def generate_toolpath(self,
cutter,
models,
motion_grid,
minz=None,
maxz=None,
draw_callback=None):
path = []
quit_requested = False
model = pycam.Geometry.Model.get_combined_model(models)
# Transfer the grid (a generator) into a list of lists and count the
# items.
lines = []
# usually there is only one layer - but an xy-grid consists of two
for layer in motion_grid:
for line in layer:
lines.append(line)
num_of_lines = len(lines)
progress_counter = ProgressCounter(len(lines), draw_callback)
current_line = 0
args = []
for one_grid_line in lines:
# simplify the data (useful for remote processing)
xy_coords = [(pos[0], pos[1]) for pos in one_grid_line]
args.append((xy_coords, minz, maxz, model, cutter))
for points in run_in_parallel(_process_one_grid_line,
args,
callback=progress_counter.update):
if draw_callback and draw_callback(
text="DropCutter: processing line %d/%d" %
(current_line + 1, num_of_lines)):
# cancel requested
quit_requested = True
break
for point in points:
if point is None:
# exceeded maxz - the cutter has to skip this point
path.append(MoveSafety())
else:
path.append(MoveStraight(point))
# The progress counter may return True, if cancel was requested.
if draw_callback and draw_callback(tool_position=point,
toolpath=path):
quit_requested = True
break
# add a move to safety height after each line of moves
path.append(MoveSafety())
progress_counter.increment()
# update progress
current_line += 1
if quit_requested:
break
return path
def GenerateToolPath(self, cutter, models, motion_grid, minz=None, maxz=None, draw_callback=None):
quit_requested = False
model = pycam.Geometry.Model.get_combined_model(models)
# Transfer the grid (a generator) into a list of lists and count the
# items.
lines = []
# usually there is only one layer - but an xy-grid consists of two
for layer in motion_grid:
for line in layer:
lines.append(line)
num_of_lines = len(lines)
progress_counter = ProgressCounter(len(lines), draw_callback)
current_line = 0
self.pa.new_direction(0)
args = []
for one_grid_line in lines:
# simplify the data (useful for remote processing)
xy_coords = [(pos.x, pos.y) for pos in one_grid_line]
args.append((xy_coords, minz, maxz, model, cutter,
self.physics))
for points in run_in_parallel(_process_one_grid_line, args,
callback=progress_counter.update):
self.pa.new_scanline()
if draw_callback and draw_callback(text="DropCutter: processing " \
+ "line %d/%d" % (current_line + 1, num_of_lines)):
# cancel requested
quit_requested = True
break
for point in points:
if point is None:
# exceeded maxz - the cutter has to skip this point
self.pa.end_scanline()
self.pa.new_scanline()
continue
self.pa.append(point)
# "draw_callback" returns true, if the user requested to quit
# via the GUI.
# The progress counter may return True, if cancel was requested.
if draw_callback and draw_callback(tool_position=point,
toolpath=self.pa.paths):
quit_requested = True
break
progress_counter.increment()
self.pa.end_scanline()
# update progress
current_line += 1
if quit_requested:
break
self.pa.end_direction()
self.pa.finish()
return self.pa.paths
def GenerateToolPath(self, cutter, models, motion_grid, minz=None, maxz=None, draw_callback=None):
path = []
quit_requested = False
model = pycam.Geometry.Model.get_combined_model(models)
# Transfer the grid (a generator) into a list of lists and count the
# items.
lines = []
# usually there is only one layer - but an xy-grid consists of two
for layer in motion_grid:
for line in layer:
lines.append(line)
num_of_lines = len(lines)
progress_counter = ProgressCounter(len(lines), draw_callback)
current_line = 0
args = []
for one_grid_line in lines:
# simplify the data (useful for remote processing)
xy_coords = [(pos[0], pos[1]) for pos in one_grid_line]
args.append((xy_coords, minz, maxz, model, cutter,
self.physics))
for points in run_in_parallel(_process_one_grid_line, args,
callback=progress_counter.update):
if draw_callback and draw_callback(text="DropCutter: processing " \
+ "line %d/%d" % (current_line + 1, num_of_lines)):
# cancel requested
quit_requested = True
break
for point in points:
if point is None:
# exceeded maxz - the cutter has to skip this point
path.append((MOVE_SAFETY, None))
else:
path.append((MOVE_STRAIGHT, point))
