def test18(self):
print("SSE validation")
sse_src_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(sys.modules[SSE.__module__].__file__), 'src')
if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(sse_src_path, "evolve.in")):
self.skip("Not in a source release")
instance = SSE()
instance.particles.add_particle(Particle(mass = 1.416 | units.MSun))
instance.particles[0].evolve_for(7000.0 | units.Myr)
evolved_star = instance.particles.copy()[0]
evolved_star.temperature = instance.particles[0].temperature
instance.stop()
testpath = get_path_to_results()
shutil.copy(os.path.join(sse_src_path, "evolve.in"), os.path.join(testpath, "evolve.in"))
call([os.path.join(sse_src_path, "sse")], cwd=testpath)
with open(os.path.join(testpath, "evolve.dat"), "r") as sse_output:
lines = sse_output.readlines()
sse_final_result = lines[-2].split()
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.age, float(sse_final_result[0]) | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.stellar_type, float(sse_final_result[1]) | units.stellar_type, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.initial_mass, float(sse_final_result[2]) | units.MSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.mass, float(sse_final_result[3]) | units.MSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.luminosity, 10**float(sse_final_result[4]) | units.LSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.radius, 10**float(sse_final_result[5]) | units.RSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(evolved_star.temperature, 10**float(sse_final_result[6]) | units.K, 2)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.core_mass, float(sse_final_result[7]) | units.MSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.convective_envelope_mass, float(sse_final_result[8]) | units.MSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.epoch, float(sse_final_result[9]) | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.spin, float(sse_final_result[10]) | units.yr**-1, 3)
def test12(self):
print("Testing adding and removing particles from stellar evolution code...")
particles = Particles(3)
particles.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
instance = SSE()
instance.initialize_code()
instance.commit_parameters()
self.assertEqual(len(instance.particles), 0) # before creation
instance.particles.add_particles(particles[:-1])
instance.commit_particles()
instance.evolve_model(1.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertEqual(len(instance.particles), 2) # before remove
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, 1.0 | units.Myr)
instance.particles.remove_particle(particles[0])
self.assertEqual(len(instance.particles), 1)
instance.evolve_model(2.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles[0].age, 2.0 | units.Myr)
instance.particles.add_particles(particles[::2])
self.assertEqual(len(instance.particles), 3) # it's back...
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles[0].age, 2.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles[1].age, 0.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles[2].age, 0.0 | units.Myr) # ... and rejuvenated.
instance.evolve_model(3.0 | units.Myr) # The young stars keep their age offset from the old star
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, [3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | units.Myr)
instance.evolve_model(4.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, [4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | units.Myr)
instance.stop()
def test11(self):
print("Test evolve_model optional arguments: end_time and keep_synchronous")
stars = Particles(3)
stars.mass = [1.0, 2.0, 3.0] | units.MSun
instance = SSE()
instance.commit_parameters()
instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
self.assertEqual(instance.particles.age, [0.0, 0.0, 0.0] | units.yr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.time_step, [550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.radius, [0.8882494502, 1.610210385, 1.979134445] | units.RSun)
print("evolve_model without arguments: use shared timestep = min(particles.time_step)")
instance.evolve_model()
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, [18.8768, 18.8768, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.time_step, [550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.model_time, 18.8768 | units.Myr, 3)
print("evolve_model with end_time: take timesteps, until end_time is reached exactly")
instance.evolve_model(100 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, [100.0, 100.0, 100.0] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.time_step, [550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.model_time, 100.0 | units.Myr, 3)
print("evolve_model with keep_synchronous: use non-shared timestep, particle ages will typically diverge")
instance.evolve_model(keep_synchronous = False)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, (100 | units.Myr) + ([550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr), 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.time_step, [550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.model_time, 100.0 | units.Myr, 3) # Unchanged!
instance.stop()
def test17(self):
print(
"evolve_one_step and evolve_for after particle removal and addition"
)
particles = Particles(10)
particles.mass = list(range(1, 11)) | units.MSun
instance = SSE()
instance.particles.add_particles(particles)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, 0.0 | units.yr)
time_steps = numpy.linspace(0.1, 1.0, num=10) | units.Myr
for i in range(10):
instance.particles[i].evolve_for(time_steps[i])
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, time_steps)
instance.particles.remove_particles(particles[[1, 4, 8]])
revived = instance.particles.add_particle(particles[4])
revived.evolve_for(numpy.pi | units.Myr)
for star in instance.particles:
star.evolve_for(star.age)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age[:-1],
2 * time_steps[[0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9]])
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age[-1],
2 * numpy.pi | units.Myr)
instance.particles.remove_particles(particles[[2, 5, 6]])
instance.particles.add_particles(particles[[8, 1]])
self.assertEqual(len(instance.particles), 7)
expected_ages = instance.particles.age + instance.particles.time_step
for star in instance.particles:
star.evolve_one_step()
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, expected_ages)
instance.stop()
def test19(self):
print("SSE core_mass and CO_core_mass (high mass star)")
instance = SSE()
star = instance.particles.add_particle(Particle(mass = 30 | units.MSun))
instance.evolve_model(5.8 | units.Myr)
print(star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type)
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Main Sequence star")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 30 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.CO_core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
instance.evolve_model(6.0 | units.Myr)
print(star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type)
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Core Helium Burning")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 30 | units.MSun)
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.core_mass, 10 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.CO_core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
instance.evolve_model(6.5 | units.Myr)
print(star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type)
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Main Sequence Naked Helium star")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 10 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.core_mass, star.mass)
self.assertEqual(star.CO_core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
instance.evolve_model(6.65 | units.Myr)
print(star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type)
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Hertzsprung Gap Naked Helium star")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 10 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.core_mass, star.mass)
self.assertAlmostEqual(star.CO_core_mass, 7.12 | units.MSun, 2)
instance.evolve_model(7.0 | units.Myr)
print(star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type)
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Black Hole")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 10 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.core_mass, star.mass)
self.assertEqual(star.CO_core_mass, star.mass)
instance.stop()
def test13(self):
print("Testing SSE states")
stars = Particles(1)
stars.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
print("First do everything manually:", end=' ')
instance = SSE()
self.assertEqual(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'UNINITIALIZED')
instance.initialize_code()
self.assertEqual(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'INITIALIZED')
instance.commit_parameters()
self.assertEqual(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'RUN')
instance.cleanup_code()
self.assertEqual(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'END')
instance.stop()
print("ok")
print("initialize_code(), commit_parameters(), " \
"and cleanup_code() should be called automatically:", end=' ')
instance = SSE()
self.assertEqual(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'UNINITIALIZED')
instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient = 0.5
self.assertEqual(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'INITIALIZED')
instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
self.assertEqual(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'RUN')
instance.stop()
self.assertEqual(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'STOPPED')
print("ok")
def test19(self):
print "SSE core_mass and CO_core_mass (high mass star)"
instance = SSE()
star = instance.particles.add_particle(Particle(mass = 30 | units.MSun))
instance.evolve_model(5.8 | units.Myr)
print star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Main Sequence star")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 30 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.CO_core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
instance.evolve_model(6.0 | units.Myr)
print star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Core Helium Burning")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 30 | units.MSun)
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.core_mass, 10 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.CO_core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
instance.evolve_model(6.5 | units.Myr)
print star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Main Sequence Naked Helium star")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 10 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.core_mass, star.mass)
self.assertEqual(star.CO_core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
instance.evolve_model(6.65 | units.Myr)
print star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Hertzsprung Gap Naked Helium star")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 10 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.core_mass, star.mass)
self.assertAlmostEqual(star.CO_core_mass, 7.12 | units.MSun, 2)
instance.evolve_model(7.0 | units.Myr)
print star.mass, star.core_mass, star.CO_core_mass, star.stellar_type
self.assertEqual(str(star.stellar_type), "Black Hole")
self.assertIsOfOrder(star.mass, 10 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(star.core_mass, star.mass)
self.assertEqual(star.CO_core_mass, star.mass)
instance.stop()
def test6(self):
print("Test whether a set of stars evolves synchronously...")
