def test_chained_transformations_are_in_reverse_order(self):
p = Point(1, 0, 1)
a = rotation_x(math.pi / 2)
b = scaling(5, 5, 5)
c = translation(10, 5, 7)
t = c * b * a * p
assert t == Point(15, 0, 7)
def test_pattern_with_both_object_and_pattern_transformation(self):
obj = Sphere()
obj.transformation = scaling(2, 2, 2)
pattern = test_pattern()
pattern.transformation = translation(0.5, 1, 1.5)
c = pattern.pattern_at_shape(obj, Point(2.5, 3, 3.5))
assert c == Color(0.75, 0.5, 0.25)
def default_world():
w = World()
w.light_source = PointLight(Point(-10, 10, -10), Color.white())
s1 = Sphere()
s1.material.color = Color(0.8, 1.0, 0.6)
s1.material.diffuse = 0.7
s1.material.specular = 0.2
s2 = Sphere()
s2.transformation = scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
w.add(s1, s2)
return w
def test_individual_transformations_in_sequence(self):
p = Point(1, 0, 1)
a = rotation_x(math.pi / 2)
b = scaling(5, 5, 5)
c = translation(10, 5, 7)
p2 = a * p
assert p2 == Point(1, -1, 0)
p3 = b * p2
assert p3 == Point(5, -5, 0)
p4 = c * p3
assert p4 == Point(15, 0, 7)
def test_finding_n1_and_n2_at_various_intersections(
self, glass_sphere, index, n1, n2):
a = glass_sphere()
a.transformation = scaling(2, 2, 2)
a.material.refractive_index = 1.5
b = glass_sphere()
b.transformation = translation(0, 0, -0.25)
b.material.refractive_index = 2.0
c = glass_sphere()
c.transformation = translation(0, 0, 0.25)
c.material.refractive_index = 2.5
r = Ray(Point(0, 0, -4), Vector(0, 0, 1))
xs = Intersections(Intersection(2, a), Intersection(2.75, b),
Intersection(3.25, c), Intersection(4.75, b),
Intersection(5.25, c), Intersection(6, a))
comps = xs[index].prepare_computations(r, xs)
assert comps.n1 == n1
assert comps.n2 == n2
from raytracer.scene import World
from raytracer.shapes import Sphere, Plane
from raytracer.tuples import Color, Point, Vector
if __name__ == '__main__':
floor = Plane()
floor.material = Material()
floor.material.color = Color(1, 0.9, 0.9)
floor.material.specular = 0
middle = Sphere()
middle.transformation = translation(-0.5, 1, 0.5)
middle.material = Material()
middle.material.pattern = CheckersPattern(Color(0.1, 1, 0.5),
Color(1, 0, 0))
middle.material.pattern.transformation = scaling(0.25, 0.25,
0.5) * rotation_y(pi / 4)
middle.material.diffuse = 0.7
middle.material.specular = 0.3
right = Sphere()
right.transformation = translation(1.5, 0.5, -0.5) * scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
right.material = Material()
right.material.color = Color(0.5, 1, 0.1)
right.material.diffuse = 0.7
right.material.specular = 0.3
left = Sphere()
left.transformation = translation(-1.5, 0.33, -0.75) * scaling(
0.33, 0.33, 0.33)
left.material = Material()
left.material.color = Color(1, 0.8, 0.1)
def test_scale_ray(self):
r = Ray(Point(1, 2, 3), Vector(0, 1, 0))
m = scaling(2, 3, 4)
r2 = r.transform(m)
assert r2.origin == Point(2, 6, 12)
assert r2.direction == Vector(0, 3, 0)
def test_pattern_with_pattern_transformation(self):
obj = Sphere()
pattern = test_pattern()
pattern.transformation = scaling(2, 2, 2)
c = pattern.pattern_at_shape(obj, Point(2, 3, 4))
assert c == Color(1, 1.5, 2)
from raytracer.matrices import scaling, rotation_z, shearing
from raytracer.rays import Ray
from raytracer.shapes import Sphere
from raytracer.tuples import Point, Color
if __name__ == '__main__':
ray_origin = Point(0, 0, -5)
wall_z = 10
wall_size = 7.0
canvas_pixels = 100
pixel_size = wall_size / canvas_pixels
half = wall_size / 2
canvas = Canvas(canvas_pixels, canvas_pixels)
red = Color(1, 0, 0)
sphere = Sphere()
sphere.transformation = scaling(1, .5, 1).shear(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
for y in range(canvas_pixels):
world_y = half - pixel_size * y
for x in range(canvas_pixels):
world_x = -half + pixel_size * x
position = Point(world_x, world_y, wall_z)
ray = Ray(ray_origin, (position - ray_origin).normalize())