# The progress counter may return True, if cancel was requested.
if draw_callback and draw_callback(tool_position=point,
toolpath=path):
quit_requested = True
break
# add a move to safety height after each line of moves
path.append((MOVE_SAFETY, None))
progress_counter.increment()
# update progress
current_line += 1
if quit_requested:
break
return path
def GenerateToolPath(self, motion_grid, draw_callback=None):
# calculate the number of steps
# Transfer the grid (a generator) into a list of lists and count the
# items.
grid = []
num_of_grid_positions = 0
for layer in motion_grid:
lines = []
for line in layer:
# convert the generator to a list
lines.append(list(line))
num_of_grid_positions += len(lines)
grid.append(lines)
num_of_layers = len(grid)
progress_counter = ProgressCounter(num_of_grid_positions,
draw_callback)
current_layer = 0
for layer_grid in grid:
# update the progress bar and check, if we should cancel the process
if draw_callback and draw_callback(text="PushCutter: processing" \
+ " layer %d/%d" % (current_layer + 1, num_of_layers)):
# cancel immediately
break
self.pa.new_direction(0)
self.GenerateToolPathSlice(layer_grid, draw_callback,
progress_counter)
self.pa.end_direction()
self.pa.finish()
current_layer += 1
if self._use_polygon_extractor and (len(self.models) > 1):
other_models = self.models[1:]
# TODO: this is complicated and hacky :(
# we don't use parallelism or ODE (for the sake of simplicity)
final_pa = pycam.PathProcessors.SimpleCutter.SimpleCutter(
reverse=self.pa.reverse)
for path in self.pa.paths:
final_pa.new_scanline()
pairs = []
for index in range(len(path.points) - 1):
pairs.append((path.points[index], path.points[index + 1]))
for p1, p2 in pairs:
free_points = get_free_paths_triangles(
other_models, self.cutter, p1, p2)
for point in free_points:
final_pa.append(point)
final_pa.end_scanline()
final_pa.finish()
return final_pa.paths
else:
return self.pa.paths
def generate_toolpath(self,
cutter,
models,
minx,
maxx,
miny,
maxy,
minz,
maxz,
dz,
draw_callback=None):
# reset the list of processed triangles
self._processed_triangles = []
# calculate the number of steps
# Sometimes there is a floating point accuracy issue: make sure
# that only one layer is drawn, if maxz and minz are almost the same.
if abs(maxz - minz) < epsilon:
diff_z = 0
else:
diff_z = abs(maxz - minz)
num_of_layers = 1 + ceil(diff_z / dz)
z_step = diff_z / max(1, (num_of_layers - 1))
# only the first model is used for the contour-follow algorithm
# TODO: should we combine all models?
num_of_triangles = len(models[0].triangles(minx=minx,
miny=miny,
maxx=maxx,
maxy=maxy))
progress_counter = ProgressCounter(
2 * num_of_layers * num_of_triangles, draw_callback)
current_layer = 0
z_steps = [(maxz - i * z_step) for i in range(num_of_layers)]
# collision handling function
for z in z_steps:
# update the progress bar and check, if we should cancel the process
if draw_callback:
if draw_callback(
text=("ContourFollow: processing layer %d/%d" %
(current_layer + 1, num_of_layers))):
# cancel immediately
break
self.pa.new_direction(0)
self.generate_toolpath_slice(cutter, models[0], minx, maxx, miny,
maxy, z, draw_callback,
progress_counter, num_of_triangles)
self.pa.end_direction()
self.pa.finish()
current_layer += 1
return self.pa.paths
def _get_progress_callback(self, update_callback):
if update_callback:
return ProgressCounter(self.get_children_count(),
update_callback=update_callback).increment
else:
return None
def GenerateToolPath(self, minz, maxz, horiz_step, dz, draw_callback=None):
quit_requested = False
# calculate the number of steps
num_of_layers = 1 + ceil(abs(maxz - minz) / dz)
if num_of_layers > 1:
z_step = abs(maxz - minz) / (num_of_layers - 1)
z_steps = [(maxz - i * z_step) for i in range(num_of_layers)]
