Esempio n. 1
0
def _vintersect_sphcyl_ellip(rs, rc, b):
    """
    The cases for which evaluating the volume of intersection of a sphere with a cylinder
    makes use of elliptic integrals.

    """
    rs3 = rs ** 3
    bprc = b + rc
    bmrc = b - rc
    A = max(rs ** 2, bprc ** 2)
    B = min(rs ** 2, bprc ** 2)
    C = bmrc ** 2
    AB = A - B
    AC = A - C
    BC = B - C
    k2 = BC / AC
    s = bprc * bmrc
    e1 = ellipk(k2)
    e2 = ellipe(k2)

    if bmrc == 0:
        if rs == bprc:
            vi = - 4. / 3 * AC ** 0.5 * (s + 2. / 3 * AC)
        elif rs < bprc:
            vi = 4. / 3 / A ** 0.5 * (e1 * AB * (3 * B - 2 * A) +
                                      e2 * A * (2 * A - 4 * B)) / 3
        else:
            vi = 4. / 3 / A ** 0.5 * (e1 * AB * A -
                                      e2 * A * (4 * A - 2 * B)) / 3
    else:
        a2 = 1 - B / C
        e3 = elliptic_pi(a2, k2)

        if rs == bprc:
            vi = (4. / 3 * rs3 * np.arctan(2 * (b * rc) ** 0.5 / bmrc) -
                  4. / 3 * AC ** 0.5 * (s + 2. / 3 * AC))
        elif rs < bprc:
            vi = (4. / 3 / AC ** 0.5 *
                  (e3 * B ** 2 * s / C +
                   e1 * (s * (A - 2. * B) + AB * (3 * B - C - 2 * A) / 3) +
                   e2 * AC * (-s + (2 * A + 2 * C - 4 * B) / 3)))
        else:
            vi = 4. / 3 / AC ** 0.5 * (e3 * A ** 2 * s / C -
                                       e1 * (A * s - AB * AC / 3.) -
                                       e2 * AC * (s + (4. * A - 2 * B - 2 * C) / 3))
    return vi
Esempio n. 2
0
def _vintersect_sphcyl_ellip(rs, rc, b):
    """
    The cases for which evaluating the volume of intersection of a sphere with a cylinder
    makes use of elliptic integrals.

    """
    rs3 = rs**3
    bprc = b + rc
    bmrc = b - rc
    A = max(rs**2, bprc**2)
    B = min(rs**2, bprc**2)
    C = bmrc**2
    AB = A - B
    AC = A - C
    BC = B - C
    k2 = BC / AC
    s = bprc * bmrc
    e1 = ellipk(k2)
    e2 = ellipe(k2)

    if bmrc == 0:
        if rs == bprc:
            vi = -4. / 3 * AC**0.5 * (s + 2. / 3 * AC)
        elif rs < bprc:
            vi = 4. / 3 / A**0.5 * (e1 * AB * (3 * B - 2 * A) + e2 * A *
                                    (2 * A - 4 * B)) / 3
        else:
            vi = 4. / 3 / A**0.5 * (e1 * AB * A - e2 * A * (4 * A - 2 * B)) / 3
    else:
        a2 = 1 - B / C
        e3 = elliptic_pi(a2, k2)

        if rs == bprc:
            vi = (4. / 3 * rs3 * np.arctan(2 * (b * rc)**0.5 / bmrc) -
                  4. / 3 * AC**0.5 * (s + 2. / 3 * AC))
        elif rs < bprc:
            vi = (4. / 3 / AC**0.5 * (e3 * B**2 * s / C + e1 *
                                      (s * (A - 2. * B) + AB *
                                       (3 * B - C - 2 * A) / 3) + e2 * AC *
                                      (-s + (2 * A + 2 * C - 4 * B) / 3)))
        else:
            vi = 4. / 3 / AC**0.5 * (e3 * A**2 * s / C - e1 *
                                     (A * s - AB * AC / 3.) - e2 * AC *
                                     (s + (4. * A - 2 * B - 2 * C) / 3))
    return vi
Esempio n. 3
0
def test_latex_functions():
    assert latex(exp(x)) == "e^{x}"
    assert latex(exp(1) + exp(2)) == "e + e^{2}"

    f = Function('f')
    assert latex(f(x)) == r'f{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(f) == r'f'

    g = Function('g')
    assert latex(g(x, y)) == r'g{\left (x,y \right )}'
    assert latex(g) == r'g'

    h = Function('h')
    assert latex(h(x, y, z)) == r'h{\left (x,y,z \right )}'
    assert latex(h) == r'h'