if sphere.intersect(ray).hit():
canvas.write_pixel(x, y, red)
write_ppm_to_file(canvas.to_ppm(),
f'..{sep}..{sep}resources{sep}circle.ppm')
from math import pi
from os import sep
from raytracer.camera import Camera
from raytracer.canvas import write_ppm_to_file
from raytracer.lights import PointLight
from raytracer.materials import Material
from raytracer.matrices import scaling, rotation_y, rotation_x, translation, view_transform
from raytracer.scene import World
from raytracer.shapes import Sphere
from raytracer.tuples import Color, Point, Vector
if __name__ == '__main__':
floor = Sphere()
floor.transformation = scaling(10, 0.01, 10)
floor.material = Material()
floor.material.color = Color(1, 0.9, 0.9)
floor.material.specular = 0
left_wall = Sphere()
left_wall.transformation = translation(0, 0, 5) * \
rotation_y(-pi / 4) * rotation_x(pi / 2) * \
scaling(10, 0.01, 10)
left_wall.material = floor.material
right_wall = Sphere()
right_wall.transformation = translation(0, 0, 5) * \
rotation_y(pi / 4) * rotation_x(pi / 2) * \
scaling(10, 0.01, 10)
right_wall.material = floor.material
middle = Sphere()
def test_multiply_by_inverse_of_scaling_matrix(self):
transform = scaling(2, 3, 4)
inv = transform.inverse()
v = Vector(-4, 6, 8)
assert inv * v == Vector(-2, 2, 2)
def test_scaling_matrix_applied_to_vector(self):
transform = scaling(2, 3, 4)
v = Vector(-4, 6, 8)
assert transform * v == Vector(-8, 18, 32)
def test_scaling_matrix_applied_to_point(self):
transform = scaling(2, 3, 4)
p = Point(-4, 6, 8)
assert transform * p == Point(-8, 18, 32)
def test_view_transformation_looking_in_z_positive_direction(self):
_from = Point(0, 0, 0)
to = Point(0, 0, 1)
up = Vector(0, 1, 0)
t = view_transform(_from, to, up)
assert t == scaling(-1, 1, -1) # reflecting across z and x
if __name__ == '__main__':
floor = Plane()
floor.material = Material()
floor.material.color = Color(1, 0.9, 0.9)
floor.material.specular = 0
middle = Sphere()
middle.transformation = translation(-0.5, 1, 0.5)
middle.material = Material()
middle.material.color = Color(0.5, 0, 0)
middle.material.diffuse = 0.7
middle.material.specular = 0.3
middle.material.reflective = 1
right = Sphere()
right.transformation = translation(1.5, 0.5, -0.5) * scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
right.material = Material()
right.material.color = Color(0.2, 0.2, 0.8)
right.material.diffuse = 0.7
right.material.specular = 0.3
right.material.reflective = .5
left = Sphere()
left.transformation = translation(-1.5, 0.33, -0.75) * scaling(0.33, 0.33, 0.33)
left.material = Material()
left.material.color = Color(1, 0.8, 0.1)
left.material.diffuse = 0.7
left.material.specular = 0.3
world = World()
world.add(floor, middle, left, right)
from raytracer.patterns import *
from raytracer.matrices import scaling, rotation_y, rotation_x, translation, view_transform
from raytracer.scene import World
from raytracer.shapes import Sphere, Plane
from raytracer.tuples import Color, Point, Vector
if __name__ == '__main__':
floor = Plane()
floor.material.color = Color(.1, 1, .1)
floor.material.reflective = 0.9
floor.material.transparency = 1
floor.material.refractive_index = 1.333
under = Sphere()
under.transformation = translation(0, -.5, 0) * scaling(.25, .25, .25)
under.material.color = Color(0, .8, 0)
under.material.refractive_index = 1.5
under.material.ambient = .8
above = Sphere()
above.transformation = translation(1, .5, 0) * scaling(.5, .5, .5)
above.material.color = Color(.2, 0, 0)
above.material.diffuse = .8
above.material.ambient = .5
bottom = Plane()
bottom.transformation = translation(0, -1.25, 0)
bottom.material.pattern = StripePattern(Color.black(), Color(0, .2, .2))
bottom.material.diffuse = .25
bottom.material.ambient = .25
def test_reflection_is_scaling_by_negative_value(self):
transform = scaling(-1, 1, 1)
p = Point(2, 3, 4)
assert transform * p == Point(-2, 3, 4)