コード例 #1
0
def get_target_updates(vars, target_vars, tau):
    logger.info('setting up target updates ...')
    soft_updates = []
    init_updates = []
    assert len(vars) == len(target_vars)
    for var, target_var in zip(vars, target_vars):
        logger.info('  {} <- {}'.format(target_var.name, var.name))
        init_updates.append(tf.assign(target_var, var))
        soft_updates.append(
            tf.assign(target_var, (1. - tau) * target_var + tau * var))
    assert len(init_updates) == len(vars)
    assert len(soft_updates) == len(vars)
    return tf.group(*init_updates), tf.group(*soft_updates)
コード例 #2
0
    def __init__(self,
                 dU,
                 obs_tensor,
                 act_op,
                 feat_op,
                 var,
                 sess,
                 device_string,
                 copy_param_scope=None):
        Policy.__init__(self)
        self.dU = dU
        self.obs_tensor = obs_tensor
        self.act_op = act_op
        self.feat_op = feat_op
        self.sess = sess
        self.device_string = device_string
        self.chol_pol_covar = np.diag(np.sqrt(var))
        self.scale = None  # must be set from elsewhere based on observations
        self.bias = None
        self.x_idx = None

        if copy_param_scope:
            self.copy_params = tf.get_collection(tf.GraphKeys.VARIABLES,
                                                 scope=copy_param_scope)
            self.copy_params_assign_placeholders = [
                tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=param.get_shape())
                for param in self.copy_params
            ]

            self.copy_params_assign_ops = [
                tf.assign(self.copy_params[i],
                          self.copy_params_assign_placeholders[i])
                for i in range(len(self.copy_params))
            ]
コード例 #3
0
def get_perturbed_actor_updates(actor, perturbed_actor, param_noise_stddev):
    assert len(actor.vars) == len(perturbed_actor.vars)
    assert len(actor.perturbable_vars) == len(perturbed_actor.perturbable_vars)

    updates = []
    for var, perturbed_var in zip(actor.vars, perturbed_actor.vars):
        if var in actor.perturbable_vars:
            logger.info('  {} <- {} + noise'.format(perturbed_var.name,
                                                    var.name))
            updates.append(
                tf.assign(
                    perturbed_var, var + tf.random_normal(
                        tf.shape(var), mean=0., stddev=param_noise_stddev)))
        else:
            logger.info('  {} <- {}'.format(perturbed_var.name, var.name))
            updates.append(tf.assign(perturbed_var, var))
    assert len(updates) == len(actor.vars)
    return tf.group(*updates)
コード例 #4
0
    def applyStatsEigen(self, eigen_list):
        updateOps = []
        print(('updating %d eigenvalue/vectors' % len(eigen_list)))
        for i, (tensor,
                mark) in enumerate(zip(eigen_list, self.eigen_update_list)):
            stats_eigen_var = self.eigen_reverse_lookup[mark]
            updateOps.append(
                tf.assign(stats_eigen_var, tensor, use_locking=True))

        with tf.control_dependencies(updateOps):
            factor_step_op = tf.assign_add(self.factor_step, 1)
            updateOps.append(factor_step_op)
            if KFAC_DEBUG:
                updateOps.append(
                    tf.Print(tf.constant(0.),
                             [tf.convert_to_tensor('updated kfac factors')]))
        return updateOps
コード例 #5
0
    def _apply_stats(self, statsUpdates, accumulate=False, accumulateCoeff=0.):
        updateOps = []
        # obtain the stats var list
        for stats_var in statsUpdates:
            stats_new = statsUpdates[stats_var]
            if accumulate:
                # simple superbatch averaging
                update_op = tf.assign_add(stats_var,
                                          accumulateCoeff * stats_new,
                                          use_locking=True)
            else:
                # exponential running averaging
                update_op = tf.assign(stats_var,
                                      stats_var * self._stats_decay,
                                      use_locking=True)
                update_op = tf.assign_add(update_op,
                                          (1. - self._stats_decay) * stats_new,
                                          use_locking=True)
            updateOps.append(update_op)

        with tf.control_dependencies(updateOps):
            stats_step_op = tf.assign_add(self.stats_step, 1)

        if KFAC_DEBUG:
            stats_step_op = (tf.Print(stats_step_op, [
                tf.convert_to_tensor('step:'), self.global_step,
                tf.convert_to_tensor('fac step:'), self.factor_step,
                tf.convert_to_tensor('sgd step:'), self.sgd_step,
                tf.convert_to_tensor('Accum:'),
                tf.convert_to_tensor(accumulate),
                tf.convert_to_tensor('Accum coeff:'),
                tf.convert_to_tensor(accumulateCoeff),
                tf.convert_to_tensor('stat step:'), self.stats_step,
                updateOps[0], updateOps[1]
            ]))
        return [
            stats_step_op,
        ]
コード例 #6
0
    def getKfacPrecondUpdates(self, gradlist, varlist):
        updatelist = []
        vg = 0.

        assert len(self.stats) > 0
        assert len(self.stats_eigen) > 0
        assert len(self.factors) > 0
        counter = 0

        grad_dict = {var: grad for grad, var in zip(gradlist, varlist)}

        for grad, var in zip(gradlist, varlist):
            GRAD_RESHAPE = False
            GRAD_TRANSPOSE = False

            fpropFactoredFishers = self.stats[var]['fprop_concat_stats']
            bpropFactoredFishers = self.stats[var]['bprop_concat_stats']

            if (len(fpropFactoredFishers) + len(bpropFactoredFishers)) > 0:
                counter += 1
                GRAD_SHAPE = grad.get_shape()
                if len(grad.get_shape()) > 2:
                    # reshape conv kernel parameters
                    KW = int(grad.get_shape()[0])
                    KH = int(grad.get_shape()[1])
                    C = int(grad.get_shape()[2])
                    D = int(grad.get_shape()[3])