    Li = Function('Li')
    assert latex(Li) == r'\operatorname{Li}'
    assert latex(Li(x)) == r'\operatorname{Li}{\left (x \right )}'

    beta = Function('beta')

    # not to be confused with the beta function
    assert latex(beta(x)) == r"\beta{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(beta) == r"\beta"

    assert latex(sin(x)) == r"\sin{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(sin(x), fold_func_brackets=True) == r"\sin {x}"
    assert latex(sin(2*x**2), fold_func_brackets=True) == \
        r"\sin {2 x^{2}}"
    assert latex(sin(x**2), fold_func_brackets=True) == \
        r"\sin {x^{2}}"

    assert latex(asin(x)**2) == r"\operatorname{asin}^{2}{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(asin(x)**2, inv_trig_style="full") == \
        r"\arcsin^{2}{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(asin(x)**2, inv_trig_style="power") == \
        r"\sin^{-1}{\left (x \right )}^{2}"
    assert latex(asin(x**2), inv_trig_style="power",
                 fold_func_brackets=True) == \
        r"\sin^{-1} {x^{2}}"

    assert latex(factorial(k)) == r"k!"
    assert latex(factorial(-k)) == r"\left(- k\right)!"

    assert latex(subfactorial(k)) == r"!k"
    assert latex(subfactorial(-k)) == r"!\left(- k\right)"

    assert latex(factorial2(k)) == r"k!!"
    assert latex(factorial2(-k)) == r"\left(- k\right)!!"

    assert latex(binomial(2, k)) == r"{\binom{2}{k}}"

    assert latex(
        FallingFactorial(3, k)) == r"{\left(3\right)}_{\left(k\right)}"
    assert latex(RisingFactorial(3, k)) == r"{\left(3\right)}^{\left(k\right)}"

    assert latex(floor(x)) == r"\lfloor{x}\rfloor"
    assert latex(ceiling(x)) == r"\lceil{x}\rceil"
    assert latex(Min(x, 2, x**3)) == r"\min\left(2, x, x^{3}\right)"
    assert latex(Min(x, y)**2) == r"\min\left(x, y\right)^{2}"
    assert latex(Max(x, 2, x**3)) == r"\max\left(2, x, x^{3}\right)"
    assert latex(Max(x, y)**2) == r"\max\left(x, y\right)^{2}"
    assert latex(Abs(x)) == r"\left\lvert{x}\right\rvert"
    assert latex(re(x)) == r"\Re{x}"
    assert latex(re(x + y)) == r"\Re{x} + \Re{y}"
    assert latex(im(x)) == r"\Im{x}"
    assert latex(conjugate(x)) == r"\overline{x}"
    assert latex(gamma(x)) == r"\Gamma\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(Order(x)) == r"\mathcal{O}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(lowergamma(x, y)) == r'\gamma\left(x, y\right)'
    assert latex(uppergamma(x, y)) == r'\Gamma\left(x, y\right)'

    assert latex(cot(x)) == r'\cot{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(coth(x)) == r'\coth{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(re(x)) == r'\Re{x}'
    assert latex(im(x)) == r'\Im{x}'
    assert latex(root(x, y)) == r'x^{\frac{1}{y}}'
    assert latex(arg(x)) == r'\arg{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(zeta(x)) == r'\zeta\left(x\right)'

