def __init__(self):
self.memory = Memory()
self.registers = [
Word(Byte(0b0), Byte(0b0), Byte(0b0), Byte(0b0)) for _ in Register
]
self.registers[Register.sp] = Word.from_int(self.memory.size - 1 - 4)
self.stdout = []
self.stdin = []
self.flags = set()
def read_word(self, address):
return Word(
self.memory[address + 0],
self.memory[address + 1],
self.memory[address + 2],
self.memory[address + 3],
)
def define_word(input_stream):
'''
Extract the name, paren comment, and body for the word.
Add the newly compiled word to Words.
'''
name, open_paren = input_stream.take(2)
if open_paren != "(":
input_stream.clear()
raise SyntaxError("definitions need a stack comment in ( )!")
comment = take_tokens("(", ")", input_stream)
body = take_tokens(":", ";", input_stream)
for word in body:
if must_be_defined(word) and word != name:
input_stream.clear()
raise RunTimeError(
f"""You must define `{word}` before invoking it!""")
redefined = name in Words.keys()
Words[name] = Word(comment, body)
if redefined:
print(f"""`{name}` was redefined.""")
def read_word(stream):
b1, = stream.read_int(7)
b2, = stream.read_int(7)
b3, = stream.read_int(7)
b4, = stream.read_int(7)
return Word(Byte(b1), Byte(b2), Byte(b3), Byte(b4))
def reset_app():
global machine
machine = Machine()
orc = orc_parser.parse("chall2.exe")
segment = orc.segments[1]
base = segment.base.int_value()
offset = segment.offset.int_value()
data = orc.data
for i in range(segment.size.int_value()):
machine.memory.write_byte(Word.from_int(base + i), data[offset + i])
machine.registers[Register.pc] = Word.from_int(base)
def run(self, machine):
current = machine.registers[Register.pc].int_value()
offset = machine.registers[self.value_register].int_value()
return MachineUpdate(
registers={
Register.pc: Word.from_int(current + offset + self.size),
})
def run(self, machine):
if Flag.ZF not in machine.flags:
return MachineUpdate()
current = machine.registers[Register.pc].int_value()
offset = machine.registers[self.value_register].int_value()
updated_pc = Word.from_int(current + offset + self.size)
return MachineUpdate(registers={
Register.pc: updated_pc,
})
def run(self, machine):
if (Flag.SF in machine.flags) == (Flag.OF in machine.flags):
return MachineUpdate()
current = machine.registers[Register.pc].int_value()
offset = self.value_word.int_value()
updated_pc = Word.from_int(current + offset + self.size)
return MachineUpdate(registers={
Register.pc: updated_pc,
})
def subtract_word(word1, word2):
flags = set()
int_result = word1.int_value() - word2.int_value()
if int_result == 0:
flags.add(Flag.ZF)
sign_bit = 1 << 27
if int_result & sign_bit:
flags.add(Flag.SF)
return Word.from_int(int_result), flags
def add_word(word1, word2):
flags = set()
int_sum = word1.int_value() + word2.int_value()
if int_sum == 0:
flags.add(Flag.ZF)
sign_bit = 1 << 27
overflow_bit = 1 << 28
if int_sum & sign_bit:
flags.add(Flag.SF)
if int_sum & overflow_bit:
flags.add(Flag.CF)
if not ((word1.int_value() & sign_bit) ^
(word2.int_value() & sign_bit)):
flags.add(Flag.OF)
return Word.from_int(int_sum), flags
def test_one_minus_one_sets_zero_flag():
word, flags = subtract_word(Word.from_int(1), Word.from_int(1))
assert (word.int_value() == 0)
assert (flags == set([Flag.ZF]))
def test_set_zero_flag():
word, flags = add_word(Word.from_int(0), Word.from_int(0))
assert (word.int_value() == 0)
assert (flags == set([Flag.ZF]))
def test_three_minus_one():
word, flags = subtract_word(Word.from_int(3), Word.from_int(1))
assert (word.int_value() == 2)
assert (not flags)
def test_overflow_flag_on_7th_bit():
word, flags = add_word(Word(Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0b1111111)),
