def __init__(self, x, y, theta, drawing=False, record=False):
self.origin = [(x, y, theta)]
self.particles = self.origin * localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
self.wallMap = WallMap(self)
self.wallMap.draw_walls()
self.wallMap.draw_route()
weight = float(1 / float(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS))
self.weightings = [weight] * localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
self.cumulative_weight = np.cumsum(self.weightings)
self.in_recovery = False
global draw
draw = drawing
if record:
self.record_all = []
self.record_all += self.particles
self.record = True
else:
self.record = False
if drawing:
localisation.draw_particles(self.particles)
def getDepthMeasurement(self, p):
# Represents the distance from each wall [(wall, distance)]
wallDistances = []
# Calculate the distance from each wall
walls = self.wallMap.get_walls()
for wall in walls:
distance = localisation.calcDistanceFromWall(wall, p)
if distance > 0:
wallDistances.append((wall, distance))
# Sort the distances
wallDistances = sorted(wallDistances, key=lambda z: z[1])
# Take the smallest distance, while checking if the point actually is on the wall
x,y,theta = p
for wall, m in wallDistances:
meetPoint = (x+m*math.cos(math.radians(theta)) , y+m*math.sin(math.radians(theta)))
if WallMap.isOnWall(meetPoint, wall) and WallMap.reasonableAngle(theta, wall):
return m, wall
# Failed to find a distance
return -1, -1
def getDepthMeasurement(self, p):
# Represents the distance from each wall [(wall, distance)]
wallDistances = []
# Calculate the distance from each wall
walls = self.wallMap.get_walls()
for wall in walls:
distance = localisation.calcDistanceFromWall(wall, p)
if distance > 0:
wallDistances.append((wall, distance))
# Sort the distances
wallDistances = sorted(wallDistances, key=lambda z: z[1])
# Take the smallest distance, while checking if the point actually is on the wall
x, y, theta = p
for wall, m in wallDistances:
meetPoint = (x + m * math.cos(math.radians(theta)),
y + m * math.sin(math.radians(theta)))
if WallMap.isOnWall(meetPoint, wall) and WallMap.reasonableAngle(
theta, wall):
return m, wall
# Failed to find a distance
return -1, -1
def __init__(self, x, y, theta, drawing=False, record=False):
self.origin = [(x, y, theta)]
self.particles = self.origin * localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
self.wallMap = WallMap(self)
self.wallMap.draw_walls()
self.wallMap.draw_route()
weight = float(1 / float(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS))
self.weightings = [weight] * localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
self.cumulative_weight = np.cumsum(self.weightings)
self.in_recovery = False
global draw
draw = drawing
if record:
self.record_all = []
self.record_all += self.particles
self.record = True
else:
self.record = False
if drawing:
localisation.draw_particles(self.particles)
class localisation:
# Offsets for visualisation
origin_offset_x = 0
origin_offset_y = 750
scalar = 1.8
NUM_OF_PARTS = 100
# Positions in particle vector
X = 0
Y = 1
THETA = 2
# standard deviation value in cm
LINEAR_DISTANCE = 1.5
# standard deviation value in degrees
LINEAR_ROTATION = 0.5
# standard deviation value in degrees
# TODO: are these all standard deviations??? why this one is so big then
ROTATION = 1.5
RECOVERY_ST = 50
draw = False
@staticmethod
def norm_output(value):
return round(value, 2)
@staticmethod
def draw_particles(particles):
p = copy.deepcopy(particles)
for a in range(len(particles)):
x = (p[a][localisation.X] *
localisation.scalar) + localisation.origin_offset_x
y = -(p[a][localisation.Y] *
localisation.scalar) + localisation.origin_offset_y
theta = p[a][localisation.THETA]
p[a] = (x, y, theta)
print "drawParticles:" + str(p)
def __init__(self, x, y, theta, drawing=False, record=False):
self.origin = [(x, y, theta)]
self.particles = self.origin * localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
self.wallMap = WallMap(self)
self.wallMap.draw_walls()
self.wallMap.draw_route()
weight = float(1 / float(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS))
self.weightings = [weight] * localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
self.cumulative_weight = np.cumsum(self.weightings)
self.in_recovery = False
global draw
draw = drawing
if record:
self.record_all = []
self.record_all += self.particles
self.record = True
else:
self.record = False
if drawing:
localisation.draw_particles(self.particles)
def draw_line(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
x1 = (x1 * self.scalar) + self.origin_offset_x
y1 = -(y1 * self.scalar) + self.origin_offset_y
x2 = (x2 * self.scalar) + self.origin_offset_x
y2 = -(y2 * self.scalar) + self.origin_offset_y
line = (x1, y1, x2, y2)
print "drawLine:" + str(line)
@staticmethod
def ran_gauss(sigma):
return random.gauss(0, sigma)
def update_particle_distance(self, pid, distance):
e = localisation.ran_gauss(localisation.LINEAR_DISTANCE if not self.
