def test_measure(self):
"""Check commutativity involving measures."""
comm_checker = CommutationChecker()
# Measure is over qubit 0, while gate is over a disjoint subset of qubits
# We should be able to swap these.
res = comm_checker.commute(Measure(), [0], [0], CXGate(), [1, 2], [])
self.assertTrue(res)
# Measure and gate have intersecting set of qubits
# We should not be able to swap these.
res = comm_checker.commute(Measure(), [0], [0], CXGate(), [0, 2], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
# Measures over different qubits and clbits
res = comm_checker.commute(Measure(), [0], [0], Measure(), [1], [1])
self.assertTrue(res)
# Measures over different qubits but same classical bit
# We should not be able to swap these.
res = comm_checker.commute(Measure(), [0], [0], Measure(), [1], [0])
self.assertFalse(res)
# Measures over same qubits but different classical bit
# ToDo: can we swap these?
# Currently checker takes the safe approach and returns False.
res = comm_checker.commute(Measure(), [0], [0], Measure(), [0], [1])
self.assertFalse(res)
def test_slice(self):
"""Verify circuit.data can be sliced."""
qr = QuantumRegister(2)
qc = QuantumCircuit(qr)
qc.h(0)
qc.cx(0, 1)
qc.h(1)
qc.cx(1, 0)
qc.h(1)
qc.cx(0, 1)
qc.h(0)
h_slice = qc.data[::2]
cx_slice = qc.data[1:-1:2]
self.assertEqual(
h_slice,
[
CircuitInstruction(HGate(), [qr[0]], []),
CircuitInstruction(HGate(), [qr[1]], []),
CircuitInstruction(HGate(), [qr[1]], []),
CircuitInstruction(HGate(), [qr[0]], []),
],
)
self.assertEqual(
cx_slice,
[
CircuitInstruction(CXGate(), [qr[0], qr[1]], []),
CircuitInstruction(CXGate(), [qr[1], qr[0]], []),
CircuitInstruction(CXGate(), [qr[0], qr[1]], []),
],
)
def test_conditional_gates(self):
"""Check commutativity involving conditional gates."""
comm_checker = CommutationChecker()
qr = QuantumRegister(3)
cr = ClassicalRegister(2)
# Currently, in all cases commutativity checker should returns False.
# This is definitely suboptimal.
res = comm_checker.commute(CXGate().c_if(cr[0], 0), [qr[0], qr[1]], [],
XGate(), [qr[2]], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
res = comm_checker.commute(CXGate().c_if(cr[0], 0), [qr[0], qr[1]], [],
XGate(), [qr[1]], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
res = comm_checker.commute(CXGate().c_if(cr[0], 0), [qr[0], qr[1]], [],
CXGate().c_if(cr[0], 0), [qr[0], qr[1]], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
res = comm_checker.commute(XGate().c_if(cr[0], 0), [qr[0]], [],
XGate().c_if(cr[0], 1), [qr[0]], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
res = comm_checker.commute(XGate().c_if(cr[0], 0), [qr[0]], [],
XGate(), [qr[0]], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
def test_get_instructions_for_qargs(self):
with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
self.empty_target.operations_for_qargs((0, ))
expected = [RZGate(self.theta), IGate(), SXGate(), XGate(), Measure()]
res = self.ibm_target.operations_for_qargs((0, ))
for gate in expected:
self.assertIn(gate, res)
expected = [ECRGate()]
res = self.fake_backend_target.operations_for_qargs((1, 0))
for gate in expected:
self.assertIn(gate, res)
expected = [CXGate()]
res = self.fake_backend_target.operations_for_qargs((0, 1))
self.assertEqual(expected, res)
ideal_sim_expected = [
UGate(self.theta, self.phi, self.lam),
RXGate(self.theta),
RYGate(self.theta),
RZGate(self.theta),
CXGate(),
ECRGate(),
CCXGate(),
Measure(),
]
for gate in ideal_sim_expected:
self.assertIn(gate,
self.ideal_sim_target.operations_for_qargs(None))
def test_parameterized_gates(self):
"""Check commutativity between parameterized gates, both with free and with
bound parameters."""
