def __init__(self, size: tuple = (720, 720)):
"""Bootstrap the application."""
self.scale = calculate_scale(size)
self.screen_size = size
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(self.screen_size, depth=32)
pygame.display.set_icon(self.ICON)
pygame.display.set_caption(self.NAME)
# Load the image in a temp variable,
# then assign it to the attribute (omit long one liner)
main_background = pygame.image.load(asset("background_menu.jpg"))
self.main_background = pygame.transform.scale(main_background,
self.screen_size)
# Bootstrap the notifications.
self.notification = Notification(self.scale[0])
# Audio
self.mixer = Mixer(self.notification)
# Init game as None
self.game = None
def __init__(self, start: tuple, scale: tuple, *containers: sprite.Group):
"""MacGyver default constructor."""
# Override default containers
if containers:
self.containers = containers
# Call the parent constructor.
super().__init__(self.containers)
# The original graphic representation of MacGyver.
self.original_img = pygame.image.load(asset(self.MAC_GYVER))
# Scaled graphic representation of MacGyver.
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.original_img, scale)
# Represent the hitbox and the position of MacGyver.
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
# Place MacGyver on the starting point.
self.rect.topleft = scale_position(start, scale)
# Scale the moves directions of MacGyver.
self._set_scale_moves(scale)
self._old_coordinates = (0, 0)
# Represent the inventory of MacGyver where the items will be stored.
# This inventory must be filled with the three needed items in order
# to put the guardian in sleep.
self.inventory = sprite.Group()
def set_music(self, music_slug, loops=-1):
"""Set a music to play."""
# Fallback with the main theme.
pygame.mixer.music.load(
self.musics.get(music_slug,
asset('sounds/macgyver_theme_song.ogg')))
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(self._musicVolume)
if self.is_muted:
return
else:
pygame.mixer.music.play(loops)
def defeat_screen(screen: pygame.Surface, mixer: Mixer):
"""Draw the defeat screen."""
pygame.display.set_caption('MacGyver Maze - Defeat')
mixer.set_music('defeat')
banner = pygame.transform.scale(
pygame.image.load(asset('defeat_banner.png')), get_screen_size())
next_action = loop_menu(screen, banner, 'defeat', mixer)
if next_action != 'quit':
mixer.set_music('main')
return next_action
def __init__(self, x, y, scale):
super().__init__(self.containers)
# image property is reserved for the scaled image.
self.original_img = pygame.image.load(asset('floor.png'))
# Scaled image must be assigned to the image attribute.
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.original_img, scale)
# Unpack the scale values.
self.width, self.height = scale
# Retrieve the rect of the image.
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
# Assign the coordinates of the floor.
self.rect.topleft = (x * self.width, y * self.height)
def __init__(self, pos: tuple, scale: tuple, *containers: sprite.Group):
"""Needle default constructor.
:param pos A given position where the item will be placed.
"""
# Override default containers if provided.
if containers:
self.containers = containers
# Call the parent constructor.
super().__init__(self.containers)
# The original graphic representation of the Needle.
self.original_img = pygame.image.load(asset(self.item_file))
# Scaled graphic representation of the Needle.
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.original_img, scale)
# Represent the hitbox and the position of the Needle.
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
# Place the item at the given coordinates.
self.rect.topleft = scale_position(pos, scale)
def execute(self):
# Load buttons images.
buttons = {
"play": pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/play.png')),
"help": pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/help.png')),
"quit": pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/quit.png'))
}
# Add a bit of transparency to the buttons,
# we'll make them more opaque when hovering it.
for button in buttons.values():
button.fill((255, 255, 255, 192), None, pygame.BLEND_RGBA_MULT)
# Get the rect of each buttons
btns_rect = {
button: buttons.get(button).get_rect()
for button in buttons
}
# Set the x, y coordinates of the buttons rect.
for i, rect in enumerate(list(btns_rect.values())):
if i == 0:
rect.topleft = (40, get_screen_height() - 450)
else:
precedent = list(btns_rect.values())[i - 1]
rect.topleft = (40, (precedent.y + precedent.height + 10))
# X and Y coordinates of the user mouse cursor at the precedent frame.
precedent_x, precedent_y = None, None
# This is the main menu.
while True:
self.screen.fill(BLACK)
self.screen.blit(self.main_background, (0, 0))
# Display buttons to the screen
for button, rect in zip(buttons.values(), btns_rect.values()):
self.screen.blit(button, rect.topleft)