# The top layer is treated as the current surface - thus it does not
# require engraving.
z_steps = z_steps[1:]
else:
z_steps = [minz]
num_of_layers = len(z_steps)
current_layer = 0
num_of_lines = self.contour_model.get_num_of_lines()
progress_counter = ProgressCounter(len(z_steps) * num_of_lines, draw_callback)
if draw_callback:
draw_callback(text="Engrave: optimizing polygon order")
# Sort the polygons according to their directions (first inside, then
# outside. This reduces the problem of break-away pieces.
inner_polys = []
outer_polys = []
for poly in self.contour_model.get_polygons():
if poly.get_area() <= 0:
inner_polys.append(poly)
else:
outer_polys.append(poly)
inner_sorter = PolygonSorter(inner_polys, callback=draw_callback)
outer_sorter = PolygonSorter(outer_polys, callback=draw_callback)
line_groups = inner_sorter.get_polygons() + outer_sorter.get_polygons()
if self.clockwise:
for line_group in line_groups:
line_group.reverse_direction()
# push slices for all layers above ground
if maxz == minz:
# only one layer - use PushCutter instead of DropCutter
# put "last_z" clearly above the model plane
last_z = maxz + 1
push_steps = z_steps
drop_steps = []
else:
# multiple layers
last_z = maxz
push_steps = z_steps[:-1]
drop_steps = [z_steps[-1]]
for z in push_steps:
# update the progress bar and check, if we should cancel the process
if draw_callback and draw_callback(
text="Engrave: processing" + " layer %d/%d" % (current_layer + 1, num_of_layers)
):
# cancel immediately
break
for line_group in line_groups:
for line in line_group.get_lines():
self.GenerateToolPathLinePush(self.pa_push, line, z, last_z, draw_callback=draw_callback)
if progress_counter.increment():
# cancel requested
quit_requested = True
# finish the current path
self.pa_push.finish()
break
self.pa_push.finish()
# break the outer loop if requested
if quit_requested:
break
current_layer += 1
last_z = z
if quit_requested:
return self.pa_push.paths
for z in drop_steps:
if draw_callback:
draw_callback(text="Engrave: processing layer %d/%d" % (current_layer + 1, num_of_layers))
# process the final layer with a drop cutter
for line_group in line_groups:
self.pa_drop.new_direction(0)
self.pa_drop.new_scanline()
for line in line_group.get_lines():
self.GenerateToolPathLineDrop(
self.pa_drop, line, z, maxz, horiz_step, last_z, draw_callback=draw_callback
)
if progress_counter.increment():
# quit requested
quit_requested = True
break
self.pa_drop.end_scanline()
self.pa_drop.end_direction()
# break the outer loop if requested
if quit_requested:
break
current_layer += 1
last_z = z
self.pa_drop.finish()
return self.pa_push.paths + self.pa_drop.paths
def generate_toolpath(model,
tool_settings=None,
bounds=None,
direction="x",
path_generator="DropCutter",
path_postprocessor="ZigZagCutter",
material_allowance=0,
overlap_percent=0,
step_down=0,
engrave_offset=0,
milling_style="ignore",
pocketing_type="none",
support_model=None,
calculation_backend=None,
callback=None):
""" abstract interface for generating a toolpath
@type model: pycam.Geometry.Model.Model
@value model: a model contains surface triangles or a contour
@type tool_settings: dict
@value tool_settings: contains at least the following keys (depending on
the tool type):
"shape": any of possible cutter shape (see "pycam.Cutters")
"tool_radius": main radius of the tools
"torus_radius": (only for ToroidalCutter) second toroidal radius
@type bounds_low: tuple(float) | list(float)
@value bounds_low: the lower processing boundary (used for the center of
the tool) (order: minx, miny, minz)
@type bounds_high: tuple(float) | list(float)
@value bounds_high: the lower processing boundary (used for the center of
the tool) (order: maxx, maxy, maxz)
@type direction: str
@value direction: any member of the DIRECTIONS set (e.g. "x", "y" or "xy")
@type path_generator: str
@value path_generator: any member of the PATH_GENERATORS set
@type path_postprocessor: str
@value path_postprocessor: any member of the PATH_POSTPROCESSORS set
@type material_allowance: float
@value material_allowance: the minimum distance between the tool and the model
@type overlap_percent: int
@value overlap_percent: the overlap between two adjacent tool paths (0..100) given in percent
@type step_down: float
@value step_down: maximum height of each layer (for PushCutter)
@type engrave_offset: float
@value engrave_offset: toolpath distance to the contour model
@type calculation_backend: str | None
@value calculation_backend: any member of the CALCULATION_BACKENDS set
The default is the triangular collision detection.