    assert latex(zeta(x)) == r"\zeta\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(zeta(x)**2) == r"\zeta^{2}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(zeta(x, y)) == r"\zeta\left(x, y\right)"
    assert latex(zeta(x, y)**2) == r"\zeta^{2}\left(x, y\right)"
    assert latex(dirichlet_eta(x)) == r"\eta\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(dirichlet_eta(x)**2) == r"\eta^{2}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(polylog(x, y)) == r"\operatorname{Li}_{x}\left(y\right)"
    assert latex(
        polylog(x, y)**2) == r"\operatorname{Li}_{x}^{2}\left(y\right)"
    assert latex(lerchphi(x, y, n)) == r"\Phi\left(x, y, n\right)"
    assert latex(lerchphi(x, y, n)**2) == r"\Phi^{2}\left(x, y, n\right)"

    assert latex(elliptic_k(z)) == r"K\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_k(z)**2) == r"K^{2}\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_f(x, y)) == r"F\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_f(x, y)**2) == r"F^{2}\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(x, y)) == r"E\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(x, y)**2) == r"E^{2}\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(z)) == r"E\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(z)**2) == r"E^{2}\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y, z)) == r"\Pi\left(x; y\middle| z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y, z)**2) == \
        r"\Pi^{2}\left(x; y\middle| z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y)) == r"\Pi\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y)**2) == r"\Pi^{2}\left(x\middle| y\right)"

    assert latex(Ei(x)) == r'\operatorname{Ei}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Ei(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Ei}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(expint(x, y)**2) == r'\operatorname{E}_{x}^{2}\left(y\right)'
    assert latex(Shi(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Shi}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Si(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Si}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Ci(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Ci}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Chi(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Chi}^{2}{\left (x \right )}', latex(Chi(x)**2)

    assert latex(
        jacobi(n, a, b, x)) == r'P_{n}^{\left(a,b\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(jacobi(n, a, b, x)**2) == r'\left(P_{n}^{\left(a,b\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(
        gegenbauer(n, a, x)) == r'C_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(gegenbauer(n, a, x)**2) == r'\left(C_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(chebyshevt(n, x)) == r'T_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(
        chebyshevt(n, x)**2) == r'\left(T_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(chebyshevu(n, x)) == r'U_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(
        chebyshevu(n, x)**2) == r'\left(U_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(legendre(n, x)) == r'P_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(legendre(n, x)**2) == r'\left(P_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(
        assoc_legendre(n, a, x)) == r'P_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(assoc_legendre(n, a, x)**2) == r'\left(P_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(laguerre(n, x)) == r'L_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(laguerre(n, x)**2) == r'\left(L_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(
        assoc_laguerre(n, a, x)) == r'L_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(assoc_laguerre(n, a, x)**2) == r'\left(L_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(hermite(n, x)) == r'H_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(hermite(n, x)**2) == r'\left(H_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'

    theta = Symbol("theta", real=True)
    phi = Symbol("phi", real=True)
    assert latex(Ynm(n,m,theta,phi)) == r'Y_{n}^{m}\left(\theta,\phi\right)'
    assert latex(Ynm(n, m, theta, phi)**3) == r'\left(Y_{n}^{m}\left(\theta,\phi\right)\right)^{3}'
    assert latex(Znm(n,m,theta,phi)) == r'Z_{n}^{m}\left(\theta,\phi\right)'
    assert latex(Znm(n, m, theta, phi)**3) == r'\left(Z_{n}^{m}\left(\theta,\phi\right)\right)^{3}'

    # Test latex printing of function names with "_"
    assert latex(
        polar_lift(0)) == r"\operatorname{polar\_lift}{\left (0 \right )}"
    assert latex(polar_lift(
        0)**3) == r"\operatorname{polar\_lift}^{3}{\left (0 \right )}"

    assert latex(totient(n)) == r'\phi\left( n \right)'