# Create an array of stars with a range in stellar mass
masses = [.5, 1., 2., 5., 10., 30.] | units.MSun
number_of_stars = len(masses)
stars = Particles(number_of_stars)
stars.mass = masses
# Initialize stellar evolution code
instance = SSE()
instance.commit_parameters()
instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
instance.commit_particles()
from_code_to_model = instance.particles.new_channel_to(stars)
from_code_to_model.copy()
instance.evolve_model(end_time=125 | units.Myr)
from_code_to_model.copy()
end_types = (
"deeply or fully convective low mass MS star",
"Main Sequence star",
"Main Sequence star",
"Carbon/Oxygen White Dwarf",
"Neutron Star",
"Black Hole",
)
for i in range(number_of_stars):
self.assertAlmostEqual(stars[i].age, 125.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertTrue(stars[i].mass <= masses[i])
self.assertEqual(str(stars[i].stellar_type), end_types[i])
instance.stop()
def test6(self):
print "Test whether a set of stars evolves synchronously..."
# Create an array of stars with a range in stellar mass
masses = [.5, 1., 2., 5., 10., 30.] | units.MSun
number_of_stars = len(masses)
stars = Particles(number_of_stars)
stars.mass = masses
# Initialize stellar evolution code
instance = SSE()
instance.commit_parameters()
instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
instance.commit_particles()
from_code_to_model = instance.particles.new_channel_to(stars)
from_code_to_model.copy()
instance.evolve_model(end_time = 125 | units.Myr)
from_code_to_model.copy()
end_types = (
"deeply or fully convective low mass MS star",
"Main Sequence star",
"Main Sequence star",
"Carbon/Oxygen White Dwarf",
"Neutron Star",
"Black Hole",
)
for i in range(number_of_stars):
self.assertAlmostEquals(stars[i].age, 125.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertTrue(stars[i].mass <= masses[i])
self.assertEquals(str(stars[i].stellar_type), end_types[i])
instance.stop()
def test18(self):
print "SSE validation"
sse_src_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(sys.modules[SSE.__module__].__file__), 'src')
if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(sse_src_path, "evolve.in")):
self.skip("Not in a source release")
instance = SSE()
instance.particles.add_particle(Particle(mass = 1.416 | units.MSun))
instance.particles[0].evolve_for(7000.0 | units.Myr)
evolved_star = instance.particles.copy()[0]
evolved_star.temperature = instance.particles[0].temperature
instance.stop()
testpath = get_path_to_results()
shutil.copy(os.path.join(sse_src_path, "evolve.in"), os.path.join(testpath, "evolve.in"))
call([os.path.join(sse_src_path, "sse")], cwd=testpath)
with open(os.path.join(testpath, "evolve.dat"), "r") as sse_output:
lines = sse_output.readlines()
sse_final_result = lines[-2].split()
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.age, float(sse_final_result[0]) | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.stellar_type, float(sse_final_result[1]) | units.stellar_type, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.initial_mass, float(sse_final_result[2]) | units.MSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.mass, float(sse_final_result[3]) | units.MSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.luminosity, 10**float(sse_final_result[4]) | units.LSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.radius, 10**float(sse_final_result[5]) | units.RSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(evolved_star.temperature, 10**float(sse_final_result[6]) | units.K, 2)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.core_mass, float(sse_final_result[7]) | units.MSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.convective_envelope_mass, float(sse_final_result[8]) | units.MSun, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.epoch, float(sse_final_result[9]) | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(evolved_star.spin, float(sse_final_result[10]) | units.yr**-1, 3)
def test14b(self):
print(
"Testing basic operations: evolve_one_step and evolve_for (on subset)"
)
stars = Particles(2)
stars.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
instance = SSE()
se_stars = instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
self.assertAlmostEqual(se_stars.age, [0.0, 0.0] | units.yr)
for i in range(3):
se_stars[:1].evolve_one_step()
self.assertAlmostEqual(se_stars.age, [1650.46953688, 0.0] | units.Myr,
3)
number_of_steps = 10
step_size = se_stars[0].age / number_of_steps
for i in range(1, number_of_steps + 1):
se_stars[1:].evolve_for(step_size)
self.assertAlmostEqual(se_stars.age,
[number_of_steps, i] * step_size)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(se_stars[0].age, se_stars[1].age)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(se_stars[0].luminosity,
se_stars[1].luminosity, 3)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(se_stars[0].radius, se_stars[1].radius,
3)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(se_stars[0].temperature,
se_stars[1].temperature, 3)
instance.stop()
def test16(self):
print("test evolution of 1000 star sampled over flattish IMF")
number_of_stars = 1000
class notsorandom(object):
def random(self, N):
return numpy.array(range(N)) / (N - 1.)
def random_sample(self, N):
return numpy.array(range(N)) / (N - 1.)
