def economizer(DAT, OAT, HVACstat, elec_cost, area):
"""
Economizer takes in diffuser air temperature (DAT), outdoor air temperature
(OAT), and HVAC status (HVACstat) and checks if it is economizing for more
than 70% when it can be economizing. If it the data indicates otherwise,
it will return a dictionary of diagnostics.
Parameters: DAT, OAT, HVACstat
- DAT: discharge air temperature
- OAT: outdoor air temperature
- HVACstat: HVAC status
- HVAC: 0 - off 1 - fan 2 - compressor
* Assume that each is a 2-D array with datetime and data
* DAT, OAT, HVACstat should have the same number of points
* Datetimes must match up
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns: a dictionary of diagnostics or False
"""
# counts points when the economizer is on
econ_on = 0
# counts points when the RTU is on
RTU_on = 0
# iterate through all data points
i = 0
while (i < len(DAT)):
if ((DAT[i][1] < 70) and (OAT[i][1] <= 65)):
# if the economizer on, increment econ_on
if (HVACstat[i][1] == 1):
econ_on += 1
# count when RTU is on
if (HVACstat[i][1] != 0):
RTU_on += 1
i += 1
# Percentage is when the economizer is on
# if the RTU was never on, economizer was being used
if (RTU_on == 0):
return {}
percentage = econ_on / RTU_on
if (percentage < 0.7):
return {
'Problem': "Under use of 'free cooling', i.e.,under-economizing.",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the time, the " + \
"economizer is not taking advantage of 'free cooling' " + \
"when it is possible to do so.",
'Recommendation': "Ask an HVAC service contractor to check " + \
"the economizer control sequence, unless the RTU does" + \
"not have an economizer.",
'Savings': get_CBECS(area)[5] * 0.1 * elec_cost
}
else:
return {}
def economizer(DAT, OAT, HVACstat, elec_cost, area):
"""
Economizer takes in diffuser air temperature (DAT), outdoor air temperature
(OAT), and HVAC status (HVACstat) and checks if it is economizing for more
than 70% when it can be economizing. If it the data indicates otherwise,
it will return a dictionary of diagnostics.
Parameters: DAT, OAT, HVACstat
- DAT: discharge air temperature
- OAT: outdoor air temperature
- HVACstat: HVAC status
- HVAC: 0 - off 1 - fan 2 - compressor
* Assume that each is a 2-D array with datetime and data
* DAT, OAT, HVACstat should have the same number of points
* Datetimes must match up
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns: a dictionary of diagnostics or False
"""
# counts points when the economizer is on
econ_on = 0
# counts points when the RTU is on
RTU_on = 0
# iterate through all data points
i = 0
while (i < len(DAT)):
if ((DAT[i][1] < 70) and (OAT[i][1] <= 65)):
# if the economizer on, increment econ_on
if (HVACstat[i][1] == 1):
econ_on += 1
# count when RTU is on
if (HVACstat[i][1] != 0):
RTU_on += 1
i += 1
# Percentage is when the economizer is on
# if the RTU was never on, economizer was being used
if (RTU_on == 0):
return {}
percentage = econ_on/RTU_on
if (percentage < 0.7):
return {
'Problem': "Under use of 'free cooling', i.e.,under-economizing.",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the time, the " + \
"economizer is not taking advantage of 'free cooling' " + \
"when it is possible to do so.",
'Recommendation': "Ask an HVAC service contractor to check " + \
"the economizer control sequence, unless the RTU does" + \
"not have an economizer.",
'Savings': get_CBECS(area)[5] * 0.1 * elec_cost
}
else:
return {}
def short_cycling(HVAC_stat, elec_cost, area):
"""
Checks to see if the HVAC is short cycling.
Parameter:
- HVAC_stat: HVAC status
- 2d array with [datetime, data]
- data is 0 - off, 1 - fan is on, 2 - compressor on
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Return:
- True if the problem should be flagged
"""
compressor_on = []
for point in HVAC_stat:
if (point[1] == 2):
compressor_on.append(1)
else:
compressor_on.append(0)
change_status = []
cycle_start = []
i = 0
while (i < (len(compressor_on) - 1)):
status = compressor_on[i + 1] - compressor_on[i]
if (status == 1):
cycle_start.append(HVAC_stat[i + 1])
change_status.append(status)
i += 1
fault_count = 0
i = 0
while (i < (len(cycle_start) - 1)):
delta = (cycle_start[i + 1][0] - cycle_start[i][0])
if (delta.seconds < 300):
fault_count += 1
i += 1
if (fault_count > 10):
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, \
percent_HVe = get_CBECS(area)
return {
'Problem': "RTU cycling on and off too frequently, potentially " + \
"leading to equipment failure.",
'Diagnostic': "For more than 10 consecutive cycles during the " + \
"monitoring period the RTU switched from on to off in under " + \
"5 minutes.",
'Recommendation': "Ask HVAC service providers to check refrigerant " + \
"levels, thermostat location, and control sequences.",
'Savings': round((percent_h + percent_c) * 0.10 * elec_cost, 2)}
else:
return {}
def short_cycling(HVAC_stat, elec_cost, area):
"""
Checks to see if the HVAC is short cycling.