    # some unknown function name should get rendered with \operatorname
    fjlkd = Function('fjlkd')
    assert latex(fjlkd(x)) == r'\operatorname{fjlkd}{\left (x \right )}'
    # even when it is referred to without an argument
    assert latex(fjlkd) == r'\operatorname{fjlkd}'
Esempio n. 4
0
def test_latex_functions():
    assert latex(exp(x)) == "e^{x}"
    assert latex(exp(1) + exp(2)) == "e + e^{2}"

    f = Function('f')
    assert latex(f(x)) == '\\operatorname{f}{\\left (x \\right )}'

    beta = Function('beta')

    assert latex(beta(x)) == r"\beta{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(sin(x)) == r"\sin{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(sin(x), fold_func_brackets=True) == r"\sin {x}"
    assert latex(sin(2*x**2), fold_func_brackets=True) == \
        r"\sin {2 x^{2}}"
    assert latex(sin(x**2), fold_func_brackets=True) == \
        r"\sin {x^{2}}"

    assert latex(asin(x)**2) == r"\operatorname{asin}^{2}{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(asin(x)**2, inv_trig_style="full") == \
        r"\arcsin^{2}{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(asin(x)**2, inv_trig_style="power") == \
        r"\sin^{-1}{\left (x \right )}^{2}"
    assert latex(asin(x**2), inv_trig_style="power",
                 fold_func_brackets=True) == \
        r"\sin^{-1} {x^{2}}"

    assert latex(factorial(k)) == r"k!"
    assert latex(factorial(-k)) == r"\left(- k\right)!"

    assert latex(subfactorial(k)) == r"!k"
    assert latex(subfactorial(-k)) == r"!\left(- k\right)"

    assert latex(factorial2(k)) == r"k!!"
    assert latex(factorial2(-k)) == r"\left(- k\right)!!"

    assert latex(binomial(2, k)) == r"{\binom{2}{k}}"

    assert latex(
        FallingFactorial(3, k)) == r"{\left(3\right)}_{\left(k\right)}"
    assert latex(RisingFactorial(3, k)) == r"{\left(3\right)}^{\left(k\right)}"

    assert latex(floor(x)) == r"\lfloor{x}\rfloor"
    assert latex(ceiling(x)) == r"\lceil{x}\rceil"
    assert latex(Min(x, 2, x**3)) == r"\min\left(2, x, x^{3}\right)"
    assert latex(Min(x, y)**2) == r"\min\left(x, y\right)^{2}"
    assert latex(Max(x, 2, x**3)) == r"\max\left(2, x, x^{3}\right)"
    assert latex(Max(x, y)**2) == r"\max\left(x, y\right)^{2}"
    assert latex(Abs(x)) == r"\left\lvert{x}\right\rvert"
    assert latex(re(x)) == r"\Re{x}"
    assert latex(re(x + y)) == r"\Re{x} + \Re{y}"
    assert latex(im(x)) == r"\Im{x}"
    assert latex(conjugate(x)) == r"\overline{x}"
    assert latex(gamma(x)) == r"\Gamma\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(Order(x)) == r"\mathcal{O}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(lowergamma(x, y)) == r'\gamma\left(x, y\right)'
    assert latex(uppergamma(x, y)) == r'\Gamma\left(x, y\right)'

    assert latex(cot(x)) == r'\cot{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(coth(x)) == r'\coth{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(re(x)) == r'\Re{x}'
    assert latex(im(x)) == r'\Im{x}'
    assert latex(root(x, y)) == r'x^{\frac{1}{y}}'
    assert latex(arg(x)) == r'\arg{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(zeta(x)) == r'\zeta\left(x\right)'

    assert latex(zeta(x)) == r"\zeta\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(zeta(x)**2) == r"\zeta^{2}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(zeta(x, y)) == r"\zeta\left(x, y\right)"
    assert latex(zeta(x, y)**2) == r"\zeta^{2}\left(x, y\right)"
    assert latex(dirichlet_eta(x)) == r"\eta\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(dirichlet_eta(x)**2) == r"\eta^{2}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(polylog(x, y)) == r"\operatorname{Li}_{x}\left(y\right)"
    assert latex(
        polylog(x, y)**2) == r"\operatorname{Li}_{x}^{2}\left(y\right)"
    assert latex(lerchphi(x, y, n)) == r"\Phi\left(x, y, n\right)"
    assert latex(lerchphi(x, y, n)**2) == r"\Phi^{2}\left(x, y, n\right)"