masses = new_salpeter_mass_distribution(number_of_stars,
mass_min=0.1 | units.MSun,
mass_max=100.0 | units.MSun,
alpha=-1.01,
random=notsorandom())
stars = Particles(mass=masses)
instance = SSE()
instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
i = 0
for p in instance.particles:
p.evolve_for(13.2 | units.Gyr)
i += 1
instance.stop()
def plottillagb():
sun = datamodel.Particle(
mass = 1 | units.MSun,
radius = 1 | units.RSun
)
sse = SSE()
sse.particles.add_particle(sun)
channel_from_se_to_memory = sse.particles.new_channel_to(sun.as_set())
channel_from_se_to_memory.copy()
masses = []|units.MSun
timerange = numpy.arange(11500, 13500,10) | units.Myr
for time in timerange:
sse.evolve_model(time)
channel_from_se_to_memory.copy()
masses.append(sun.mass)
print(time.as_quantity_in(units.Myr), sun.mass.as_quantity_in(units.MSun))
sse.stop()
figure = pyplot.figure(figsize= (6,6))
subplot = figure.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
subplot.plot(timerange.value_in(units.Gyr), masses.value_in(units.MSun),'.')
subplot.set_xlabel('t (Gyr)')
subplot.set_ylabel('mass (MSun)')
pyplot.show()
def test16(self):
print "test evolution of 1000 star sampled over flattish IMF"
number_of_stars=1000
class notsorandom(object):
def random(self,N):
return numpy.array(range(N))/(N-1.)
def random_sample(self,N):
return numpy.array(range(N))/(N-1.)
masses = new_salpeter_mass_distribution(
number_of_stars,
mass_min = 0.1 | units.MSun,
mass_max = 100.0 | units.MSun,
alpha = -1.01,random=notsorandom()
)
stars=Particles(mass=masses)
instance=SSE()
instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
i=0
for p in instance.particles:
print i,p.mass,
p.evolve_for(13.2 | units.Gyr)
print p.mass
i+=1
instance.stop()
def test5(self):
sse = SSE()
sse.commit_parameters()
stars = Particles(1)
star = stars[0]
star.mass = 35 | units.MSun
star.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
stars.synchronize_to(sse.particles)
channel = sse.particles.new_channel_to(stars)
channel.copy_attributes(sse.particles.get_attribute_names_defined_in_store())
previous_type = star.stellar_type
results = []
dt = 1 | units.Myr
t = 0 | units.Myr
while t < 30 | units.Myr:
t += dt
sse.evolve_model(t)
self.assertTrue(sse.particles[0].mass.value_in(units.MSun) < 10.6)
sse.stop()
def test3(self):
sse = SSE()
sse.commit_parameters()
stars = Particles(1)
star = stars[0]
star.mass = 5 | units.MSun
star.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
stars.synchronize_to(sse.particles)
channel = sse.particles.new_channel_to(stars)
channel.copy_attributes(
sse.particles.get_attribute_names_defined_in_store())
previous_type = sse.particles.stellar_type
results = []
sse.evolve_model(121.5 | units.Myr)
channel.copy_attributes(
sse.particles.get_attribute_names_defined_in_store())
self.assertAlmostEqual(star.mass.value_in(units.MSun), 0.997, 3)
sse.stop()
def test12(self):
print "Testing adding and removing particles from stellar evolution code..."
particles = Particles(3)
particles.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
instance = SSE()
instance.initialize_code()
instance.commit_parameters()
self.assertEquals(len(instance.particles), 0) # before creation
instance.particles.add_particles(particles[:-1])
instance.commit_particles()
instance.evolve_model(1.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertEquals(len(instance.particles), 2) # before remove
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, 1.0 | units.Myr)
instance.particles.remove_particle(particles[0])
self.assertEquals(len(instance.particles), 1)
instance.evolve_model(2.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles[0].age, 2.0 | units.Myr)
instance.particles.add_particles(particles[::2])
self.assertEquals(len(instance.particles), 3) # it's back...
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles[0].age, 2.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles[1].age, 0.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles[2].age, 0.0 | units.Myr) # ... and rejuvenated.
instance.evolve_model(3.0 | units.Myr) # The young stars keep their age offset from the old star
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, [3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | units.Myr)
instance.evolve_model(4.0 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, [4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | units.Myr)
instance.stop()
def test5(self):
sse = SSE()
sse.commit_parameters()
stars = Particles(1)
star = stars[0]
star.mass = 35 | units.MSun
star.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
stars.synchronize_to(sse.particles)
channel = sse.particles.new_channel_to(stars)
channel.copy_attributes(
sse.particles.get_attribute_names_defined_in_store())
previous_type = star.stellar_type
results = []
dt = 1 | units.Myr
t = 0 | units.Myr
while t < 30 | units.Myr:
t += dt
sse.evolve_model(t)
self.assertTrue(sse.particles[0].mass.value_in(units.MSun) < 10.6)
sse.stop()
def test17(self):
print "evolve_one_step and evolve_for after particle removal and addition"
particles = Particles(10)
particles.mass = range(1, 11) | units.MSun
instance = SSE()
instance.particles.add_particles(particles)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, 0.0 | units.yr)
time_steps = numpy.linspace(0.1, 1.0, num=10) | units.Myr
for i in range(10):
instance.particles[i].evolve_for(time_steps[i])
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, time_steps)
instance.particles.remove_particles(particles[[1, 4, 8]])
revived = instance.particles.add_particle(particles[4])
revived.evolve_for(numpy.pi | units.Myr)
for star in instance.particles:
star.evolve_for(star.age)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age[:-1], 2*time_steps[[0, 2,3, 5,6,7, 9]])
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age[-1], 2*numpy.pi | units.Myr)
instance.particles.remove_particles(particles[[2, 5, 6]])
instance.particles.add_particles(particles[[8, 1]])
self.assertEqual(len(instance.particles), 7)
expected_ages = instance.particles.age + instance.particles.time_step
for star in instance.particles:
star.evolve_one_step()
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, expected_ages)
instance.stop()
def test13(self):
print "Testing SSE states"
stars = Particles(1)
stars.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
print "First do everything manually:",
instance = SSE()
self.assertEquals(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'UNINITIALIZED')
instance.initialize_code()
self.assertEquals(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'INITIALIZED')
instance.commit_parameters()
self.assertEquals(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'RUN')
instance.cleanup_code()
self.assertEquals(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'END')
instance.stop()
print "ok"
print "initialize_code(), commit_parameters(), " \
"and cleanup_code() should be called automatically:",
instance = SSE()
self.assertEquals(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'UNINITIALIZED')
instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient = 0.5
self.assertEquals(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'INITIALIZED')
instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
self.assertEquals(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'RUN')
instance.stop()
self.assertEquals(instance.get_name_of_current_state(), 'STOPPED')
print "ok"
def plottillagb():
sun = datamodel.Particle(
mass=1 | units.MSun,
radius=1 | units.RSun
)
sse = SSE()
sse.particles.add_particle(sun)
channel_from_se_to_memory = sse.particles.new_channel_to(sun.as_set())
channel_from_se_to_memory.copy()
masses = [] | units.MSun
timerange = numpy.arange(11500, 13500, 10) | units.Myr
for time in timerange:
sse.evolve_model(time)
channel_from_se_to_memory.copy()
masses.append(sun.mass)
print(time.as_quantity_in(units.Myr),
sun.mass.as_quantity_in(units.MSun))
sse.stop()
figure = pyplot.figure(figsize=(6, 6))
subplot = figure.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
subplot.plot(timerange.value_in(units.Gyr),
masses.value_in(units.MSun), '.')