                    if len(fpropFactoredFishers) > 1 and self._channel_fac:
                        # reshape conv kernel parameters into tensor
                        grad = tf.reshape(grad, [KW * KH, C, D])
                    else:
                        # reshape conv kernel parameters into 2D grad
                        grad = tf.reshape(grad, [-1, D])
                    GRAD_RESHAPE = True
                elif len(grad.get_shape()) == 1:
                    # reshape bias or 1D parameters
                    D = int(grad.get_shape()[0])

                    grad = tf.expand_dims(grad, 0)
                    GRAD_RESHAPE = True
                else:
                    # 2D parameters
                    C = int(grad.get_shape()[0])
                    D = int(grad.get_shape()[1])

                if (self.stats[var]['assnBias']
                        is not None) and not self._blockdiag_bias:
                    # use homogeneous coordinates only works for 2D grad.
                    # TO-DO: figure out how to factorize bias grad
                    # stack bias grad
                    var_assnBias = self.stats[var]['assnBias']
                    grad = tf.concat(
                        [grad,
                         tf.expand_dims(grad_dict[var_assnBias], 0)], 0)

                # project gradient to eigen space and reshape the eigenvalues
                # for broadcasting
                eigVals = []

                for idx, stats in enumerate(
                        self.stats[var]['fprop_concat_stats']):
                    Q = self.stats_eigen[stats]['Q']
                    e = detectMinVal(self.stats_eigen[stats]['e'],
                                     var,
                                     name='act',
                                     debug=KFAC_DEBUG)

                    Q, e = factorReshape(Q, e, grad, facIndx=idx, ftype='act')
                    eigVals.append(e)
                    grad = gmatmul(Q, grad, transpose_a=True, reduce_dim=idx)

                for idx, stats in enumerate(
                        self.stats[var]['bprop_concat_stats']):
                    Q = self.stats_eigen[stats]['Q']
                    e = detectMinVal(self.stats_eigen[stats]['e'],
                                     var,
                                     name='grad',
                                     debug=KFAC_DEBUG)

                    Q, e = factorReshape(Q, e, grad, facIndx=idx, ftype='grad')
                    eigVals.append(e)
                    grad = gmatmul(grad, Q, transpose_b=False, reduce_dim=idx)
                ##

                #####
                # whiten using eigenvalues
                weightDecayCoeff = 0.
                if var in self._weight_decay_dict:
                    weightDecayCoeff = self._weight_decay_dict[var]
                    if KFAC_DEBUG:
                        print(('weight decay coeff for %s is %f' %
                               (var.name, weightDecayCoeff)))

                if self._factored_damping:
                    if KFAC_DEBUG:
                        print(('use factored damping for %s' % (var.name)))
                    coeffs = 1.
                    num_factors = len(eigVals)
                    # compute the ratio of two trace norm of the left and right
                    # KFac matrices, and their generalization
                    if len(eigVals) == 1:
                        damping = self._epsilon + weightDecayCoeff
                    else:
                        damping = tf.pow(self._epsilon + weightDecayCoeff,
                                         1. / num_factors)
                    eigVals_tnorm_avg = [
                        tf.reduce_mean(tf.abs(e)) for e in eigVals
                    ]
                    for e, e_tnorm in zip(eigVals, eigVals_tnorm_avg):
                        eig_tnorm_negList = [
                            item for item in eigVals_tnorm_avg
                            if item != e_tnorm
                        ]
                        if len(eigVals) == 1:
                            adjustment = 1.
                        elif len(eigVals) == 2:
                            adjustment = tf.sqrt(e_tnorm /
                                                 eig_tnorm_negList[0])
                        else:
                            eig_tnorm_negList_prod = reduce(
                                lambda x, y: x * y, eig_tnorm_negList)
                            adjustment = tf.pow(
                                tf.pow(e_tnorm, num_factors - 1.) /
                                eig_tnorm_negList_prod, 1. / num_factors)
                        coeffs *= (e + adjustment * damping)
                else:
                    coeffs = 1.
                    damping = (self._epsilon + weightDecayCoeff)
                    for e in eigVals:
                        coeffs *= e
                    coeffs += damping

                #grad = tf.Print(grad, [tf.convert_to_tensor('1'), tf.convert_to_tensor(var.name), grad.get_shape()])

                grad /= coeffs

                #grad = tf.Print(grad, [tf.convert_to_tensor('2'), tf.convert_to_tensor(var.name), grad.get_shape()])
                #####
                # project gradient back to euclidean space
                for idx, stats in enumerate(
                        self.stats[var]['fprop_concat_stats']):
                    Q = self.stats_eigen[stats]['Q']
                    grad = gmatmul(Q, grad, transpose_a=False, reduce_dim=idx)

                for idx, stats in enumerate(
                        self.stats[var]['bprop_concat_stats']):
                    Q = self.stats_eigen[stats]['Q']
                    grad = gmatmul(grad, Q, transpose_b=True, reduce_dim=idx)
                ##

                #grad = tf.Print(grad, [tf.convert_to_tensor('3'), tf.convert_to_tensor(var.name), grad.get_shape()])
                if (self.stats[var]['assnBias']
                        is not None) and not self._blockdiag_bias:
                    # use homogeneous coordinates only works for 2D grad.
                    # TO-DO: figure out how to factorize bias grad
                    # un-stack bias grad
                    var_assnBias = self.stats[var]['assnBias']
                    C_plus_one = int(grad.get_shape()[0])
                    grad_assnBias = tf.reshape(
                        tf.slice(grad, begin=[C_plus_one - 1, 0], size=[1,
                                                                        -1]),
                        var_assnBias.get_shape())
                    grad_assnWeights = tf.slice(grad,
                                                begin=[0, 0],
                                                size=[C_plus_one - 1, -1])
                    grad_dict[var_assnBias] = grad_assnBias
                    grad = grad_assnWeights

