def test_lighting_with_surface_in_shadow(self, background):
eyev = Vector(0, 0, -1)
normalv = Vector(0, 0, -1)
light = PointLight(Point(0, 0, -10), Color(1, 1, 1))
in_shadow = True
result = background['m'].lighting(Sphere(), light, background['position'], eyev, normalv, in_shadow)
assert result == Color(0.1, 0.1, 0.1)
def test_constructing_ppm_pixel_data(self):
c = Canvas(5, 3)
c1 = Color(1.5, 0, 0)
c2 = Color(0, 0.5, 0)
c3 = Color(-0.5, 0, 1)
c.write_pixel(0, 0, c1)
c.write_pixel(2, 1, c2)
c.write_pixel(4, 2, c3)
ppm = c.to_ppm()
assert ''.join(ppm[3:]) == "255 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0\n" \
"0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 0 0 0 0 0 0 0\n" \
"0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255\n"
def csg():
s1 = Sphere()
s1.transformation = translation(-0.375, 0, 0)
s1.material.color = Color(1, 0, 0)
s1.material.transparency = .8
s2 = Sphere()
s2.transformation = translation(0.375, 0, 0)
s2.material.pattern = GradientPattern(Color(1, 0, 0), Color(1, 1, 0))
s2.material.reflective = .8
s2.material.transparency = .8
c = Csg(OperationType.INTERSECTION, s1, s2)
c.transformation = scaling(1, 1.5, 1) * rotation_y(-pi / 4)
return c
def plot_points_on_canvas(ps: List[Point], c: Canvas):
blue = Color(0, 0, 1)
for p in ps:
x, y = int(p.x + c.width / 2), int(p.y + c.height / 2)
print(f'x={x}, y={y}')
if 0 <= x < c.width and 0 <= y < c.height:
c.write_pixel(x, y, blue)
def test_shade_hit_with_transparent_material(self, default_world):
w = default_world
floor = Plane()
floor.transformation = translation(0, -1, 0)
floor.material.transparency = 0.5
floor.material.refractive_index = 1.5
ball = Sphere()
ball.material.color = Color(1, 0, 0)
ball.material.ambient = 0.5
ball.transformation = translation(0, -3.5, -0.5)
w.add(floor, ball)
r = Ray(Point(0, 0, -3), Vector(0, -sqrt(2) / 2, sqrt(2) / 2))
xs = Intersections(Intersection(sqrt(2), floor))
comps = xs[0].prepare_computations(r, xs)
color = w.shade_hit(comps, 5)
assert color == Color(0.93642, 0.68642, 0.68642)
def test_default_material(self):
m = Material()
assert m.color == Color(1, 1, 1)
assert m.ambient == 0.1
assert m.diffuse == 0.9
assert m.specular == 0.9
assert m.shininess == 200.0
def test_pattern_with_both_object_and_pattern_transformation(self):
obj = Sphere()
obj.transformation = scaling(2, 2, 2)
pattern = test_pattern()
pattern.transformation = translation(0.5, 1, 1.5)
c = pattern.pattern_at_shape(obj, Point(2.5, 3, 3.5))
assert c == Color(0.75, 0.5, 0.25)
def test_shading_intersection(self, default_world):
w = default_world
r = Ray(Point(0, 0, -5), Vector(0, 0, 1))
shape = w.objects[0]
i = Intersection(4, shape)
comps = i.prepare_computations(r)
c = w.shade_hit(comps)
assert c == Color(0.38066, 0.47583, 0.2855)
def test_render_world_with_camera(self, default_world):
w = default_world
c = Camera(11, 11, pi / 2)
_from = Point(0, 0, -5)
to = Point(0, 0, 0)
up = Vector(0, 2, 0)
c.transformation = view_transform(_from, to, up)
image = c.render(w)
assert image.pixel_at(5, 5) == Color(0.38066, 0.47583, 0.2855)
def test_shading_intersection_from_inside(self, default_world):
w = default_world
w.light_source = PointLight(Point(0, 0.25, 0), Color.white())
r = Ray(Point(0, 0, 0), Vector(0, 0, 1))
shape = w.objects[1]
i = Intersection(0.5, shape)
comps = i.prepare_computations(r)
c = w.shade_hit(comps)
assert c == Color(0.90498, 0.90498, 0.90498)
def test_splitting_long_lines_in_ppm(self):
c = Canvas(10, 2)
for x in range(c.width):
for y in range(c.height):
c.write_pixel(x, y, Color(1, 0.8, 0.6))
ppm = c.to_ppm()
assert ''.join(ppm[3:]) == "255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204\n"\
"153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153\n" \
"255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204\n"\
"153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153 255 204 153\n"
def test_shade_hit_with_reflective_material(self, default_world):
w = default_world
shape = Plane()
shape.material.reflective = 0.5
shape.transformation = translation(0, -1, 0)
w.add(shape)
r = Ray(Point(0, 0, -3), Vector(0, -sqrt(2) / 2, sqrt(2) / 2))
i = Intersection(sqrt(2), shape)
comps = i.prepare_computations(r)
color = w.shade_hit(comps)
assert color == Color(0.87676, 0.92434, 0.82917)
def test_reflected_color_for_reflective_material(self, default_world):
w = default_world
shape = Plane()
shape.material.reflective = 0.5