@rtype: pycam.Toolpath.Toolpath | str
@return: the resulting toolpath object or an error string in case of invalid
arguments
"""
log.debug("Starting toolpath generation")
step_down = number(step_down)
engrave_offset = number(engrave_offset)
if bounds is None:
# no bounds were given - we use the boundaries of the model
bounds = pycam.Toolpath.Bounds(pycam.Toolpath.Bounds.TYPE_CUSTOM,
(model.minx, model.miny, model.minz),
(model.maxx, model.maxy, model.maxz))
bounds_low, bounds_high = bounds.get_absolute_limits()
minx, miny, minz = [number(value) for value in bounds_low]
maxx, maxy, maxz = [number(value) for value in bounds_high]
# trimesh model or contour model?
if isinstance(model, pycam.Geometry.Model.ContourModel):
# contour model
trimesh_models = []
contour_model = model
else:
# trimesh model
trimesh_models = [model]
contour_model = None
# Due to some weirdness the height of the drill must be bigger than the
# object's size. Otherwise some collisions are not detected.
cutter_height = 4 * abs(maxz - minz)
cutter = pycam.Cutters.get_tool_from_settings(tool_settings, cutter_height)
if isinstance(cutter, basestring):
return cutter
if not path_generator in ("EngraveCutter", "ContourFollow"):
# material allowance is not available for these two strategies
cutter.set_required_distance(material_allowance)
# create the grid model if requested
if support_model:
trimesh_models.append(support_model)
# Adapt the contour_model to the engraving offset. This offset is
# considered to be part of the material_allowance.
if contour_model and (engrave_offset != 0):
if not callback is None:
callback(text="Preparing contour model with offset ...")
contour_model = contour_model.get_offset_model(engrave_offset,
callback=callback)
if contour_model:
return "Failed to calculate offset polygons"
if not callback is None:
# reset percentage counter after the contour model calculation
callback(percent=0)
if callback(text="Checking contour model with offset for " \
+ "collisions ..."):
# quit requested
return None
progress_callback = ProgressCounter(
len(contour_model.get_polygons()), callback).increment
else:
progress_callback = None
result = contour_model.check_for_collisions(callback=progress_callback)
if result is None:
return None
elif result:
warning = "The contour model contains colliding line groups. " + \
"This can cause problems with an engraving offset.\n" + \
"A collision was detected at (%.2f, %.2f, %.2f)." % \
(result.x, result.y, result.z)
log.warning(warning)
else:
# no collisions and no user interruption
pass
# check the pocketing type
if contour_model and (pocketing_type != "none"):
if not callback is None:
callback(text="Generating pocketing polygons ...")
pocketing_offset = cutter.radius * 1.8
# TODO: this is an arbitrary limit to avoid infinite loops
pocketing_limit = 1000
base_polygons = []
other_polygons = []
if pocketing_type == "holes":
# fill polygons with negative area
for poly in contour_model.get_polygons():
if poly.is_closed and not poly.is_outer():
base_polygons.append(poly)
else:
other_polygons.append(poly)
elif pocketing_type == "enclosed":
# fill polygons with positive area
pocketing_offset *= -1
for poly in contour_model.get_polygons():
if poly.is_closed and poly.is_outer():
base_polygons.append(poly)
else:
other_polygons.append(poly)
else:
return "Unknown pocketing type given (not one of 'none', " + \
"'holes', 'enclosed'): %s" % str(pocketing_type)
