def test_proptest(self):
# equality of k-samples
pt = smprop.proportions_chisquare(self.n_success,
self.nobs,
value=None)
assert_almost_equal(pt[0], self.res_prop_test.statistic, decimal=13)
assert_almost_equal(pt[1], self.res_prop_test.p_value, decimal=13)
# several against value
pt = smprop.proportions_chisquare(
self.n_success,
self.nobs,
value=self.res_prop_test_val.null_value[0])
assert_almost_equal(pt[0],
self.res_prop_test_val.statistic,
decimal=13)
assert_almost_equal(pt[1], self.res_prop_test_val.p_value, decimal=13)
# one proportion against value
pt = smprop.proportions_chisquare(
self.n_success[0],
self.nobs[0],
value=self.res_prop_test_1.null_value)
assert_almost_equal(pt[0], self.res_prop_test_1.statistic, decimal=13)
assert_almost_equal(pt[1], self.res_prop_test_1.p_value, decimal=13)
def test_proportion_ztests():
# currently only consistency test with proportions chisquare
# Note: alternative handling is generic
res1 = smprop.proportions_ztest(15, 20., value=0.5, prop_var=0.5)
res2 = smprop.proportions_chisquare(15, 20., value=0.5)
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], res2[1], decimal=13)
res1 = smprop.proportions_ztest(np.asarray([15, 10]),
np.asarray([20., 20]),
value=0,
prop_var=None)
res2 = smprop.proportions_chisquare(np.asarray([15, 10]),
np.asarray([20., 20]))
# test only p-value
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], res2[1], decimal=13)
# test with integers, issue #7603
res1 = smprop.proportions_ztest(np.asarray([15, 10]),
np.asarray([20, 50000]),
value=0,
prop_var=None)
res2 = smprop.proportions_chisquare(np.asarray([15, 10]),
np.asarray([20, 50000]))
# test only p-value
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], res2[1], decimal=13)
assert_array_less(0, res2[-1][1]) # expected should be positive
def test_proportion_ztests():
# currently only consistency test with proportions chisquare
# Note: alternative handling is generic
res1 = smprop.proportions_ztest(15, 20., value=0.5, prop_var=0.5)
res2 = smprop.proportions_chisquare(15, 20., value=0.5)
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], res2[1], decimal=13)
res1 = smprop.proportions_ztest(np.asarray([15, 10]), np.asarray([20., 20]),
value=0, prop_var=None)
res2 = smprop.proportions_chisquare(np.asarray([15, 10]), np.asarray([20., 20]))
# test only p-value
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], res2[1], decimal=13)
def test_proportion_ztests():
# currently only consistency test with proportions chisquare
# Note: alternative handling is generic
res1 = smprop.proportions_ztest(15, 20., value=0.5, prop_var=0.5)
res2 = smprop.proportions_chisquare(15, 20., value=0.5)
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], res2[1], decimal=13)
res1 = smprop.proportions_ztest(np.asarray([15, 10]), np.asarray([20., 20]),
value=0, prop_var=None)
res2 = smprop.proportions_chisquare(np.asarray([15, 10]), np.asarray([20., 20]))
# test only p-value
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], res2[1], decimal=13)
def quote(self, client_callback):
if len(self.quote_history) > 100:
mid = np.mean(self.quote_history[-100:])
else:
mid = (self.curr_mid_bounds[0] + self.curr_mid_bounds[1]) / 2.
bidaskspread = self.curr_mid_bounds[1] - self.curr_mid_bounds[0]
self.curr_mid_bounds[1], self.curr_mid_bounds[0] = mid + bidaskspread/2, mid - bidaskspread/2
skew = (self.curr_mid_bounds[1] - self.curr_mid_bounds[0]) / 2. * np.tanh(-self.inventory / self.MAX_INVENTORY)
client_mid = mid + skew
order = client_callback(client_mid - self.BID_ASK_SPREAD/2., client_mid + self.BID_ASK_SPREAD/2.)