in_recovery else localisation.RECOVERY_ST)
f = localisation.ran_gauss(localisation.LINEAR_ROTATION if not self.
in_recovery else localisation.RECOVERY_ST)
x = self.particles[pid][localisation.X] + (distance + e) * math.cos(
math.radians(self.particles[pid][localisation.THETA]))
y = self.particles[pid][localisation.Y] + (distance + e) * math.sin(
math.radians(self.particles[pid][localisation.THETA]))
theta = self.particles[pid][localisation.THETA] + f
self.particles[pid] = (x, y, theta)
def update_particle_rotation(self, pid, angle):
g = localisation.ran_gauss(localisation.ROTATION if not self.
in_recovery else localisation.RECOVERY_ST)
x = self.particles[pid][localisation.X]
y = self.particles[pid][localisation.Y]
theta = self.particles[pid][localisation.THETA] + angle + g
self.particles[pid] = (x, y, theta)
def loc_distance(self, d):
if self.record: self.record_all += self.particles
for p in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
self.update_particle_distance(p, d)
if draw: self.draw_particles(self.particles)
def loc_rotation(self, angle):
if self.record: self.record_all += self.particles
for p in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
self.update_particle_rotation(p, angle)
if draw: self.draw_particles(self.particles)
def draw_all(self):
self.draw_particles(self.record_all)
def drawAllParticles(self):
self.draw_particles(self.particles)
def get_average(self):
av_x = 0.0
av_y = 0.0
av_t = 0.0
for p in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
av_x += self.weightings[p] * self.particles[p][localisation.X]
av_y += self.weightings[p] * self.particles[p][localisation.Y]
av_t += self.weightings[p] * self.particles[p][localisation.THETA]
#localisation.draw_particles([(localisation.norm_output(av_x), localisation.norm_output(av_y), av_t)])
return localisation.norm_output(av_x), localisation.norm_output(
av_y), av_t
# Updates weights of all the particles using the likelihood function
def update(self, sonarMeasurements):
z = np.median(sonarMeasurements)
print "Median sonar value = " + str(z)
estimate_m = self.getDepthMeasurement(self.get_average())
print "Distance from estimate location to nearest wall = " + str(
estimate_m)
var = np.var(sonarMeasurements)
total_weight = 0
for i in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
particle = self.particles[i]
likely = self.calculateLikelihood(particle, z, var)
if likely > 0:
w = self.weightings[i]
# Update the weighting of the particle based on likelyhood
self.weightings[i] = likely * w
total_weight += self.weightings[i]
# Normalise the weights
for i in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
w = self.weightings[i]
self.weightings[i] = w / total_weight if total_weight > 0 else w
# Sets the cumulative weight for resampling
self.cumulative_weight = np.cumsum(self.weightings)
# Resample
particles_old = self.particles[:]
for i in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
rand = np.random.random_sample()
for j in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
if rand < self.cumulative_weight[j]:
self.particles[i] = particles_old[j]
break
# Change all weights to 1/n
for i in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
self.weightings[i] = 1.0 / localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
print "Location(after update) = " + str(self.get_average())
# Returns a likelihood given a particle and mean sonar measurement
def calculateLikelihood(self, p, z, var):
m, wall = self.getDepthMeasurement(p)
if m == -1:
return -1
diff = z - m
top = -(pow(diff, 2))
bottom = 2 * var
# Quick fix, will email lecturer
if bottom < 4:
bottom = 4
# Can add constant value K to make it more robust
return pow(math.e, (top / float(bottom)))
# Finds out which wall is the robot facing and gets "true" distance from it
def getDepthMeasurement(self, p):
# Represents the distance from each wall [(wall, distance)]
wallDistances = []
