def load_earth_relief(resolution="01d",
region=None,
registration=None,
use_srtm=False):
r"""
Load Earth relief grids (topography and bathymetry) in various resolutions.
The grids are downloaded to a user data directory
(usually ``~/.gmt/server/earth/earth_relief/``) the first time you invoke
this function. Afterwards, it will load the grid from the data directory.
So you'll need an internet connection the first time around.
These grids can also be accessed by passing in the file name
**@earth_relief**\_\ *res*\[_\ *reg*] to any grid plotting/processing
function. *res* is the grid resolution (see below), and *reg* is grid
registration type (**p** for pixel registration or **g** for gridline
registration).
Refer to :gmt-docs:`datasets/remote-data.html#global-earth-relief-grids`
for more details.
Parameters
----------
resolution : str
The grid resolution. The suffix ``d``, ``m`` and ``s`` stand for
arc-degree, arc-minute and arc-second. It can be ``'01d'``, ``'30m'``,
``'20m'``, ``'15m'``, ``'10m'``, ``'06m'``, ``'05m'``, ``'04m'``,
``'03m'``, ``'02m'``, ``'01m'``, ``'30s'``, ``'15s'``, ``'03s'``,
or ``'01s'``.
region : str or list
The subregion of the grid to load, in the forms of a list
[*xmin*, *xmax*, *ymin*, *ymax*] or a string *xmin/xmax/ymin/ymax*.
Required for Earth relief grids with resolutions higher than 5
arc-minute (i.e., ``05m``).
registration : str
Grid registration type. Either ``pixel`` for pixel registration or
``gridline`` for gridline registration. Default is ``None``, where
a pixel-registered grid is returned unless only the
gridline-registered grid is available.
use_srtm : bool
By default, the land-only SRTM tiles from NASA are used to generate the
``'03s'`` and ``'01s'`` grids, and the missing ocean values are filled
by up-sampling the SRTM15+V2.1 tiles which have a resolution of 15
arc-second (i.e., ``'15s'``). If True, will only load the original
land-only SRTM tiles.
Returns
-------
grid : :class:`xarray.DataArray`
The Earth relief grid. Coordinates are latitude and longitude in
degrees. Relief is in meters.
Notes
-----
The :class:`xarray.DataArray` grid doesn't support slice operation, for
Earth relief data with resolutions higher than "05m", which are stored as
smaller tiles.
Examples
--------
>>> # load the default grid (pixel-registered 01d grid)
>>> grid = load_earth_relief()
>>> # load the 30m grid with "gridline" registration
>>> grid = load_earth_relief("30m", registration="gridline")
>>> # load high-resolution grid for a specific region
>>> grid = load_earth_relief(
... "05m", region=[120, 160, 30, 60], registration="gridline"
... )
>>> # load the original 3 arc-second land-only SRTM tiles from NASA
>>> grid = load_earth_relief(
... "03s",
... region=[135, 136, 35, 36],
... registration="gridline",
... use_srtm=True,
... )
"""
# earth relief data stored as single grids for low resolutions
non_tiled_resolutions = ["01d", "30m", "20m", "15m", "10m", "06m"]
# earth relief data stored as tiles for high resolutions
tiled_resolutions = [
"05m", "04m", "03m", "02m", "01m", "30s", "15s", "03s", "01s"
]
# resolutions of original land-only SRTM tiles from NASA
land_only_srtm_resolutions = ["03s", "01s"]
if registration in ("pixel", "gridline", None):
# If None, let GMT decide on Pixel/Gridline type
reg = f"_{registration[0]}" if registration else ""
else:
raise GMTInvalidInput(
f"Invalid grid registration: '{registration}', should be either "
"'pixel', 'gridline' or None. Default is None, where a "
"pixel-registered grid is returned unless only the "
"gridline-registered grid is available.")
if resolution not in non_tiled_resolutions + tiled_resolutions:
raise GMTInvalidInput(
f"Invalid Earth relief resolution '{resolution}'.")
# Check combination of resolution and registration.
if (resolution == "15s"
and registration == "gridline") or (resolution in ("03s", "01s")
and registration == "pixel"):
raise GMTInvalidInput(
f"{registration}-registered Earth relief data for "
f"resolution '{resolution}' is not supported.")
# Choose earth relief data prefix
earth_relief_prefix = "earth_relief_"
if use_srtm and resolution in land_only_srtm_resolutions:
earth_relief_prefix = "srtm_relief_"
# different ways to load tiled and non-tiled earth relief data
# Known issue: tiled grids don't support slice operation
# See https://github.com/GenericMappingTools/pygmt/issues/524
if region is None:
if resolution not in non_tiled_resolutions:
raise GMTInvalidInput(
f"'region' is required for Earth relief resolution '{resolution}'."