subplot.set_xlabel('t (Gyr)')
subplot.set_ylabel('mass (MSun)')
pyplot.show()
def test11(self):
print "Test evolve_model optional arguments: end_time and keep_synchronous"
stars = Particles(3)
stars.mass = [1.0, 2.0, 3.0] | units.MSun
instance = SSE()
instance.commit_parameters()
instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
self.assertEqual(instance.particles.age, [0.0, 0.0, 0.0] | units.yr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.time_step, [550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.radius, [0.8882494502, 1.610210385, 1.979134445] | units.RSun)
print "evolve_model without arguments: use shared timestep = min(particles.time_step)"
instance.evolve_model()
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, [18.8768, 18.8768, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.time_step, [550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.model_time, 18.8768 | units.Myr, 3)
print "evolve_model with end_time: take timesteps, until end_time is reached exactly"
instance.evolve_model(100 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, [100.0, 100.0, 100.0] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.time_step, [550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.model_time, 100.0 | units.Myr, 3)
print "evolve_model with keep_synchronous: use non-shared timestep, particle ages will typically diverge"
instance.evolve_model(keep_synchronous = False)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.age, (100 | units.Myr) + ([550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr), 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.particles.time_step, [550.1565, 58.2081, 18.8768] | units.Myr, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(instance.model_time, 100.0 | units.Myr, 3) # Unchanged!
instance.stop()
def simulate_evolution_tracks():
stellar_evolution = SSE()
star = datamodel.Particle()
star.mass = stellar_mass
star = stellar_evolution.particles.add_particle(star)
luminosity_at_time = [] | units.LSun
temperature_at_time = [] | units.K
print("Evolving a star with mass:", stellar_mass)
is_evolving = True
while is_evolving and star.age < end_time:
luminosity_at_time.append(star.luminosity)
temperature_at_time.append(star.temperature)
previous_age = star.age
# if we do not specify an end_time in the evolve_model function
# a stellar evolution code will evolve to the next
# 'natural' timestep, this will ensure all interesting physics
# is seen in the hr diagram
stellar_evolution.evolve_model()
is_evolving = (star.age != previous_age)
stellar_evolution.stop()
return temperature_at_time, luminosity_at_time
def simulate_evolution_tracks():
stellar_evolution = SSE()
star = datamodel.Particle()
star.mass = stellar_mass
star = stellar_evolution.particles.add_particle(star)
luminosity_at_time = [] | units.LSun
temperature_at_time = [] | units.K
print("Evolving a star with mass:", stellar_mass)
is_evolving = True
while is_evolving and star.age < end_time:
luminosity_at_time.append(star.luminosity)
temperature_at_time.append(star.temperature)
previous_age = star.age
# if we do not specify an end_time in the evolve_model function
# a stellar evolution code will evolve to the next
# 'natural' timestep, this will ensure all interesting physics
# is seen in the hr diagram
stellar_evolution.evolve_model()
is_evolving = (star.age != previous_age)
stellar_evolution.stop()
return temperature_at_time, luminosity_at_time
def test23(self):
instance = SSE()
p=Particles(mass = [1.0, 10.0] | units.MSun, temperature=[10,10] | units.K)
stars = instance.particles.add_particles(p)
channel=stars.new_channel_to(p)
channel.copy_attributes(["mass","temperature"])
self.assertEqual(stars.temperature, p.temperature)
instance.stop()
def test23(self):
instance = SSE()
p=Particles(mass = [1.0, 10.0] | units.MSun, temperature=[10,10] | units.K)
stars = instance.particles.add_particles(p)
channel=stars.new_channel_to(p)
channel.copy_attributes(["mass","temperature"])
self.assertEqual(stars.temperature, p.temperature)
instance.stop()
def test1(self):
sse = SSE()
sse.commit_parameters()
stars = Particles(1)
star = stars[0]
star.mass = 5 | units.MSun
star.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
sse.particles.add_particles(stars)
from_sse_to_model = sse.particles.new_channel_to(stars)
from_sse_to_model.copy()
previous_type = star.stellar_type
results = []
t0 = 0 | units.Myr
current_time = t0
while current_time < (125 | units.Myr):
sse.update_time_steps()
current_time = current_time + sse.particles[0].time_step
sse.evolve_model(current_time)
from_sse_to_model.copy()
if not star.stellar_type == previous_type:
results.append((star.age, star.mass, star.stellar_type))
previous_type = star.stellar_type
self.assertEqual(len(results), 6)
times = (104.0 | units.Myr, 104.4 | units.Myr, 104.7 | units.Myr,
120.1 | units.Myr, 120.9 | units.Myr, 121.5 | units.Myr)
for result, expected in zip(results, times):
self.assertAlmostEqual(result[0].value_in(units.Myr),
expected.value_in(units.Myr), 1)
masses = (5.000 | units.MSun, 5.000 | units.MSun, 4.998 | units.MSun,
4.932 | units.MSun, 4.895 | units.MSun, 0.997 | units.MSun)
for result, expected in zip(results, masses):
self.assertAlmostEqual(result[1].value_in(units.MSun),
expected.value_in(units.MSun), 3)
types = (
"Hertzsprung Gap",
"First Giant Branch",
"Core Helium Burning",
"First Asymptotic Giant Branch",
"Second Asymptotic Giant Branch",
"Carbon/Oxygen White Dwarf",
)
for result, expected in zip(results, types):
self.assertEqual(str(result[2]), expected)
sse.stop()
def evolve_to_age(stars, age, se="SSE"):
if se == "SSE":
se = SSE()
se.particles.add_particles(stars)
se.evolve_model(age)
stars.luminosity = se.particles.luminosity
stars.radius = se.particles.radius
se.stop()
return
