def test_twoq_equivalence(self):
"""Test GMS on 2 qubits is same as RXX."""
circuit = GMS(num_qubits=2, theta=[[0, np.pi / 3], [0, 0]])
expected = RXXGate(np.pi / 3)
expected = Operator(expected)
simulated = Operator(circuit)
self.assertTrue(expected.equiv(simulated))
def canonical_matrix(a=0.0, b=0.0, c=0.0):
"""
Produces the matrix form of a "canonical operator"
exp(-i (a XX + b YY + c ZZ)) .
"""
return RXXGate(2 * a).to_matrix() @ RYYGate(2 * b).to_matrix() @ RZZGate(-2 * c).to_matrix()
def test_euler_basis_selection(self):
"""Verify decomposition uses euler_basis for 1q gates."""
euler_bases = [
('U3', ['u3']),
('U1X', ['u1', 'rx']),
('RR', ['r']),
('ZYZ', ['rz', 'ry']),
('ZXZ', ['rz', 'rx']),
('XYX', ['rx', 'ry']),
]
kak_gates = [
(CXGate(), 'cx'),
(CZGate(), 'cz'),
(iSwapGate(), 'iswap'),
(RXXGate(np.pi / 2), 'rxx'),
]
for basis in product(euler_bases, kak_gates):
(euler_basis, oneq_gates), (kak_gate, kak_gate_name) = basis
with self.subTest(euler_basis=euler_basis, kak_gate=kak_gate):
decomposer = TwoQubitBasisDecomposer(kak_gate,
euler_basis=euler_basis)
unitary = random_unitary(4)
self.check_exact_decomposition(unitary.data, decomposer)
decomposition_basis = set(decomposer(unitary).count_ops())
requested_basis = set(oneq_gates + [kak_gate_name])
self.assertTrue(decomposition_basis.issubset(requested_basis))
def test_operations(self):
self.assertEqual(self.empty_target.operations, [])
ibm_expected = [
RZGate(self.theta),
IGate(),
SXGate(),
XGate(),
CXGate(),
Measure()
]
for gate in ibm_expected:
self.assertIn(gate, self.ibm_target.operations)
aqt_expected = [
RZGate(self.theta),
RXGate(self.theta),
RYGate(self.theta),
RGate(self.theta, self.phi),
RXXGate(self.theta),
]
for gate in aqt_expected:
self.assertIn(gate, self.aqt_target.operations)
fake_expected = [
UGate(self.fake_backend._theta, self.fake_backend._phi,
self.fake_backend._lam),
CXGate(),
Measure(),
ECRGate(),
RXGate(math.pi / 6),
RXGate(self.fake_backend._theta),
]
for gate in fake_expected:
self.assertIn(gate, self.fake_backend_target.operations)
ideal_sim_expected = [
UGate(self.theta, self.phi, self.lam),
RXGate(self.theta),
RYGate(self.theta),
RZGate(self.theta),
CXGate(),
ECRGate(),
CCXGate(),
Measure(),
]
for gate in ideal_sim_expected:
self.assertIn(gate, self.ideal_sim_target.operations)
def setUp(self):
super().setUp()
self.fake_backend = FakeBackendV2()
self.fake_backend_target = self.fake_backend.target
self.theta = Parameter("theta")
self.phi = Parameter("phi")
self.ibm_target = Target()
i_props = {
(0, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.000413),
(1, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.000502),
(2, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.0004003),
(3, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.000614),
(4, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.006149),
}
self.ibm_target.add_instruction(IGate(), i_props)
rz_props = {
(0, ): InstructionProperties(duration=0, error=0),
(1, ): InstructionProperties(duration=0, error=0),
(2, ): InstructionProperties(duration=0, error=0),
(3, ): InstructionProperties(duration=0, error=0),
(4, ): InstructionProperties(duration=0, error=0),
}
self.ibm_target.add_instruction(RZGate(self.theta), rz_props)
sx_props = {
(0, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.000413),
(1, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.000502),
(2, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.0004003),
(3, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.000614),
(4, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.006149),
}
self.ibm_target.add_instruction(SXGate(), sx_props)