comm_checker = CommutationChecker()
# gate that has parameters but is not considered parameterized
rz_gate = RZGate(np.pi / 2)
self.assertEqual(len(rz_gate.params), 1)
self.assertFalse(rz_gate.is_parameterized())
# gate that has parameters and is considered parameterized
rz_gate_theta = RZGate(Parameter("Theta"))
rz_gate_phi = RZGate(Parameter("Phi"))
self.assertEqual(len(rz_gate_theta.params), 1)
self.assertTrue(rz_gate_theta.is_parameterized())
# gate that has no parameters and is not considered parameterized
cx_gate = CXGate()
self.assertEqual(len(cx_gate.params), 0)
self.assertFalse(cx_gate.is_parameterized())
# We should detect that these gates commute
res = comm_checker.commute(rz_gate, [0], [], cx_gate, [0, 1], [])
self.assertTrue(res)
# We should detect that these gates commute
res = comm_checker.commute(rz_gate, [0], [], rz_gate, [0], [])
self.assertTrue(res)
# We should detect that parameterized gates over disjoint qubit subsets commute
res = comm_checker.commute(rz_gate_theta, [0], [], rz_gate_theta, [1],
[])
self.assertTrue(res)
# We should detect that parameterized gates over disjoint qubit subsets commute
res = comm_checker.commute(rz_gate_theta, [0], [], rz_gate_phi, [1],
[])
self.assertTrue(res)
# We should detect that parameterized gates over disjoint qubit subsets commute
res = comm_checker.commute(rz_gate_theta, [2], [], cx_gate, [1, 3], [])
self.assertTrue(res)
# However, for now commutativity checker should return False when checking
# commutativity between a parameterized gate and some other gate, when
# the two gates are over intersecting qubit subsets.
# This check should be changed if commutativity checker is extended to
# handle parameterized gates better.
res = comm_checker.commute(rz_gate_theta, [0], [], cx_gate, [0, 1], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
res = comm_checker.commute(rz_gate_theta, [0], [], rz_gate, [0], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
def test_reset(self):
"""Check commutativity involving resets."""
comm_checker = CommutationChecker()
# A gate should not commute with reset when the qubits intersect.
res = comm_checker.commute(Reset(), [0], [], CXGate(), [0, 2], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
# A gate should commute with reset when the qubits are disjoint.
res = comm_checker.commute(Reset(), [0], [], CXGate(), [1, 2], [])
self.assertTrue(res)
def test_cx_do_not_wrongly_cancel(self):
"""Test that CX(0,1) and CX(1, 0) do not cancel out, when (CX, CX) is passed
as an inverse pair."""
qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 0)
qc.cx(0, 1)
qc.cx(1, 0)
pass_ = InverseCancellation([(CXGate(), CXGate())])
pm = PassManager(pass_)
new_circ = pm.run(qc)
gates_after = new_circ.count_ops()
self.assertIn("cx", gates_after)
self.assertEqual(gates_after["cx"], 2)
def test_caching_different_qubit_sets(self):
"""Check that hashing same commutativity results over different qubit sets works as expected."""
comm_checker = CommutationChecker()
# All the following should be cached in the same way
# though each relation gets cached twice: (A, B) and (B, A)
comm_checker.commute(XGate(), [0], [], CXGate(), [0, 1], [])
comm_checker.commute(XGate(), [10], [], CXGate(), [10, 20], [])
comm_checker.commute(XGate(), [10], [], CXGate(), [10, 5], [])
comm_checker.commute(XGate(), [5], [], CXGate(), [5, 7], [])
self.assertEqual(len(comm_checker.cache), 2)
def test_standard_2Q_one(self):
"""Test standard 2Q gate.repeat(1) method.