def test21(self):
instance = SSE()
stars = instance.particles.add_particles(Particles(mass = 30 | units.MSun))
mass_loss_wind = stars[0].mass_loss_wind
self.assertAlmostRelativeEquals(mass_loss_wind, 1.703e-07 | units.MSun / units.yr, 3)
instance.evolve_model(1 | units.Myr)
dm = (1 | units.Myr)* mass_loss_wind
self.assertAlmostRelativeEquals(stars[0].mass, (30 | units.MSun) - dm , 3)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEquals(stars[0].mass_loss_wind, 2.053e-07 | units.MSun / units.yr, 3)
instance.stop()
def test21(self):
instance = SSE()
stars = instance.particles.add_particles(Particles(mass = 30 | units.MSun))
mass_loss_wind = stars[0].mass_loss_wind
self.assertAlmostRelativeEquals(mass_loss_wind, 1.703e-07 | units.MSun / units.yr, 3)
instance.evolve_model(1 | units.Myr)
dm = (1 | units.Myr)* mass_loss_wind
self.assertAlmostRelativeEquals(stars[0].mass, (30 | units.MSun) - dm , 3)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEquals(stars[0].mass_loss_wind, 2.053e-07 | units.MSun / units.yr, 3)
instance.stop()
def test22(self):
instance = SSE()
stars = instance.particles.add_particles(Particles(mass = [1.0, 10.0] | units.MSun))
gyration_radius = stars.gyration_radius
self.assertTrue(numpy.all(0.0 < gyration_radius))
self.assertTrue(numpy.all(gyration_radius < 1.0))
instance.evolve_model(12.4 | units.Gyr)
self.assertTrue(stars[0].gyration_radius < gyration_radius[0])
self.assertTrue(stars[1].gyration_radius > gyration_radius[1])
instance.evolve_model(14 | units.Gyr)
self.assertTrue(numpy.all(stars.gyration_radius > gyration_radius))
instance.stop()
def test9(self):
print("Test: large number of particles")
stellar_evolution = SSE(max_message_length=500)
stellar_evolution.commit_parameters()
number_of_particles = 10000
print("Has been tested with up to a million particles!")
print("Now using ", number_of_particles, "particles only, for speed.")
stars = Particles(number_of_particles)
stars.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
stellar_evolution.particles.add_particles(stars)
self.assertEqual(len(stellar_evolution.particles), number_of_particles)
stellar_evolution.stop()
def test22(self):
instance = SSE()
stars = instance.particles.add_particles(Particles(mass = [1.0, 10.0] | units.MSun))
gyration_radius = stars.gyration_radius
self.assertTrue(numpy.all(0.0 < gyration_radius))
self.assertTrue(numpy.all(gyration_radius < 1.0))
instance.evolve_model(12.4 | units.Gyr)
self.assertTrue(stars[0].gyration_radius < gyration_radius[0])
self.assertTrue(stars[1].gyration_radius > gyration_radius[1])
instance.evolve_model(14 | units.Gyr)
self.assertTrue(numpy.all(stars.gyration_radius > gyration_radius))
instance.stop()
def test9(self):
print "Test: large number of particles"
stellar_evolution = SSE(max_message_length=500)
stellar_evolution.commit_parameters()
number_of_particles = 10000
print "Has been tested with up to a million particles!"
print "Now using ", number_of_particles, "particles only, for speed."
stars = Particles(number_of_particles)
stars.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
stellar_evolution.particles.add_particles(stars)
self.assertEqual(len(stellar_evolution.particles), number_of_particles)
stellar_evolution.stop()
def test20(self):
print "SSE core_mass and CO_core_mass (low mass stars)"
instance = SSE()
stars = instance.particles.add_particles(Particles(mass = [0.6, 1.0] | units.MSun))
instance.evolve_model(100 | units.Gyr)
self.assertEqual(str(stars[0].stellar_type), "Helium White Dwarf")
self.assertAlmostEqual(stars[0].mass, 0.405 | units.MSun, 2)
self.assertEqual(stars[0].core_mass, stars[0].mass)
self.assertEqual(stars[0].CO_core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(str(stars[1].stellar_type), "Carbon/Oxygen White Dwarf")
self.assertAlmostEqual(stars[1].mass, 0.520 | units.MSun, 2)
self.assertEqual(stars[1].core_mass, stars[1].mass)
self.assertEqual(stars[1].CO_core_mass, stars[1].mass)
instance.stop()
def test20(self):
print("SSE core_mass and CO_core_mass (low mass stars)")
instance = SSE()
stars = instance.particles.add_particles(Particles(mass = [0.6, 1.0] | units.MSun))
instance.evolve_model(100 | units.Gyr)
self.assertEqual(str(stars[0].stellar_type), "Helium White Dwarf")
self.assertAlmostEqual(stars[0].mass, 0.405 | units.MSun, 2)
self.assertEqual(stars[0].core_mass, stars[0].mass)
self.assertEqual(stars[0].CO_core_mass, 0 | units.MSun)
self.assertEqual(str(stars[1].stellar_type), "Carbon/Oxygen White Dwarf")
self.assertAlmostEqual(stars[1].mass, 0.520 | units.MSun, 2)
self.assertEqual(stars[1].core_mass, stars[1].mass)
self.assertEqual(stars[1].CO_core_mass, stars[1].mass)
instance.stop()
def planetplot():
sun, planets = new_solar_system_for_mercury()
initial = 12.2138 | units.Gyr
final = 12.3300 | units.Gyr
step = 10000.0 | units.yr
timerange = VectorQuantity.arange(initial, final, step)
gd = MercuryWayWard()
gd.initialize_code()
# gd.stopping_conditions.timeout_detection.disable()
gd.central_particle.add_particles(sun)
gd.orbiters.add_particles(planets)
gd.commit_particles()
se = SSE()
# se.initialize_code()
se.commit_parameters()
se.particles.add_particles(sun)
se.commit_particles()
channelp = gd.orbiters.new_channel_to(planets)
channels = se.particles.new_channel_to(sun)
for time in timerange:
err = gd.evolve_model(time-initial)
channelp.copy()
# planets.savepoint(time)
err = se.evolve_model(time)
channels.copy()
gd.central_particle.mass = sun.mass
print(
sun[0].mass.value_in(units.MSun),
time.value_in(units.Myr),
planets[4].x.value_in(units.AU),
planets[4].y.value_in(units.AU),
planets[4].z.value_in(units.AU)
)
gd.stop()
se.stop()
for planet in planets:
t, x = planet.get_timeline_of_attribute_as_vector("x")
t, y = planet.get_timeline_of_attribute_as_vector("y")
plot(x, y, '.')