self.quote_history.append(client_mid)
self.broker_mid.append(mid)
self.order_history.append(order)
self.curr_mid_stats.add_order(order, client_mid)
self.inventory += order
self.cashflow_history.append(-client_mid*order + self.BID_ASK_SPREAD/2. * np.abs(order))
pbuy = float(self.curr_mid_stats.buy) / self.curr_mid_stats.total_orders
psell = float(self.curr_mid_stats.sell) / self.curr_mid_stats.total_orders
pval = proportions_chisquare(
np.array([self.curr_mid_stats.buy, self.curr_mid_stats.sell]),
self.curr_mid_stats.total_orders,
np.array([(pbuy+psell)/2, (pbuy+psell)/2]))[1]
if pval < self.significance_level:
ave_mid = self.curr_mid_stats.ave_mid
if self.curr_mid_stats.buy < self.curr_mid_stats.sell:
self.curr_mid_bounds[1] += (ave_mid - self.curr_mid_bounds[0]) / 2.
self.curr_mid_bounds[0] += (ave_mid - self.curr_mid_bounds[0]) / 2.
else:
self.curr_mid_bounds[0] -= (self.curr_mid_bounds[1] - ave_mid) / 2.
self.curr_mid_bounds[1] -= (self.curr_mid_bounds[1] - ave_mid) / 2.
self.curr_mid_stats = Broker.OrderStats()
print('ave mid: %f, bound %f %f' %((ave_mid,) + tuple(self.curr_mid_bounds)))
def test_ztest_ztost():
# compare weightstats with separately tested proportion ztest ztost
import statsmodels.stats.proportion as smprop
x1 = [0, 1]
w1 = [5, 15]
res2 = smprop.proportions_ztest(15, 20., value=0.5)
d1 = DescrStatsW(x1, w1)
res1 = d1.ztest_mean(0.5)
assert_allclose(res1, res2, rtol=0.03, atol=0.003)
d2 = DescrStatsW(x1, np.array(w1)*21./20)
res1 = d2.ztest_mean(0.5)
assert_almost_equal(res1, res2, decimal=12)
res1 = d2.ztost_mean(0.4, 0.6)
res2 = smprop.proportions_ztost(15, 20., 0.4, 0.6)
assert_almost_equal(res1[0], res2[0], decimal=12)
x2 = [0, 1]
w2 = [10, 10]
# d2 = DescrStatsW(x1, np.array(w1)*21./20)
d2 = DescrStatsW(x2, w2)
res1 = ztest(d1.asrepeats(), d2.asrepeats())
res2 = smprop.proportions_chisquare(np.asarray([15, 10]),
np.asarray([20., 20]))
# TODO: check this is this difference expected?, see test_proportion
assert_allclose(res1[1], res2[1], rtol=0.03)
res1a = CompareMeans(d1, d2).ztest_ind()
assert_allclose(res1a[1], res2[1], rtol=0.03)
assert_almost_equal(res1a, res1, decimal=12)
def _p_value(self, row):
_, p_value, _ = (proportions_chisquare(
count=[row[self._numerator + SFX1], row[self._numerator + SFX2]],
nobs=[
row[self._denominator + SFX1], row[self._denominator + SFX2]
]))
return p_value
def test_ztest_ztost():
# compare weightstats with separately tested proportion ztest ztost
import statsmodels.stats.proportion as smprop
x1 = [0, 1]
w1 = [5, 15]
res2 = smprop.proportions_ztest(15, 20., value=0.5)
d1 = DescrStatsW(x1, w1)
res1 = d1.ztest_mean(0.5)
assert_allclose(res1, res2, rtol=0.03, atol=0.003)
d2 = DescrStatsW(x1, np.array(w1) * 21. / 20)
res1 = d2.ztest_mean(0.5)
assert_almost_equal(res1, res2, decimal=12)
res1 = d2.ztost_mean(0.4, 0.6)
res2 = smprop.proportions_ztost(15, 20., 0.4, 0.6)
assert_almost_equal(res1[0], res2[0], decimal=12)
x2 = [0, 1]
w2 = [10, 10]
#d2 = DescrStatsW(x1, np.array(w1)*21./20)
d2 = DescrStatsW(x2, w2)
res1 = ztest(d1.asrepeats(), d2.asrepeats())
res2 = smprop.proportions_chisquare(np.asarray([15, 10]),
np.asarray([20., 20]))
#TODO: check this is this difference expected?, see test_proportion
assert_allclose(res1[1], res2[1], rtol=0.03)
res1a = CompareMeans(d1, d2).ztest_ind()
assert_allclose(res1a[1], res2[1], rtol=0.03)
assert_almost_equal(res1a, res1, decimal=12)
def simulate(self):
"""This simulation assumes that we are testing for an `effect` in a single
experiment.