Parameter:
- HVAC_stat: HVAC status
- 2d array with [datetime, data]
- data is 0 - off, 1 - fan is on, 2 - compressor on
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Return:
- True if the problem should be flagged
"""
compressor_on = []
for point in HVAC_stat:
if (point[1] == 2):
compressor_on.append(1)
else:
compressor_on.append(0)
change_status = []
cycle_start = []
i = 0
while (i < (len(compressor_on) - 1)):
status = compressor_on[i+1] - compressor_on[i]
if (status == 1):
cycle_start.append(HVAC_stat[i+1])
change_status.append(status)
i += 1
fault_count = 0
i = 0
while (i < (len(cycle_start) - 1)):
delta = (cycle_start[i+1][0] - cycle_start[i][0])
if (delta.seconds < 300):
fault_count += 1
i += 1
if (fault_count > 10):
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, \
percent_HVe = get_CBECS(area)
return {
'Problem': "RTU cycling on and off too frequently, potentially " + \
"leading to equipment failure.",
'Diagnostic': "For more than 10 consecutive cycles during the " + \
"monitoring period the RTU switched from on to off in under " + \
"5 minutes.",
'Recommendation': "Ask HVAC service providers to check refrigerant " + \
"levels, thermostat location, and control sequences.",
'Savings': round((percent_h + percent_c) * 0.10 * elec_cost, 2)}
else:
return {}
def excessive_daylight(light_data, op_sched, area, elec_cost):
"""
Excessive Daylight checks to see a single sensor should be flagged.
Parameters:
- light_data: a 2d array with datetime and light status
- lights are on (1, True) or off (0, False)
- separate the data for operating hours and non-operating hours
- op_sched: 2d array of operating schedule
-[[operational hours], [days operating], [holidays]]
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns: True or False (true meaning that this sensor should be flagged)
"""
occupied_data, nonoccupied_data = separate_hours(light_data, op_sched[0], op_sched[1], op_sched[2])
# Grabs the first time it starts logging so we know when the next day is
day_marker = occupied_data[0][0]
# counts times when lights go from on to off
on_to_off = 0
# counts the seconds when the lights are on
time_on = datetime.timedelta(0)
# counts flagged days
day_flag = 0
# counts the total number of days
day_count = 0
# total operation hours
operational_hours = op_sched[0][1] - op_sched[0][0]
# accounts for the first point, checks if the lights are on, sets when
# lights were last set to on to the first time
if occupied_data[0][1] == 1:
lights_on = True
else:
lights_on = False
# Find the first index when lights are on.
# FIXME: Is this a valid substitution?
for light_dpt in occupied_data:
if light_dpt[1]:
last_on = light_dpt[0]
break
# FIXME: Separate the data during operational hours vs non-operational hours.
# iterate through the light data
i = 1
while i < len(occupied_data):
# NOTE: Variable 'day_count' is incremented when the current date changes
# from the previous date and at the end of the record.
if occupied_data[i][0].date() != day_marker.date() or i == len(occupied_data) - 1:
# Check if day should be flagged, time delta is in days and seconds
if occupied_data[i][1] == 1:
time_on += occupied_data[i][0] - last_on
#
if time_on.days != 0:
time_on_hours = (24 * time_on.days) + time_on.seconds / 3600
else:
time_on_hours = time_on.seconds / 3600
#
if (on_to_off < 2) and ((time_on_hours / operational_hours) > 0.5):
day_flag += 1
# NOTE: Reset flags each day and reinitialize day markers. The light control
# diagnostic is concerned with checking whether the light turns off each
# day.
day_count += 1
day_marker = occupied_data[i][0]
on_to_off = 0
time_on = datetime.timedelta(0)
# Check lights were turned off, if so, increment on_to_off, lights
# are now off, add time on to timeOn
if (lights_on) and (occupied_data[i][1] == 0):
on_to_off += 1
lights_on = False
time_on += occupied_data[i][0] - last_on
# Check if lights were turned on, set last_on to the current time
elif (not lights_on) and (occupied_data[i][1] == 1):
lights_on = True
last_on = occupied_data[i][0]
i += 1
# If more than half of the days are flagged, there's a problem.
if day_flag / day_count > 0.5:
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, percent_HV = get_CBECS(area)
total_time = occupied_data[-1][0] - occupied_data[0][0]
total_weeks = ((total_time.days * 24) + (total_time.seconds / 3600)) / 168
avg_week = ((total_time.days * 24) + (total_time.seconds / 3600)) / total_weeks
return {
"Problem": "Excessive lighting during occupied/daytime hours.",
"Diagnostic": "Even though these spaces are not continuously "
+ "occupied, for more than half of the monitoring period, the "
+ "lights were switched off less than three times a day.",
"Recommendation": "Install occupancy sensors in locations with "
+ "intermittent occupancy, or engage occupants to turn the "
+ "lights off when they leave the area.",
"Savings": round(elec_cost * percent_l * 0.6 * 0.1 * (avg_week / med_num_op_hrs), 2),
}
else:
return {}
def excessive_nighttime(light_data, op_sched, area, elec_cost):
"""
Excessive Nighttime Lightingchecks to see a single sensor should be flagged.