# X and Y coordinates of the user mouse cursor.
mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
# The button that the mouse is hovering.
# When the user switch to key navigation,
# we'll focus the button where the mouse is hovering.
mouse_hovering = None
# If the mouse perform an action (move or click)
# then leave the keyboard navigation
if self.mouse or mouse_x != precedent_x or mouse_y != precedent_y:
self.key_nav = None
# PLAY button
if (self.key_nav == 0 or (btns_rect.get('play').collidepoint(
(mouse_x, mouse_y)) and self.key_nav is None)):
if self.key_nav is None:
mouse_hovering = 0
# Make the button more opaque when we're hovering it.
hovered(self.screen, buttons['play'], btns_rect['play'])
if self.mouse or (self.key_nav is not None and self.enter_key):
# Initialize the game.
if self.game is None:
self.game = Game(self.screen, self.mixer,
self.notification, self.scale)
# Then execute the game loop.
remove_game = self.game.execute()
# remove_game determines if we cleanup the resources
# that the game instance use.
if remove_game:
self.game = None
# Reset the standard caption.
pygame.display.set_caption(self.NAME)
# HELP button
if (self.key_nav == 1 or (btns_rect.get('help').collidepoint(
(mouse_x, mouse_y)) and self.key_nav is None)):
if self.key_nav is None:
mouse_hovering = 1
hovered(self.screen, buttons['help'], btns_rect['help'])
if self.mouse or self.enter_key:
help_menu(self.screen, self.mixer)
pygame.display.set_caption(self.NAME)
# QUIT button
if (self.key_nav == 2 or (btns_rect.get('quit').collidepoint(
(mouse_x, mouse_y)) and self.key_nav is None)):
if self.key_nav is None:
mouse_hovering = 2
hovered(self.screen, buttons['quit'], btns_rect['quit'])
if self.mouse or self.enter_key:
exit_app()
# Reset the click and enter_key attributes to false for each frame.
self.mouse = False
self.enter_key = False
# Assign the current mouse position. These values will
# determines if the mouse cursor has moved or not.
precedent_x, precedent_y = mouse_x, mouse_y
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[K_DOWN]:
# Start key navigation
if self.key_nav is None:
if mouse_hovering is None:
self.key_nav = 0
else:
self.key_nav = mouse_hovering
# Stay on key navigation...
else:
self.key_nav = (0 if self.key_nav == 2 else
self.key_nav + 1)
if keys[K_UP]:
if self.key_nav is None:
if mouse_hovering is None:
self.key_nav = 0
else:
self.key_nav = mouse_hovering
else:
self.key_nav = (2 if self.key_nav == 0 else
self.key_nav - 1)
# If the user press the enter key
if keys[K_RETURN] or keys[K_KP_ENTER]:
self.enter_key = True
# Handle keys which interact with the audio
self.mixer.keys_interaction(keys)
if event.type == QUIT:
exit_app()
# If the user click somewhere.
if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
self.mouse = True
if self.notification.is_active:
self.notification.render(self.screen)
# Update the display
pygame.display.update()
class App:
"""Represent the entire application."""
# The name of the application.
NAME = "MacGyver Maze"
# The slug name of the application
SLUG_NAME = "macgyver-maze"
# The version of the application.
VERSION = '1.0.2'
# The icon of the application.
ICON = pygame.image.load(asset('tile-crusader-logo.png'))
# Determines if the user click or not.
mouse = False
# The index of the object where the user is.
# If set to None, this mean's that the user is using
# his mouse to navigate throught the menus.
key_nav = None
# Determines if the user press an enter key or not.
enter_key = False
# Scale must be dynamic if resizable is available.
# A specific event handler will manage that.
scale = None
# Screen attributes
screen = None
screen_size = None
def __init__(self, size: tuple = (720, 720)):
"""Bootstrap the application."""