x_props = {
(0, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.000413),
(1, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.000502),
(2, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.0004003),
(3, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.000614),
(4, ): InstructionProperties(duration=35.5e-9, error=0.006149),
}
self.ibm_target.add_instruction(XGate(), x_props)
cx_props = {
(3, 4): InstructionProperties(duration=270.22e-9, error=0.00713),
(4, 3): InstructionProperties(duration=305.77e-9, error=0.00713),
(3, 1): InstructionProperties(duration=462.22e-9, error=0.00929),
(1, 3): InstructionProperties(duration=497.77e-9, error=0.00929),
(1, 2): InstructionProperties(duration=227.55e-9, error=0.00659),
(2, 1): InstructionProperties(duration=263.11e-9, error=0.00659),
(0, 1): InstructionProperties(duration=519.11e-9, error=0.01201),
(1, 0): InstructionProperties(duration=554.66e-9, error=0.01201),
}
self.ibm_target.add_instruction(CXGate(), cx_props)
measure_props = {
(0, ): InstructionProperties(duration=5.813e-6, error=0.0751),
(1, ): InstructionProperties(duration=5.813e-6, error=0.0225),
(2, ): InstructionProperties(duration=5.813e-6, error=0.0146),
(3, ): InstructionProperties(duration=5.813e-6, error=0.0215),
(4, ): InstructionProperties(duration=5.813e-6, error=0.0333),
}
self.ibm_target.add_instruction(Measure(), measure_props)
self.aqt_target = Target(description="AQT Target")
rx_props = {
(0, ): None,
(1, ): None,
(2, ): None,
(3, ): None,
(4, ): None,
}
self.aqt_target.add_instruction(RXGate(self.theta), rx_props)
ry_props = {
(0, ): None,
(1, ): None,
(2, ): None,
(3, ): None,
(4, ): None,
}
self.aqt_target.add_instruction(RYGate(self.theta), ry_props)
rz_props = {
(0, ): None,
(1, ): None,
(2, ): None,
(3, ): None,
(4, ): None,
}
self.aqt_target.add_instruction(RZGate(self.theta), rz_props)
r_props = {
(0, ): None,
(1, ): None,
(2, ): None,
(3, ): None,
(4, ): None,
}
self.aqt_target.add_instruction(RGate(self.theta, self.phi), r_props)
rxx_props = {
(0, 1): None,
(0, 2): None,
(0, 3): None,
(0, 4): None,
(1, 0): None,
(2, 0): None,
(3, 0): None,
(4, 0): None,
(1, 2): None,
(1, 3): None,
(1, 4): None,
(2, 1): None,
(3, 1): None,
(4, 1): None,
(2, 3): None,
(2, 4): None,
(3, 2): None,
(4, 2): None,
(3, 4): None,
(4, 3): None,
}
self.aqt_target.add_instruction(RXXGate(self.theta), rxx_props)
measure_props = {
(0, ): None,
(1, ): None,
(2, ): None,
(3, ): None,
(4, ): None,
}
self.aqt_target.add_instruction(Measure(), measure_props)
self.empty_target = Target()
self.ideal_sim_target = Target(num_qubits=3,
description="Ideal Simulator")
self.lam = Parameter("lam")
for inst in [
UGate(self.theta, self.phi, self.lam),
RXGate(self.theta),
RYGate(self.theta),
RZGate(self.theta),
CXGate(),
ECRGate(),
CCXGate(),
Measure(),
]:
self.ideal_sim_target.add_instruction(inst, {None: None})
class TestTwoQubitDecomposeExact(CheckDecompositions):
"""Test TwoQubitBasisDecomposer() for exact decompositions
"""
def test_cnot_rxx_decompose(self):
"""Verify CNOT decomposition into RXX gate is correct"""
cnot = Operator(CXGate())
decomps = [cnot_rxx_decompose(),
cnot_rxx_decompose(plus_ry=True, plus_rxx=True),
cnot_rxx_decompose(plus_ry=True, plus_rxx=False),
cnot_rxx_decompose(plus_ry=False, plus_rxx=True),
cnot_rxx_decompose(plus_ry=False, plus_rxx=False)]
for decomp in decomps:
self.assertTrue(cnot.equiv(decomp))
@combine(seed=range(10), name='test_exact_two_qubit_cnot_decompose_random_{seed}')
def test_exact_two_qubit_cnot_decompose_random(self, seed):
"""Verify exact CNOT decomposition for random Haar 4x4 unitary (seed={seed}).