    assert latex(elliptic_k(z)) == r"K\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_k(z)**2) == r"K^{2}\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_f(x, y)) == r"F\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_f(x, y)**2) == r"F^{2}\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(x, y)) == r"E\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(x, y)**2) == r"E^{2}\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(z)) == r"E\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(z)**2) == r"E^{2}\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y, z)) == r"\Pi\left(x; y\middle| z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y, z)**2) == \
        r"\Pi^{2}\left(x; y\middle| z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y)) == r"\Pi\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y)**2) == r"\Pi^{2}\left(x\middle| y\right)"

    assert latex(Ei(x)) == r'\operatorname{Ei}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Ei(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Ei}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(expint(x, y)**2) == r'\operatorname{E}_{x}^{2}\left(y\right)'
    assert latex(Shi(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Shi}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Si(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Si}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Ci(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Ci}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Chi(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Chi}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'

    assert latex(
        jacobi(n, a, b, x)) == r'P_{n}^{\left(a,b\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(jacobi(n, a, b, x)**2) == r'\left(P_{n}^{\left(a,b\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(
        gegenbauer(n, a, x)) == r'C_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(gegenbauer(n, a, x)**2) == r'\left(C_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(chebyshevt(n, x)) == r'T_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(
        chebyshevt(n, x)**2) == r'\left(T_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(chebyshevu(n, x)) == r'U_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(
        chebyshevu(n, x)**2) == r'\left(U_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(legendre(n, x)) == r'P_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(legendre(n, x)**2) == r'\left(P_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(
        assoc_legendre(n, a, x)) == r'P_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(assoc_legendre(n, a, x)**2) == r'\left(P_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(laguerre(n, x)) == r'L_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(laguerre(n, x)**2) == r'\left(L_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(
        assoc_laguerre(n, a, x)) == r'L_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(assoc_laguerre(n, a, x)**2) == r'\left(L_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(hermite(n, x)) == r'H_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(hermite(n, x)**2) == r'\left(H_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'

    # Test latex printing of function names with "_"
    assert latex(
        polar_lift(0)) == r"\operatorname{polar\_lift}{\left (0 \right )}"
    assert latex(polar_lift(
        0)**3) == r"\operatorname{polar\_lift}^{3}{\left (0 \right )}"

    assert latex(totient(n)) == r'\phi\left( n \right)'
Esempio n. 5
0
def test_latex_functions():
    assert latex(exp(x)) == "e^{x}"
    assert latex(exp(1) + exp(2)) == "e + e^{2}"

    f = Function('f')
    assert latex(f(x)) == r'f{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(f) == r'f'

    g = Function('g')
    assert latex(g(x, y)) == r'g{\left (x,y \right )}'
    assert latex(g) == r'g'

    h = Function('h')
    assert latex(h(x, y, z)) == r'h{\left (x,y,z \right )}'
    assert latex(h) == r'h'

    Li = Function('Li')
    assert latex(Li) == r'\operatorname{Li}'
    assert latex(Li(x)) == r'\operatorname{Li}{\left (x \right )}'

    beta = Function('beta')

    # not to be confused with the beta function
    assert latex(beta(x)) == r"\beta{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(beta) == r"\beta"

    assert latex(sin(x)) == r"\sin{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(sin(x), fold_func_brackets=True) == r"\sin {x}"
    assert latex(sin(2*x**2), fold_func_brackets=True) == \
        r"\sin {2 x^{2}}"
    assert latex(sin(x**2), fold_func_brackets=True) == \
        r"\sin {x^{2}}"

    assert latex(asin(x)**2) == r"\operatorname{asin}^{2}{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(asin(x)**2, inv_trig_style="full") == \
        r"\arcsin^{2}{\left (x \right )}"
    assert latex(asin(x)**2, inv_trig_style="power") == \
        r"\sin^{-1}{\left (x \right )}^{2}"
    assert latex(asin(x**2), inv_trig_style="power",
                 fold_func_brackets=True) == \
        r"\sin^{-1} {x^{2}}"

    assert latex(factorial(k)) == r"k!"
    assert latex(factorial(-k)) == r"\left(- k\right)!"