shape.transformation = translation(0, -1, 0)
w.add(shape)
r = Ray(Point(0, 0, -3), Vector(0, -sqrt(2) / 2, sqrt(2) / 2))
i = Intersection(sqrt(2), shape)
comps = i.prepare_computations(r)
color = w.reflected_color(comps)
assert color == Color(0.19033, 0.23791, 0.14274)
def default_world():
w = World()
w.light_source = PointLight(Point(-10, 10, -10), Color.white())
s1 = Sphere()
s1.material.color = Color(0.8, 1.0, 0.6)
s1.material.diffuse = 0.7
s1.material.specular = 0.2
s2 = Sphere()
s2.transformation = scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
w.add(s1, s2)
return w
def test_shade_hit_is_given_an_intersection_in_shadow(self):
w = World()
w.light_source = PointLight(Point(0, 0, -10), Color.white())
s1 = Sphere()
s2 = Sphere()
s2.transformation = translation(0, 0, 10)
w.add(s1, s2)
r = Ray(Point(0, 0, 5), Vector(0, 0, 1))
i = Intersection(4, s2)
comps = i.prepare_computations(r)
c = w.shade_hit(comps)
assert c == Color(0.1, 0.1, 0.1)
def test_refracted_color_with_refracted_ray(self, default_world):
w = default_world
a = w.objects[0]
a.material.ambient = 1.0
a.material.pattern = test_pattern()
b = w.objects[1]
b.material.transparency = 1.0
b.material.refractive_index = 1.5
r = Ray(Point(0, 0, 0.1), Vector(0, 1, 0))
xs = Intersections(Intersection(-0.9899, a), Intersection(-0.4899, b),
Intersection(0.4899, b), Intersection(0.9899, a))
comps = xs[2].prepare_computations(r, xs)
c = w.refracted_color(comps, 5)
assert c == Color(0, 0.99888, 0.04722)
def test_multiply_color_by_scalar(self):
c = Color(0.2, 0.3, 0.4)
assert c * 2 == Color(0.4, 0.6, 0.8)
assert 2 * c == Color(0.4, 0.6, 0.8)
def test_lighting_light_behind_surface(self, background):
eyev = Vector(0, 0, -1)
normalv = Vector(0, 0, -1)
light = PointLight(Point(0, 0, 10), Color(1, 1, 1))
result = background['m'].lighting(Sphere(), light, background['position'], eyev, normalv)
assert result == Color(0.1, 0.1, 0.1)
def test_lighting_eye_in_path_of_reflection_vector(self, background):
eyev = Vector(0, -sqrt(2) / 2, -sqrt(2) / 2)
normalv = Vector(0, 0, -1)
light = PointLight(Point(0, 10, -10), Color(1, 1, 1))
result = background['m'].lighting(Sphere(), light, background['position'], eyev, normalv)
assert result == Color(1.6364, 1.6364, 1.6364)
def test_lighting_eye_opposite_surface_light_offset_45(self, background):
eyev = Vector(0, 0, -1)
normalv = Vector(0, 0, -1)
light = PointLight(Point(0, 10, -10), Color(1, 1, 1))
result = background['m'].lighting(Sphere(), light, background['position'], eyev, normalv)
assert result == Color(0.7364, 0.7364, 0.7364)
def test_lighting_with_eye_between_light_and_surface_eye_offset_45(self, background):
eyev = Vector(0, sqrt(2) / 2, -sqrt(2) / 2)
normalv = Vector(0, 0, -1)
light = PointLight(Point(0, 0, -10), Color(1, 1, 1))
result = background['m'].lighting(Sphere(), light, background['position'], eyev, normalv)
assert result == Color(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
from math import pi
from os import sep
from raytracer.camera import Camera
from raytracer.canvas import write_ppm_to_file
from raytracer.lights import PointLight
from raytracer.patterns import *
from raytracer.matrices import scaling, rotation_y, rotation_z, translation, view_transform
from raytracer.scene import World
from raytracer.shapes import Cube, Plane
from raytracer.tuples import Color, Point, Vector
if __name__ == '__main__':
floor = Plane()
floor.material.color = Color(.8, .8, .8)
floor.material.reflective = .2
cube = Cube()
cube.material.color = Color(.8, 0, 0)
cube.material.reflective = .6
cube.transformation = translation(0, 1, 0) * rotation_y(pi / 4)
world = World()
world.add(floor, cube)
world.light_source = PointLight(Point(-10, 10, -10), Color.white())
camera = Camera(160, 120, pi / 3)
camera.transformation = view_transform(Point(0, 1.5, -5), Point(0, 1, 0),
Vector(0, 1, 0))
canvas = camera.render(world)
def pattern_at(self, point: Point) -> Color:
return Color(point.x, point.y, point.z)
def test_gradient_linearly_interpolates_between_colors(self):
pattern = GradientPattern(Color.white(), Color.black())
assert pattern.pattern_at(Point(0, 0, 0)) == Color.white()
assert pattern.pattern_at(Point(0.25, 0, 0)) == Color(0.75, 0.75, 0.75)
assert pattern.pattern_at(Point(0.5, 0, 0)) == Color(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
assert pattern.pattern_at(Point(0.75, 0, 0)) == Color(0.25, 0.25, 0.25)
from math import pi
from os import sep