"""
unitary = random_unitary(4, seed=seed)
self.check_exact_decomposition(unitary.data, two_qubit_cnot_decompose)
def test_exact_two_qubit_cnot_decompose_paulis(self):
"""Verify exact CNOT decomposition for Paulis
"""
unitary = Operator.from_label('XZ')
self.check_exact_decomposition(unitary.data, two_qubit_cnot_decompose)
@combine(seed=range(10), name='test_exact_supercontrolled_decompose_random_{seed}')
def test_exact_supercontrolled_decompose_random(self, seed):
"""Exact decomposition for random supercontrolled basis and random target (seed={seed})"""
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
k1 = np.kron(random_unitary(2, seed=seed).data, random_unitary(2, seed=seed + 1).data)
k2 = np.kron(random_unitary(2, seed=seed + 2).data, random_unitary(2, seed=seed + 3).data)
basis_unitary = k1 @ Ud(np.pi / 4, 0, 0) @ k2
decomposer = TwoQubitBasisDecomposer(UnitaryGate(basis_unitary))
self.check_exact_decomposition(random_unitary(4, seed=seed + 4).data, decomposer)
def test_exact_nonsupercontrolled_decompose(self):
"""Check that the nonsupercontrolled basis throws a warning"""
with self.assertWarns(UserWarning, msg="Supposed to warn when basis non-supercontrolled"):
TwoQubitBasisDecomposer(UnitaryGate(Ud(np.pi / 4, 0.2, 0.1)))
def test_cx_equivalence_0cx(self, seed=0):
"""Check circuits with 0 cx gates locally equivalent to identity
"""
state = np.random.default_rng(seed)
rnd = 2 * np.pi * state.random(size=6)
qr = QuantumRegister(2, name='q')
qc = QuantumCircuit(qr)
qc.u(rnd[0], rnd[1], rnd[2], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[3], rnd[4], rnd[5], qr[1])
sim = UnitarySimulatorPy()
unitary = execute(qc, sim).result().get_unitary()
self.assertEqual(two_qubit_cnot_decompose.num_basis_gates(unitary), 0)
self.assertTrue(Operator(two_qubit_cnot_decompose(unitary)).equiv(unitary))
def test_cx_equivalence_1cx(self, seed=1):
"""Check circuits with 1 cx gates locally equivalent to a cx
"""
state = np.random.default_rng(seed)
rnd = 2 * np.pi * state.random(size=12)
qr = QuantumRegister(2, name='q')
qc = QuantumCircuit(qr)
qc.u(rnd[0], rnd[1], rnd[2], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[3], rnd[4], rnd[5], qr[1])
qc.cx(qr[1], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[6], rnd[7], rnd[8], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[9], rnd[10], rnd[11], qr[1])
sim = UnitarySimulatorPy()
unitary = execute(qc, sim).result().get_unitary()
self.assertEqual(two_qubit_cnot_decompose.num_basis_gates(unitary), 1)
self.assertTrue(Operator(two_qubit_cnot_decompose(unitary)).equiv(unitary))
def test_cx_equivalence_2cx(self, seed=2):
"""Check circuits with 2 cx gates locally equivalent to some circuit with 2 cx.