    assert latex(subfactorial(k)) == r"!k"
    assert latex(subfactorial(-k)) == r"!\left(- k\right)"

    assert latex(factorial2(k)) == r"k!!"
    assert latex(factorial2(-k)) == r"\left(- k\right)!!"

    assert latex(binomial(2, k)) == r"{\binom{2}{k}}"

    assert latex(FallingFactorial(3,
                                  k)) == r"{\left(3\right)}_{\left(k\right)}"
    assert latex(RisingFactorial(3, k)) == r"{\left(3\right)}^{\left(k\right)}"

    assert latex(floor(x)) == r"\lfloor{x}\rfloor"
    assert latex(ceiling(x)) == r"\lceil{x}\rceil"
    assert latex(Min(x, 2, x**3)) == r"\min\left(2, x, x^{3}\right)"
    assert latex(Min(x, y)**2) == r"\min\left(x, y\right)^{2}"
    assert latex(Max(x, 2, x**3)) == r"\max\left(2, x, x^{3}\right)"
    assert latex(Max(x, y)**2) == r"\max\left(x, y\right)^{2}"
    assert latex(Abs(x)) == r"\left\lvert{x}\right\rvert"
    assert latex(re(x)) == r"\Re{x}"
    assert latex(re(x + y)) == r"\Re{x} + \Re{y}"
    assert latex(im(x)) == r"\Im{x}"
    assert latex(conjugate(x)) == r"\overline{x}"
    assert latex(gamma(x)) == r"\Gamma{\left(x \right)}"
    w = Wild('w')
    assert latex(gamma(w)) == r"\Gamma{\left(w \right)}"
    assert latex(Order(x)) == r"\mathcal{O}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(Order(x, x)) == r"\mathcal{O}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(Order(x, x, 0)) == r"\mathcal{O}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(Order(x, x,
                       oo)) == r"\mathcal{O}\left(x; x\rightarrow\infty\right)"
    assert latex(
        Order(x, x, y)
    ) == r"\mathcal{O}\left(x; \begin{pmatrix}x, & y\end{pmatrix}\rightarrow0\right)"
    assert latex(
        Order(x, x, y, 0)
    ) == r"\mathcal{O}\left(x; \begin{pmatrix}x, & y\end{pmatrix}\rightarrow0\right)"
    assert latex(
        Order(x, x, y, oo)
    ) == r"\mathcal{O}\left(x; \begin{pmatrix}x, & y\end{pmatrix}\rightarrow\infty\right)"
    assert latex(lowergamma(x, y)) == r'\gamma\left(x, y\right)'
    assert latex(uppergamma(x, y)) == r'\Gamma\left(x, y\right)'

    assert latex(cot(x)) == r'\cot{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(coth(x)) == r'\coth{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(re(x)) == r'\Re{x}'
    assert latex(im(x)) == r'\Im{x}'
    assert latex(root(x, y)) == r'x^{\frac{1}{y}}'
    assert latex(arg(x)) == r'\arg{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(zeta(x)) == r'\zeta\left(x\right)'

    assert latex(zeta(x)) == r"\zeta\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(zeta(x)**2) == r"\zeta^{2}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(zeta(x, y)) == r"\zeta\left(x, y\right)"
    assert latex(zeta(x, y)**2) == r"\zeta^{2}\left(x, y\right)"
    assert latex(dirichlet_eta(x)) == r"\eta\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(dirichlet_eta(x)**2) == r"\eta^{2}\left(x\right)"
    assert latex(polylog(x, y)) == r"\operatorname{Li}_{x}\left(y\right)"
    assert latex(polylog(x,
                         y)**2) == r"\operatorname{Li}_{x}^{2}\left(y\right)"
    assert latex(lerchphi(x, y, n)) == r"\Phi\left(x, y, n\right)"
    assert latex(lerchphi(x, y, n)**2) == r"\Phi^{2}\left(x, y, n\right)"