Parameters:
- light_data: a 2d array with datetime and data
- lights are on (1, True) or off (0, False)
- assumes light_data is only for non-operational hours
- op_sched: 2d array of operating schedule
-[[operational hours], [days operating], [holidays]]
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns: True or False (true meaning that this sensor should be flagged)
"""
occupied_data, nonoccupied_data = separate_hours(light_data, op_sched[0], op_sched[1], op_sched[2])
# Grabs the first time it starts logging so we know when the next day is
day_marker = nonoccupied_data[0][0]
# Counts the seconds when the lights are on
time_on = datetime.timedelta(0)
# Counts the total number of days
day_count = 0
if (nonoccupied_data[0][1] == True):
last_on = nonoccupied_data[0][0]
else:
last_on = None
# Iterate through the light data
i = 1
while (i < len(nonoccupied_data)):
# NOTE: Assumes that status changes right when switches are turned.
# If the lights are on or a change from 'on' to 'off' then calculate the difference
# between the 'last_on' and the current date.
if (nonoccupied_data[i][1] == True):
if last_on != None:
time_on += (nonoccupied_data[i][0] - last_on)
last_on = nonoccupied_data[i][0]
else:
if last_on != None:
time_on += (nonoccupied_data[i][0] - last_on)
last_on = None
# Check if it's a new day
if (nonoccupied_data[i][0].date() != day_marker.date() or i == len(nonoccupied_data)-1):
day_count += 1
day_marker = nonoccupied_data[i][0]
i += 1
if (time_on.days != 0):
total_time = (time_on.days * 24) + (time_on.seconds / 3600)
else:
total_time = (time_on.seconds / 3600)
if ((total_time / day_count) > 3):
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, \
percent_HV = get_CBECS(area)
total_time = nonoccupied_data[-1][0] - nonoccupied_data[0][0]
total_weeks = ((total_time.days * 24) + (total_time.seconds / 3600)) \
/ 168
avg_week = ((total_time.days * 24) + (total_time.seconds / 3600)) \
/ total_weeks
return {
'Problem': "Excessive lighting during unoccupied/nighttime " + \
"hours.",
'Diagnostic': "For more than half of the monitoring period, the " + \
"lights were on for more than three hours during " + \
"after-hours periods.",
'Recommendation': "Install occupancy sensors in locations where it " + \
"is not necessary or intended for the lights to be on all " + \
"night, or encourage occupants to turn the lights off upon " + \
"exit.",
'Savings': round((0.4 * 0.1 * elec_cost * percent_l * \
(avg_week/(24*7-med_num_op_hrs))),2)
}
else:
return {}
def setback_non_op(ZAT, DAT, op_hours, elec_cost, area, HVACstat=None):
"""
Checks to see if a location is being cooled or heated during non-operational
hours.