)
fname = which(f"@earth_relief_{resolution}{reg}", download="a")
with xr.open_dataarray(fname) as dataarray:
grid = dataarray.load()
_ = grid.gmt # load GMTDataArray accessor information
else:
grid = grdcut(f"@{earth_relief_prefix}{resolution}{reg}",
region=region)
# Add some metadata to the grid
grid.name = "elevation"
grid.attrs["long_name"] = "elevation relative to the geoid"
grid.attrs["units"] = "meters"
grid.attrs["vertical_datum"] = "EMG96"
grid.attrs["horizontal_datum"] = "WGS84"
# Remove the actual range because it gets outdated when indexing the grid,
# which causes problems when exporting it to netCDF for usage on the
# command-line.
grid.attrs.pop("actual_range")
for coord in grid.coords:
grid[coord].attrs.pop("actual_range")
return grid
def load_earth_age(resolution="01d", region=None, registration=None):
r"""
Load Earth seafloor crustal ages in various resolutions.
The grids are downloaded to a user data directory
(usually ``~/.gmt/server/earth/earth_age/``) the first time you invoke
this function. Afterwards, it will load the grid from the data directory.
So you'll need an internet connection the first time around.
These grids can also be accessed by passing in the file name
**@earth_age**\_\ *res*\[_\ *reg*] to any grid plotting/processing
function. *res* is the grid resolution (see below), and *reg* is grid
registration type (**p** for pixel registration or **g** for gridline
registration).
Refer to
:gmt-docs:`datasets/remote-data.html#global-earth-seafloor-crustal-age-grids`
for more details.
Parameters
----------
resolution : str
The grid resolution. The suffix ``d`` and ``m`` stand for
arc-degree, arc-minute and arc-second. It can be ``'01d'``, ``'30m'``,
``'20m'``, ``'15m'``, ``'10m'``, ``'06m'``, ``'05m'``, ``'04m'``,
``'03m'``, ``'02m'``, or ``'01m'``.
region : str or list
The subregion of the grid to load, in the forms of a list
[*xmin*, *xmax*, *ymin*, *ymax*] or a string *xmin/xmax/ymin/ymax*.
Required for grids with resolutions higher than 5
arc-minute (i.e., ``05m``).
registration : str
Grid registration type. Either ``pixel`` for pixel registration or
``gridline`` for gridline registration. Default is ``None``, where
a pixel-registered grid is returned unless only the
gridline-registered grid is available.
Returns
-------
grid : :class:`xarray.DataArray`
The Earth seafloor crustal age grid. Coordinates are latitude and
longitude in degrees. Age is in millions of years (Myr).
Notes
-----
The :class:`xarray.DataArray` grid doesn't support slice operation, for
Earth seafloor crustal age with resolutions of 5 arc-minutes or higher,
which are stored as smaller tiles.
"""
# earth seafloor crust age data stored as single grids for low resolutions
non_tiled_resolutions = ["01d", "30m", "20m", "15m", "10m", "06m"]
# earth seafloor crust age data stored as tiles for high resolutions
tiled_resolutions = ["05m", "04m", "03m", "02m", "01m"]
if registration in ("pixel", "gridline", None):
# If None, let GMT decide on Pixel/Gridline type
reg = f"_{registration[0]}" if registration else ""
else:
raise GMTInvalidInput(
f"Invalid grid registration: '{registration}', should be either "
"'pixel', 'gridline' or None. Default is None, where a "
"pixel-registered grid is returned unless only the "
"gridline-registered grid is available.")
if resolution not in non_tiled_resolutions + tiled_resolutions:
raise GMTInvalidInput(
f"Invalid Earth relief resolution '{resolution}'.")
# Choose earth relief data prefix
earth_age_prefix = "earth_age_"
# different ways to load tiled and non-tiled earth relief data
# Known issue: tiled grids don't support slice operation
# See https://github.com/GenericMappingTools/pygmt/issues/524
if region is None:
if resolution not in non_tiled_resolutions:
raise GMTInvalidInput(
f"'region' is required for Earth age resolution '{resolution}'."
)
fname = which(f"@earth_age_{resolution}{reg}", download="a")
grid = load_dataarray(fname, engine="netcdf4")
else:
grid = grdcut(f"@{earth_age_prefix}{resolution}{reg}", region=region)
# Add some metadata to the grid
grid.name = "seafloor_age"
grid.attrs["long_name"] = "age of seafloor crust"
grid.attrs["units"] = "Myr"
grid.attrs["vertical_datum"] = "EMG96"
grid.attrs["horizontal_datum"] = "WGS84"
# Remove the actual range because it gets outdated when indexing the grid,
# which causes problems when exporting it to netCDF for usage on the
# command-line.
grid.attrs.pop("actual_range")
for coord in grid.coords:
grid[coord].attrs.pop("actual_range")
return grid