Returns
-------
chi2 : float
The chi2 statistic from chi2 test in StatsModels
p_value : float [0, 1]
The p-value from chi2 test in StatsModels
effect_point_estimates : list of float
The effect size point estimates observed in the treatment groups
"""
observations = [
np.random.binomial(1, self.natural_rate + absolute_effeect,
int(self.sample_size *
self.test_splits[i])).sum()
for i, absolute_effect in enumerate(self.absolute_effects)
]
effect_point_estimates = round(
np.array(observations) / (self.test_splits * self.sample_size) -
self.natural_rate, 4)
chi2, p_value, _ = proportions_chisquare(
observations, (self.test_splits * self.sample_size).astype(int))
return chi2, p_value, effect_point_estimates
def test_proptest(self):
# equality of k-samples
pt = smprop.proportions_chisquare(self.n_success, self.nobs, value=None)
assert_almost_equal(pt[0], self.res_prop_test.statistic, decimal=13)
assert_almost_equal(pt[1], self.res_prop_test.p_value, decimal=13)
# several against value
pt = smprop.proportions_chisquare(self.n_success, self.nobs,
value=self.res_prop_test_val.null_value[0])
assert_almost_equal(pt[0], self.res_prop_test_val.statistic, decimal=13)
assert_almost_equal(pt[1], self.res_prop_test_val.p_value, decimal=13)
# one proportion against value
pt = smprop.proportions_chisquare(self.n_success[0], self.nobs[0],
value=self.res_prop_test_1.null_value)
assert_almost_equal(pt[0], self.res_prop_test_1.statistic, decimal=13)
assert_almost_equal(pt[1], self.res_prop_test_1.p_value, decimal=13)
def ztest(data: pd.DataFrame,
factors: np.ndarray,
levels: np.ndarray,
y: str,
name: str,
alpha=0.05) -> dict:
'''
For each factor in factors, conducts a t-test/one-way ANOVA to see if there are any
differences in the means of two or more groups.
Parameters
----------
data (pandas.DataFrame): df containing data of the experiment.
factors (numpy.ndarray): the list of the independent variables.
levels (numpy.ndarray): the matrix of factor x level. Each row represents a
factor and each element in a row represents a level.
y (str): the name of the dependent variable.
name (str): the version of the experiment.
alpha (float): ignored.
Return
-------
result_dict (dict): keys are factors and values are the results of statistical tests.
"Experiment" key is used as an index.