Parameters:
- ZAT: zone air temperature, 2D array of datetime and data
- DAT: discharge air temperature, 2D array of datetime and data
- HVACstat: HVAC status (optional), 2D array of datetime and data
- 0 - off, 1 - ventilation, 3 - compressor
- op_hours: operational hours
- [[operational hours], [business days], [holidays]]
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns:
- flag indicating whether or not this should be flagged
"""
# separate hours of ZAT and DAT
ZAT_op, ZAT_non_op = separate_hours(ZAT, op_hours[0], op_hours[1],
op_hours[2])
DAT_op, DAT_non_op = separate_hours(DAT, op_hours[0], op_hours[1],
op_hours[2])
# if HVAC status exists, separate that too
if (HVACstat):
HVAC_op, HVAC_non_op = separate_hours(HVACstat, op_hours[0],
op_hours[1], op_hours[2])
else:
HVAC_op = []
HVAC_non_op = []
# separate data into cooling, heating, and hvac
op_cool_dat, op_heat_dat, op_hvac_dat = _grab_data(DAT_op, ZAT_op, DAT_op, \
HVAC_op)
non_cool_dat, non_heat_dat, non_hvac_dat = _grab_data(DAT_non_op, \
ZAT_non_op, DAT_non_op, HVAC_non_op)
# find the average cooling diffuser set temp
avg_DAT_c_occ = np.mean(op_cool_dat)
avg_DAT_h_occ = np.mean(op_heat_dat)
# count to see if cooling is on
c_flag = 0
for pt in non_cool_dat:
if ((pt < avg_DAT_c_occ) or (abs(pt - avg_DAT_h_occ) < 0.1)):
c_flag += 1
#
h_flag = 0
for pt in non_heat_dat:
if ((pt > avg_DAT_h_occ) or (abs(pt - avg_DAT_h_occ) < 0.1)):
h_flag += 1
#
non_op_data_len = len(DAT_non_op)
c_val = c_flag / non_op_data_len
h_val = h_flag / non_op_data_len
vent_val = non_hvac_dat / non_op_data_len
percent_unocc = non_op_data_len / len(DAT)
non_cool_zat, non_heat_zat, non_hvac_zat = _grab_data(DAT_non_op, \
ZAT_non_op, ZAT_non_op, HVAC_non_op)
#
ZAT_cool_threshold = 80
ZAT_heat_threshold = 55
#
if non_cool_zat != []:
min_ZAT_c_unocc = np.min(non_cool_zat)
else:
min_ZAT_c_unocc = ZAT_cool_threshold
if non_heat_zat != []:
max_ZAT_h_unocc = np.max(non_heat_zat)
else:
max_ZAT_h_unocc = ZAT_heat_threshold
#
if ((c_val + h_val + vent_val) > 0.3):
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, \
percent_HV = get_CBECS(area)
c_savings = (ZAT_cool_threshold-min_ZAT_c_unocc) * 0.03 * c_val * \
percent_c * elec_cost * percent_unocc
h_savings = (max_ZAT_h_unocc-ZAT_heat_threshold) * 0.03 * h_val * \
percent_h * elec_cost * percent_unocc
ven_savings = 0.06 * vent_val * elec_cost * percent_unocc
return {
'Problem': "Nighttime thermostat setbacks are not enabled.",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the data indicates that the " + \
"building is being conditioned or ventilated normally " + \
"during unoccupied hours.",
'Recommendation': "Program your thermostats to decrease the " + \
"heating setpoint, or increase the cooling setpoint during " + \
"unoccuppied times. Additionally, you may have a " + \
"contractor configure the RTU to reduce ventilation.",
'Savings': round((c_savings + h_savings + ven_savings), 2)}
else:
return {}
def excessive_nighttime(light_data, op_sched, area, elec_cost):
"""
Excessive Nighttime Lightingchecks to see a single sensor should be flagged.
Parameters:
- light_data: a 2d array with datetime and data
- lights are on (1, True) or off (0, False)
- assumes light_data is only for non-operational hours
- op_sched: 2d array of operating schedule
-[[operational hours], [days operating], [holidays]]
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns: True or False (true meaning that this sensor should be flagged)
"""
occupied_data, nonoccupied_data = separate_hours(light_data, op_sched[0], op_sched[1], op_sched[2])
# Grabs the first time it starts logging so we know when the next day is
day_marker = nonoccupied_data[0][0]
# Counts the seconds when the lights are on
time_on = datetime.timedelta(0)
# Counts the total number of days
day_count = 0
if nonoccupied_data[0][1] == True:
last_on = nonoccupied_data[0][0]
else:
last_on = None
# Iterate through the light data
i = 1
while i < len(nonoccupied_data):
# NOTE: Assumes that status changes right when switches are turned.
# If the lights are on or a change from 'on' to 'off' then calculate the difference
# between the 'last_on' and the current date.
if nonoccupied_data[i][1] == True:
if last_on != None:
time_on += nonoccupied_data[i][0] - last_on
last_on = nonoccupied_data[i][0]
else:
if last_on != None:
time_on += nonoccupied_data[i][0] - last_on
last_on = None
# Check if it's a new day
if nonoccupied_data[i][0].date() != day_marker.date() or i == len(nonoccupied_data) - 1:
day_count += 1
day_marker = nonoccupied_data[i][0]
i += 1
if time_on.days != 0:
total_time = (time_on.days * 24) + (time_on.seconds / 3600)
else:
total_time = time_on.seconds / 3600
if (total_time / day_count) > 3:
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, percent_HV = get_CBECS(area)
total_time = nonoccupied_data[-1][0] - nonoccupied_data[0][0]
total_weeks = ((total_time.days * 24) + (total_time.seconds / 3600)) / 168
avg_week = ((total_time.days * 24) + (total_time.seconds / 3600)) / total_weeks
return {
"Problem": "Excessive lighting during unoccupied/nighttime " + "hours.",
"Diagnostic": "For more than half of the monitoring period, the "
+ "lights were on for more than three hours during "
+ "after-hours periods.",
"Recommendation": "Install occupancy sensors in locations where it "
+ "is not necessary or intended for the lights to be on all "
+ "night, or encourage occupants to turn the lights off upon "
+ "exit.",
"Savings": round((0.4 * 0.1 * elec_cost * percent_l * (avg_week / (24 * 7 - med_num_op_hrs))), 2),
}
else:
return {}
def setback_non_op(ZAT, DAT, op_hours, elec_cost, area, HVACstat=None):
"""
Checks to see if a location is being cooled or heated during non-operational
hours.