                #grad = tf.Print(grad, [tf.convert_to_tensor('4'), tf.convert_to_tensor(var.name), grad.get_shape()])
                if GRAD_RESHAPE:
                    grad = tf.reshape(grad, GRAD_SHAPE)

                grad_dict[var] = grad

        print(('projecting %d gradient matrices' % counter))

        for g, var in zip(gradlist, varlist):
            grad = grad_dict[var]
            ### clipping ###
            if KFAC_DEBUG:
                print(('apply clipping to %s' % (var.name)))
            tf.Print(grad, [tf.sqrt(tf.reduce_sum(tf.pow(grad, 2)))],
                     "Euclidean norm of new grad")
            local_vg = tf.reduce_sum(grad * g * (self._lr * self._lr))
            vg += local_vg

        # recale everything
        if KFAC_DEBUG:
            print('apply vFv clipping')

        scaling = tf.minimum(1., tf.sqrt(self._clip_kl / vg))
        if KFAC_DEBUG:
            scaling = tf.Print(scaling, [
                tf.convert_to_tensor('clip: '), scaling,
                tf.convert_to_tensor(' vFv: '), vg
            ])
        with tf.control_dependencies([tf.assign(self.vFv, vg)]):
            updatelist = [grad_dict[var] for var in varlist]
            for i, item in enumerate(updatelist):
                updatelist[i] = scaling * item

        return updatelist
コード例 #7
0
def learn(
    env,
    policy_fn,
    *,
    timesteps_per_actorbatch,  # timesteps per actor per update
    clip_param,
    entcoeff,  # clipping parameter epsilon, entropy coeff
    optim_epochs,
    optim_stepsize,
    optim_batchsize,  # optimization hypers
    gamma,
    lam,  # advantage estimation
    max_timesteps=0,
    max_episodes=0,
    max_iters=0,
    max_seconds=0,  # time constraint
    callback=None,  # you can do anything in the callback, since it takes locals(), globals()
    adam_epsilon=1e-5,
    schedule='constant'  # annealing for stepsize parameters (epsilon and adam)
):
    # Setup losses and stuff
    # ----------------------------------------
    ob_space = env.observation_space
    ac_space = env.action_space
    pi = policy_fn("pi", ob_space,
                   ac_space)  # Construct network for new policy
    oldpi = policy_fn("oldpi", ob_space, ac_space)  # Network for old policy
    atarg = tf.placeholder(
        dtype=tf.float32,
        shape=[None])  # Target advantage function (if applicable)
    ret = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32, shape=[None])  # Empirical return

    lrmult = tf.placeholder(
        name='lrmult', dtype=tf.float32,
        shape=[])  # learning rate multiplier, updated with schedule
    clip_param = clip_param * lrmult  # Annealed cliping parameter epislon

    ob = U.get_placeholder_cached(name="ob")
    ac = pi.pdtype.sample_placeholder([None])

    kloldnew = oldpi.pd.kl(pi.pd)
    ent = pi.pd.entropy()
    meankl = tf.reduce_mean(kloldnew)
    meanent = tf.reduce_mean(ent)
    pol_entpen = (-entcoeff) * meanent

    ratio = tf.exp(pi.pd.logp(ac) - oldpi.pd.logp(ac))  # pnew / pold
    surr1 = ratio * atarg  # surrogate from conservative policy iteration
    surr2 = tf.clip_by_value(ratio, 1.0 - clip_param,
                             1.0 + clip_param) * atarg  #
    pol_surr = -tf.reduce_mean(tf.minimum(
        surr1, surr2))  # PPO's pessimistic surrogate (L^CLIP)
    vf_loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(pi.vpred - ret))
    total_loss = pol_surr + pol_entpen + vf_loss
    losses = [pol_surr, pol_entpen, vf_loss, meankl, meanent]
    loss_names = ["pol_surr", "pol_entpen", "vf_loss", "kl", "ent"]

    var_list = pi.get_trainable_variables()
    lossandgrad = U.function([ob, ac, atarg, ret, lrmult],
                             losses + [U.flatgrad(total_loss, var_list)])
    adam = MpiAdam(var_list, epsilon=adam_epsilon)

    assign_old_eq_new = U.function(
        [], [],
        updates=[
            tf.assign(oldv, newv)
            for (oldv,
                 newv) in zipsame(oldpi.get_variables(), pi.get_variables())
        ])
    compute_losses = U.function([ob, ac, atarg, ret, lrmult], losses)

    U.initialize()
    adam.sync()

    # Prepare for rollouts
    # ----------------------------------------
    seg_gen = traj_segment_generator(pi,
                                     env,
                                     timesteps_per_actorbatch,
                                     stochastic=True)

    episodes_so_far = 0
    timesteps_so_far = 0
    iters_so_far = 0
    tstart = time.time()
    lenbuffer = deque(maxlen=100)  # rolling buffer for episode lengths
    rewbuffer = deque(maxlen=100)  # rolling buffer for episode rewards

    assert sum(
        [max_iters > 0, max_timesteps > 0, max_episodes > 0,
         max_seconds > 0]) == 1, "Only one time constraint permitted"

    while True:
        if callback: callback(locals(), globals())
        if max_timesteps and timesteps_so_far >= max_timesteps:
            break
        elif max_episodes and episodes_so_far >= max_episodes:
            break
        elif max_iters and iters_so_far >= max_iters:
            break
        elif max_seconds and time.time() - tstart >= max_seconds:
            break

        if schedule == 'constant':
            cur_lrmult = 1.0
        elif schedule == 'linear':
            cur_lrmult = max(1.0 - float(timesteps_so_far) / max_timesteps, 0)
        else:
            raise NotImplementedError

        logger.log("********** Iteration %i ************" % iters_so_far)

        seg = seg_gen.__next__()
        add_vtarg_and_adv(seg, gamma, lam)