Word(Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0b0000001)))
assert (word.int_value() == 0)
assert (flags == set([Flag.CF]))
def test_signed_flag():
word, flags = add_word(Word(Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0b1000000)),
Word(Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0b1)))
assert (word == Word(Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0b1000001)))
assert (flags == set([Flag.SF]))
def render_emulator():
instruction = machine.next_instruction()
if not instruction:
instruction_view = "--"
else:
instruction_view = instruction.human()
available_actions = set()
if instruction:
available_actions.add("step")
instruction_views = []
for address, instruction in machine.glob_instructions():
instruction_views.append(
DisassembledInstructionView(
address == machine.registers[Register.pc].int_value(),
Word.from_int(address).hex_str(human=True),
instruction.debug_str(),
instruction_helper.bytes_str(instruction),
instruction.human()
)
)
disassembled_view = DisassembledView(instruction_views)
registers_view = [
RegisterView(register.name, machine.registers[register.value].hex_str())
for register in Register
]
memory = machine.memory
columns = 4
memory_view = MemoryView(columns, [
MemoryRowView(
Word.from_int(row * columns * 4).hex_str(human=True),
[
memory.read_word((row * columns + column) * 4).hex_str()
for column in range(columns)
if (row * columns + column) * 4 < memory.size
]
)
for row in range(math.ceil(memory.size / (columns * 4)))
])
stack_pointer = machine.registers[Register.sp].int_value()
stack_view = StackView(1, [
StackRowView(
row == 0,
Word.from_int(stack_pointer + row * 4).hex_str(human=True),
[
memory.read_word(stack_pointer + row * 4).hex_str(human=True)
]
)
for row in range(((memory.size - 1) - stack_pointer) // 4)
])
flags_view = [
FlagView(flag.name, flag.value in machine.flags)
for flag in Flag
]
stdout_view = "".join([ chr(char.int_value) for char in machine.stdout ])
return render_template(
"emulator.html",
instruction=instruction_view,
registers=registers_view,
flags=flags_view,
disassembled=disassembled_view,
stack=stack_view,
memory=memory_view,
stdout=stdout_view,
available_actions=available_actions
)
def test_unsigned_overflow_when_7th_bits_match():
word, flags = add_word(Word(Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0b1000000)),
Word(Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0), Byte(0b1000000)))
assert (word.int_value() == 0)
assert (flags == set([Flag.OF, Flag.CF]))
def test_full_word_addition_with_carry_across_bytes():
word, flags = add_word(
Word(Byte(0b1000000), Byte(0b0), Byte(0b1), Byte(0b0011)),
Word(Byte(0b1000000), Byte(0b0), Byte(0b1), Byte(0b1000)))
assert (word == Word(Byte(0b0), Byte(0b1), Byte(0b10), Byte(0b1011)))
assert (not flags)
def test_one_plus_one():
word, flags = add_word(Word.from_int(1), Word.from_int(1))
assert (word.int_value() == 2)
assert (not flags)
def run(filename, break_, input_):
orc = orc_parser.parse(filename)
machine = emulator.Machine()
if input_:
machine.stdin = list(input_)
for segment in orc.segments:
for i in range(segment.size.int_value()):
memory_location = Word.from_int(segment.base.int_value() + i)
data_location = segment.offset.int_value() + i
data_value = orc.data[data_location]
machine.memory.write_byte(memory_location, data_value)
machine.registers[Register.pc] = orc.entry_point
instruction = machine.next_instruction()
while instruction:
print(machine.registers[Register.pc].hex_str(human=True),
instruction.human())
if machine.registers[Register.pc].int_value() == break_:
command = input("> ").strip()
while command:
if command == "debug":
breakpoint()
elif command == "continue":
break
elif command == "step":