from raytracer.camera import Camera
from raytracer.canvas import write_ppm_to_file
from raytracer.lights import PointLight
from raytracer.materials import Material
from raytracer.matrices import scaling, rotation_y, rotation_x, translation, view_transform
from raytracer.scene import World
from raytracer.shapes import Sphere, Plane
from raytracer.tuples import Color, Point, Vector
if __name__ == '__main__':
floor = Plane()
floor.material = Material()
floor.material.color = Color(1, 0.9, 0.9)
floor.material.specular = 0
middle = Sphere()
middle.transformation = translation(-0.5, 1, 0.5)
middle.material = Material()
middle.material.color = Color(0.5, 0, 0)
middle.material.diffuse = 0.7
middle.material.specular = 0.3
middle.material.reflective = 1
right = Sphere()
right.transformation = translation(1.5, 0.5, -0.5) * scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
right.material = Material()
right.material.color = Color(0.2, 0.2, 0.8)
right.material.diffuse = 0.7
from math import pi
from os import sep
from raytracer.camera import Camera
from raytracer.canvas import write_ppm_to_file
from raytracer.lights import PointLight
from raytracer.patterns import *
from raytracer.matrices import scaling, rotation_x, rotation_y, rotation_z, translation, view_transform
from raytracer.scene import World
from raytracer.shapes import Cylinder, Plane
from raytracer.tuples import Color, Point, Vector
if __name__ == '__main__':
floor = Plane()
floor.material.color = Color(.8, .8, .8)
floor.material.reflective = .2
cylinder = Cylinder(closed=True)
cylinder.maximum = 0.25
cylinder.material.color = Color(.8, 0, 0)
cylinder.material.reflective = .6
cylinder.transformation = translation(0, 1, 0)
world = World()
world.add(floor, cylinder)
world.light_source = PointLight(Point(-10, 10, -10), Color.white())
camera = Camera(160, 120, pi / 3)
camera.transformation = view_transform(Point(0, 1.5, -5), Point(
0, 1, 0), Vector(0, 1, 0)) * rotation_y(-pi / 4) * rotation_x(-pi / 6)
canvas = camera.render(world)
from math import pi
from os import sep
from raytracer.camera import Camera
from raytracer.canvas import write_ppm_to_file
from raytracer.lights import PointLight
from raytracer.materials import Material
from raytracer.matrices import scaling, rotation_y, rotation_x, translation, view_transform
from raytracer.patterns import CheckersPattern
from raytracer.scene import World
from raytracer.shapes import Sphere, Plane
from raytracer.tuples import Color, Point, Vector
if __name__ == '__main__':
floor = Plane()
floor.material = Material()
floor.material.color = Color(1, 0.9, 0.9)
floor.material.specular = 0
middle = Sphere()
middle.transformation = translation(-0.5, 1, 0.5)
middle.material = Material()
middle.material.pattern = CheckersPattern(Color(0.1, 1, 0.5),
Color(1, 0, 0))
middle.material.pattern.transformation = scaling(0.25, 0.25,
0.5) * rotation_y(pi / 4)
middle.material.diffuse = 0.7
middle.material.specular = 0.3
right = Sphere()
right.transformation = translation(1.5, 0.5, -0.5) * scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
right.material = Material()
def test_multiply_colors(self):
c1 = Color(1, 0.2, 0.4)
c2 = Color(0.9, 1, 0.1)
assert c1 * c2 == Color(0.9, 0.2, 0.04)
from math import pi
from os import sep
from raytracer.camera import Camera
from raytracer.canvas import write_ppm_to_file
from raytracer.lights import PointLight
from raytracer.patterns import *
from raytracer.matrices import scaling, rotation_y, rotation_x, translation, view_transform
from raytracer.scene import World
from raytracer.shapes import Sphere, Plane
from raytracer.tuples import Color, Point, Vector
if __name__ == '__main__':
floor = Plane()
floor.material.color = Color(.1, 1, .1)
floor.material.reflective = 0.9
floor.material.transparency = 1
floor.material.refractive_index = 1.333
under = Sphere()
under.transformation = translation(0, -.5, 0) * scaling(.25, .25, .25)
under.material.color = Color(0, .8, 0)
under.material.refractive_index = 1.5
under.material.ambient = .8
above = Sphere()
above.transformation = translation(1, .5, 0) * scaling(.5, .5, .5)
above.material.color = Color(.2, 0, 0)
above.material.diffuse = .8
above.material.ambient = .5
def test_pattern_with_pattern_transformation(self):
obj = Sphere()
pattern = test_pattern()
pattern.transformation = scaling(2, 2, 2)
c = pattern.pattern_at_shape(obj, Point(2, 3, 4))
assert c == Color(1, 1.5, 2)