        # ob, ac, atarg, ret, td1ret = map(np.concatenate, (obs, acs, atargs, rets, td1rets))
        ob, ac, atarg, tdlamret = seg["ob"], seg["ac"], seg["adv"], seg[
            "tdlamret"]
        vpredbefore = seg["vpred"]  # predicted value function before udpate
        atarg = (atarg - atarg.mean()
                 ) / atarg.std()  # standardized advantage function estimate
        d = Dataset(dict(ob=ob, ac=ac, atarg=atarg, vtarg=tdlamret),
                    shuffle=not pi.recurrent)
        optim_batchsize = optim_batchsize or ob.shape[0]

        if hasattr(pi, "ob_rms"):
            pi.ob_rms.update(ob)  # update running mean/std for policy

        assign_old_eq_new()  # set old parameter values to new parameter values
        logger.log("Optimizing...")
        logger.log(fmt_row(13, loss_names))
        # Here we do a bunch of optimization epochs over the data
        for _ in range(optim_epochs):
            losses = [
            ]  # list of tuples, each of which gives the loss for a minibatch
            for batch in d.iterate_once(optim_batchsize):
                *newlosses, g = lossandgrad(batch["ob"], batch["ac"],
                                            batch["atarg"], batch["vtarg"],
                                            cur_lrmult)
                adam.update(g, optim_stepsize * cur_lrmult)
                losses.append(newlosses)
            logger.log(fmt_row(13, np.mean(losses, axis=0)))

        logger.log("Evaluating losses...")
        losses = []
        for batch in d.iterate_once(optim_batchsize):
            newlosses = compute_losses(batch["ob"], batch["ac"],
                                       batch["atarg"], batch["vtarg"],
                                       cur_lrmult)
            losses.append(newlosses)
        meanlosses, _, _ = mpi_moments(losses, axis=0)
        logger.log(fmt_row(13, meanlosses))
        for (lossval, name) in zipsame(meanlosses, loss_names):
            logger.record_tabular("loss_" + name, lossval)
        logger.record_tabular("ev_tdlam_before",
                              explained_variance(vpredbefore, tdlamret))
        lrlocal = (seg["ep_lens"], seg["ep_rets"])  # local values
        listoflrpairs = MPI.COMM_WORLD.allgather(lrlocal)  # list of tuples
        lens, rews = map(flatten_lists, zip(*listoflrpairs))
        lenbuffer.extend(lens)
        rewbuffer.extend(rews)
        logger.record_tabular("EpLenMean", np.mean(lenbuffer))
        logger.record_tabular("EpRewMean", np.mean(rewbuffer))
        logger.record_tabular("EpThisIter", len(lens))
        episodes_so_far += len(lens)
        timesteps_so_far += sum(lens)
        iters_so_far += 1
        logger.record_tabular("EpisodesSoFar", episodes_so_far)
        logger.record_tabular("TimestepsSoFar", timesteps_so_far)
        logger.record_tabular("TimeElapsed", time.time() - tstart)
        if MPI.COMM_WORLD.Get_rank() == 0:
            logger.dump_tabular()

    return pi
コード例 #8
0
    def __init__(self, size, eps=1e-2, default_clip_range=np.inf, sess=None):
        """A normalizer that ensures that observations are approximately distributed according to
        a standard Normal distribution (i.e. have mean zero and variance one).

        Args:
            size (int): the size of the observation to be normalized
            eps (float): a small constant that avoids underflows
            default_clip_range (float): normalized observations are clipped to be in
                [-default_clip_range, default_clip_range]
            sess (object): the TensorFlow session to be used
        """
        self.size = size
        self.eps = eps
        self.default_clip_range = default_clip_range
        self.sess = sess if sess is not None else tf.get_default_session()

        self.local_sum = np.zeros(self.size, np.float32)
        self.local_sumsq = np.zeros(self.size, np.float32)
        self.local_count = np.zeros(1, np.float32)

        self.sum_tf = tf.get_variable(initializer=tf.zeros_initializer(),
                                      shape=self.local_sum.shape,
                                      name='sum',
                                      trainable=False,
                                      dtype=tf.float32)
        self.sumsq_tf = tf.get_variable(initializer=tf.zeros_initializer(),
                                        shape=self.local_sumsq.shape,
                                        name='sumsq',
                                        trainable=False,
                                        dtype=tf.float32)
        self.count_tf = tf.get_variable(initializer=tf.ones_initializer(),
                                        shape=self.local_count.shape,
                                        name='count',
                                        trainable=False,
                                        dtype=tf.float32)
        self.mean = tf.get_variable(initializer=tf.zeros_initializer(),
                                    shape=(self.size, ),
                                    name='mean',
                                    trainable=False,
                                    dtype=tf.float32)
        self.std = tf.get_variable(initializer=tf.ones_initializer(),
                                   shape=(self.size, ),
                                   name='std',
                                   trainable=False,
                                   dtype=tf.float32)
        self.count_pl = tf.placeholder(name='count_pl',
                                       shape=(1, ),
                                       dtype=tf.float32)
        self.sum_pl = tf.placeholder(name='sum_pl',
                                     shape=(self.size, ),
                                     dtype=tf.float32)
        self.sumsq_pl = tf.placeholder(name='sumsq_pl',
                                       shape=(self.size, ),
                                       dtype=tf.float32)

        self.update_op = tf.group(self.count_tf.assign_add(self.count_pl),
                                  self.sum_tf.assign_add(self.sum_pl),
                                  self.sumsq_tf.assign_add(self.sumsq_pl))
        self.recompute_op = tf.group(
            tf.assign(self.mean, self.sum_tf / self.count_tf),
            tf.assign(
                self.std,
                tf.sqrt(
                    tf.maximum(
                        tf.square(self.eps), self.sumsq_tf / self.count_tf -
                        tf.square(self.sum_tf / self.count_tf)))),
        )
        self.lock = threading.Lock()
コード例 #9
0
def learn(env,
          policy_func,
          reward_giver,
          expert_dataset,
          rank,
          pretrained,
          pretrained_weight,
          *,
          g_step,
          d_step,
          entcoeff,
          save_per_iter,
          ckpt_dir,
          log_dir,
          timesteps_per_batch,
          task_name,
          gamma,
          lam,
          max_kl,
          cg_iters,
          cg_damping=1e-2,
          vf_stepsize=3e-4,
          d_stepsize=3e-4,
          vf_iters=3,
          max_timesteps=0,
          max_episodes=0,
          max_iters=0,
          callback=None):

