def test_ctok(): # single pass input_c = -273.15 correct_k = 0 returned_k = thermo.ctok(input_c) npt.assert_almost_equal(returned_k, correct_k) # array_like pass input_c = [-273.15, -223.15, -173.15, -123.15, -73.15, -23.15, 26.85] input_c = np.asanyarray(input_c) correct_k = [0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300] correct_k = np.asanyarray(correct_k) returned_k = thermo.ctok(input_c) npt.assert_almost_equal(returned_k, correct_k) # single masked input_c = ma.masked correct_k = ma.masked returned_k = thermo.ctok(input_c) npt.assert_equal(type(returned_k), type(correct_k)) # array_like pass inds = [0, 2, 3] input_c = [-273.15, -223.15, -173.15, -123.15, -73.15, -23.15, 26.85] input_c = np.ma.asanyarray(input_c) correct_k = [0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300] correct_k = np.ma.asanyarray(correct_k) input_c[inds] = ma.masked correct_k[inds] = ma.masked returned_k = thermo.ctok(input_c) npt.assert_almost_equal(returned_k, correct_k)
def test_ctok(): # single pass input_c = -273.15 correct_k = 0 returned_k = thermo.ctok(input_c) npt.assert_almost_equal(returned_k, correct_k) # array_like pass input_c = [-273.15, -223.15, -173.15, -123.15, -73.15, -23.15, 26.85] input_c = np.asanyarray(input_c) correct_k = [0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300] correct_k = np.asanyarray(correct_k) returned_k = thermo.ctok(input_c) npt.assert_almost_equal(returned_k, correct_k) # single masked input_c = ma.masked correct_k = ma.masked returned_k = thermo.ctok(input_c) npt.assert_(type(returned_k), type(correct_k)) # array_like pass inds = [0, 2, 3] input_c = [-273.15, -223.15, -173.15, -123.15, -73.15, -23.15, 26.85] input_c = np.ma.asanyarray(input_c) correct_k = [0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300] correct_k = np.ma.asanyarray(correct_k) input_c[inds] = ma.masked correct_k[inds] = ma.masked returned_k = thermo.ctok(input_c) npt.assert_almost_equal(returned_k, correct_k)
def get_thetae_profile(self): ''' Function to calculate the theta-e profile. Parameters ---------- None Returns ------- Array of theta-e profile ''' thetae = ma.empty(self.pres.shape[0]) for i in range(len(self.v)): thetae[i] = thermo.ctok( thermo.thetae(self.pres[i], self.tmpc[i], self.dwpc[i]) ) thetae[thetae == self.missing] = ma.masked thetae.set_fill_value(self.missing) return thetae
def max_temp(prof, mixlyr=-1): ''' Calculates a maximum temperature forecast based on the depth of the mixing layer and low-level temperatures Inputs ------ prof (profile object) Profile Object mixlyr (float) Top of layer over which to "mix" (hPa) Returns ------- mtemp (float) Forecast Maximum Temperature ''' sfcpres = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] if mixlyr == -1: mixlyr = sfcpres - 100. temp = thermo.ctok(interp.temp(mixlyr, prof)) + 2. return thermo.ktoc(temp * (sfcpres / mixlyr)**ROCP)
def isDWPCValid(dwpc): ''' isDWPCValid This function checks to see if valid dewpoint (Celsius) values are within the dwpc array that is passed to the Profile object Parameters ---------- dwpc: the dewpoint array (Celsius) Returns ------- True/False: True if the values in the dewpoint array are all above absolute zero. ''' idx = np.ma.where(thermo.ctok(dwpc) <= 0)[0] if len(idx) == 0: return True else: return False
def posneg_wetbulb(prof, start=-1): ''' Positive/Negative Wetbulb profile Adapted from SHARP code donated by Rich Thompson (SPC) Description: This routine calculates the positive (above 0 C) and negative (below 0 C) areas of the wet bulb profile starting from a specified pressure (start). If the specified pressure is not given, this routine calls init_phase() to obtain the pressure level the precipitation expected to fall begins at. This is an routine considers the wet-bulb profile instead of the temperature profile in case the profile beneath the profile beneath the falling precipitation becomes saturated. Parameters ---------- prof : Profile object start : the pressure level the precpitation originates from (found by calling init_phase()) Returns ------- pos : the positive area (> 0 C) of the wet-bulb profile in J/kg neg : the negative area (< 0 C) of the wet-bulb profile in J/kg top : the top of the