Parameters:
- ZAT: zone air temperature, 2D array of datetime and data
- DAT: discharge air temperature, 2D array of datetime and data
- HVACstat: HVAC status (optional), 2D array of datetime and data
- 0 - off, 1 - ventilation, 3 - compressor
- op_hours: operational hours
- [[operational hours], [business days], [holidays]]
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns:
- flag indicating whether or not this should be flagged
"""
# separate hours of ZAT and DAT
ZAT_op, ZAT_non_op = separate_hours(ZAT, op_hours[0], op_hours[1],
op_hours[2])
DAT_op, DAT_non_op = separate_hours(DAT, op_hours[0], op_hours[1],
op_hours[2])
# if HVAC status exists, separate that too
if (HVACstat):
HVAC_op, HVAC_non_op = separate_hours(HVACstat, op_hours[0],
op_hours[1], op_hours[2])
else:
HVAC_op = []
HVAC_non_op = []
# separate data into cooling, heating, and hvac
op_cool_dat, op_heat_dat, op_hvac_dat = _grab_data(DAT_op, ZAT_op, DAT_op, \
HVAC_op)
non_cool_dat, non_heat_dat, non_hvac_dat = _grab_data(DAT_non_op, \
ZAT_non_op, DAT_non_op, HVAC_non_op)
# find the average cooling diffuser set temp
avg_DAT_c_occ = np.mean(op_cool_dat)
avg_DAT_h_occ = np.mean(op_heat_dat)
# count to see if cooling is on
c_flag = 0
for pt in non_cool_dat:
if ((pt < avg_DAT_c_occ) or (abs(pt - avg_DAT_h_occ) < 0.1)):
c_flag += 1
#
h_flag = 0
for pt in non_heat_dat:
if ((pt > avg_DAT_h_occ) or (abs(pt - avg_DAT_h_occ) < 0.1)):
h_flag += 1
#
non_op_data_len = len(DAT_non_op)
c_val = c_flag/non_op_data_len
h_val = h_flag/non_op_data_len
vent_val = non_hvac_dat/non_op_data_len
percent_unocc = non_op_data_len/len(DAT)
non_cool_zat, non_heat_zat, non_hvac_zat = _grab_data(DAT_non_op, \
ZAT_non_op, ZAT_non_op, HVAC_non_op)
#
ZAT_cool_threshold = 80
ZAT_heat_threshold = 55
#
if non_cool_zat != []:
min_ZAT_c_unocc = np.min(non_cool_zat)
else:
min_ZAT_c_unocc = ZAT_cool_threshold
if non_heat_zat != []:
max_ZAT_h_unocc = np.max(non_heat_zat)
else:
max_ZAT_h_unocc = ZAT_heat_threshold
#
if ((c_val + h_val + vent_val) > 0.3):
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, \
percent_HV = get_CBECS(area)
c_savings = (ZAT_cool_threshold-min_ZAT_c_unocc) * 0.03 * c_val * \
percent_c * elec_cost * percent_unocc
h_savings = (max_ZAT_h_unocc-ZAT_heat_threshold) * 0.03 * h_val * \
percent_h * elec_cost * percent_unocc
ven_savings = 0.06* vent_val * elec_cost * percent_unocc
return {
'Problem': "Nighttime thermostat setbacks are not enabled.",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the data indicates that the " + \
"building is being conditioned or ventilated normally " + \
"during unoccupied hours.",
'Recommendation': "Program your thermostats to decrease the " + \
"heating setpoint, or increase the cooling setpoint during " + \
"unoccuppied times. Additionally, you may have a " + \
"contractor configure the RTU to reduce ventilation.",
'Savings': round((c_savings + h_savings + ven_savings), 2)}
else:
return {}
def excessive_daylight(light_data, op_sched, area, elec_cost):
"""
Excessive Daylight checks to see a single sensor should be flagged.