"""
state = np.random.default_rng(seed)
rnd = 2 * np.pi * state.random(size=18)
qr = QuantumRegister(2, name='q')
qc = QuantumCircuit(qr)
qc.u(rnd[0], rnd[1], rnd[2], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[3], rnd[4], rnd[5], qr[1])
qc.cx(qr[1], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[6], rnd[7], rnd[8], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[9], rnd[10], rnd[11], qr[1])
qc.cx(qr[0], qr[1])
qc.u(rnd[12], rnd[13], rnd[14], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[15], rnd[16], rnd[17], qr[1])
sim = UnitarySimulatorPy()
unitary = execute(qc, sim).result().get_unitary()
self.assertEqual(two_qubit_cnot_decompose.num_basis_gates(unitary), 2)
self.assertTrue(Operator(two_qubit_cnot_decompose(unitary)).equiv(unitary))
def test_cx_equivalence_3cx(self, seed=3):
"""Check circuits with 3 cx gates are outside the 0, 1, and 2 qubit regions.
"""
state = np.random.default_rng(seed)
rnd = 2 * np.pi * state.random(size=24)
qr = QuantumRegister(2, name='q')
qc = QuantumCircuit(qr)
qc.u(rnd[0], rnd[1], rnd[2], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[3], rnd[4], rnd[5], qr[1])
qc.cx(qr[1], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[6], rnd[7], rnd[8], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[9], rnd[10], rnd[11], qr[1])
qc.cx(qr[0], qr[1])
qc.u(rnd[12], rnd[13], rnd[14], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[15], rnd[16], rnd[17], qr[1])
qc.cx(qr[1], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[18], rnd[19], rnd[20], qr[0])
qc.u(rnd[21], rnd[22], rnd[23], qr[1])
sim = UnitarySimulatorPy()
unitary = execute(qc, sim).result().get_unitary()
self.assertEqual(two_qubit_cnot_decompose.num_basis_gates(unitary), 3)
self.assertTrue(Operator(two_qubit_cnot_decompose(unitary)).equiv(unitary))
def test_seed_289(self):
"""This specific case failed when PR #3585 was applied
See https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/pull/3652"""
unitary = random_unitary(4, seed=289)
self.check_exact_decomposition(unitary.data, two_qubit_cnot_decompose)
@combine(seed=range(10),
euler_bases=[('U3', ['u3']), ('U', ['u']), ('U1X', ['u1', 'rx']), ('RR', ['r']),
('PSX', ['p', 'sx']), ('ZYZ', ['rz', 'ry']), ('ZXZ', ['rz', 'rx']),
('XYX', ['rx', 'ry']), ('ZSX', ['rz', 'sx'])],
kak_gates=[(CXGate(), 'cx'), (CZGate(), 'cz'), (iSwapGate(), 'iswap'),
(RXXGate(np.pi / 2), 'rxx')],
name='test_euler_basis_selection_{seed}_{euler_bases[0]}_{kak_gates[1]}')
def test_euler_basis_selection(self, euler_bases, kak_gates, seed):
"""Verify decomposition uses euler_basis for 1q gates."""
(euler_basis, oneq_gates) = euler_bases
(kak_gate, kak_gate_name) = kak_gates
with self.subTest(euler_basis=euler_basis, kak_gate=kak_gate):
decomposer = TwoQubitBasisDecomposer(kak_gate, euler_basis=euler_basis)
unitary = random_unitary(4, seed=seed)
self.check_exact_decomposition(unitary.data, decomposer)
decomposition_basis = set(decomposer(unitary).count_ops())
requested_basis = set(oneq_gates + [kak_gate_name])
self.assertTrue(
decomposition_basis.issubset(requested_basis))
class TestCollect2qBlocks(QiskitTestCase):
"""
Tests to verify that blocks of 2q interactions are found correctly.