self.scale = calculate_scale(size)
self.screen_size = size
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(self.screen_size, depth=32)
pygame.display.set_icon(self.ICON)
pygame.display.set_caption(self.NAME)
# Load the image in a temp variable,
# then assign it to the attribute (omit long one liner)
main_background = pygame.image.load(asset("background_menu.jpg"))
self.main_background = pygame.transform.scale(main_background,
self.screen_size)
# Bootstrap the notifications.
self.notification = Notification(self.scale[0])
# Audio
self.mixer = Mixer(self.notification)
# Init game as None
self.game = None
def execute(self):
# Load buttons images.
buttons = {
"play": pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/play.png')),
"help": pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/help.png')),
"quit": pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/quit.png'))
}
# Add a bit of transparency to the buttons,
# we'll make them more opaque when hovering it.
for button in buttons.values():
button.fill((255, 255, 255, 192), None, pygame.BLEND_RGBA_MULT)
# Get the rect of each buttons
btns_rect = {
button: buttons.get(button).get_rect()
for button in buttons
}
# Set the x, y coordinates of the buttons rect.
for i, rect in enumerate(list(btns_rect.values())):
if i == 0:
rect.topleft = (40, get_screen_height() - 450)
else:
precedent = list(btns_rect.values())[i - 1]
rect.topleft = (40, (precedent.y + precedent.height + 10))
# X and Y coordinates of the user mouse cursor at the precedent frame.
precedent_x, precedent_y = None, None
# This is the main menu.
while True:
self.screen.fill(BLACK)
self.screen.blit(self.main_background, (0, 0))
# Display buttons to the screen
for button, rect in zip(buttons.values(), btns_rect.values()):
self.screen.blit(button, rect.topleft)
# X and Y coordinates of the user mouse cursor.
mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
# The button that the mouse is hovering.
# When the user switch to key navigation,
# we'll focus the button where the mouse is hovering.
mouse_hovering = None
# If the mouse perform an action (move or click)
# then leave the keyboard navigation
if self.mouse or mouse_x != precedent_x or mouse_y != precedent_y:
self.key_nav = None
# PLAY button
if (self.key_nav == 0 or (btns_rect.get('play').collidepoint(
(mouse_x, mouse_y)) and self.key_nav is None)):
if self.key_nav is None:
mouse_hovering = 0
# Make the button more opaque when we're hovering it.
hovered(self.screen, buttons['play'], btns_rect['play'])
if self.mouse or (self.key_nav is not None and self.enter_key):
# Initialize the game.
if self.game is None:
self.game = Game(self.screen, self.mixer,
self.notification, self.scale)
# Then execute the game loop.
remove_game = self.game.execute()
# remove_game determines if we cleanup the resources
# that the game instance use.
if remove_game:
self.game = None
# Reset the standard caption.
pygame.display.set_caption(self.NAME)
# HELP button
if (self.key_nav == 1 or (btns_rect.get('help').collidepoint(
(mouse_x, mouse_y)) and self.key_nav is None)):
if self.key_nav is None:
mouse_hovering = 1
hovered(self.screen, buttons['help'], btns_rect['help'])
if self.mouse or self.enter_key:
help_menu(self.screen, self.mixer)
pygame.display.set_caption(self.NAME)
# QUIT button
if (self.key_nav == 2 or (btns_rect.get('quit').collidepoint(
(mouse_x, mouse_y)) and self.key_nav is None)):
if self.key_nav is None:
mouse_hovering = 2
hovered(self.screen, buttons['quit'], btns_rect['quit'])
if self.mouse or self.enter_key:
exit_app()
# Reset the click and enter_key attributes to false for each frame.
self.mouse = False
self.enter_key = False
# Assign the current mouse position. These values will
# determines if the mouse cursor has moved or not.
precedent_x, precedent_y = mouse_x, mouse_y
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[K_DOWN]:
# Start key navigation
if self.key_nav is None:
if mouse_hovering is None:
self.key_nav = 0
else:
self.key_nav = mouse_hovering
# Stay on key navigation...
else:
self.key_nav = (0 if self.key_nav == 2 else
self.key_nav + 1)
if keys[K_UP]:
if self.key_nav is None:
if mouse_hovering is None:
self.key_nav = 0
else:
self.key_nav = mouse_hovering
else:
self.key_nav = (2 if self.key_nav == 0 else
self.key_nav - 1)
# If the user press the enter key
if keys[K_RETURN] or keys[K_KP_ENTER]:
self.enter_key = True
# Handle keys which interact with the audio
self.mixer.keys_interaction(keys)
if event.type == QUIT:
exit_app()
# If the user click somewhere.
if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
self.mouse = True
if self.notification.is_active:
self.notification.render(self.screen)
# Update the display
pygame.display.update()
class Mixer:
"""Class which manage all audios of the application."""