native_plot.gca().set_aspect('equal')
native_plot.show()
def test2(self):
sse = SSE()
sse.commit_parameters()
stars = Particles(1)
star = stars[0]
star.mass = 5 | units.MSun
star.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
sse.particles.add_particles(stars)
sse.evolve_model(120.1 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(sse.particles[0].mass.value_in(units.MSun), 4.932, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(sse.particles[0].temperature.value_in(units.K), 4221., 0)
sse.stop()
def test2(self):
sse = SSE()
sse.commit_parameters()
stars = Particles(1)
star = stars[0]
star.mass = 5 | units.MSun
star.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
sse.particles.add_particles(stars)
sse.evolve_model(120.1 | units.Myr)
self.assertAlmostEqual(sse.particles[0].mass.value_in(units.MSun), 4.932, 3)
self.assertAlmostEqual(sse.particles[0].temperature.value_in(units.K), 4221., 0)
sse.stop()
def planetplot():
sun, planets = new_solar_system_for_mercury()
initial = 12.2138 | units.Gyr
final = 12.3300 | units.Gyr
step = 10000.0 | units.yr
timerange = VectorQuantity.arange(initial, final, step)
gd = MercuryWayWard()
gd.initialize_code()
# gd.stopping_conditions.timeout_detection.disable()
gd.central_particle.add_particles(sun)
gd.orbiters.add_particles(planets)
gd.commit_particles()
se = SSE()
# se.initialize_code()
se.commit_parameters()
se.particles.add_particles(sun)
se.commit_particles()
channelp = gd.orbiters.new_channel_to(planets)
channels = se.particles.new_channel_to(sun)
for time in timerange:
err = gd.evolve_model(time - initial)
channelp.copy()
# planets.savepoint(time)
err = se.evolve_model(time)
channels.copy()
gd.central_particle.mass = sun.mass
print(
(sun[0].mass.value_in(units.MSun), time.value_in(units.Myr),
planets[4].x.value_in(units.AU), planets[4].y.value_in(units.AU),
planets[4].z.value_in(units.AU)))
gd.stop()
se.stop()
for planet in planets:
t, x = planet.get_timeline_of_attribute_as_vector("x")
t, y = planet.get_timeline_of_attribute_as_vector("y")
plot(x, y, '.')
native_plot.gca().set_aspect('equal')
native_plot.show()
def get_stellar_radius(star, SEVCode = None):
if SEVCode == None:
sev_code = SSE()
else:
sev_code = SEVCode
temp_star = Particle()
temp_star.mass = star.mass
temp_star.age = star.time
sev_code.particles.add_particle(temp_star)
sev_code.model_time = star.time
sev_code.evolve_model(star.time)
radius = sev_code.particles[0].radius
print(radius, sev_code.particles[0].age)
if SEVCode == None:
sev_code.stop()
else:
sev_code.particles.remove_particle(temp_star)
return radius
def test8(self):
instance = SSE()
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, 0.5)
myvalue = 0.7
instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient = myvalue
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, myvalue)
instance.commit_parameters()
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, myvalue)
instance.stop()
instance = SSE()
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, 0.5)
myvalue = 0.7
instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient = myvalue
instance.parameters.set_defaults()
instance.commit_parameters()
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, 0.5)
instance.stop()
def test8(self):
instance = SSE()
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, 0.5)
myvalue = 0.7
instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient = myvalue
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, myvalue)
instance.commit_parameters()
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, myvalue)
instance.stop()
instance = SSE()
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, 0.5)
myvalue = 0.7
instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient = myvalue
instance.parameters.set_defaults()
instance.commit_parameters()
self.assertEqual(instance.parameters.reimers_mass_loss_coefficient, 0.5)
instance.stop()
def test7(self):
print("Test: evolve particles one at a time.")
print("Used to be problematic, since initial_mass of idle particle is set to zero.")
stars = Particles(2)
stars.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
for star in stars:
print(star)
stellar_evolution = SSE()
stellar_evolution.commit_parameters()
stellar_evolution.particles.add_particles(star.as_set())
stellar_evolution.commit_particles()
from_stellar_evolution_to_model = stellar_evolution.particles.new_channel_to(star.as_set())
stellar_evolution.evolve_model()
from_stellar_evolution_to_model.copy()
stellar_evolution.stop()
self.assertEqual(stars[0].initial_mass, stars[1].initial_mass)
self.assertEqual(stars[0].luminosity, stars[1].luminosity)
self.assertEqual(stars[0].age, stars[1].age)
print("Solved: SSE_muse_interface.f sets initial_mass to mass when necessary.")
def test7(self):
print "Test: evolve particles one at a time."
print "Used to be problematic, since initial_mass of idle particle is set to zero."
stars = Particles(2)
stars.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
for star in stars:
print star
stellar_evolution = SSE()
stellar_evolution.commit_parameters()
stellar_evolution.particles.add_particles(star.as_set())
stellar_evolution.commit_particles()
from_stellar_evolution_to_model = stellar_evolution.particles.new_channel_to(star.as_set())
stellar_evolution.evolve_model()
from_stellar_evolution_to_model.copy()
stellar_evolution.stop()
self.assertEquals(stars[0].initial_mass, stars[1].initial_mass)
self.assertEquals(stars[0].luminosity, stars[1].luminosity)
self.assertEquals(stars[0].age, stars[1].age)
print "Solved: SSE_muse_interface.f sets initial_mass to mass when necessary."