    nworkers = MPI.COMM_WORLD.Get_size()
    rank = MPI.COMM_WORLD.Get_rank()
    np.set_printoptions(precision=3)
    # Setup losses and stuff
    # ----------------------------------------
    ob_space = env.observation_space
    ac_space = env.action_space
    pi = policy_func("pi",
                     ob_space,
                     ac_space,
                     reuse=(pretrained_weight != None))
    oldpi = policy_func("oldpi", ob_space, ac_space)
    atarg = tf.placeholder(
        dtype=tf.float32,
        shape=[None])  # Target advantage function (if applicable)
    ret = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32, shape=[None])  # Empirical return

    ob = U.get_placeholder_cached(name="ob")
    ac = pi.pdtype.sample_placeholder([None])

    kloldnew = oldpi.pd.kl(pi.pd)
    ent = pi.pd.entropy()
    meankl = tf.reduce_mean(kloldnew)
    meanent = tf.reduce_mean(ent)
    entbonus = entcoeff * meanent

    vferr = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(pi.vpred - ret))

    ratio = tf.exp(pi.pd.logp(ac) -
                   oldpi.pd.logp(ac))  # advantage * pnew / pold
    surrgain = tf.reduce_mean(ratio * atarg)

    optimgain = surrgain + entbonus
    losses = [optimgain, meankl, entbonus, surrgain, meanent]
    loss_names = ["optimgain", "meankl", "entloss", "surrgain", "entropy"]

    dist = meankl

    all_var_list = pi.get_trainable_variables()
    var_list = [
        v for v in all_var_list
        if v.name.startswith("pi/pol") or v.name.startswith("pi/logstd")
    ]
    vf_var_list = [v for v in all_var_list if v.name.startswith("pi/vff")]
    assert len(var_list) == len(vf_var_list) + 1
    d_adam = MpiAdam(reward_giver.get_trainable_variables())
    vfadam = MpiAdam(vf_var_list)

    get_flat = U.GetFlat(var_list)
    set_from_flat = U.SetFromFlat(var_list)
    klgrads = tf.gradients(dist, var_list)
    flat_tangent = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32,
                                  shape=[None],
                                  name="flat_tan")
    shapes = [var.get_shape().as_list() for var in var_list]
    start = 0
    tangents = []
    for shape in shapes:
        sz = U.intprod(shape)
        tangents.append(tf.reshape(flat_tangent[start:start + sz], shape))
        start += sz
    gvp = tf.add_n([
        tf.reduce_sum(g * tangent)
        for (g, tangent) in zipsame(klgrads, tangents)
    ])  # pylint: disable=E1111
    fvp = U.flatgrad(gvp, var_list)

    assign_old_eq_new = U.function(
        [], [],
        updates=[
            tf.assign(oldv, newv)
            for (oldv,
                 newv) in zipsame(oldpi.get_variables(), pi.get_variables())
        ])
    compute_losses = U.function([ob, ac, atarg], losses)
    compute_lossandgrad = U.function([ob, ac, atarg], losses +
                                     [U.flatgrad(optimgain, var_list)])
    compute_fvp = U.function([flat_tangent, ob, ac, atarg], fvp)
    compute_vflossandgrad = U.function([ob, ret],
                                       U.flatgrad(vferr, vf_var_list))

    @contextmanager
    def timed(msg):
        if rank == 0:
            print(colorize(msg, color='magenta'))
            tstart = time.time()
            yield
            print(
                colorize("done in %.3f seconds" % (time.time() - tstart),
                         color='magenta'))
        else:
            yield

    def allmean(x):
        assert isinstance(x, np.ndarray)
        out = np.empty_like(x)
        MPI.COMM_WORLD.Allreduce(x, out, op=MPI.SUM)
        out /= nworkers
        return out

    U.initialize()
    th_init = get_flat()
    MPI.COMM_WORLD.Bcast(th_init, root=0)
    set_from_flat(th_init)
    d_adam.sync()
    vfadam.sync()
    if rank == 0:
        print("Init param sum", th_init.sum(), flush=True)

    # Prepare for rollouts
    # ----------------------------------------
    seg_gen = traj_segment_generator(pi,
                                     env,
                                     reward_giver,
                                     timesteps_per_batch,
                                     stochastic=True)

    episodes_so_far = 0
    timesteps_so_far = 0
    iters_so_far = 0
    tstart = time.time()
    lenbuffer = deque(maxlen=40)  # rolling buffer for episode lengths
    rewbuffer = deque(maxlen=40)  # rolling buffer for episode rewards
    true_rewbuffer = deque(maxlen=40)

    assert sum([max_iters > 0, max_timesteps > 0, max_episodes > 0]) == 1

    g_loss_stats = stats(loss_names)
    d_loss_stats = stats(reward_giver.loss_name)
    ep_stats = stats(["True_rewards", "Rewards", "Episode_length"])
    # if provide pretrained weight
    if pretrained_weight is not None:
        U.load_state(pretrained_weight, var_list=pi.get_variables())

    while True:
        if callback: callback(locals(), globals())
        if max_timesteps and timesteps_so_far >= max_timesteps:
            break
        elif max_episodes and episodes_so_far >= max_episodes:
            break
        elif max_iters and iters_so_far >= max_iters:
            break

        # Save model
        if rank == 0 and iters_so_far % save_per_iter == 0 and ckpt_dir is not None:
            fname = os.path.join(ckpt_dir, task_name)
            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(fname), exist_ok=True)
            saver = tf.train.Saver()
            saver.save(tf.get_default_session(), fname)

        logger.log("********** Iteration %i ************" % iters_so_far)

        def fisher_vector_product(p):
            return allmean(compute_fvp(p, *fvpargs)) + cg_damping * p