"""
qr = QuantumRegister(2, 'qr')
expected_circ = QuantumCircuit(qr)
expected_circ.append(CXGate(), [qr[0], qr[1]])
expected = expected_circ.to_instruction()
result = CXGate().repeat(1)
self.assertEqual(result.name, 'cx*1')
self.assertEqual(result.definition, expected.definition)
self.assertIsInstance(result, Gate)
def test_instruction_init(self):
"""Test initialization from a circuit."""
gate = CXGate()
op = Operator(gate).data
target = gate.to_matrix()
global_phase_equivalent = matrix_equal(op, target, ignore_phase=True)
self.assertTrue(global_phase_equivalent)
gate = CHGate()
op = Operator(gate).data
had = HGate().to_matrix()
target = np.kron(had, np.diag([0, 1])) + np.kron(np.eye(2), np.diag([1, 0]))
global_phase_equivalent = matrix_equal(op, target, ignore_phase=True)
self.assertTrue(global_phase_equivalent)
def test_passing_quantum_registers(self):
"""Check that passing QuantumRegisters works correctly."""
comm_checker = CommutationChecker()
qr = QuantumRegister(4)
# should commute
res = comm_checker.commute(CXGate(), [qr[1], qr[0]], [], CXGate(),
[qr[1], qr[2]], [])
self.assertTrue(res)
# should not commute
res = comm_checker.commute(CXGate(), [qr[0], qr[1]], [], CXGate(),
[qr[1], qr[2]], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
def _load_rb_data(self, rb_exp_data_file_name: str):
"""
loader for the experiment data and configuration setup.
Args:
rb_exp_data_file_name(str): The file name that contain the experiment data.
Returns:
list: containing dict of the experiment setup configuration and list of dictionaries
containing the experiment results.
ExperimentData: ExperimentData object that was creates by the analysis function.
"""
interleaved_gates = {"x": XGate(), "cx": CXGate()}
data, exp_attributes, expdata1 = self._load_json_data(
rb_exp_data_file_name)
rb_exp = InterleavedRB(
interleaved_gates[exp_attributes["interleaved_element"]],
exp_attributes["physical_qubits"],
exp_attributes["lengths"],
num_samples=exp_attributes["num_samples"],
seed=exp_attributes["seed"],
)
gate_error_ratio = {
((0, ), "id"): 1,
((0, ), "rz"): 0,
((0, ), "sx"): 1,
((0, ), "x"): 1,
((0, 1), "cx"): 1,
}
rb_exp.analysis.set_options(gate_error_ratio=gate_error_ratio)
analysis_results = rb_exp.analysis.run(expdata1).block_for_results()
return data, analysis_results
def test_compose_gate(self):
"""Composing with a gate.
┌───┐ ┌───┐ ┌───┐
lqr_1_0: ───┤ H ├─── lqr_1_0: ───┤ H ├────┤ X ├
├───┤ ├───┤ └─┬─┘
lqr_1_1: ───┤ X ├─── lqr_1_1: ───┤ X ├──────┼───
┌──┴───┴──┐ ───■─── ┌──┴───┴──┐ │
lqr_1_2: ┤ U1(0.1) ├ + ┌─┴─┐ = lqr_1_2: ┤ U1(0.1) ├───┼───
└─────────┘ ─┤ X ├─ └─────────┘ │
lqr_2_0: ─────■───── └───┘ lqr_2_0: ─────■────────┼──
┌─┴─┐ ┌─┴─┐ │
lqr_2_1: ───┤ X ├─── lqr_2_1: ───┤ X ├──────■───
└───┘ └───┘
lcr_0: 0 ═══════════ lcr_0: 0 ═══════════
lcr_1: 0 ═══════════ lcr_1: 0 ═══════════
"""
circuit_composed = self.circuit_left.compose(CXGate(), qubits=[4, 0])
circuit_expected = self.circuit_left.copy()
circuit_expected.cx(self.left_qubit4, self.left_qubit0)
self.assertEqual(circuit_composed, circuit_expected)
def test_extend_is_validated(self):
"""Verify extending circuit.data is broadcast and validated."""