# For now we use only the polygons that do not surround eny other
# polygons. Sorry - the pocketing is currently very simple ...
base_filtered_polygons = []
for candidate in base_polygons:
if callback and callback():
return "Interrupted"
for other in other_polygons:
if candidate.is_polygon_inside(other):
break
else:
base_filtered_polygons.append(candidate)
# start the pocketing for all remaining polygons
pocket_polygons = []
for base_polygon in base_filtered_polygons:
current_queue = [base_polygon]
next_queue = []
pocket_depth = 0
while current_queue and (pocket_depth < pocketing_limit):
if callback and callback():
return "Interrupted"
for poly in current_queue:
result = poly.get_offset_polygons(pocketing_offset)
pocket_polygons.extend(result)
next_queue.extend(result)
pocket_depth += 1
current_queue = next_queue
next_queue = []
# use a copy instead of the original
contour_model = contour_model.get_copy()
for pocket in pocket_polygons:
contour_model.append(pocket)
# limit the contour model to the bounding box
if contour_model:
# use minz/maxz of the contour model (in other words: ignore z)
contour_model = contour_model.get_cropped_model(
minx, maxx, miny, maxy, contour_model.minz, contour_model.maxz)
if contour_model:
return "No part of the contour model is within the bounding box."
physics = _get_physics(trimesh_models, cutter, calculation_backend)
if isinstance(physics, basestring):
return physics
generator = _get_pathgenerator_instance(trimesh_models, contour_model,
cutter, path_generator,
path_postprocessor, physics,
milling_style)
if isinstance(generator, basestring):
return generator
overlap = overlap_percent / 100.0
if (overlap < 0) or (overlap >= 1):
return "Invalid overlap value (%f): should be greater or equal 0 " \
+ "and lower than 1"
# factor "2" since we are based on radius instead of diameter
line_stepping = 2 * number(tool_settings["tool_radius"]) * (1 - overlap)
if path_generator == "PushCutter":
step_width = None
else:
# the step_width is only used for the DropCutter
step_width = tool_settings["tool_radius"] / 4
if path_generator == "DropCutter":
layer_distance = None
else:
layer_distance = step_down
direction_dict = {
"x": pycam.Toolpath.MotionGrid.GRID_DIRECTION_X,
"y": pycam.Toolpath.MotionGrid.GRID_DIRECTION_Y,
"xy": pycam.Toolpath.MotionGrid.GRID_DIRECTION_XY
}
milling_style_grid = {
"ignore": pycam.Toolpath.MotionGrid.MILLING_STYLE_IGNORE,
"conventional": pycam.Toolpath.MotionGrid.MILLING_STYLE_CONVENTIONAL,
"climb": pycam.Toolpath.MotionGrid.MILLING_STYLE_CLIMB
}
if path_generator in ("DropCutter", "PushCutter"):
motion_grid = pycam.Toolpath.MotionGrid.get_fixed_grid(
(bounds_low, bounds_high),
layer_distance,
line_stepping,
step_width=step_width,
grid_direction=direction_dict[direction],
milling_style=milling_style_grid[milling_style])
if path_generator == "DropCutter":
toolpath = generator.GenerateToolPath(motion_grid, minz, maxz,
callback)
else:
toolpath = generator.GenerateToolPath(motion_grid, callback)
elif path_generator == "EngraveCutter":
if step_down > 0:
dz = step_down
else:
dz = maxz - minz
toolpath = generator.GenerateToolPath(minz, maxz, step_width, dz,
callback)
elif path_generator == "ContourFollow":
if step_down > 0:
dz = step_down
else:
dz = maxz - minz
if dz <= 0:
dz = 1
toolpath = generator.GenerateToolPath(minx, maxx, miny, maxy, minz,
maxz, dz, callback)
else:
return "Invalid path generator (%s): not one of %s" \
% (path_generator, PATH_GENERATORS)
return toolpath
def GenerateToolPath(self, minz, maxz, horiz_step, dz, draw_callback=None):
quit_requested = False
# calculate the number of steps
num_of_layers = 1 + ceil(abs(maxz - minz) / dz)
if num_of_layers > 1:
z_step = abs(maxz - minz) / (num_of_layers - 1)
z_steps = [(maxz - i * z_step) for i in range(num_of_layers)]
# The top layer is treated as the current surface - thus it does not
# require engraving.
z_steps = z_steps[1:]
else:
z_steps = [minz]
num_of_layers = len(z_steps)
current_layer = 0
num_of_lines = self.contour_model.get_num_of_lines()
progress_counter = ProgressCounter(len(z_steps) * num_of_lines,
draw_callback)
if draw_callback:
draw_callback(text="Engrave: optimizing polygon order")
