def IdealTRange(self, *args):
""" Returns the total (EM+ICE)thrust range at which the powerplant
can run the ICE at ideal rps"""
if len(args) == 0:
v = self.V()
h = self.x2[self.n]
else:
v = args[0]
h = args[1]
lower = PropTFun(v, self.PP['idealICErps'], h)[0]
upper = (PropTFun(v, self.PP['maxEMrps'], h) + lower)[0]
return lower, upper
def FindConstraints():
"""
Calculates the maximum horizontal and vertical velocities and height which the power-plant
can achieve. These are stored in a global 3x30 array called limits
Returns
-------
None.
"""
global limits
print(['limits' in globals()])
print(['limits' in locals()])
limits = np.zeros((3, 15**2)) # (maxv1, maxv2, maxHeight)
print(['limits' in globals()])
print(['limits' in locals()])
v1Array = np.linspace(10, 50, 15)
hArray = np.linspace(100, 6000, 15)
s = simulate(10e7)
counter = 0
for hndex, h in enumerate(hArray):
for index, i in enumerate(v1Array):
T = 0
maxThrust = 1
v2 = 0
while T < maxThrust:
v2 += 0.5
v = math.sqrt(i**2 + v2**2)
maxThrust = float(
PropTFun(v, PP['ICEMaprps'][-1], h) +
PropTFun(v, PP['maxEMrps'], h))
T = float(AnalyticalFindTP(s, h, i, v2)[0])
limits[0, counter] = i
limits[1, counter] = v2 - 0.5
limits[2, counter] = h
counter += 1
return limits
def AllocateThrust(self):
"""
RB controller. Determines the ICE and EM speeds and thrust by applying a set
of rules around the ICE speed which produces the highest efficiency. If excess thrust
is demanded, the RBOut attribute array is flagged with a 4 at the relevant n value
Returns
-------
None.
"""
v = self.V()
h = self.x2[self.n]
thrustRequest = self.thrust[self.n]
idealICEThrust = PropTFun(v, self.PP['idealICErps'], h)
maxICEThrust = PropTFun(v, self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1], h)
maxEMThrust = PropTFun(v, self.PP['maxEMrps'], h)
# print('Requested Thrust =', thrustRequest)
# print('Max EM thrust available=', maxEMThrust[0])
# print('Max ICE thrust available=', maxICEThrust[0])
# use a guess which would produce the ideal J for the prop eff
rpsGuess = v / (self.PP['D'] * self.PP['optJ'])
if rpsGuess < 10:
rpsGuess = 10
# warn if thrust cannot be given, then set the rpm to the necessary value
# this will be filtered out later and converted to a disproportionately high energy cost
if thrustRequest > maxICEThrust + maxEMThrust:
print('\nWARNING: THE THRUST REQUESTED IS NOT AVAILABLE.',
thrustRequest, 'N were requested but only',
maxICEThrust + maxEMThrust, 'are available')
print('Current velocity:', self.V(), '\n')
excess = thrustRequest - maxICEThrust - maxEMThrust
ICEThrust = maxICEThrust + excess / 2
EMThrust = maxEMThrust + excess / 2
try:
ICErps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - ICEThrust,
self.PP['ICEMaprps'][0],
self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1] * 2)
except ValueError:
ICErps = self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1]
try:
EMrps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - EMThrust, 0,
self.PP['maxEMrps'] * 2)
except ValueError:
EMrps = self.PP['maxEMrps']
# flag to dramatically increase thrust demand
self.RBOut[self.n] = 4
# use max EM thrust and lowest possible ICE thrust
elif thrustRequest > idealICEThrust + maxEMThrust:
EMThrust = maxEMThrust
ICEThrust = thrustRequest - EMThrust
EMrps = self.PP['maxEMrps']
ICErps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - ICEThrust,
self.PP['ICEMaprps'][0], self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1])
self.RBOut[self.n] = 3
# use ideal ICE thrust and the rest is EM power
elif thrustRequest > idealICEThrust:
ICEThrust = idealICEThrust
EMThrust = thrustRequest - ICEThrust
ICErps = self.PP['idealICErps']
EMrps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - EMThrust, 0,
self.PP['maxEMrps'])
self.RBOut[self.n] = 2
# use only ICE
elif thrustRequest <= idealICEThrust and thrustRequest > 0:
ICEThrust = thrustRequest
EMThrust = 0
EMrps = 0
# if the thrust is tiny, set it to zero
if PropTFun(v, 1, h) - ICEThrust > 0:
ICEThrust = 0
ICErps = 0
self.RBOut[self.n] = 0
else:
ICErps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - ICEThrust, 1,
self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1])
self.RBOut[self.n] = 1
# plant is off
elif thrustRequest == 0:
ICEThrust = 0
EMThrust = 0
EMrps = 0
ICErps = 0
self.RBOut[self.n] = 0
self.EMrps[self.n] = EMrps
self.ICErps[self.n] = ICErps
self.EMThrust[self.n] = EMThrust
self.ICEThrust[self.n] = ICEThrust
def AllocateThrust(self):
v = self.V()
h = self.x2[self.n]
thrustRequest = self.thrust[self.n]
idealICEThrust = PropTFun(v, self.PP['idealICErps'], h)