qr = QuantumRegister(2)
qc = QuantumCircuit(qr)
qc.data.extend(
[
CircuitInstruction(HGate(), [qr[0]], []),
CircuitInstruction(CXGate(), [0, 1], []),
CircuitInstruction(HGate(), [qr[1]], []),
]
)
expected_qc = QuantumCircuit(qr)
expected_qc.h(0)
expected_qc.cx(0, 1)
expected_qc.h(1)
self.assertEqual(qc, expected_qc)
self.assertRaises(
CircuitError, qc.data.extend, [CircuitInstruction(HGate(), [qr[0], qr[1]], [])]
)
self.assertRaises(CircuitError, qc.data.extend, [CircuitInstruction(HGate(), [], [qr[0]])])
def test_initial_state_as_circuit_object(self):
"""Test setting `initial_state` to `QuantumCircuit` object"""
# ┌───┐ ┌───┐
# q_0: ──■──┤ X ├───────■──┤ X ├
# ┌─┴─┐├───┤┌───┐┌─┴─┐├───┤
# q_1: ┤ X ├┤ H ├┤ X ├┤ X ├┤ X ├
# └───┘└───┘└───┘└───┘└───┘
ref = QuantumCircuit(2)
ref.cx(0, 1)
ref.x(0)
ref.h(1)
ref.x(1)
ref.cx(0, 1)
ref.x(0)
ref.x(1)
qc = QuantumCircuit(2)
qc.cx(0, 1)
qc.h(1)
expected = NLocal(
num_qubits=2,
rotation_blocks=XGate(),
entanglement_blocks=CXGate(),
initial_state=qc,
reps=1,
)
self.assertCircuitEqual(ref, expected)
def test_euler_basis_selection(self):
"""Verify decomposition uses euler_basis for 1q gates."""
euler_bases = [
('U3', ['u3']),
('U1X', ['u1', 'rx']),
('RR', ['r']),
('ZYZ', ['rz', 'ry']),
('ZXZ', ['rz', 'rx']),
('XYX', ['rx', 'ry']),
]
kak_gates = [
(CXGate(), 'cx'),
(CZGate(), 'cz'),
(iSwapGate(), 'iswap'),
(RXXGate(np.pi / 2), 'rxx'),
]
for basis in product(euler_bases, kak_gates):
(euler_basis, oneq_gates), (kak_gate, kak_gate_name) = basis
with self.subTest(euler_basis=euler_basis, kak_gate=kak_gate):
decomposer = TwoQubitBasisDecomposer(kak_gate,
euler_basis=euler_basis)
unitary = random_unitary(4)
self.check_exact_decomposition(unitary.data, decomposer)
decomposition_basis = set(decomposer(unitary).count_ops())
requested_basis = set(oneq_gates + [kak_gate_name])
self.assertTrue(decomposition_basis.issubset(requested_basis))
def test_extra_props_str(self):
target = Target(description="Extra Properties")
class ExtraProperties(InstructionProperties):
"""An example properties subclass."""
def __init__(
self,
duration=None,
error=None,
calibration=None,
tuned=None,
diamond_norm_error=None,
):
super().__init__(duration=duration, error=error, calibration=calibration)
self.tuned = tuned
self.diamond_norm_error = diamond_norm_error
cx_props = {
(3, 4): ExtraProperties(
duration=270.22e-9, error=0.00713, tuned=False, diamond_norm_error=2.12e-6
),
}
target.add_instruction(CXGate(), cx_props)
expected = """Target: Extra Properties
Number of qubits: 5
Instructions:
cx
(3, 4):
Duration: 2.7022e-07 sec.
Error Rate: 0.00713
"""
self.assertEqual(expected, str(target))
def test_can_append_to_quantum_circuit(self):
"""Test that we can add various objects with Operation interface to a Quantum Circuit."""
qc = QuantumCircuit(6, 1)
qc.append(XGate(), [2])
qc.append(Barrier(3), [1, 2, 4])
qc.append(CXGate(), [0, 1])
qc.append(Measure(), [1], [0])
qc.append(Reset(), [0])
qc.cx(3, 4)
qc.append(Gate("some_gate", 3, []), [1, 2, 3])
qc.append(Initialize([0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5]), [4, 5])
qc.append(Isometry(np.eye(4, 4), 0, 0), [3, 4])
qc.append(Pauli("II"), [0, 1])
# Appending Clifford
circ1 = QuantumCircuit(2)
circ1.h(1)
circ1.cx(0, 1)
qc.append(Clifford(circ1), [0, 1])
# Appending CNOTDihedral
circ2 = QuantumCircuit(2)
circ2.t(0)
circ2.x(0)
circ2.t(1)
qc.append(CNOTDihedral(circ2), [2, 3])
# If we got to here, we have successfully appended everything to qc
self.assertIsInstance(qc, QuantumCircuit)
def test_barrier(self):
"""Check commutativity involving barriers."""