# Calculate the distance from each wall
walls = self.wallMap.get_walls()
for wall in walls:
distance = localisation.calcDistanceFromWall(wall, p)
if distance > 0:
wallDistances.append((wall, distance))
# Sort the distances
wallDistances = sorted(wallDistances, key=lambda z: z[1])
# Take the smallest distance, while checking if the point actually is on the wall
x, y, theta = p
for wall, m in wallDistances:
meetPoint = (x + m * math.cos(math.radians(theta)),
y + m * math.sin(math.radians(theta)))
if WallMap.isOnWall(meetPoint, wall) and WallMap.reasonableAngle(
theta, wall):
return m, wall
# Failed to find a distance
return -1, -1
@staticmethod
def calcDistanceFromWall(wall, p):
Ax, Ay, Bx, By = wall
x, y, theta = p
cosTheta = math.cos(math.radians(theta))
sinTheta = math.sin(math.radians(theta))
top = (By - Ay) * (Ax - x) - (Bx - Ax) * (Ay - y)
bottom = (By - Ay) * cosTheta - (Bx - Ax) * sinTheta
return -1 if bottom == 0 else top / float(bottom)
class localisation:
# Offsets for visualisation
origin_offset_x = 0
origin_offset_y = 750
scalar = 1.8
NUM_OF_PARTS = 100
# Positions in particle vector
X = 0
Y = 1
THETA = 2
# standard deviation value in cm
LINEAR_DISTANCE = 1.5
# standard deviation value in degrees
LINEAR_ROTATION = 0.5
# standard deviation value in degrees
# TODO: are these all standard deviations??? why this one is so big then
ROTATION = 1.5
RECOVERY_ST = 50
draw = False
@staticmethod
def norm_output(value):
return round(value, 2)
@staticmethod
def draw_particles(particles):
p = copy.deepcopy(particles)
for a in range(len(particles)):
x = (p[a][localisation.X] * localisation.scalar) + localisation.origin_offset_x
y = -(p[a][localisation.Y] * localisation.scalar) + localisation.origin_offset_y
theta = p[a][localisation.THETA]
p[a] = (x,y,theta)
print "drawParticles:" + str(p)
def __init__(self, x, y, theta, drawing=False, record=False):
self.origin = [(x, y, theta)]
self.particles = self.origin * localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
self.wallMap = WallMap(self)
self.wallMap.draw_walls()
self.wallMap.draw_route()
weight = float(1 / float(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS))
self.weightings = [weight] * localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
self.cumulative_weight = np.cumsum(self.weightings)
self.in_recovery = False
global draw
draw = drawing
if record:
self.record_all = []
self.record_all += self.particles
self.record = True
else:
self.record = False
if drawing:
localisation.draw_particles(self.particles)
def draw_line(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
x1 = (x1*self.scalar)+self.origin_offset_x
y1 = -(y1*self.scalar)+self.origin_offset_y
x2 = (x2*self.scalar)+self.origin_offset_x
y2 = -(y2*self.scalar)+self.origin_offset_y
line = (x1, y1, x2, y2)
print "drawLine:" + str(line)
@staticmethod
def ran_gauss(sigma):
return random.gauss(0, sigma)
def update_particle_distance(self, pid, distance):
e = localisation.ran_gauss(localisation.LINEAR_DISTANCE if not self.in_recovery else localisation.RECOVERY_ST)
f = localisation.ran_gauss(localisation.LINEAR_ROTATION if not self.in_recovery else localisation.RECOVERY_ST)
x = self.particles[pid][localisation.X] + (distance+e)*math.cos(math.radians(self.particles[pid][localisation.THETA]))
y = self.particles[pid][localisation.Y] + (distance+e)*math.sin(math.radians(self.particles[pid][localisation.THETA]))
theta = self.particles[pid][localisation.THETA] + f
self.particles[pid] = (x,y,theta)
def update_particle_rotation(self, pid, angle):
g = localisation.ran_gauss(localisation.ROTATION if not self.in_recovery else localisation.RECOVERY_ST)
x = self.particles[pid][localisation.X]
y = self.particles[pid][localisation.Y]
theta = self.particles[pid][localisation.THETA] + angle + g
self.particles[pid] = (x,y,theta)
def loc_distance(self, d):
if self.record: self.record_all += self.particles