'''
result_dict = {'Experiment': name.replace('_', ' ').title()}
filtered = data[data[y] == 1]
for factor, factor_levels in zip(factors, levels):
count = []
nobs = []
base_data = data
base_filtered = filtered
for i in range(1, len(factor_levels)):
base_data = base_data[base_data[factor + '_' +
factor_levels[i]] == 0]
base_filtered = base_filtered[base_filtered[factor + '_' +
factor_levels[i]] == 0]
count.append(
len(filtered[filtered[factor + '_' + factor_levels[i]] == 1]))
nobs.append(len(data[data[factor + '_' + factor_levels[i]] == 1]))
count.append(len(base_filtered))
nobs.append(len(base_data))
if len(count) > 2:
result = proportions_chisquare(np.array(count), np.array(nobs))
else:
result = proportions_ztest(np.array(count), np.array(nobs))
p = p_to_string(result[1])
result_dict[factor] = str(round(result[0], 2)) + ' ' + p
return result_dict
def get_statistical_results_number_of_review(trait, reviews, authors_higher,
authors_lower):
all_data = []
all_reviews_for_group_higher = [[author, anime, grade]
for author, anime, grade in reviews
if author in authors_higher]
all_reviews_for_group_lower = [[author, anime, grade]
for author, anime, grade in reviews
if author in authors_lower]
number_of_all_reviews_higher = len(all_reviews_for_group_higher)
number_of_all_reviews_lower = len(all_reviews_for_group_lower)
for genre in all_genres:
reviews_for_genre_higher = [[
author, anime, grade
] for author, anime, grade in all_reviews_for_group_higher
if genre in anime_genres[str(anime)]]
reviews_for_genre_lower = [[
author, anime, grade
] for author, anime, grade in all_reviews_for_group_lower
if genre in anime_genres[str(anime)]]
ratio_higher = (len(reviews_for_genre_higher) /
number_of_all_reviews_higher) * 100
ratio_lower = (len(reviews_for_genre_lower) /
number_of_all_reviews_lower) * 100
diff_ratio = ratio_higher - ratio_lower
chisq, pvalue, table = proportion.proportions_chisquare(
[len(reviews_for_genre_higher),
len(reviews_for_genre_lower)],
[number_of_all_reviews_higher, number_of_all_reviews_lower],
)
power = chisq / (number_of_all_reviews_higher +
number_of_all_reviews_lower)
all_data.append([
genre,
number_of_all_reviews_higher,
len(reviews_for_genre_higher),
number_of_all_reviews_lower,
len(reviews_for_genre_lower),
ratio_higher,
ratio_lower,
diff_ratio,
chisq,
pvalue,
power,
trait,
])
return all_data
def calc_chisquared_pvalue(group_counts: Sequence[int],
converter_counts: Sequence[int]) -> np.float64:
"""Performs the Chi-squared statistical test of proportions.
Args:
group_counts: Sequence of total user counts in test and control groups. Two
or more groups should be used.
converter_counts: Sequence of number of converters in each group specified
in the group_counts.
Returns:
p-value from the test.
"""
assert len(group_counts) >= 2, 'Two or more goups should be used.'
assert len(group_counts) == len(converter_counts), (
'group_counts and converter_counts should have the same length.')
_, p_val, _ = proportion.proportions_chisquare(count=converter_counts,
nobs=group_counts)
return p_val
normal_CI_uksd(nx,0.05)
'''
Hypothesis Testing in Python
'''
# Binomial Test
n_lcd = 893; x_lcd = 39; p_lcd = 0.04
from scipy.stats import binom_test
binom_test(x=x_lcd,n=n_lcd,p=p_lcd)
# Proportion Test
Male_Admit = [512, 353, 120, 138, 53, 22]
Male_Applied = [825, 560, 325, 417, 191, 373]
Female_Prop = np.array([0.824, 0.680, 0.341, 0.349, 0.239, 0.070])
from statsmodels.stats.proportion import proportions_chisquare
proportions_chisquare(count = Male_Admit, nobs=Male_Applied,value=Female_Prop)
# Normal test: One sample Z-test
def z_test(x,mu,sd,alternative):
import scipy
xmean = x.mean(); n = len(x)
ztest = np.sqrt(n)*(xmean-mu)/sd
if alternative=="less":
pvalue = scipy.stats.norm.cdf(ztest)
if alternative=="greater":
pvalue = 1-scipy.stats.norm.cdf(ztest)
if alternative=="two.sided":
pvalue = 2*(1-scipy.stats.norm.cdf(ztest))
print("The Z-test Value is :",ztest)
print("The p-value is :",pvalue)