Parameters:
- light_data: a 2d array with datetime and light status
- lights are on (1, True) or off (0, False)
- separate the data for operating hours and non-operating hours
- op_sched: 2d array of operating schedule
-[[operational hours], [days operating], [holidays]]
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns: True or False (true meaning that this sensor should be flagged)
"""
occupied_data, nonoccupied_data = separate_hours(light_data, op_sched[0],
op_sched[1], op_sched[2])
# Grabs the first time it starts logging so we know when the next day is
day_marker = occupied_data[0][0]
# counts times when lights go from on to off
on_to_off = 0
# counts the seconds when the lights are on
time_on = datetime.timedelta(0)
# counts flagged days
day_flag = 0
# counts the total number of days
day_count = 0
# total operation hours
operational_hours = op_sched[0][1] - op_sched[0][0]
# accounts for the first point, checks if the lights are on, sets when
# lights were last set to on to the first time
if (occupied_data[0][1] == 1):
lights_on = True
else:
lights_on = False
# Find the first index when lights are on.
# FIXME: Is this a valid substitution?
for light_dpt in occupied_data:
if light_dpt[1]:
last_on = light_dpt[0]
break
# FIXME: Separate the data during operational hours vs non-operational hours.
# iterate through the light data
i = 1
while (i < len(occupied_data)):
# NOTE: Variable 'day_count' is incremented when the current date changes
# from the previous date and at the end of the record.
if (occupied_data[i][0].date() != day_marker.date()
or i == len(occupied_data) - 1):
# Check if day should be flagged, time delta is in days and seconds
if (occupied_data[i][1] == 1):
time_on += (occupied_data[i][0] - last_on)
#
if (time_on.days != 0):
time_on_hours = (24 * time_on.days) + time_on.seconds / 3600
else:
time_on_hours = time_on.seconds / 3600
#
if ((on_to_off < 2)
and ((time_on_hours / operational_hours) > 0.5)):
day_flag += 1
# NOTE: Reset flags each day and reinitialize day markers. The light control
# diagnostic is concerned with checking whether the light turns off each
# day.
day_count += 1
day_marker = occupied_data[i][0]
on_to_off = 0
time_on = datetime.timedelta(0)
# Check lights were turned off, if so, increment on_to_off, lights
# are now off, add time on to timeOn
if ((lights_on) and (occupied_data[i][1] == 0)):
on_to_off += 1
lights_on = False
time_on += (occupied_data[i][0] - last_on)
# Check if lights were turned on, set last_on to the current time
elif ((not lights_on) and (occupied_data[i][1] == 1)):
lights_on = True
last_on = occupied_data[i][0]
i += 1
# If more than half of the days are flagged, there's a problem.
if (day_flag / day_count > 0.5):
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, \
percent_HV = get_CBECS(area)
total_time = occupied_data[-1][0] - occupied_data[0][0]
total_weeks = ((total_time.days * 24) + (total_time.seconds / 3600)) \
/ 168
avg_week = ((total_time.days * 24) + (total_time.seconds / 3600)) \
/ total_weeks
return {
'Problem': "Excessive lighting during occupied/daytime hours.",
'Diagnostic': "Even though these spaces are not continuously " + \
"occupied, for more than half of the monitoring period, the " + \
"lights were switched off less than three times a day.",
'Recommendation': "Install occupancy sensors in locations with " + \
"intermittent occupancy, or engage occupants to turn the " + \
"lights off when they leave the area.",
'Savings': round(elec_cost * percent_l * 0.6 * 0.1 * \
(avg_week/med_num_op_hrs), 2)
}
else:
return {}
def comfort_and_setpoint(ZAT, DAT, op_hours, area, elec_cost, HVACstat=None):
"""
Checks if the building is comfortable and if the setpoints are too narrow.
Parameters:
- ZAT: Zone air temperature
- 2d array with each element as [datetime, data]
- DAT: Discharge air temperature
- 2d array with each element as [datetime, data]
- HVACstat (optional): HVAC status
- 2d array with each element as [datetime, data]
- op_hours: operational hours, list
- [operational hours, [days operating], [holidays]]
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns:
- setpoint_flag: Dictionary of the problem, diagnostic, recommendation,
and savings if there is an issue, otherwise is False.
- comfort_flag: Dictionary of the problem, diagnostic, recommendation,
and savings if there is an issue, otherwise is False.
"""
# separate data to get occupied data
ZAT_op, ZAT_non_op = \
separate_hours(ZAT, op_hours[0], op_hours[1], op_hours[2])
DAT_op, DAT_non_op = \
separate_hours(DAT, op_hours[0], op_hours[1], op_hours[2])
# get data in which cooling/heating are considered on
cool_on = []
heat_on = []
# count the times it is deamed uncomfortable
over_cool = 0
under_cool = 0
over_heat = 0
under_heat = 0
# if there's HVAC status, separate that data
if (HVACstat != None):
HVAC_op, HVAC_non_op = \
separate_hours(HVACstat, op_hours[0], op_hours[1], op_hours[2])
# iterate through the data
i = 0
while (i < len(DAT_op)):
# if DAT is less than 90% of ZAT, it's cooling
if (DAT_op[i][1] < (0.9 * ZAT_op[i][1])):
# If there's HVAC, make sure it's actually cooling
if (HVACstat):
if (HVAC_op[i][1] == 0):
i += 1
continue
# if DAT is less than 75 F, it's over cooling
if (DAT_op[i][1] < 75):
over_cool += 1
# if DAT is greater than 80 F, it's under cooling
elif (DAT_op[i][1] > 80):
under_cool += 1
cool_on.append(ZAT_op[i][1])
# if DAT greater than 110% ZAT, then it's heating
elif (DAT_op[i][1] > (1.1 * ZAT_op[i][1])):
# if there's HVAC status, make sure it's actually heating
if (HVACstat):
if (HVAC_op[i][1] == 0):
i += 1
continue
# if DAT is less than 69 F, it's under heating
if (DAT_op[i][1] < 69):
under_heat += 1
# if DAT is over 72 F, it's over heating
elif (DAT_op[i][1] > 72):
over_heat += 1
heat_on.append(ZAT_op[i][1])
i += 1
cooling_threshold = 76.
heating_threshold = 72.