# Section of the config file which this class manipulate.
SECTION = 'Audio'
# Determines if the audio is muted or not
__is_muted = bool(settings('Audio', 'muted'))
# Volume of the musics.
_musicVolume = settings('Audio', 'music_volume')
# TODO:
# replace by # settings('Audio', 'sound_volume') when sound is handled.
# Volume of the sounds.
_soundVolume = settings('Audio', 'music_volume')
# Dict which contains every musics path of the game.
musics = {
'main': asset("sounds/macgyver_theme_song.ogg"),
'victory': asset("sounds/victory_fanfare.ogg"),
'defeat': asset("sounds/defeat_theme.ogg"),
}
# Dict which contains every sounds of the game.
sounds = {
'dummy_sound': asset("sounds/dummy_sound.ogg"),
'wilhelm_scream': asset("sounds/wilhelm_scream.ogg"),
}
@property
def is_muted(self):
"""Return the boolean which determine if the audio is muted or not."""
return self.__is_muted
@is_muted.setter
def is_muted(self, value: int):
"""Set a new state for the mute status and save it to the config."""
self.__is_muted = bool(value)
write_config(section=self.SECTION, key='muted', value=value)
@property
def music_volume(self):
"""Retrieve the volume of musics."""
return self._musicVolume
@music_volume.setter
def music_volume(self, value):
"""Increment/decrement the volume of musics."""
new_volume = self._musicVolume + value
if self.__is_audio_value(new_volume):
self._musicVolume += value
elif new_volume > 1:
self._musicVolume = 1
else:
self._musicVolume = 0.00
write_config(self.SECTION, key='music_volume', value=self._musicVolume)
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(self.music_volume)
@property
def sound_volume(self):
"""Increment/decrement the volume of sounds."""
return self._soundVolume
@sound_volume.setter
def sound_volume(self, value):
"""Set a new volume for sounds."""
if self.__is_audio_value(self._musicVolume + value):
self._soundVolume += value
write_config(self.SECTION, 'sound_volume', self._soundVolume)
def __init__(self, notification: Notification = None):
"""Initialize the game mixer."""
pygame.mixer.pre_init(
# The audio frequency.
frequency=44100,
# How many bits used for audio samples.
# negative value means that the signed sample values will be used.
size=-1,
# 1 for mono, 2 for stereo.
channels=2,
# A low buffer makes sounds play (essentially) immediatly.
buffer=512)
# Initialize sounds after the pre initialization of the mixer.
for path in self.sounds.keys():
self.sounds[path] = pygame.mixer.Sound(self.sounds[path])
self.notification = notification
# Music of the main menu.
self.set_music('main')
def set_music(self, music_slug, loops=-1):
"""Set a music to play."""
# Fallback with the main theme.
pygame.mixer.music.load(
self.musics.get(music_slug,
asset('sounds/macgyver_theme_song.ogg')))
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(self._musicVolume)
if self.is_muted:
return
else:
pygame.mixer.music.play(loops)
def play_sound(self, sound_slug):
"""Play a sound. Fallback with a dummy sound if given doesn't exist."""
if self.is_muted:
return
# Retrieve the sound
sound = self.sounds.get(sound_slug, self.sounds['dummy_sound'])
# Set the volume based on the local settings.
sound.set_volume(self.sound_volume)
# Play the sound
sound.play()
def toggle(self):
"""Toggle the mute state."""