precipitation layer pressure in mb bot : the bottom of the precipitation layer pressure in mb ''' # Needs to be tested # If there is no sounding, don't compute anything if utils.QC(interp.temp(prof, 500)) == False and utils.QC( interp.temp(prof, 850)) == False: return np.masked, np.masked, np.masked, np.masked # Find lowest obs in layer lower = prof.pres[prof.get_sfc()] lptr = prof.get_sfc() # Find the highest obs in the layer if start == -1: lvl, phase, st = init_phase(prof) if lvl > 0: upper = lvl else: upper = 500. else: upper = start # Find the level where the pressure is just greater than the upper pressure idxs = np.where(prof.pres > upper)[0] if len(idxs) == 0: uptr = 0 else: uptr = idxs[-1] # Start with the upper layer pe1 = upper h1 = interp.hght(prof, pe1) te1 = thermo.wetbulb(pe1, interp.temp(prof, pe1), interp.dwpt(prof, pe1)) tp1 = 0 warmlayer = coldlayer = lyre = totp = totn = tote = ptop = pbot = lyrlast = 0 for i in np.arange(uptr, lptr - 1, -1): pe2 = prof.pres[i] h2 = prof.hght[i] te2 = thermo.wetbulb(pe2, interp.temp(prof, pe2), interp.dwpt(prof, pe2)) tp2 = 0 tdef1 = (0 - te1) / thermo.ctok(te1) tdef2 = (0 - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2) lyrlast = lyre lyre = 9.8 * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2.0 * (h2 - h1) # Has a warm layer been found yet? if te2 > 0: if warmlayer == 0: warmlayer = 1 ptop = pe2 # Has a cold layer been found yet? if te2 < 0: if warmlayer == 1 and coldlayer == 0: coldlayer = 1 pbot = pe2 if warmlayer > 0: if lyre > 0: totp += lyre else: totn += lyre tote += lyre pelast = pe1 pe1 = pe2 h1 = h2 te1 = te2 tp1 = tp2 if warmlayer == 1 and coldlayer == 1: pos = totp neg = totn top = ptop bot = pbot else: neg = 0 pos = 0 bot = 0 top = 0 return pos, neg, top, bot
''' Create the Sounding (Profile) Object '''
def parcelx(lower, upper, pres, temp, dwpt, prof, **kwargs): ''' Lifts the specified parcel, calculated various levels and parameters from the profile object. B+/B- are calculated based on the specified layer. !! All calculations use the virtual temperature correction unless noted. !! Inputs ------ lower (float) Lower-bound lifting level (hPa) upper (float) Upper-bound lifting level pres (float) Pressure of parcel to lift (hPa) temp (float) Temperature of parcel to lift (C) dwpt (float) Dew Point of parcel to lift (C) prof (profile object) Profile Object Returns ------- pcl (parcel object) Parcel Object ''' pcl = Parcel(-1, -1, pres, temp, dwpt) if 'lplvals' in kwargs: pcl.lplvals = kwargs.get('lplvals') else: lplvals = DefineParcel(prof, 5, pres=pres, temp=temp, dwpt=dwpt) pcl.lplvals = lplvals if prof.gNumLevels < 1: return pcl lyre = -1 cap_strength = RMISSD cap_strengthpres = RMISSD li_max = RMISSD li_maxpres = RMISSD totp = 0. totn = 0. tote = 0. cinh_old = 0. # See if default layer is specified if lower == -1: lower = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] pcl.blayer = lower if upper == -1: upper = prof.gSndg[prof.gNumLevels - 1][prof.pind] pcl.tlayer = upper # Make sure that this is a valid layer if lower > pres: lower = pres pcl.blayer = lower if not QC(interp.vtmp(lower, prof)) or \ not QC(interp.vtmp(upper, prof)): return RMISSD # Begin with the Mixing Layer te1 = interp.vtmp(pres, prof) pe1 = lower h1 = interp.hght(pe1, prof) tp1 = thermo.virtemp(pres, temp, dwpt) # te1 = tp1 # Lift parcel and return LCL pres (hPa) and LCL temp (c) pe2, tp2 = thermo.drylift(pres, temp, dwpt) blupper = pe2 # Define top of layer as LCL pres h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) pcl.lclpres = pe2 pcl.lclhght = interp.agl(h2, prof) # Calculate lifted parcel theta for use in iterative CINH loop below # RECALL: lifted parcel theta is CONSTANT from LPL to LCL theta_parcel = thermo.theta(pe2, tp2, 1000.) # Environmental theta and mixing ratio at LPL bltheta = thermo.theta(pres, interp.temp(pres, prof), 1000.) blmr = thermo.mixratio(pres, dwpt) # ACCUMULATED CINH IN MIXING LAYER BELOW THE LCL # This will be done in 10mb increments, and will use the virtual # temperature correction where possible pinc = -10 a = int(lower) b = int(blupper) for pp in range(a, b, int(pinc)): pp1 = pp pp2 = pp + pinc if pp2 < blupper: pp2 = blupper dz = interp.hght(pp2, prof) - interp.hght(pp1, prof) # Calculate difference between Tv_parcel and Tv_environment at top # and bottom of 10mb layers. Make use of constant lifted parcel # theta and mixing ratio from LPL to LCL tv_env_bot = thermo.virtemp( pp1, thermo.theta(pp1, interp.temp(pp1, prof), 1000.), interp.dwpt(pp1, prof)) tdef1 = (thermo.virtemp(pp1, theta_parcel, thermo.temp_at_mixrat(blmr, pp1)) - tv_env_bot) / \ (thermo.ctok(tv_env_bot)) tv_env_top = thermo.virtemp( pp2, thermo.theta(pp2, interp.temp(pp2, prof), 1000.), interp.dwpt(pp2, prof)) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pp2, theta_parcel, thermo.temp_at_mixrat(blmr, pp2)) - tv_env_top) / \ (thermo.ctok(tv_env_bot)) lyre = G * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2. * dz if lyre < 0: totn += lyre # Move the bottom layer to the top of the boundary layer if lower > pe2: lower = pe2 pcl.blayer = lower # Calculate height of various temperature levels p0c = temp_lvl(0., prof) pm10c = temp_lvl(-10., prof) pm20c = temp_lvl(-20., prof) pm30c = temp_lvl(-30., prof) hgt0c = interp.hght(p0c, prof) hgtm10c = interp.hght(pm10c, prof) hgtm20c = interp.hght(pm20c, prof) hgtm30c = interp.hght(pm30c, prof) pcl.p0c = p0c pcl.pm10c = pm10c pcl.pm20c = pm20c pcl.pm30c = pm30c pcl.hght0c = hgt0c pcl.hghtm10c = hgtm10c pcl.hghtm20c = hgtm20c pcl.hghtm30c = hgtm30c # Find lowest observation in layer i = 0 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] > lower: if i == prof.gNumLevels - 1: break i += 1 while not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tdind]): if i == prof.gNumLevels - 1: break i += 1 lptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == lower: if i != prof.gNumLevels - 1: lptr += 1 # Find highest observation in layer i = prof.gNumLevels - 1 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] < upper: if i < lptr: break i -= 1 uptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == upper: if i > lptr: uptr -= 1 # START WITH INTERPOLATED BOTTOM LAYER # Begin moist ascent from lifted parcel LCL (pe2, tp2) pe1 = lower h1 = interp.hght(pe1, prof) te1 = interp.vtmp(pe1, prof) tp1 = thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp2, pe1) lyre = 0 lyrlast = 0 for i in range(lptr, prof.gNumLevels): if not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind]): continue pe2 = prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] h2 = prof.gSndg[i][prof.zind] te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe2) tdef1 = (thermo.virtemp(pe1, tp1, tp1) - te1) / thermo.ctok(te1) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2) lyrlast = lyre lyre = G * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h1) # Add layer energy to total positive if lyre > 0 if lyre > 0: totp += lyre # Add layer energy to total negative if lyre < 0, only up to EL else: if pe2 > 500.: totn += lyre # Check for Max LI mli = thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2 if mli > li_max: li_max = mli li_maxpres = pe2 # Check for Max Cap Strength mcap = te2 - mli if mcap > cap_strength: cap_strength = mcap cap_strengthpres = pe2 tote += lyre pelast = pe1 pe1 = pe2 h1 = h2 te1 = te2 tp1 = tp2 # Is this the top of the specified layer if i >= uptr and not QC(pcl.bplus): pe3 = pe1 h3 = h1 te3 = te1 tp3 = tp1 lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.bplus = totp - lyrf pcl.bminus = totn else: pcl.bplus = totp if pe2 > 500.: pcl.bminus = totn + lyrf else: pcl.bminus = totn pe2 = upper h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.bplus += lyrf else: if pe2 > 500.: pcl.bminus += lyrf if pcl.bplus == 0: pcl.bminus = 0. # Is this the freezing level if te2 < 0. and not QC(pcl.bfzl): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.bfzl = totp - lyrf else: pcl.bfzl = totp if not QC(p0c) or p0c > pe3: pcl.bfzl = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgt0c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.bfzl += lyrf # Is this the -10C level if te2 < -10. and not QC(pcl.wm10c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm10c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm10c = totp if not QC(pm10c) or pm10c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm10c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm10c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm10c += lyrf # Is this the -20C level if te2 < -20. and not QC(pcl.wm20c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm20c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm20c = totp if not QC(pm20c) or pm20c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm20c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm20c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm20c += lyrf # Is this the -30C level if te2 < -30. and not QC(pcl.wm30c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm30c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm30c = totp if not QC(pm30c) or pm30c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm30c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm30c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm30c += lyrf # Is this the 3km level if pcl.lclhght < 3000.: h = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) if h >= 3000. and not QC(pcl.b3km): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.b3km = totp - lyrf else: pcl.b3km = totp h2 = interp.msl(3000., prof) pe2 = interp.pres(h2, prof) if QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.b3km += lyrf else: pcl.b3km = 0. # Is this the 6km level if pcl.lclhght < 6000.: h = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) if h >= 6000. and not QC(pcl.b6km): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.b6km = totp - lyrf else: pcl.b6km = totp h2 = interp.msl(6000., prof) pe2 = interp.pres(h2, prof) if QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.b6km += lyrf else: pcl.b6km = 0. # LFC Possibility if lyre >= 0. and lyrlast <= 0.: tp3 = tp1 te3 = te1 pe2 = pe1 pe3 = pelast while interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) > thermo.virtemp( pe3, thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3), thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3)): pe3 -= 5 pcl.lfcpres = pe3 pcl.lfchght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe3, prof), prof) cinh_old = totn tote = 0. pcl.elpres = RMISSD li_max = RMISSD if cap_strength < 0.: cap_strength = 0. pcl.cap = cap_strength pcl.cappres = cap_strengthpres # Hack to force LFC to be at least at the LCL if pcl.lfcpres > pcl.lclpres: pcl.lfcpres = pcl.lclpres pcl.lfchght = pcl.lclhght # EL Possibility if lyre <= 0. and lyrlast >= 0.: tp3 = tp1 te3 = te1 pe2 = pe1 pe3 = pelast while interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) < thermo.virtemp( pe3, thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3), thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3)): pe3 -= 5 pcl.elpres = pe3 pcl.elhght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe3, prof), prof) pcl.mplpres = RMISSD pcl.limax = -li_max pcl.limaxpress = li_maxpres # MPL Possibility if tote < 0. and not QC(pcl.mplpres) and QC(pcl.elpres): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) totx = tote - lyre pe2 = pelast while totx > 0: pe2 -= 1 te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) totx += lyrf tp3 = tp2 te3 = te2 pe3 = pe2 pcl.mplpres = pe2 pcl.mplhght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) # 500 hPa Lifted Index if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] <= 500. and pcl.li5 == RMISSD: a = interp.vtmp(500., prof) b = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, 500.) pcl.li5 = a - thermo.virtemp(500, b, b) # 300 hPa Lifted Index if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] <= 300. and pcl.li3 == RMISSD: a = interp.vtmp(300., prof) b = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, 300.) pcl.li3 = a - thermo.virtemp(300, b, b) # Calculate BRN if available pcl = bulk_rich(pcl, prof) pcl.bminus = cinh_old if pcl.bplus == 0: pcl.bminus = 0. return pcl