        # ------------------ Update G ------------------
        logger.log("Optimizing Policy...")
        for _ in range(g_step):
            with timed("sampling"):
                seg = seg_gen.__next__()
            add_vtarg_and_adv(seg, gamma, lam)
            # ob, ac, atarg, ret, td1ret = map(np.concatenate, (obs, acs, atargs, rets, td1rets))
            ob, ac, atarg, tdlamret = seg["ob"], seg["ac"], seg["adv"], seg[
                "tdlamret"]
            vpredbefore = seg[
                "vpred"]  # predicted value function before udpate
            atarg = (atarg - atarg.mean()) / atarg.std(
            )  # standardized advantage function estimate

            if hasattr(pi, "ob_rms"):
                pi.ob_rms.update(ob)  # update running mean/std for policy

            args = seg["ob"], seg["ac"], atarg
            fvpargs = [arr[::5] for arr in args]

            assign_old_eq_new(
            )  # set old parameter values to new parameter values
            with timed("computegrad"):
                *lossbefore, g = compute_lossandgrad(*args)
            lossbefore = allmean(np.array(lossbefore))
            g = allmean(g)
            if np.allclose(g, 0):
                logger.log("Got zero gradient. not updating")
            else:
                with timed("cg"):
                    stepdir = cg(fisher_vector_product,
                                 g,
                                 cg_iters=cg_iters,
                                 verbose=rank == 0)
                assert np.isfinite(stepdir).all()
                shs = .5 * stepdir.dot(fisher_vector_product(stepdir))
                lm = np.sqrt(shs / max_kl)
                # logger.log("lagrange multiplier:", lm, "gnorm:", np.linalg.norm(g))
                fullstep = stepdir / lm
                expectedimprove = g.dot(fullstep)
                surrbefore = lossbefore[0]
                stepsize = 1.0
                thbefore = get_flat()
                for _ in range(10):
                    thnew = thbefore + fullstep * stepsize
                    set_from_flat(thnew)
                    meanlosses = surr, kl, *_ = allmean(
                        np.array(compute_losses(*args)))
                    improve = surr - surrbefore
                    logger.log("Expected: %.3f Actual: %.3f" %
                               (expectedimprove, improve))
                    if not np.isfinite(meanlosses).all():
                        logger.log("Got non-finite value of losses -- bad!")
                    elif kl > max_kl * 1.5:
                        logger.log("violated KL constraint. shrinking step.")
                    elif improve < 0:
                        logger.log("surrogate didn't improve. shrinking step.")
                    else:
                        logger.log("Stepsize OK!")
                        break
                    stepsize *= .5
                else:
                    logger.log("couldn't compute a good step")
                    set_from_flat(thbefore)
                if nworkers > 1 and iters_so_far % 20 == 0:
                    paramsums = MPI.COMM_WORLD.allgather(
                        (thnew.sum(),
                         vfadam.getflat().sum()))  # list of tuples
                    assert all(
                        np.allclose(ps, paramsums[0]) for ps in paramsums[1:])
            with timed("vf"):
                for _ in range(vf_iters):
                    for (mbob, mbret) in dataset.iterbatches(
                        (seg["ob"], seg["tdlamret"]),
                            include_final_partial_batch=False,
                            batch_size=128):
                        if hasattr(pi, "ob_rms"):
                            pi.ob_rms.update(
                                mbob)  # update running mean/std for policy
                        g = allmean(compute_vflossandgrad(mbob, mbret))
                        vfadam.update(g, vf_stepsize)

        g_losses = meanlosses
        for (lossname, lossval) in zip(loss_names, meanlosses):
            logger.record_tabular(lossname, lossval)
        logger.record_tabular("ev_tdlam_before",
                              explained_variance(vpredbefore, tdlamret))
        # ------------------ Update D ------------------
        logger.log("Optimizing Discriminator...")
        logger.log(fmt_row(13, reward_giver.loss_name))
        ob_expert, ac_expert = expert_dataset.get_next_batch(len(ob))
        batch_size = len(ob) // d_step
        d_losses = [
        ]  # list of tuples, each of which gives the loss for a minibatch
        for ob_batch, ac_batch in dataset.iterbatches(
            (ob, ac), include_final_partial_batch=False,
                batch_size=batch_size):
            ob_expert, ac_expert = expert_dataset.get_next_batch(len(ob_batch))
            # update running mean/std for reward_giver
            if hasattr(reward_giver, "obs_rms"):
                reward_giver.obs_rms.update(
                    np.concatenate((ob_batch, ob_expert), 0))
            *newlosses, g = reward_giver.lossandgrad(ob_batch, ac_batch,
                                                     ob_expert, ac_expert)
            d_adam.update(allmean(g), d_stepsize)
            d_losses.append(newlosses)
        logger.log(fmt_row(13, np.mean(d_losses, axis=0)))

        lrlocal = (seg["ep_lens"], seg["ep_rets"], seg["ep_true_rets"]
                   )  # local values
        listoflrpairs = MPI.COMM_WORLD.allgather(lrlocal)  # list of tuples
        lens, rews, true_rets = map(flatten_lists, zip(*listoflrpairs))
        true_rewbuffer.extend(true_rets)
        lenbuffer.extend(lens)
        rewbuffer.extend(rews)

        logger.record_tabular("EpLenMean", np.mean(lenbuffer))
        logger.record_tabular("EpRewMean", np.mean(rewbuffer))
        logger.record_tabular("EpTrueRewMean", np.mean(true_rewbuffer))
        logger.record_tabular("EpThisIter", len(lens))
        episodes_so_far += len(lens)
        timesteps_so_far += sum(lens)
        iters_so_far += 1

        logger.record_tabular("EpisodesSoFar", episodes_so_far)
        logger.record_tabular("TimestepsSoFar", timesteps_so_far)
        logger.record_tabular("TimeElapsed", time.time() - tstart)

        if rank == 0:
            logger.dump_tabular()
コード例 #10
0
def learn(*,
          network,
          env,
          total_timesteps,
          timesteps_per_batch=1024,  # what to train on
          max_kl=0.001,
          cg_iters=10,
          gamma=0.99,
          lam=1.0,  # advantage estimation
          seed=None,
          ent_coef=0.0,
          cg_damping=1e-2,
          vf_stepsize=3e-4,
          vf_iters=3,
          max_episodes=0, max_iters=0,  # time constraint
          callback=None,
          load_path=None,
          **network_kwargs
          ):
    '''
    learn a policy function with TRPO algorithm