"""
def test_blocks_in_topological_order(self):
"""the pass returns blocks in correct topological order
______
q0:--[p]-------.---- q0:-------------| |--
| ______ | U2 |
q1:--[u]--(+)-(+)--- = q1:---| |--|______|--
| | U1 |
q2:--------.-------- q2:---|______|------------
"""
qr = QuantumRegister(3, "qr")
qc = QuantumCircuit(qr)
qc.p(0.5, qr[0])
qc.u(0.0, 0.2, 0.6, qr[1])
qc.cx(qr[2], qr[1])
qc.cx(qr[0], qr[1])
dag = circuit_to_dag(qc)
topo_ops = list(dag.topological_op_nodes())
block_1 = [topo_ops[1], topo_ops[2]]
block_2 = [topo_ops[0], topo_ops[3]]
pass_ = Collect2qBlocks()
pass_.run(dag)
self.assertTrue(pass_.property_set["block_list"], [block_1, block_2])
def test_block_interrupted_by_gate(self):
"""Test that blocks interrupted by a gate that can't be added
to the block can be collected correctly
This was raised in #2775 where a measure in the middle of a block
stopped the block collection from working properly. This was because
the pass didn't expect to have measures in the middle of the circuit.
blocks : [['cx', 'id', 'id', 'id'], ['id', 'cx']]
┌───┐┌───┐┌─┐ ┌───┐┌───┐
q_0: |0>┤ X ├┤ I ├┤M├─────┤ I ├┤ X ├
└─┬─┘├───┤└╥┘┌───┐└───┘└─┬─┘
q_1: |0>──■──┤ I ├─╫─┤ I ├───────■──
└───┘ ║ └───┘
c_0: 0 ═══════════╩════════════════
"""
qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 1)
qc.cx(1, 0)
qc.i(0)
qc.i(1)
qc.measure(0, 0)
qc.i(0)
qc.i(1)
qc.cx(1, 0)
dag = circuit_to_dag(qc)
pass_ = Collect2qBlocks()
pass_.run(dag)
# list from Collect2QBlocks of nodes that it should have put into blocks
good_names = ["cx", "u1", "u2", "u3", "id"]
dag_nodes = [
node for node in dag.topological_op_nodes()
if node.name in good_names
]
# we have to convert them to sets as the ordering can be different
# but equivalent between python 3.5 and 3.7
# there is no implied topology in a block, so this isn't an issue
dag_nodes = [set(dag_nodes[:4]), set(dag_nodes[4:])]
pass_nodes = [set(bl) for bl in pass_.property_set["block_list"]]
self.assertEqual(dag_nodes, pass_nodes)
def test_block_with_classical_register(self):
"""Test that only blocks that share quantum wires are added to the block.
It was the case that gates which shared a classical wire could be added to
the same block, despite not sharing the same qubits. This was fixed in #2956.
┌─────────────────────┐
q_0: |0>────────────────────┤ U2(0.25*pi,0.25*pi) ├
┌─────────────┐└──────────┬──────────┘
q_1: |0>──■──┤ U1(0.25*pi) ├───────────┼───────────
┌─┴─┐└──────┬──────┘ │
q_2: |0>┤ X ├───────┼──────────────────┼───────────
└───┘ ┌──┴──┐ ┌──┴──┐
c0_0: 0 ═════════╡ = 0 ╞════════════╡ = 0 ╞════════
└─────┘ └─────┘
Previously the blocks collected were : [['cx', 'u1', 'u2']]
This is now corrected to : [['cx', 'u1']]
"""
qasmstr = """
OPENQASM 2.0;
include "qelib1.inc";
qreg q[3];
creg c0[1];
cx q[1],q[2];
if(c0==0) u1(0.25*pi) q[1];
if(c0==0) u2(0.25*pi, 0.25*pi) q[0];
"""
qc = QuantumCircuit.from_qasm_str(qasmstr)
pass_manager = PassManager()
pass_manager.append(Collect2qBlocks())
pass_manager.run(qc)
self.assertEqual(
[["cx"]], [[n.name for n in block]
for block in pass_manager.property_set["block_list"]])
def test_do_not_merge_conditioned_gates(self):
"""Validate that classically conditioned gates are never considered for
inclusion in a block. Note that there are cases where gates conditioned
on the same (register, value) pair could be correctly merged, but this is
not yet implemented.