def parcelx(lower, upper, pres, temp, dwpt, prof, **kwargs): ''' Lifts the specified parcel, calculated various levels and parameters from the profile object. B+/B- are calculated based on the specified layer. !! All calculations use the virtual temperature correction unless noted. !! Inputs ------ lower (float) Lower-bound lifting level (hPa) upper (float) Upper-bound lifting level pres (float) Pressure of parcel to lift (hPa) temp (float) Temperature of parcel to lift (C) dwpt (float) Dew Point of parcel to lift (C) prof (profile object) Profile Object Returns ------- pcl (parcel object) Parcel Object ''' pcl = Parcel(-1, -1, pres, temp, dwpt) if 'lplvals' in kwargs: pcl.lplvals = kwargs.get('lplvals') else: lplvals = DefineParcel(prof, 5, pres=pres, temp=temp, dwpt=dwpt) pcl.lplvals = lplvals if prof.gNumLevels < 1: return pcl lyre = -1 cap_strength = RMISSD cap_strengthpres = RMISSD li_max = RMISSD li_maxpres = RMISSD totp = 0. totn = 0. tote = 0. cinh_old = 0. # See if default layer is specified if lower == -1: lower = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] pcl.blayer = lower if upper == -1: upper = prof.gSndg[prof.gNumLevels-1][prof.pind] pcl.tlayer = upper # Make sure that this is a valid layer if lower > pres: lower = pres pcl.blayer = lower if not QC(interp.vtmp(lower, prof)) or \ not QC(interp.vtmp(upper, prof)): return RMISSD # Begin with the Mixing Layer te1 = interp.vtmp(pres, prof) pe1 = lower h1 = interp.hght(pe1, prof) tp1 = thermo.virtemp(pres, temp, dwpt) # te1 = tp1 # Lift parcel and return LCL pres (hPa) and LCL temp (c) pe2, tp2 = thermo.drylift(pres, temp, dwpt) blupper = pe2 # Define top of layer as LCL pres h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) pcl.lclpres = pe2 pcl.lclhght = interp.agl(h2, prof) # Calculate lifted parcel theta for use in iterative CINH loop below # RECALL: lifted parcel theta is CONSTANT from LPL to LCL theta_parcel = thermo.theta(pe2, tp2, 1000.) # Environmental theta and mixing ratio at LPL bltheta = thermo.theta(pres, interp.temp(pres, prof), 1000.) blmr = thermo.mixratio(pres, dwpt) # ACCUMULATED CINH IN MIXING LAYER BELOW THE LCL # This will be done in 10mb increments, and will use the virtual # temperature correction where possible pinc = -10 a = int(lower) b = int(blupper) for pp in range(a, b, int(pinc)): pp1 = pp pp2 = pp + pinc if pp2 < blupper: pp2 = blupper dz = interp.hght(pp2, prof) - interp.hght(pp1, prof) # Calculate difference between Tv_parcel and Tv_environment at top # and bottom of 10mb layers. Make use of constant lifted parcel # theta and mixing ratio from LPL to LCL tv_env_bot = thermo.virtemp(pp1, thermo.theta(pp1, interp.temp(pp1, prof), 1000.), interp.dwpt(pp1, prof)) tdef1 = (thermo.virtemp(pp1, theta_parcel, thermo.temp_at_mixrat(blmr, pp1)) - tv_env_bot) / \ (thermo.ctok(tv_env_bot)) tv_env_top = thermo.virtemp(pp2, thermo.theta(pp2, interp.temp(pp2, prof), 1000.), interp.dwpt(pp2, prof)) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pp2, theta_parcel, thermo.temp_at_mixrat(blmr, pp2)) - tv_env_top) / \ (thermo.ctok(tv_env_bot)) lyre = G * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2. * dz if lyre < 0: totn += lyre # Move the bottom layer to the top of the boundary layer if lower > pe2: lower = pe2 pcl.blayer = lower # Calculate height of various temperature levels p0c = temp_lvl(0., prof) pm10c = temp_lvl(-10., prof) pm20c = temp_lvl(-20., prof) pm30c = temp_lvl(-30., prof) hgt0c = interp.hght(p0c, prof) hgtm10c = interp.hght(pm10c, prof) hgtm20c = interp.hght(pm20c, prof) hgtm30c = interp.hght(pm30c, prof) pcl.p0c = p0c pcl.pm10c = pm10c pcl.pm20c = pm20c pcl.pm30c = pm30c pcl.hght0c = hgt0c pcl.hghtm10c = hgtm10c pcl.hghtm20c = hgtm20c pcl.hghtm30c = hgtm30c # Find lowest observation in layer i = 0 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] > lower: if i == prof.gNumLevels-1: break i += 1 while not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tdind]): if i == prof.gNumLevels-1: break i += 1 lptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == lower: if i != prof.gNumLevels-1: lptr += 1 # Find highest observation in layer i = prof.gNumLevels-1 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] < upper: if i < lptr: break i -= 1 uptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == upper: if i > lptr: uptr -= 1 # START WITH INTERPOLATED BOTTOM LAYER # Begin moist ascent from lifted parcel LCL (pe2, tp2) pe1 = lower h1 = interp.hght(pe1, prof) te1 = interp.vtmp(pe1, prof) tp1 = thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp2, pe1) lyre = 0 lyrlast = 0 for i in range(lptr, prof.gNumLevels): if