    Parameters:
    ----------

    network                 neural network to learn. Can be either string ('mlp', 'cnn', 'lstm', 'lnlstm' for basic types)
                            or function that takes input placeholder and returns tuple (output, None) for feedforward nets
                            or (output, (state_placeholder, state_output, mask_placeholder)) for recurrent nets

    env                     environment (one of the gym environments or wrapped via tensorflow_code-pytorch.common.vec_env.VecEnv-type class

    timesteps_per_batch     timesteps per gradient estimation batch

    max_kl                  max KL divergence between old policy and new policy ( KL(pi_old || pi) )

    ent_coef                coefficient of policy entropy term in the optimization objective

    cg_iters                number of iterations of conjugate gradient algorithm

    cg_damping              conjugate gradient damping

    vf_stepsize             learning rate for adam optimizer used to optimie value function loss

    vf_iters                number of iterations of value function optimization iterations per each policy optimization step

    total_timesteps           max number of timesteps

    max_episodes            max number of episodes

    max_iters               maximum number of policy optimization iterations

    callback                function to be called with (locals(), globals()) each policy optimization step

    load_path               str, path to load the model from (default: None, i.e. no model is loaded)

    **network_kwargs        keyword arguments to the policy / network builder. See baselines.common/policies.py/build_policy and arguments to a particular type of network

    Returns:
    -------

    learnt model

    '''

    nworkers = MPI.COMM_WORLD.Get_size()
    rank = MPI.COMM_WORLD.Get_rank()

    cpus_per_worker = 1
    U.get_session(config=tf.ConfigProto(
        allow_soft_placement=True,
        inter_op_parallelism_threads=cpus_per_worker,
        intra_op_parallelism_threads=cpus_per_worker
    ))

    policy = build_policy(env, network, value_network='copy', **network_kwargs)
    set_global_seeds(seed)

    np.set_printoptions(precision=3)
    # Setup losses and stuff
    # ----------------------------------------
    ob_space = env.observation_space
    ac_space = env.action_space

    ob = observation_placeholder(ob_space)
    with tf.variable_scope("pi"):
        pi = policy(observ_placeholder=ob)
    with tf.variable_scope("oldpi"):
        oldpi = policy(observ_placeholder=ob)

    atarg = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32, shape=[None])  # Target advantage function (if applicable)
    ret = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32, shape=[None])  # Empirical return

    ac = pi.pdtype.sample_placeholder([None])

    kloldnew = oldpi.pd.kl(pi.pd)
    ent = pi.pd.entropy()
    meankl = tf.reduce_mean(kloldnew)
    meanent = tf.reduce_mean(ent)
    entbonus = ent_coef * meanent

    vferr = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(pi.vf - ret))

    ratio = tf.exp(pi.pd.logp(ac) - oldpi.pd.logp(ac))  # advantage * pnew / pold
    surrgain = tf.reduce_mean(ratio * atarg)

    optimgain = surrgain + entbonus
    losses = [optimgain, meankl, entbonus, surrgain, meanent]
    loss_names = ["optimgain", "meankl", "entloss", "surrgain", "entropy"]

    dist = meankl

    all_var_list = get_trainable_variables("pi")
    # var_list = [v for v in all_var_list if v.name.split("/")[1].startswith("pol")]
    # vf_var_list = [v for v in all_var_list if v.name.split("/")[1].startswith("vf")]
    var_list = get_pi_trainable_variables("pi")
    vf_var_list = get_vf_trainable_variables("pi")

    vfadam = MpiAdam(vf_var_list)

    get_flat = U.GetFlat(var_list)
    set_from_flat = U.SetFromFlat(var_list)
    klgrads = tf.gradients(dist, var_list)
    flat_tangent = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32, shape=[None], name="flat_tan")
    shapes = [var.get_shape().as_list() for var in var_list]
    start = 0
    tangents = []
    for shape in shapes:
        sz = U.intprod(shape)
        tangents.append(tf.reshape(flat_tangent[start:start + sz], shape))
        start += sz
    gvp = tf.add_n([tf.reduce_sum(g * tangent) for (g, tangent) in zipsame(klgrads, tangents)])  # pylint: disable=E1111
    fvp = U.flatgrad(gvp, var_list)

    assign_old_eq_new = U.function([], [], updates=[tf.assign(oldv, newv)
                                                    for (oldv, newv) in
                                                    zipsame(get_variables("oldpi"), get_variables("pi"))])

    compute_losses = U.function([ob, ac, atarg], losses)
    compute_lossandgrad = U.function([ob, ac, atarg], losses + [U.flatgrad(optimgain, var_list)])
    compute_fvp = U.function([flat_tangent, ob, ac, atarg], fvp)
    compute_vflossandgrad = U.function([ob, ret], U.flatgrad(vferr, vf_var_list))

    @contextmanager
    def timed(msg):
        if rank == 0:
            print(colorize(msg, color='magenta'))
            tstart = time.time()
            yield
            print(colorize("done in %.3f seconds" % (time.time() - tstart), color='magenta'))
        else:
            yield

    def allmean(x):
        assert isinstance(x, np.ndarray)
        out = np.empty_like(x)
        MPI.COMM_WORLD.Allreduce(x, out, op=MPI.SUM)
        out /= nworkers
        return out