def test14b(self):
print "Testing basic operations: evolve_one_step and evolve_for (on subset)"
stars = Particles(2)
stars.mass = 1.0 | units.MSun
instance = SSE()
se_stars = instance.particles.add_particles(stars)
self.assertAlmostEqual(se_stars.age, [0.0, 0.0] | units.yr)
for i in range(3):
se_stars[:1].evolve_one_step()
self.assertAlmostEqual(se_stars.age, [1650.46953688, 0.0] | units.Myr, 3)
number_of_steps = 10
step_size = se_stars[0].age / number_of_steps
for i in range(1, number_of_steps + 1):
se_stars[1:].evolve_for(step_size)
self.assertAlmostEqual(se_stars.age, [number_of_steps, i] * step_size)
print se_stars
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(se_stars[0].age, se_stars[1].age)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(se_stars[0].luminosity, se_stars[1].luminosity, 3)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(se_stars[0].radius, se_stars[1].radius, 3)
self.assertAlmostRelativeEqual(se_stars[0].temperature, se_stars[1].temperature, 3)
instance.stop()
def test3(self):
sse = SSE()
sse.commit_parameters()
stars = Particles(1)
star = stars[0]
star.mass = 5 | units.MSun
star.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
stars.synchronize_to(sse.particles)
channel = sse.particles.new_channel_to(stars)
channel.copy_attributes(sse.particles.get_attribute_names_defined_in_store())
previous_type = sse.particles.stellar_type
results = []
sse.evolve_model(121.5 | units.Myr)
channel.copy_attributes(sse.particles.get_attribute_names_defined_in_store())
self.assertAlmostEqual(star.mass.value_in(units.MSun), 0.997, 3)
sse.stop()
def main_function(number_of_stars=1000,
end_time=4.0e4 | units.yr,
steps=100,
number_of_workers=6,
animate=True,
save_animation=False,
escape=False,
Q=0.5,
D=2.6,
filename="default.mp4",
use_huayno=False,
use_tree=False):
"""
Simulates a cluster of stars with varying masses.
Input:
:param number_of_stars: Number of stars to simulate, default: 1000
:param end_time: Total time at which to stop in nbody_system.time units (I think),
default 10 | nbody_system.time
:param steps: Total number of steps to save, default: 1000
:param number_of_workers: Number of cores/threads to use, does nothing when using Huayno, default: 5
:param animate: Makes an animation of the stars at each step (size depends on star mass), default: True
:param save_animation: Saves the animation as mp4 file, default: True
:param Q: Kinectic to potential energy fraction (I think) default: 0.5
:param D: Measure of fragmentedness, must be between 1.5 and 3, default 2.6
:param filename: Determines the name of the mp4 file, default: "default.mp4"
:param use_huayno: Use alternative Huayno gravity evolver, default: False
:return: (array of position arrays at each time step, array of time at each time step)
"""
start_time = clock_time()
particles = new_cluster(number_of_stars=number_of_stars, Q=Q, D=D)
total_mass = particles.mass.sum()
convert_nbody = nbody_system.nbody_to_si(total_mass, 1.0 | units.parsec)
# Initialize gravity can use others for tests, but hermite is used
if use_huayno:
gravity = Huayno(convert_nbody,
number_of_workers=number_of_workers / 2)
elif use_tree:
gravity = BHTree(convert_nbody,
number_of_workers=1,
epsilon_squared=0.05 | nbody_system.length**2)
else:
gravity = Hermite(convert_nbody,
number_of_workers=number_of_workers / 2)
gravity.parameters.epsilon_squared = 0.05 | nbody_system.length**2
# gravity.parameters.epsilon_squared = 0.15 | nbody_system.length ** 2 # Used to be this
gravity.particles.add_particles(particles)
from_gravity_to_model = gravity.particles.new_channel_to(particles)
# particles.scale_to_standard() Cannot scale to standard if not using nbody_system units
# Initialize the Evolution
if not use_tree:
stellar_evolution = SSE(number_of_workers=number_of_workers / 2)
else:
stellar_evolution = SSE(number_of_workers=number_of_workers - 1)
stellar_evolution.particles.add_particles(particles)
from_stellar_evolution_to_model = stellar_evolution.particles.new_channel_to(
particles)
from_stellar_evolution_to_model.copy_attributes(
["mass", "luminosity", "temperature"])
# Initial time (note * end_time for correct units)
time = 0.0 * end_time
# Save initial conditions and make arrays (lists) for each step
total_energy_at_t0 = gravity.kinetic_energy + gravity.potential_energy
save_positions = [particles.position]
save_velocities = [particles.velocity]
save_masses = [particles.mass]
save_luminosities = [particles.luminosity]
save_temperatures = [particles.temperature]
times = [time]
while time < end_time:
time += end_time / steps
# Evolve gravity
gravity.evolve_model(time)
from_gravity_to_model.copy()
# Evolve stars
stellar_evolution.evolve_model(time)
from_gravity_to_model.copy()
from_stellar_evolution_to_model.copy_attributes(
["mass", "luminosity", "temperature"])
# Save data
save_positions.append(particles.position)
save_velocities.append(particles.velocity)
save_masses.append(particles.mass)
save_luminosities.append(particles.luminosity)
save_temperatures.append(particles.temperature)
times.append(time)
total_energy = gravity.kinetic_energy + gravity.potential_energy
if np.abs(
(total_energy - total_energy_at_t0) / total_energy_at_t0) > 0.001:
print(
"Warning! Total energy of the system is changing too significantly!"
)
print "Time: %.4g" % time.number
total_mass = particles.mass.sum()
print total_mass
if escape:
escaped_stars_3d, escaped_stars_2d = find_escapees(particles)
gravity.stop()
stellar_evolution.stop()
print "It took %.3g seconds clock time" % (clock_time() - start_time)
if animate:
make_animation(save_positions,
save_luminosities,
save_temperatures,
times,
save_animation=save_animation,
filename=filename)
if escape:
return save_positions[-1], save_velocities[-1], save_masses[
-1], escaped_stars_3d, escaped_stars_2d
else:
return save_positions, save_velocities
filetype,
close_file=True,
)
if stellar_evolution:
print(
"Calculating luminosity/temperature for %s old stars..."
% (age)
)
from amuse.community.sse.interface import SSE
se = SSE()
se.particles.add_particles(stars)
if age > 0 | units.Myr:
se.evolve_model(age)
stars.luminosity = se.particles.luminosity
stars.radius = se.particles.radius
se.stop()
com = stars.center_of_mass()
stars.position -= com
if fieldstars:
for age in np.array([400, 600, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400]) | units.Myr:
fieldstars = new_field_stars(
int(len(stars)/3),
width=image_width,
height=image_width,
)
evolve_to_age(fieldstars, age)
# TODO: add distance modulus
stars.add_particles(fieldstars)
if gasfilename:
def simulate_small_cluster(number_of_stars, end_time=40 | units.Myr,
name_of_the_figure="test-2.svg"):
# numpy.random.seed(1)
salpeter_masses = new_salpeter_mass_distribution(number_of_stars)
total_mass = salpeter_masses.sum()
convert_nbody = nbody_system.nbody_to_si(total_mass, 1.0 | units.parsec)
particles = new_plummer_model(number_of_stars, convert_nbody)
gravity = BHTree(convert_nbody)
gravity.initialize_code()
# gravity.parameters.set_defaults()
# print gravity.parameters.timestep.as_quantity_in(units.Myr)
gravity.parameters.timestep = 0.0001 | units.Myr # tiny!