machine.run(instruction)
instruction = machine.next_instruction()
if instruction:
print(instruction.human())
elif command == "registers":
for register in Register:
print(
f"{register.name}: {machine.registers[register].hex_str()}"
)
elif command.startswith("print"):
_, variable = command.split(" ")
if variable.startswith("0x"):
address_hex = variable
address = hex_parser.int_from_by7e_hex(address_hex)
word = machine.memory.read_word(address)
else:
register_name = variable
register = Register[register_name]
word = machine.registers[register]
print(word)
elif command.startswith("memory"):
_, address_hex = command.split(" ")
address = hex_parser.int_from_by7e_hex(address_hex)
for section in range(4):
section_address = address + section * 4
word = machine.memory.read_word(section_address)
formatted_address = Word.from_int(
section_address).hex_str(human=True)
print(formatted_address, word.hex_str())
elif command.startswith("disassemble"):
_, address_hex = command.split(" ")
address = hex_parser.int_from_by7e_hex(address_hex)
for fake_address, fake_instruction in machine.glob_instructions(
address):
formatted_address = Word.from_int(
fake_address).hex_str(human=True)
print(formatted_address, fake_instruction.human())
elif command == "web":
import app
app.routes.override_app(machine)
app.app.run()
elif command == "help":
print(help_str)
else:
print("Unknown command:", command)
command = input("> ").strip()
machine.run(instruction)
instruction = machine.next_instruction()
# print("".join([ str(char) for char in machine.stdout ]))
print("".join([chr(char.int_value) for char in machine.stdout]))
def test_signed_flag():
# result = -2 -> (2 == 0b0000010)
# 2's complement -> 0b1111101 + 0b1 -> 0b1111110
word, flags = subtract_word(Word.from_int(1), Word.from_int(3))
assert (word == Word(Byte(0b1111110), Byte(0x7f), Byte(0x7f), Byte(0x7f)))
assert (flags == set([Flag.SF]))
def disassemble_instruction(stream, strict=False):
if stream.is_empty(): return
type_code, = stream.read_int(3)
# print("type code", bin(type_code))
if type_code in op_names:
if stream.is_empty():
# Our file was padded with 7 bits to complete the byte
# Made it look like we had an instruction when we don't
return
op_code, = stream.read_int(4)
# print("op code:", op_code)
op_name = op_names[type_code][op_code]
elif type_code == 0b110:
# todo: will crash if these are the last bits of a stream
# and we got here due to padding
op_name = "RET"
elif type_code == 0b111:
op_name = "NOP"
else:
if strict:
raise ValueError
else:
return
if type_code == 0b010:
source, = stream.read_int(4)
source_out = Register(source).name
dest, = stream.read_int(4)
dest_out = Register(dest).name
skip, = stream.read_int(6)
assert (skip == 0)
return instruction.type1_register_factory(op_name, Register(source),
Register(dest))
elif type_code == 0b011:
dest, = stream.read_int(4)
dest_out = Register(dest).name
skip, = stream.read_int(3)
assert (skip == 0)
source_word = Word(*stream.read_bytes(4))
source_out = source_word.hex_str()
return instruction.type1_constant_factory(op_name, Register(dest),
source_word)
elif type_code == 0b100:
value, = stream.read_int(4)
value_out = Register(value).name
skip, = stream.read_int(3)
assert (skip == 0)
return instruction.type2_register_factory(op_name, Register(value))
elif type_code == 0b101:
value_word = Word(*stream.read_bytes(4))
value_out = value_word.hex_str()
return instruction.type2_constant_factory(op_name, value_word)
elif type_code == 0b110:
skip, = stream.read_int(4)
assert (skip == 0)
return ops.ret.RetInstruction()
elif type_code == 0b111:
skip, = stream.read_int(4)
assert (skip == 0)
return ops.nop.NopInstruction()
else:
if strict:
raise ValueError
else:
return