comm_checker = CommutationChecker()
# A gate should not commute with a barrier
# (at least if these are over intersecting qubit sets).
res = comm_checker.commute(Barrier(4), [0, 1, 2, 3], [], CXGate(),
[1, 2], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
# Does it even make sense to have a barrier over a subset of qubits?
# Though in this case, it probably makes sense to say that barrier and gate can be swapped.
res = comm_checker.commute(Barrier(4), [0, 1, 2, 3], [], CXGate(),
[5, 6], [])
self.assertTrue(res)
def test_caching_negative_results(self):
"""Check that hashing negative results in commutativity checker works as expected."""
comm_checker = CommutationChecker()
res = comm_checker.commute(XGate(), [0], [], CXGate(), [0, 1], [])
self.assertFalse(res)
self.assertGreater(len(comm_checker.cache), 0)
def test_experiment_config(self):
"""Test converting to and from config works"""
exp = InterleavedRB(CXGate(), [0, 1],
lengths=[10, 20, 30, 40],
num_samples=10)
loaded_exp = InterleavedRB.from_config(exp.config())
self.assertNotEqual(exp, loaded_exp)
self.assertTrue(self.json_equiv(exp, loaded_exp))
def test_pairwise_entanglement(self):
"""Test pairwise entanglement."""
nlocal = NLocal(5, rotation_blocks=XGate(), entanglement_blocks=CXGate(),
entanglement='pairwise', reps=1)
entangler_map = nlocal.get_entangler_map(0, 0, 2)
pairwise = [(0, 1), (2, 3), (1, 2), (3, 4)]
self.assertEqual(pairwise, entangler_map)
def test_instructions(self):
self.assertEqual(self.empty_target.instructions, [])
ibm_expected = [
(IGate(), (0, )),
(IGate(), (1, )),
(IGate(), (2, )),
(IGate(), (3, )),
(IGate(), (4, )),
(RZGate(self.theta), (0, )),
(RZGate(self.theta), (1, )),
(RZGate(self.theta), (2, )),
(RZGate(self.theta), (3, )),
(RZGate(self.theta), (4, )),
(SXGate(), (0, )),
(SXGate(), (1, )),
(SXGate(), (2, )),
(SXGate(), (3, )),
(SXGate(), (4, )),
(XGate(), (0, )),
(XGate(), (1, )),
(XGate(), (2, )),
(XGate(), (3, )),
(XGate(), (4, )),
(CXGate(), (3, 4)),
(CXGate(), (4, 3)),
(CXGate(), (3, 1)),
(CXGate(), (1, 3)),
(CXGate(), (1, 2)),
(CXGate(), (2, 1)),
(CXGate(), (0, 1)),
(CXGate(), (1, 0)),
(Measure(), (0, )),
(Measure(), (1, )),
(Measure(), (2, )),
(Measure(), (3, )),
(Measure(), (4, )),
]
self.assertEqual(ibm_expected, self.ibm_target.instructions)
ideal_sim_expected = [
(UGate(self.theta, self.phi, self.lam), None),
(RXGate(self.theta), None),
(RYGate(self.theta), None),
(RZGate(self.theta), None),
(CXGate(), None),
(ECRGate(), None),
(CCXGate(), None),
(Measure(), None),
]
self.assertEqual(ideal_sim_expected,
self.ideal_sim_target.instructions)
def test_cxgate_as_operation(self):
"""Test that we can instantiate an object of class
:class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.CXGate` and that
it has the expected name, num_qubits and num_clbits.