gravity.parameters.epsilon_squared \
= (float(number_of_stars)**(-0.333333) | units.parsec) ** 2
stellar_evolution = SSE()
stellar_evolution.initialize_module_with_default_parameters()
print "setting masses of the stars"
particles.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
particles.mass = salpeter_masses
print "initializing the particles"
stellar_evolution.particles.add_particles(particles)
from_stellar_evolution_to_model \
= stellar_evolution.particles.new_channel_to(particles)
from_stellar_evolution_to_model.copy_attributes(["mass"])
print "centering the particles"
particles.move_to_center()
print "scaling particles to viridial equilibrium"
particles.scale_to_standard(convert_nbody)
gravity.particles.add_particles(particles)
from_model_to_gravity = particles.new_channel_to(gravity.particles)
from_gravity_to_model = gravity.particles.new_channel_to(particles)
gravity.commit_particles()
time = 0.0 | units.Myr
particles.savepoint(time)
total_energy_at_t0 = gravity.kinetic_energy + gravity.potential_energy
print "evolving the model until t = " + str(end_time)
while time < end_time:
time += 0.25 | units.Myr
print "Gravity evolve step starting"
gravity_evolve = gravity.evolve_model.async(time)
print "Stellar evolution step starting"
stellar_evolution_evolve = stellar_evolution.evolve_model(time)
print "Stellar evolution step done."
gravity_evolve.result()
print "Gravity evolve step done."
from_gravity_to_model.copy()
from_stellar_evolution_to_model.copy_attributes(["mass", "radius"])
particles.savepoint(time)
from_model_to_gravity.copy_attributes(["mass"])
total_energy_at_this_time \
= gravity.kinetic_energy + gravity.potential_energy
print_log(time, gravity, particles,
total_energy_at_t0, total_energy_at_this_time)
test_results_path = get_path_to_results()
output_file = os.path.join(test_results_path, "small.hdf5")
if os.path.exists(output_file):
os.remove(output_file)
storage = store.StoreHDF(output_file)
storage.store(particles)
gravity.stop()
stellar_evolution.stop()
plot_particles(particles, name_of_the_figure)
def test1(self):
sse = SSE()
sse.commit_parameters()
stars = Particles(1)
star = stars[0]
star.mass = 5 | units.MSun
star.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
sse.particles.add_particles(stars)
from_sse_to_model = sse.particles.new_channel_to(stars)
from_sse_to_model.copy()
previous_type = star.stellar_type
results = []
t0 = 0 | units.Myr
current_time = t0
while current_time < (125 | units.Myr):
sse.update_time_steps()
current_time = current_time + sse.particles[0].time_step
sse.evolve_model(current_time)
from_sse_to_model.copy()
if not star.stellar_type == previous_type:
results.append((star.age, star.mass, star.stellar_type))
previous_type = star.stellar_type
self.assertEqual(len(results), 6)
times = (
104.0 | units.Myr,
104.4 | units.Myr,
104.7 | units.Myr,
120.1 | units.Myr,
120.9 | units.Myr,
121.5 | units.Myr
)
for result, expected in zip(results, times):
self.assertAlmostEqual(result[0].value_in(units.Myr), expected.value_in(units.Myr), 1)
masses = (
5.000 | units.MSun,
5.000 | units.MSun,
4.998 | units.MSun,
4.932 | units.MSun,
4.895 | units.MSun,
0.997 | units.MSun
)
for result, expected in zip(results, masses):
self.assertAlmostEqual(result[1].value_in(units.MSun), expected.value_in(units.MSun), 3)
types = (
"Hertzsprung Gap",
"First Giant Branch",
"Core Helium Burning",
"First Asymptotic Giant Branch",
"Second Asymptotic Giant Branch",
"Carbon/Oxygen White Dwarf",
)
for result, expected in zip(results, types):
self.assertEquals(str(result[2]), expected)
sse.stop()
def simulate_small_cluster(number_of_stars,
end_time=40 | units.Myr,
name_of_the_figure="test-2.svg"):
# numpy.random.seed(1)
salpeter_masses = new_salpeter_mass_distribution(number_of_stars)
total_mass = salpeter_masses.sum()
convert_nbody = nbody_system.nbody_to_si(total_mass, 1.0 | units.parsec)
particles = new_plummer_model(number_of_stars, convert_nbody)
gravity = BHTree(convert_nbody)
# print gravity.parameters.timestep.as_quantity_in(units.Myr)
gravity.parameters.timestep = 0.0001 | units.Myr # tiny!
gravity.parameters.epsilon_squared \
= (float(number_of_stars)**(-0.333333) | units.parsec) ** 2
stellar_evolution = SSE()
print "setting masses of the stars"
particles.radius = 0.0 | units.RSun
particles.mass = salpeter_masses
print "initializing the particles"
stellar_evolution.particles.add_particles(particles)
from_stellar_evolution_to_model \
= stellar_evolution.particles.new_channel_to(particles)
from_stellar_evolution_to_model.copy_attributes(["mass"])
print "centering the particles"
particles.move_to_center()
print "scaling particles to viridial equilibrium"
particles.scale_to_standard(convert_nbody)
gravity.particles.add_particles(particles)
from_model_to_gravity = particles.new_channel_to(gravity.particles)
from_gravity_to_model = gravity.particles.new_channel_to(particles)
time = 0.0 | units.Myr
particles.savepoint(time)
total_energy_at_t0 = gravity.kinetic_energy + gravity.potential_energy
print "evolving the model until t = " + str(end_time)
while time < end_time:
time += 0.25 | units.Myr
print "gravity evolve step starting"
gravity.evolve_model(time)
print "gravity evolve step done"
print "stellar evolution step starting"
stellar_evolution.evolve_model(time)
print "stellar evolution step done"
from_gravity_to_model.copy()
from_stellar_evolution_to_model.copy_attributes(["mass", "radius"])
particles.savepoint(time)
from_model_to_gravity.copy_attributes(["mass"])
total_energy_at_this_time \
= gravity.kinetic_energy + gravity.potential_energy
print_log(time, gravity, particles, total_energy_at_t0,
total_energy_at_this_time)
test_results_path = get_path_to_results()
output_file = os.path.join(test_results_path, "small.hdf5")
if os.path.exists(output_file):
os.remove(output_file)
storage = store.StoreHDF(output_file)
storage.store(particles)
gravity.stop()
stellar_evolution.stop()
plot_particles(particles, name_of_the_figure)