# Calculate the average
if heat_on != []:
heating_setpt = mean(heat_on)
else:
heating_setpt = heating_threshold
if cool_on != []:
cooling_setpt = mean(cool_on)
else:
cooling_setpt = cooling_threshold
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, \
percent_HV = get_CBECS(area)
#
percent_op = len(ZAT_op) / len(ZAT)
over_cooling_perc = over_cool / len(DAT_op)
over_heating_perc = over_heat / len(DAT_op)
#
percent_cooling = over_cooling_perc * percent_c * percent_op
cooling_savings = (cooling_threshold - cooling_setpt) * 0.03 * \
percent_cooling *elec_cost
#
percent_heating = over_heating_perc * percent_h * percent_op
heating_savings = (heating_setpt - heating_threshold) * 0.03 * \
percent_heating *elec_cost
if ((heating_setpt > heating_threshold) and \
(cooling_setpt < cooling_threshold)):
setpoint_flag = {
'Problem': "Overly narrow separation between heating " + \
"and cooling setpoints.",
'Diagnostic': "During occupied hours, the cooling setpoint was lower " + \
"than 76F and the heating setpoint was greater than 72F.",
'Recommendation': "Adjust the heating and cooling setpoints so that " + \
"they differ by more than four degrees.",
'Savings': round(cooling_savings + heating_savings, 2)
}
else:
setpoint_flag = {}
if (over_cooling_perc > 0.3):
comfort_flag = {
'Problem': "Over-conditioning, thermostat cooling setpoint is low",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the time, the cooling setpoint " + \
"during occupied hours was lower than 75F, a temperature that " + \
"is comfortable to most occupants",
'Recommendation': "Program your thermostats to increase the cooling " + \
"setpoint during occupied hours.",
'Savings': round(cooling_savings, 2)
}
elif (under_cool / len(DAT_op) > 0.3):
comfort_flag = {
'Problem': "Under-conditioning, thermostat cooling " + \
"setpoint is high.",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the time, the cooling setpoint " + \
"during occupied hours was greater than 80F.",
'Recommendation': "Program your thermostats to decrease the cooling " + \
"setpoint to improve building comfort during occupied hours."
}
elif (over_heating_perc > 0.3):
comfort_flag = {
'Problem': "Over-conditioning, thermostat heating " + \
"setpoint is high.",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the time, the heating setpoint " + \
"during occupied hours was greater than 72F, a temperature that " + \
"is comfortable to most occupants.",
'Recommendation': "Program your thermostats to decrease the heating " + \
"setpoint during occupied hours.",
'Savings': round(heating_savings, 2)
}
elif (under_heat / len(DAT_op) > 0.3):
comfort_flag = {
'Problem': "Under-conditioning - thermostat heating " + \
"setpoint is low.",
'Diagnostic': "For more than 30% of the time, the cooling setpoint " + \
"during occupied hours was less than 69 degrees F.",
'Recommendation': "Program thermostats to increase the heating " + \
"setpoint to improve building comfort during occupied hours."
}
else:
comfort_flag = {}
return comfort_flag, setpoint_flag
def comfort_and_setpoint(ZAT, DAT, op_hours, area, elec_cost, HVACstat=None):
"""
Checks if the building is comfortable and if the setpoints are too narrow.
Parameters:
- ZAT: Zone air temperature
- 2d array with each element as [datetime, data]
- DAT: Discharge air temperature
- 2d array with each element as [datetime, data]
- HVACstat (optional): HVAC status
- 2d array with each element as [datetime, data]
- op_hours: operational hours, list
- [operational hours, [days operating], [holidays]]
- elec_cost: The electricity cost used to calculate savings.
Returns:
- setpoint_flag: Dictionary of the problem, diagnostic, recommendation,
and savings if there is an issue, otherwise is False.
- comfort_flag: Dictionary of the problem, diagnostic, recommendation,
and savings if there is an issue, otherwise is False.