"""
op = CXGate()
self.assertTrue(op.name == "cx")
self.assertTrue(op.num_qubits == 2)
self.assertTrue(op.num_clbits == 0)
def test_circuit_append(self):
"""Test appending a controlled gate to a quantum circuit."""
circ = QuantumCircuit(5)
inst = CXGate()
circ.append(inst.control(), qargs=[0, 2, 1])
circ.append(inst.control(2), qargs=[0, 3, 1, 2])
circ.append(inst.control().control(), qargs=[0, 3, 1, 2]) # should be same as above
self.assertEqual(circ[1][0], circ[2][0])
self.assertEqual(circ.depth(), 3)
self.assertEqual(circ[0][0].num_ctrl_qubits, 2)
self.assertEqual(circ[1][0].num_ctrl_qubits, 3)
self.assertEqual(circ[2][0].num_ctrl_qubits, 3)
self.assertEqual(circ[0][0].num_qubits, 3)
self.assertEqual(circ[1][0].num_qubits, 4)
self.assertEqual(circ[2][0].num_qubits, 4)
for instr in circ:
gate = instr[0]
self.assertTrue(isinstance(gate, ControlledGate))
def test_operations(self):
self.assertEqual(self.empty_target.operations, [])
ibm_expected = [
RZGate(self.theta),
IGate(),
SXGate(),
XGate(),
CXGate(),
Measure()
]
for gate in ibm_expected:
self.assertIn(gate, self.ibm_target.operations)
aqt_expected = [
RZGate(self.theta),
RXGate(self.theta),
RYGate(self.theta),
RGate(self.theta, self.phi),
RXXGate(self.theta),
]
for gate in aqt_expected:
self.assertIn(gate, self.aqt_target.operations)
fake_expected = [
UGate(self.fake_backend._theta, self.fake_backend._phi,
self.fake_backend._lam),
CXGate(),
Measure(),
ECRGate(),
RXGate(math.pi / 6),
RXGate(self.fake_backend._theta),
]
for gate in fake_expected:
self.assertIn(gate, self.fake_backend_target.operations)
ideal_sim_expected = [
UGate(self.theta, self.phi, self.lam),
RXGate(self.theta),
RYGate(self.theta),
RZGate(self.theta),
CXGate(),
ECRGate(),
CCXGate(),
Measure(),
]
for gate in ideal_sim_expected:
self.assertIn(gate, self.ideal_sim_target.operations)
def test_basic_cx_self_inverse(self):
"""Test that a single self-inverse cx gate as input can be cancelled."""
qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 2)
qc.cx(0, 1)
qc.cx(0, 1)
pass_ = InverseCancellation([CXGate()])
pm = PassManager(pass_)
new_circ = pm.run(qc)
gates_after = new_circ.count_ops()
self.assertNotIn("cx", gates_after)
def test_cnot_rxx_decompose(self):
"""Verify CNOT decomposition into RXX gate is correct"""
cnot = Operator(CXGate())
decomps = [cnot_rxx_decompose(),
cnot_rxx_decompose(plus_ry=True, plus_rxx=True),
cnot_rxx_decompose(plus_ry=True, plus_rxx=False),
cnot_rxx_decompose(plus_ry=False, plus_rxx=True),
cnot_rxx_decompose(plus_ry=False, plus_rxx=False)]
for decomp in decomps:
self.assertTrue(cnot.equiv(decomp))
def test_target_too_small_for_circuit(self):
"""Test error is raised when target is too small for circuit."""
target = Target()
target.add_instruction(
CXGate(),
{edge: None
for edge in CouplingMap.from_line(3).get_edges()})
dag = circuit_to_dag(QuantumCircuit(5))
layout_pass = DenseLayout(target=target)
with self.assertRaises(TranspilerError):
layout_pass.run(dag)
def setUp(self):
super().setUp()
self.cmap20 = FakeTokyo().configuration().coupling_map
self.target_19 = Target()
rng = np.random.default_rng(12345)
instruction_props = {
edge: InstructionProperties(duration=rng.uniform(1e-7, 1e-6),
error=rng.uniform(1e-4, 1e-3))
for edge in CouplingMap.from_heavy_hex(3).get_edges()
}
self.target_19.add_instruction(CXGate(), instruction_props)