if self.is_muted:
self.__unmute()
else:
self.__mute()
def keys_interaction(self, keys):
"""Handle keys which interact with the audio"""
if keys[K_F1]:
self.toggle()
# String representation of mute status
mute_status = 'muted' if self.is_muted else 'unmuted'
self.notification.active('volume', mute_status).set_timer(1)
if keys[K_KP_PLUS] or keys[K_KP_MINUS]:
step = 0.1 if keys[K_KP_PLUS] else -0.1
# Decrement/increment the volume by 0.1 (10%)
self.music_volume = step
# A volume "human readable" representation as %
percent = int(self.music_volume * 100)
self.notification.active('volume', percent).set_timer(1)
def __mute(self):
"""Mute audio."""
pygame.mixer.music.fadeout(0)
self.is_muted = 1
def __unmute(self):
"""Unmute the audio."""
pygame.mixer.music.play()
self.is_muted = 0
@staticmethod
def __is_audio_value(value):
"""Verify if the given value is a correct value for an audio level.
A valid value is greater or equal than 0 and less or equal than 1.
"""
return 1 >= value >= 0
def loop_menu(screen: Surface, banner: Surface, menu_type: str, mixer: Mixer):
"""Handle events of the victory/defeat menus."""
running = True
next_action = None
# near to the bottom of the screen.
offset_buttons_y = get_screen_height() * 0.80
buttons_margin = 20
# Initialize buttons
original_back_button = pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/back.png'))
original_exit_button = pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/exit_game.png'))
# Scale size of buttons
back_button = pygame.transform.scale(
original_back_button,
(int(get_screen_width() / 4), original_back_button.get_height()))
exit_button = pygame.transform.scale(
original_exit_button,
(int(get_screen_width() / 4), original_exit_button.get_height()))
# Initialize retry button variables
retry_button = None
retry_rect = None
exit_button.fill((255, 255, 255, 192), None, pygame.BLEND_RGBA_MULT)
back_button.fill((255, 255, 255, 192), None, pygame.BLEND_RGBA_MULT)
back_rect = back_button.get_rect()
exit_rect = exit_button.get_rect()
if menu_type == 'defeat':
# We'll display the retry button only when the user doesn't win.
original_retry_button = pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/retry.png'))
retry_button = pygame.transform.scale(
original_retry_button, (int(get_screen_width() / 4), 70))
retry_button.fill((255, 255, 255, 192), None, pygame.BLEND_RGBA_MULT)
retry_rect = retry_button.get_rect()
retry_rect.topleft = (get_screen_width() / 2 - (retry_rect.width / 2),
offset_buttons_y)
back_rect.topleft = (buttons_margin, offset_buttons_y)
exit_rect.topleft = (get_screen_width() - exit_rect.width - buttons_margin,
offset_buttons_y)
# Initialize click at False
click = False
while running:
# X and Y coordinates of the user mouse cursor.
mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
screen.blit(banner, (0, 0))
screen.blit(back_button, back_rect.topleft)
screen.blit(exit_button, exit_rect.topleft)
# Draw the retry button
if retry_rect is not None:
screen.blit(retry_button, retry_rect.topleft)
if retry_rect.collidepoint((mouse_x, mouse_y)):
hovered(screen, retry_button, retry_rect)
if click:
running = False
next_action = 'retry'
if back_rect.collidepoint((mouse_x, mouse_y)):
hovered(screen, back_button, back_rect)
if click:
running = False
next_action = 'back'
if exit_rect.collidepoint((mouse_x, mouse_y)):
hovered(screen, exit_button, exit_rect)
if click:
running = False
next_action = 'quit'
if running:
click, running, next_action = handle_keys_event(mixer, next_action)
if mixer.notification.is_active:
mixer.notification.render(screen)
pygame.display.update()
return next_action
def help_menu(screen: pygame.Surface, mixer: Mixer):
running = True
# Create the background of the menu (transparent black)
background = pygame.Surface((get_screen_width(), get_screen_height()))
background.set_alpha(240)
background.fill(BLACK)
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
pygame.display.set_caption('MacGyver Maze - Options')
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 50)
back_button = pygame.image.load(asset('buttons/back.png'))
back_button.fill((255, 255, 255, 192), None, BLEND_RGBA_MULT)
back_button_rect = back_button.get_rect()
back_button_rect.topleft = (get_screen_width() / 2 -
(back_button_rect.width / 2),
get_screen_height() - back_button_rect.height -
MARGIN)