    assert latex(elliptic_k(z)) == r"K\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_k(z)**2) == r"K^{2}\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_f(x, y)) == r"F\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_f(x, y)**2) == r"F^{2}\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(x, y)) == r"E\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(x, y)**2) == r"E^{2}\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(z)) == r"E\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_e(z)**2) == r"E^{2}\left(z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y, z)) == r"\Pi\left(x; y\middle| z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y, z)**2) == \
        r"\Pi^{2}\left(x; y\middle| z\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y)) == r"\Pi\left(x\middle| y\right)"
    assert latex(elliptic_pi(x, y)**2) == r"\Pi^{2}\left(x\middle| y\right)"

    assert latex(Ei(x)) == r'\operatorname{Ei}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Ei(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Ei}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(expint(x, y)**2) == r'\operatorname{E}_{x}^{2}\left(y\right)'
    assert latex(Shi(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Shi}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Si(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Si}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Ci(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Ci}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Chi(x)**2) == r'\operatorname{Chi}^{2}{\left (x \right )}'
    assert latex(Chi(x)) == r'\operatorname{Chi}{\left (x \right )}'

    assert latex(jacobi(n, a, b,
                        x)) == r'P_{n}^{\left(a,b\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(jacobi(
        n, a, b,
        x)**2) == r'\left(P_{n}^{\left(a,b\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(gegenbauer(n, a,
                            x)) == r'C_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(gegenbauer(
        n, a,
        x)**2) == r'\left(C_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(chebyshevt(n, x)) == r'T_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(chebyshevt(n,
                            x)**2) == r'\left(T_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(chebyshevu(n, x)) == r'U_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(chebyshevu(n,
                            x)**2) == r'\left(U_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(legendre(n, x)) == r'P_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(legendre(n, x)**2) == r'\left(P_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(assoc_legendre(n, a,
                                x)) == r'P_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(assoc_legendre(
        n, a,
        x)**2) == r'\left(P_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(laguerre(n, x)) == r'L_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(laguerre(n, x)**2) == r'\left(L_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(assoc_laguerre(n, a,
                                x)) == r'L_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(assoc_laguerre(
        n, a,
        x)**2) == r'\left(L_{n}^{\left(a\right)}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'
    assert latex(hermite(n, x)) == r'H_{n}\left(x\right)'
    assert latex(hermite(n, x)**2) == r'\left(H_{n}\left(x\right)\right)^{2}'

    theta = Symbol("theta", real=True)
    phi = Symbol("phi", real=True)
    assert latex(Ynm(n, m, theta, phi)) == r'Y_{n}^{m}\left(\theta,\phi\right)'
    assert latex(
        Ynm(n, m, theta,
            phi)**3) == r'\left(Y_{n}^{m}\left(\theta,\phi\right)\right)^{3}'
    assert latex(Znm(n, m, theta, phi)) == r'Z_{n}^{m}\left(\theta,\phi\right)'
    assert latex(
        Znm(n, m, theta,
            phi)**3) == r'\left(Z_{n}^{m}\left(\theta,\phi\right)\right)^{3}'

    # Test latex printing of function names with "_"
    assert latex(
        polar_lift(0)) == r"\operatorname{polar\_lift}{\left (0 \right )}"
    assert latex(polar_lift(0)**
                 3) == r"\operatorname{polar\_lift}^{3}{\left (0 \right )}"

    assert latex(totient(n)) == r'\phi\left( n \right)'

    # some unknown function name should get rendered with \operatorname
    fjlkd = Function('fjlkd')
    assert latex(fjlkd(x)) == r'\operatorname{fjlkd}{\left (x \right )}'
    # even when it is referred to without an argument
    assert latex(fjlkd) == r'\operatorname{fjlkd}'