperoni")
mp(12, "mushrooms", "GREEN PEPPERS", "EXTRA CHEESE")
print("end")
#import pizza from pizza import make_pizza as mp mp(16, 'pepperoni') mp(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')
# Copyright(C) 2018 刘珅珅 # Environment: python 3.6.4 # Date: 2018.4.8 # 导入模块中指定的函数 from pizza import make_pizza from pizza import make_pizza as mp # 导入的函数指定别名 make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni') make_pizza(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers') # 通过别名调用函数 mp(15, 'green peppers')