    U.initialize()
    if load_path is not None:
        pi.load(load_path)

    th_init = get_flat()
    MPI.COMM_WORLD.Bcast(th_init, root=0)
    set_from_flat(th_init)
    vfadam.sync()
    print("Init param sum", th_init.sum(), flush=True)

    # Prepare for rollouts
    # ----------------------------------------
    seg_gen = traj_segment_generator(pi, env, timesteps_per_batch, stochastic=True)

    episodes_so_far = 0
    timesteps_so_far = 0
    iters_so_far = 0
    tstart = time.time()
    lenbuffer = deque(maxlen=40)  # rolling buffer for episode lengths
    rewbuffer = deque(maxlen=40)  # rolling buffer for episode rewards

    if sum([max_iters > 0, total_timesteps > 0, max_episodes > 0]) == 0:
        # noththing to be done
        return pi

    assert sum([max_iters > 0, total_timesteps > 0, max_episodes > 0]) < 2, \
        'out of max_iters, total_timesteps, and max_episodes only one should be specified'

    while True:
        if callback: callback(locals(), globals())
        if total_timesteps and timesteps_so_far >= total_timesteps:
            break
        elif max_episodes and episodes_so_far >= max_episodes:
            break
        elif max_iters and iters_so_far >= max_iters:
            break
        logger.log("********** Iteration %i ************" % iters_so_far)

        with timed("sampling"):
            seg = seg_gen.__next__()
        add_vtarg_and_adv(seg, gamma, lam)

        # ob, ac, atarg, ret, td1ret = map(np.concatenate, (obs, acs, atargs, rets, td1rets))
        ob, ac, atarg, tdlamret = seg["ob"], seg["ac"], seg["adv"], seg["tdlamret"]
        vpredbefore = seg["vpred"]  # predicted value function before udpate
        atarg = (atarg - atarg.mean()) / atarg.std()  # standardized advantage function estimate

        if hasattr(pi, "ret_rms"): pi.ret_rms.update(tdlamret)
        if hasattr(pi, "ob_rms"): pi.ob_rms.update(ob)  # update running mean/std for policy

        args = seg["ob"], seg["ac"], atarg
        fvpargs = [arr[::5] for arr in args]

        def fisher_vector_product(p):
            return allmean(compute_fvp(p, *fvpargs)) + cg_damping * p

        assign_old_eq_new()  # set old parameter values to new parameter values
        with timed("computegrad"):
            *lossbefore, g = compute_lossandgrad(*args)
        lossbefore = allmean(np.array(lossbefore))
        g = allmean(g)
        if np.allclose(g, 0):
            logger.log("Got zero gradient. not updating")
        else:
            with timed("cg"):
                stepdir = cg(fisher_vector_product, g, cg_iters=cg_iters, verbose=rank == 0)
            assert np.isfinite(stepdir).all()
            shs = .5 * stepdir.dot(fisher_vector_product(stepdir))
            lm = np.sqrt(shs / max_kl)

            # logger.log("lagrange multiplier:", lm, "gnorm:", np.linalg.norm(g))
            fullstep = stepdir / lm
            expectedimprove = g.dot(fullstep)
            surrbefore = lossbefore[0]
            stepsize = 1.0
            thbefore = get_flat()
            for _ in range(10):
                thnew = thbefore + fullstep * stepsize
                set_from_flat(thnew)
                meanlosses = surr, kl, *_ = allmean(np.array(compute_losses(*args)))
                improve = surr - surrbefore
                logger.log("Expected: %.3f Actual: %.3f" % (expectedimprove, improve))
                if not np.isfinite(meanlosses).all():
                    logger.log("Got non-finite value of losses -- bad!")
                elif kl > max_kl * 1.5:
                    logger.log("violated KL constraint. shrinking step.")
                elif improve < 0:
                    logger.log("surrogate didn't improve. shrinking step.")
                else:
                    logger.log("Stepsize OK!")
                    break
                stepsize *= .5
            else:
                logger.log("couldn't compute a good step")
                set_from_flat(thbefore)
            if nworkers > 1 and iters_so_far % 20 == 0:
                paramsums = MPI.COMM_WORLD.allgather((thnew.sum(), vfadam.getflat().sum()))  # list of tuples
                assert all(np.allclose(ps, paramsums[0]) for ps in paramsums[1:])

        for (lossname, lossval) in zip(loss_names, meanlosses):
            logger.record_tabular(lossname, lossval)

        with timed("vf"):

            for _ in range(vf_iters):
                for (mbob, mbret) in dataset.iterbatches((seg["ob"], seg["tdlamret"]),
                                                         include_final_partial_batch=False, batch_size=64):
                    g = allmean(compute_vflossandgrad(mbob, mbret))
                    vfadam.update(g, vf_stepsize)

        logger.record_tabular("ev_tdlam_before", explained_variance(vpredbefore, tdlamret))

        lrlocal = (seg["ep_lens"], seg["ep_rets"])  # local values
        listoflrpairs = MPI.COMM_WORLD.allgather(lrlocal)  # list of tuples
        lens, rews = map(flatten_lists, zip(*listoflrpairs))
        lenbuffer.extend(lens)
        rewbuffer.extend(rews)

        logger.record_tabular("EpLenMean", np.mean(lenbuffer))
        logger.record_tabular("EpRewMean", np.mean(rewbuffer))
        logger.record_tabular("EpThisIter", len(lens))
        episodes_so_far += len(lens)
        timesteps_so_far += sum(lens)
        iters_so_far += 1

        logger.record_tabular("EpisodesSoFar", episodes_so_far)
        logger.record_tabular("TimestepsSoFar", timesteps_so_far)
        logger.record_tabular("TimeElapsed", time.time() - tstart)

        if rank == 0:
            logger.dump_tabular()

    return pi