# Sort the polygons according to their directions (first inside, then
# outside. This reduces the problem of break-away pieces.
inner_polys = []
outer_polys = []
for poly in self.contour_model.get_polygons():
if poly.get_area() <= 0:
inner_polys.append(poly)
else:
outer_polys.append(poly)
inner_sorter = PolygonSorter(inner_polys, callback=draw_callback)
outer_sorter = PolygonSorter(outer_polys, callback=draw_callback)
line_groups = inner_sorter.get_polygons() + outer_sorter.get_polygons()
if self.clockwise:
for line_group in line_groups:
line_group.reverse_direction()
# push slices for all layers above ground
if maxz == minz:
# only one layer - use PushCutter instead of DropCutter
# put "last_z" clearly above the model plane
last_z = maxz + 1
push_steps = z_steps
drop_steps = []
else:
# multiple layers
last_z = maxz
push_steps = z_steps[:-1]
drop_steps = [z_steps[-1]]
for z in push_steps:
# update the progress bar and check, if we should cancel the process
if draw_callback and draw_callback(text="Engrave: processing" \
+ " layer %d/%d" % (current_layer + 1, num_of_layers)):
# cancel immediately
break
for line_group in line_groups:
for line in line_group.get_lines():
self.GenerateToolPathLinePush(self.pa_push, line, z, last_z,
draw_callback=draw_callback)
if progress_counter.increment():
# cancel requested
quit_requested = True
# finish the current path
self.pa_push.finish()
break
self.pa_push.finish()
# break the outer loop if requested
if quit_requested:
break
current_layer += 1
last_z = z
if quit_requested:
return self.pa_push.paths
for z in drop_steps:
if draw_callback:
draw_callback(text="Engrave: processing layer %d/%d" \
% (current_layer + 1, num_of_layers))
# process the final layer with a drop cutter
for line_group in line_groups:
self.pa_drop.new_direction(0)
self.pa_drop.new_scanline()
for line in line_group.get_lines():
self.GenerateToolPathLineDrop(self.pa_drop, line, z, maxz,
horiz_step, last_z, draw_callback=draw_callback)
if progress_counter.increment():
# quit requested
quit_requested = True
break
self.pa_drop.end_scanline()
self.pa_drop.end_direction()
# break the outer loop if requested
if quit_requested:
break
current_layer += 1
last_z = z
self.pa_drop.finish()
return self.pa_push.paths + self.pa_drop.paths
def generate_toolpath(self,
cutter,
models,
motion_grid,
minz=None,
maxz=None,
draw_callback=None):
# Transfer the grid (a generator) into a list of lists and count the items.
grid = []
num_of_grid_positions = 0
for layer in motion_grid:
lines = []
for line in layer:
# convert the generator to a list
lines.append(list(line))
num_of_grid_positions += len(lines)
grid.append(lines)
num_of_layers = len(grid)
progress_counter = ProgressCounter(num_of_grid_positions,
draw_callback)
current_layer = 0
if self.waterlines:
self.pa = pycam.PathProcessors.ContourCutter.ContourCutter()
else:
path = []
for layer_grid in grid:
# update the progress bar and check, if we should cancel the process
if draw_callback and draw_callback(
text=("PushCutter: processing layer %d/%d" %
(current_layer + 1, num_of_layers))):
# cancel immediately
break
if self.waterlines:
self.pa.new_direction(0)
result = self.generate_toolpath_slice(cutter, models, layer_grid,
draw_callback,
progress_counter)
if self.waterlines:
self.pa.end_direction()
self.pa.finish()
else:
path.extend(result)
current_layer += 1
if self.waterlines:
# TODO: this is complicated and hacky :(
# we don't use parallelism (for the sake of simplicity)
result = []
# turn the waterline points into cutting segments
for path in self.pa.paths:
pairs = []
for index in range(len(path.points) - 1):
pairs.append((path.points[index], path.points[index + 1]))
if len(models) > 1:
# We assume that the first model is used for the waterline and all
# other models are obstacles (e.g. a support grid).
other_models = models[1:]
for p1, p2 in pairs:
free_points = get_free_paths_triangles(
other_models, cutter, p1, p2)
for index in range(len(free_points) // 2):
result.append(MoveStraight(free_points[2 * index]))
result.append(
MoveStraight(free_points[2 * index + 1]))
result.append(MoveSafety())
else:
for p1, p2 in pairs:
result.append(MoveStraight(p1))
result.append(MoveStraight(p2))
result.append(MoveSafety())
return result
else:
return path