┌────────┐┌────────┐┌────────┐ ┌───┐
qr_0: |0>┤ P(0.1) ├┤ P(0.2) ├┤ P(0.3) ├──■───┤ X ├────■───
└────────┘└───┬────┘└───┬────┘┌─┴─┐ └─┬─┘ ┌─┴─┐
qr_1: |0>──────────────┼─────────┼─────┤ X ├───■────┤ X ├─
│ │ └───┘ │ └─┬─┘
qr_2: |0>──────────────┼─────────┼─────────────┼──────┼───
┌──┴──┐ ┌──┴──┐ ┌──┴──┐┌──┴──┐
cr_0: 0 ═══════════╡ ╞═══╡ ╞═══════╡ ╞╡ ╞
│ = 0 │ │ = 0 │ │ = 0 ││ = 1 │
cr_1: 0 ═══════════╡ ╞═══╡ ╞═══════╡ ╞╡ ╞
└─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘└─────┘
Previously the blocks collected were : [['p', 'p', 'p', 'cx', 'cx', 'cx']]
This is now corrected to : [['cx']]
"""
# ref: https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/issues/3215
qr = QuantumRegister(3, "qr")
cr = ClassicalRegister(2, "cr")
qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr)
qc.p(0.1, 0)
qc.p(0.2, 0).c_if(cr, 0)
qc.p(0.3, 0).c_if(cr, 0)
qc.cx(0, 1)
qc.cx(1, 0).c_if(cr, 0)
qc.cx(0, 1).c_if(cr, 1)
pass_manager = PassManager()
pass_manager.append(Collect2qBlocks())
pass_manager.run(qc)
self.assertEqual(
[["cx"]], [[n.name for n in block]
for block in pass_manager.property_set["block_list"]])
@unpack
@data(
(CXGate(), U1Gate(0.1), U2Gate(0.2, 0.3)),
(RXXGate(pi / 2), RZGate(0.1), RXGate(pi / 2)),
(
Gate("custom2qgate", 2, []),
Gate("custom1qgate1", 1, []),
Gate("custom1qgate2", 1, []),
),
)
def test_collect_arbitrary_gates(self, twoQ_gate, oneQ_gate1, oneQ_gate2):
"""Validate we can collect blocks irrespective of gate types in the circuit."""
qc = QuantumCircuit(3)
# Block 1 - q[0] and q[1]
qc.append(oneQ_gate1, [0])
qc.append(oneQ_gate2, [1])
qc.append(twoQ_gate, [0, 1])
qc.append(oneQ_gate1, [0])
qc.append(oneQ_gate2, [1])
# Block 2 - q[1] and q[2]
qc.append(oneQ_gate1, [1])
qc.append(oneQ_gate2, [2])
qc.append(twoQ_gate, [1, 2])
qc.append(oneQ_gate1, [1])
qc.append(oneQ_gate2, [2])
# Block 3 - q[0] and q[1]
qc.append(oneQ_gate1, [0])
qc.append(oneQ_gate2, [1])
qc.append(twoQ_gate, [0, 1])
qc.append(oneQ_gate1, [0])
qc.append(oneQ_gate2, [1])
pass_manager = PassManager()
pass_manager.append(Collect2qBlocks())
pass_manager.run(qc)
self.assertEqual(len(pass_manager.property_set["block_list"]), 3)