not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind]): continue pe2 = prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] h2 = prof.gSndg[i][prof.zind] te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe2) tdef1 = (thermo.virtemp(pe1, tp1, tp1) - te1) / thermo.ctok(te1) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2) lyrlast = lyre lyre = G * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h1) # Add layer energy to total positive if lyre > 0 if lyre > 0: totp += lyre # Add layer energy to total negative if lyre < 0, only up to EL else: if pe2 > 500.: totn += lyre # Check for Max LI mli = thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2 if mli > li_max: li_max = mli li_maxpres = pe2 # Check for Max Cap Strength mcap = te2 - mli if mcap > cap_strength: cap_strength = mcap cap_strengthpres = pe2 tote += lyre pelast = pe1 pe1 = pe2 h1 = h2 te1 = te2 tp1 = tp2 # Is this the top of the specified layer if i >= uptr and not QC(pcl.bplus): pe3 = pe1 h3 = h1 te3 = te1 tp3 = tp1 lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.bplus = totp - lyrf pcl.bminus = totn else: pcl.bplus = totp if pe2 > 500.: pcl.bminus = totn + lyrf else: pcl.bminus = totn pe2 = upper h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.bplus += lyrf else: if pe2 > 500.: pcl.bminus += lyrf if pcl.bplus == 0: pcl.bminus = 0. # Is this the freezing level if te2 < 0. and not QC(pcl.bfzl): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.bfzl = totp - lyrf else: pcl.bfzl = totp if not QC(p0c) or p0c > pe3: pcl.bfzl = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgt0c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.bfzl += lyrf # Is this the -10C level if te2 < -10. and not QC(pcl.wm10c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm10c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm10c = totp if not QC(pm10c) or pm10c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm10c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm10c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm10c += lyrf # Is this the -20C level if te2 < -20. and not QC(pcl.wm20c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm20c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm20c = totp if not QC(pm20c) or pm20c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm20c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm20c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm20c += lyrf # Is this the -30C level if te2 < -30. and not QC(pcl.wm30c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm30c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm30c = totp if not QC(pm30c) or pm30c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm30c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm30c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm30c += lyrf # Is this the 3km level if pcl.lclhght < 3000.: h = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) if h >= 3000. and not QC(pcl.b3km): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.b3km = totp - lyrf else: pcl.b3km = totp h2 = interp.msl(3000., prof) pe2 = interp.pres(h2, prof) if QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.b3km += lyrf else: pcl.b3km = 0. # Is this the 6km level if pcl.lclhght < 6000.: h = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) if h >= 6000. and not QC(pcl.b6km): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.b6km = totp - lyrf else: pcl.b6km = totp h2 = interp.msl(6000., prof) pe2 = interp.pres(h2, prof) if QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.b6km += lyrf else: pcl.b6km = 0. # LFC Possibility if lyre >= 0. and lyrlast <= 0.: tp3 = tp1 te3 = te1 pe2 = pe1 pe3 = pelast while interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) > thermo.virtemp(pe3, thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3), thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3)): pe3 -= 5 pcl.lfcpres = pe3 pcl.lfchght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe3, prof), prof) cinh_old = totn tote = 0. pcl.elpres = RMISSD li_max = RMISSD if cap_strength < 0.: cap_strength = 0. pcl.cap = cap_strength pcl.cappres = cap_strengthpres # Hack to force LFC to be at least at the LCL if pcl.lfcpres > pcl.lclpres: pcl.lfcpres = pcl.lclpres pcl.lfchght = pcl.lclhght # EL Possibility if lyre <= 0. and lyrlast >= 0.: tp3 = tp1 te3 = te1 pe2 = pe1 pe3 = pelast while interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) < thermo.virtemp(pe3, thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3), thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3)): pe3 -= 5 pcl.elpres = pe3 pcl.elhght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe3, prof), prof) pcl.mplpres = RMISSD pcl.limax = -li_max pcl.limaxpress = li_maxpres # MPL Possibility if tote < 0. and not QC(pcl.mplpres) and QC(pcl.elpres): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) totx = tote - lyre pe2 = pelast while totx > 0: pe2 -= 1 te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) totx += lyrf tp3 = tp2 te3 = te2 pe3 = pe2 pcl.mplpres = pe2 pcl.mplhght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) # 500 hPa Lifted Index if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] <= 500. and pcl.li5 == RMISSD: a = interp.vtmp(500., prof) b = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, 500.) pcl.li5 = a - thermo.virtemp(500, b, b) # 300 hPa Lifted Index if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] <= 300. and pcl.li3 == RMISSD: a = interp.vtmp(300., prof) b = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, 300.) pcl.li3 = a - thermo.virtemp(300, b, b) # Calculate BRN if available pcl = bulk_rich(pcl, prof) pcl.bminus = cinh_old if pcl.bplus == 0: pcl.bminus = 0. return pcl
def posneg_wetbulb(prof, start=-1): ''' Positive/Negative Wetbulb profile Adapted from SHARP code donated by Rich Thompson (SPC) Description: This routine calculates the positive (above 0 C) and negative (below 0 C) areas of the wet bulb profile starting from a specified pressure (start). If the specified pressure is not given, this routine calls init_phase() to obtain the pressure level the precipitation expected to fall begins at. This is an routine considers the wet-bulb profile instead of the temperature profile in case the profile beneath the profile beneath the falling precipitation becomes saturated. Parameters ---------- prof : Profile object start : the pressure level the precpitation originates from (found by calling init_phase()) Returns ------- pos : the positive area (> 0 C) of the wet-bulb profile in J/kg neg : the negative area (< 0 C) of the wet-bulb profile in J/kg top : the top of the precipitation layer pressure in mb bot : the bottom of the precipitation layer pressure in mb ''' # Needs to be tested # If there is no sounding, don't compute anything if utils.QC(interp.temp(prof, 500)) == False and utils.QC(interp.temp(prof, 850)) == False: return np.ma.masked, np.ma.masked, np.ma.masked, np.ma.masked # Find lowest obs in layer lower = prof.pres[prof.get_sfc()] lptr = prof.get_sfc() # Find the highest obs in the layer if start == -1: lvl, phase, st = init_phase(prof) if lvl > 0: upper = lvl else: upper = 500. else: upper = start # Find the level where the pressure is just greater than the upper pressure idxs = np.where(prof.pres > upper)[0] if len(idxs) == 0: uptr = 0 else: uptr = idxs[-1] # Start with the upper layer pe1 = upper; h1 = interp.hght(prof, pe1); te1 = thermo.wetbulb(pe1, interp.temp(prof, pe1), interp.dwpt(prof, pe1)) tp1 = 0 warmlayer = coldlayer = lyre = totp = totn = tote = ptop = pbot = lyrlast = 0 for i in np.arange(uptr, lptr-1, -1): pe2 = prof.pres[i] h2 = prof.hght[i] te2 = thermo.wetbulb(pe2, interp.temp(prof, pe2), interp.dwpt(prof, pe2)) tp2 = 0 tdef1 = (0 - te1) / thermo.ctok(te1); tdef2 = (0 - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2); lyrlast = lyre; lyre = 9.8 * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2.0 * (h2 - h1); # Has a warm layer been found yet? if te2 > 0: if warmlayer == 0: warmlayer = 1 ptop = pe2 # Has a cold layer been found yet? if te2 < 0: if warmlayer == 1 and coldlayer == 0: coldlayer = 1 pbot = pe2 if warmlayer > 0: if lyre > 0: totp += lyre else: totn += lyre tote += lyre pelast = pe1 pe1 = pe2 h1 = h2 te1 = te2 tp1 = tp2 if warmlayer == 1 and coldlayer == 1: pos = totp neg = totn top = ptop bot = pbot else: neg = 0 pos = 0 bot = 0 top = 0 return pos, neg, top, bot