maxICEThrust = PropTFun(v, self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1], h)
maxEMThrust = PropTFun(v, self.PP['maxEMrps'], h)
# print('Requested Thrust =', thrustRequest)
# print('Max EM thrust available=', maxEMThrust[0])
# print('Max ICE thrust available=', maxICEThrust[0])
# use a guess which would produce the ideal J for the prop eff
rpsGuess = v / (self.PP['D'] * self.PP['optJ'])
if rpsGuess < 10:
rpsGuess = 10
# warn if thrust cannot be given, then set the rpm to the necessary value
# this will be filtered out later and converted to a disproportionately high energy cost
if thrustRequest > maxICEThrust + maxEMThrust:
print('\nWARNING: THE THRUST REQUESTED IS NOT AVAILABLE.',
thrustRequest, 'N were requested but only',
maxICEThrust + maxEMThrust, 'are available')
print('Current velocity:', self.V(), '\n')
excess = thrustRequest - maxICEThrust - maxEMThrust
ICEThrust = maxICEThrust + excess / 2
EMThrust = maxEMThrust + excess / 2
try:
ICErps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - ICEThrust,
self.PP['ICEMaprps'][0],
self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1] * 2)
except ValueError:
ICErps = self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1]
try:
EMrps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - EMThrust, 0,
self.PP['maxEMrps'] * 2)
except ValueError:
EMrps = self.PP['maxEMrps']
self.RBOut[self.n] = 4
# use max EM thrust and lowest possible ICE thrust
elif thrustRequest > idealICEThrust + maxEMThrust:
EMThrust = maxEMThrust
ICEThrust = thrustRequest - EMThrust
EMrps = self.PP['maxEMrps']
ICErps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - ICEThrust,
self.PP['ICEMaprps'][0], self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1])
self.RBOut[self.n] = 3
# use ideal ICE thrust and the rest is EM power
elif thrustRequest > idealICEThrust:
ICEThrust = idealICEThrust
EMThrust = thrustRequest - ICEThrust
ICErps = self.PP['idealICErps']
EMrps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - EMThrust, 0,
self.PP['maxEMrps'])
self.RBOut[self.n] = 2
# use only ICE
elif thrustRequest <= idealICEThrust and thrustRequest > 0:
ICEThrust = thrustRequest
EMThrust = 0
EMrps = 0
# if the thrust is tiny, set it to zero
if PropTFun(v, 1, h) - ICEThrust > 0:
ICEThrust = 0
ICErps = 0
self.RBOut[self.n] = 0
else:
ICErps = brentq(lambda rps: PropTFun(v, rps, h) - ICEThrust, 1,
self.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1])
self.RBOut[self.n] = 1
# plant is off
elif thrustRequest == 0:
ICEThrust = 0
EMThrust = 0
EMrps = 0
ICErps = 0
self.RBOut[self.n] = 0
self.EMrps[self.n] = EMrps
self.ICErps[self.n] = ICErps
self.EMThrust[self.n] = EMThrust
self.ICEThrust[self.n] = ICEThrust
def TakeOff(s, minimizeTOD=False, fullOutput=True):
# liftoff velocity at 0 angle of attack
vlo = VLO(s)
# make sure the plane can actually take off before proceeding
if s.time != 0 or s.n != 0 or\
s.x2[s.n] != 0:
raise ValueError('The aircraft is not at take-off conditions')
if fullOutput:
print('\n----------')
print('-- Take Off --\n')
print('Expected liftoff v: ', round(VLO(s, 8), 2), ' m/s')
print('\n')
# take off at maximum thrust
if minimizeTOD:
s.runtime = 1
s.steps = 2
h = 0
# add maximum thrusts
T = PropTFun(vlo, s.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1], 0) + PropTFun(
vlo, s.PP['maxEMrps'], 0)
s.TShape = 'const'
s.pitchShape = 'const'
while h <= 0:
if s.V() > vlo:
print('Readjusting liftoff velocity')
T = PropTFun(s.V() * 1.2, PP['ICEMapShaftrps[-1]'], 0) \
+ PropTFun(s.V() * 1.2, PP['maxEMrps'], 0)
s.TShape = 'const'
s.TShape = 'const'
s.pitchShape = 'const'
s.TCeiling = Sigmoid(s.time, 0, T, 0, 10)
s.pitchCeiling = Sigmoid(s.time, 0, AC['maxPitch'], 0, 5)
h = s.x2[s.n]
s.RunInterval()
# run at max EM thrust plus ideal ICE thrust
else:
# set thrust to 90% of the upper limit to run the ICE at ideal rps
T = s.IdealTRange(vlo, 0)[1] * 0.9
s.runtime = 1
s.steps = 2
s.TShape = 'const'
s.pitchShape = 'const'
h = s.x2[s.n]
while h <= 0:
if s.V() > vlo:
print('Readjusting liftoff velocity')
T = PropTFun(s.V() * 1.2, s.PP['ICEMaprps'][-1], 0)\
+ PropTFun(s.V() * 1.2, s.PP['maxEMrps'], 0)
s.TShape = 'const'
s.TCeiling = T
s.TShape = 'const'
s.pitchShape = 'const'
s.TCeiling = Sigmoid(s.time, 0, T, 0, 10)
s.pitchCeiling = Sigmoid(s.time, 0, AC['maxPitch'], 0, 5)
h = s.x2[s.n]
s.RunInterval()
if fullOutput:
print('Lift off achieved in ', s.time, 's, ', '\n x1=',
round(s.x1[s.n], 2), 'm | v1 =', round(s.v1[s.n], 2),
'm/s', '\n x2=', round(s.x2[s.n], 2), 'm | v2 =',
round(s.v2[s.n], 2), 'm/s', '\n thrust =',
round(s.thrust[s.n - 1], 2), 'N | pitch =',
round(s.pitch[s.n - 1], 2), 'degrees')
print('--------')