for p in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
self.update_particle_distance(p, d)
if draw: self.draw_particles(self.particles)
def loc_rotation(self, angle):
if self.record: self.record_all += self.particles
for p in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
self.update_particle_rotation(p, angle)
if draw: self.draw_particles(self.particles)
def draw_all(self):
self.draw_particles(self.record_all)
def drawAllParticles(self):
self.draw_particles(self.particles)
def get_average(self):
av_x = 0.0
av_y = 0.0
av_t = 0.0
for p in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
av_x += self.weightings[p] * self.particles[p][localisation.X]
av_y += self.weightings[p] * self.particles[p][localisation.Y]
av_t += self.weightings[p] * self.particles[p][localisation.THETA]
#localisation.draw_particles([(localisation.norm_output(av_x), localisation.norm_output(av_y), av_t)])
return localisation.norm_output(av_x), localisation.norm_output(av_y), av_t
# Updates weights of all the particles using the likelihood function
def update(self, sonarMeasurements):
z = np.median(sonarMeasurements)
print "Median sonar value = " + str(z)
estimate_m = self.getDepthMeasurement(self.get_average())
print "Distance from estimate location to nearest wall = " + str(estimate_m)
var = np.var(sonarMeasurements)
total_weight = 0
for i in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
particle = self.particles[i]
likely = self.calculateLikelihood(particle, z, var)
if likely > 0:
w = self.weightings[i]
# Update the weighting of the particle based on likelyhood
self.weightings[i] = likely * w
total_weight += self.weightings[i]
# Normalise the weights
for i in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
w = self.weightings[i]
self.weightings[i] = w / total_weight if total_weight > 0 else w
# Sets the cumulative weight for resampling
self.cumulative_weight = np.cumsum(self.weightings)
# Resample
particles_old = self.particles[:]
for i in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
rand = np.random.random_sample()
for j in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
if rand < self.cumulative_weight[j]:
self.particles[i] = particles_old[j]
break
# Change all weights to 1/n
for i in range(localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS):
self.weightings[i] = 1.0 / localisation.NUM_OF_PARTS
print "Location(after update) = " + str(self.get_average())
# Returns a likelihood given a particle and mean sonar measurement
def calculateLikelihood(self, p, z, var):
m, wall = self.getDepthMeasurement(p)
if m == -1:
return -1
diff = z - m
top = -(pow(diff,2))
bottom = 2 * var
# Quick fix, will email lecturer
if bottom < 4:
bottom = 4
# Can add constant value K to make it more robust
return pow(math.e, (top / float(bottom)))
# Finds out which wall is the robot facing and gets "true" distance from it
def getDepthMeasurement(self, p):
# Represents the distance from each wall [(wall, distance)]
wallDistances = []
# Calculate the distance from each wall
walls = self.wallMap.get_walls()
for wall in walls:
distance = localisation.calcDistanceFromWall(wall, p)
if distance > 0:
wallDistances.append((wall, distance))
# Sort the distances
wallDistances = sorted(wallDistances, key=lambda z: z[1])
# Take the smallest distance, while checking if the point actually is on the wall
x,y,theta = p
for wall, m in wallDistances:
meetPoint = (x+m*math.cos(math.radians(theta)) , y+m*math.sin(math.radians(theta)))
if WallMap.isOnWall(meetPoint, wall) and WallMap.reasonableAngle(theta, wall):
return m, wall
# Failed to find a distance
return -1, -1
@staticmethod
def calcDistanceFromWall(wall, p):
Ax,Ay,Bx,By = wall
x,y,theta = p
cosTheta = math.cos(math.radians(theta))
sinTheta = math.sin(math.radians(theta))
top = (By - Ay)*(Ax - x) - (Bx - Ax)*(Ay - y)
bottom = (By - Ay)*cosTheta - (Bx - Ax)*sinTheta
return -1 if bottom == 0 else top / float(bottom)