# Y offset for lines
offset_line1 = LINE_SPACING
offset_line2 = offset_line1 + LINE_SPACING
offset_line3 = offset_line2 + LINE_SPACING
offset_line4 = offset_line3 + LINE_SPACING
# Initialize each key image and associate coordinates for each image.
# Line 1 - Start with arrow keys.
# These will be displayed with the same layout as on a standard keyboard.
key_left = pygame.image.load(asset('keys/key_left.png'))
key_left_rect = key_left.get_rect()
key_left_rect.topleft = (MARGIN, offset_line1)
key_down = pygame.image.load(asset('keys/key_down.png'))
key_down_rect = key_down.get_rect()
key_down_rect.topleft = (key_left_rect.right, offset_line1)
key_up = pygame.image.load(asset('keys/key_up.png'))
key_up_rect = key_up.get_rect()
key_up_rect.topleft = (key_down_rect.left,
(offset_line1 - key_down_rect.height))
key_right = pygame.image.load(asset('keys/key_right.png'))
key_right_rect = key_right.get_rect()
key_right_rect.topleft = (key_down_rect.right, offset_line1)
# Line 2 - C key
key_c = pygame.image.load(asset('keys/key_c.png'))
key_c_rect = key_c.get_rect()
key_c_rect.topleft = (MARGIN, offset_line2)
# Line 3 - F1 key
key_f1 = pygame.image.load(asset('keys/key_f1.png'))
key_f1_rect = key_f1.get_rect()
key_f1_rect.topleft = (MARGIN, offset_line3)
# Line 4 - numeric keys - & +
key_minus = pygame.image.load(asset('keys/key_n_minus.png'))
key_minus_rect = key_minus.get_rect()
key_minus_rect.topleft = (MARGIN, offset_line4)
key_plus = pygame.image.load(asset('keys/key_n_plus.png'))
key_plus_rect = key_plus.get_rect()
key_plus_rect.topleft = (key_minus_rect.right, offset_line4)
# Now, create a caption for each key
# Arrow keys caption
arrow_keys_caption = font.render("Move MacGyver", True, WHITE)
arrow_keys_caption_rect = arrow_keys_caption.get_rect()
arrow_keys_caption_rect.topleft = (key_right_rect.right + MARGIN,
offset_line1),
# Get the X axis of the first caption,
# we'll align every captions based on this one.
offset_caption_x = arrow_keys_caption_rect.left
# C key caption
key_c_caption = font.render("Craft the syringe", True, WHITE)
key_c_caption_rect = key_c_caption.get_rect()
key_c_caption_rect.topleft = (offset_caption_x, offset_line2)
# F1 key caption
f1_key_caption = font.render("Mute/unmute the volume", True, WHITE)
f1_key_caption_rect = f1_key_caption.get_rect()
f1_key_caption_rect.topleft = (offset_caption_x, offset_line3)
# -/+ key caption
volume_key_caption = font.render("Increase/decrease volume", True, WHITE)
volume_key_caption_rect = volume_key_caption.get_rect()
volume_key_caption_rect.topleft = (offset_caption_x, offset_line4)
# Initialize click variable which
# will determines if the user click or not.
click = False
while running:
# Blit each images to the screen.
screen.blits([
# Back button
(back_button, back_button_rect.topleft),
# Arrow key images
(key_up, key_up_rect.topleft),
(key_left, key_left_rect.topleft),
(key_down, key_down_rect.topleft),
(key_right, key_right_rect.topleft),
# other keys (C, F1, etc...)
(key_c, key_c_rect.topleft),
(key_f1, key_f1_rect.topleft),
(key_minus, key_minus_rect),
(key_plus, key_plus_rect),
# captions
(arrow_keys_caption, arrow_keys_caption_rect.topleft),
(key_c_caption, key_c_caption_rect.topleft),
(f1_key_caption, f1_key_caption_rect),
(volume_key_caption, volume_key_caption_rect),
])
# X and Y coordinates of the user mouse cursor.
mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if back_button_rect.collidepoint((mouse_x, mouse_y)):
# Make the button more opaque when we're hovering it.
hovered(screen, back_button, back_button_rect)
if click:
# We'll leave the menu
running = False
if running:
click, running, _ = handle_keys_event(mixer)
pygame.display.update()
return