"""
# separate data to get occupied data
ZAT_op, ZAT_non_op = \
separate_hours(ZAT, op_hours[0], op_hours[1], op_hours[2])
DAT_op, DAT_non_op = \
separate_hours(DAT, op_hours[0], op_hours[1], op_hours[2])
# get data in which cooling/heating are considered on
cool_on = []
heat_on = []
# count the times it is deamed uncomfortable
over_cool = 0
under_cool = 0
over_heat = 0
under_heat = 0
# if there's HVAC status, separate that data
if (HVACstat != None):
HVAC_op, HVAC_non_op = \
separate_hours(HVACstat, op_hours[0], op_hours[1], op_hours[2])
# iterate through the data
i = 0
while (i < len(DAT_op)):
# if DAT is less than 90% of ZAT, it's cooling
if (DAT_op[i][1] < (0.9 * ZAT_op[i][1])):
# If there's HVAC, make sure it's actually cooling
if (HVACstat):
if (HVAC_op[i][1] == 0):
i += 1
continue
# if DAT is less than 75 F, it's over cooling
if (DAT_op[i][1] < 75):
over_cool += 1
# if DAT is greater than 80 F, it's under cooling
elif (DAT_op[i][1] > 80):
under_cool += 1
cool_on.append(ZAT_op[i][1])
# if DAT greater than 110% ZAT, then it's heating
elif (DAT_op[i][1] > (1.1 * ZAT_op[i][1])):
# if there's HVAC status, make sure it's actually heating
if (HVACstat):
if (HVAC_op[i][1] == 0):
i += 1
continue
# if DAT is less than 69 F, it's under heating
if (DAT_op[i][1] < 69):
under_heat += 1
# if DAT is over 72 F, it's over heating
elif (DAT_op[i][1] > 72):
over_heat += 1
heat_on.append(ZAT_op[i][1])
i += 1
cooling_threshold = 76.
heating_threshold = 72.
# Calculate the average
if heat_on != []:
heating_setpt = mean(heat_on)
else:
heating_setpt = heating_threshold
if cool_on != []:
cooling_setpt = mean(cool_on)
else:
cooling_setpt = cooling_threshold
percent_l, percent_h, percent_c, med_num_op_hrs, per_hea_coo, \
percent_HV = get_CBECS(area)
#
percent_op = len(ZAT_op)/len(ZAT)
over_cooling_perc = over_cool/len(DAT_op)
over_heating_perc = over_heat/len(DAT_op)
#
percent_cooling = over_cooling_perc * percent_c * percent_op
cooling_savings = (cooling_threshold - cooling_setpt) * 0.03 * \
percent_cooling *elec_cost
#
percent_heating = over_heating_perc * percent_h * percent_op
heating_savings = (heating_setpt - heating_threshold) * 0.03 * \
percent_heating *elec_cost
if ((heating_setpt > heating_threshold) and \
(cooling_setpt < cooling_threshold)):
setpoint_flag = {
'Problem': "Overly narrow separation between heating " + \
"and cooling setpoints.",
'Diagnostic': "During occupied hours, the cooling setpoint was lower " + \
"than 76F and the heating setpoint was greater than 72F.",
'Recommendation': "Adjust the heating and cooling setpoints so that " + \
"they differ by more than four degrees.",
'Savings': round(cooling_savings + heating_savings, 2)
}
else:
setpoint_flag = {}
if (over_cooling_perc > 0.3):
comfort_flag = {
'Problem': "Over-conditioning, thermostat cooling setpoint is low",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the time, the cooling setpoint " + \
"during occupied hours was lower than 75F, a temperature that " + \
"is comfortable to most occupants",
'Recommendation': "Program your thermostats to increase the cooling " + \
"setpoint during occupied hours.",
'Savings': round(cooling_savings, 2)
}
elif (under_cool/len(DAT_op) > 0.3):
comfort_flag = {
'Problem': "Under-conditioning, thermostat cooling " + \
"setpoint is high.",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the time, the cooling setpoint " + \
"during occupied hours was greater than 80F.",
'Recommendation': "Program your thermostats to decrease the cooling " + \
"setpoint to improve building comfort during occupied hours."
}
elif (over_heating_perc > 0.3):
comfort_flag = {
'Problem': "Over-conditioning, thermostat heating " + \
"setpoint is high.",
'Diagnostic': "More than 30 percent of the time, the heating setpoint " + \
"during occupied hours was greater than 72F, a temperature that " + \
"is comfortable to most occupants.",
'Recommendation': "Program your thermostats to decrease the heating " + \
"setpoint during occupied hours.",
'Savings': round(heating_savings, 2)
}
elif (under_heat/len(DAT_op) > 0.3):
comfort_flag = {
'Problem': "Under-conditioning - thermostat heating " + \
"setpoint is low.",
'Diagnostic': "For more than 30% of the time, the cooling setpoint " + \
"during occupied hours was less than 69 degrees F.",
'Recommendation': "Program thermostats to increase the heating " + \
"setpoint to improve building comfort during occupied hours."
}
else:
comfort_flag = {}
return comfort_flag, setpoint_flag