## Question:
## Do A and B versions of the website give the website the same
## conversion rate? What is the significance level?
###################################################################################
## Assign some variables
visits_per_group = 298234/2
success_A = 8365
success_B = 8604
conversion_rate_A = success_A / visits_per_group
conversion_rate_B = success_B / visits_per_group
## Perform a proportional hypothesis test
## H0 (null hypothesis): conversion rates of version A and B are the same
## H1 (alternative hypothesis): conversion rates of version A and B are different
(chi2, chi2_p_value, expected) = proportions_chisquare(count=[success_A, success_B],
nobs=[visits_per_group, visits_per_group])
print("chi2: %f \t p_value: %f" % (chi2, chi2_p_value))
## Examine the output of the chi2_contingency function.
## If the target p_value is 0.05, what is your conclusion? Do you accept or reject H0?
## Note that this test only tells you whether A & B have different conversion rates, not
## which is larger. In this case, since A & B had the same number of visits, this is easy to
## determine. However, if you only showed B to 10% of your visitors, you may want to use a
## one-sided test instead.
## Your team also wants to know the "power" of the above results. Since they want to
## know if H1 is true, what is the possiblity that we accept H0 when H1 is true?
## The power can be obtained using the GofChisquarePower.solve_power function
effect_size = proportion_effectsize(prop1=conversion_rate_A, prop2=conversion_rate_B)
proportion_test_power = NormalIndPower().solve_power(effect_size=effect_size, nobs1=visits_per_group, alpha=0.05)
## Do A and B versions of the website give the website the same
## conversion rate? What is the significance level?
###################################################################################
## Assign some variables
visits_per_group = 298234 / 2
success_A = 8365
success_B = 8604
conversion_rate_A = success_A / visits_per_group
conversion_rate_B = success_B / visits_per_group
## Perform a proportional hypothesis test
## H0 (null hypothesis): conversion rates of version A and B are the same
## H1 (alternative hypothesis): conversion rates of version A and B are different
(chi2, chi2_p_value,
expected) = proportions_chisquare(count=[success_A, success_B],
nobs=[visits_per_group, visits_per_group])
print("chi2: %f \t p_value: %f" % (chi2, chi2_p_value))
## Examine the output of the chi2_contingency function.
## If the target p_value is 0.05, what is your conclusion? Do you accept or reject H0?
## Note that this test only tells you whether A & B have different conversion rates, not
## which is larger. In this case, since A & B had the same number of visits, this is easy to
## determine. However, if you only showed B to 10% of your visitors, you may want to use a
## one-sided test instead.
## Your team also wants to know the "power" of the above results. Since they want to
## know if H1 is true, what is the possiblity that we accept H0 when H1 is true?
## The power can be obtained using the GofChisquarePower.solve_power function
effect_size = proportion_effectsize(prop1=conversion_rate_A,
prop2=conversion_rate_B)
def run(self):
subject = self.pipeline.subject
task = self.pipeline.task
events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_events')
math_events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_math_events')
intr_events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_intr_events')
rec_events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_rec_events')
all_events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_all_events')
channels = self.get_passed_object('channels')
tal_info = self.get_passed_object('tal_info')
sessions = np.unique(events.session)
self.pass_object('NUMBER_OF_SESSIONS', len(sessions))
self.pass_object('NUMBER_OF_ELECTRODES', len(channels))
session_data = []
session_summary_array = []
positions = np.unique(events.serialpos)
first_recall_counter = np.zeros(positions.size, dtype=int)
total_list_counter = 0
irt_within_cat = []
irt_between_cat = []
cumulative_n_items_from_stim = 0
cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim = 0
cumulative_n_intr_from_stim = 0
cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim = 0
cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim = 0
cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim = 0
for session in sessions:
session_summary = SessionSummary()
session_events = events[events.session == session]
n_sess_events = len(session_events)
session_rec_events = rec_events[rec_events.session == session]
session_all_events = all_events[all_events.session == session]
timestamps = session_all_events.mstime
first_time_stamp = np.min(timestamps)
last_time_stamp = np.max(timestamps)
session_length = '%.2f' % ((last_time_stamp - first_time_stamp) / 60000.0)
session_date = time.strftime('%d-%b-%Y', time.localtime(last_time_stamp/1000))
session_data.append([session, session_date, session_length])
session_name = 'Sess%02d' % session
print 'Session =', session_name
session_summary.number = session
session_summary.name = session_name
session_summary.length = session_length
session_summary.date = session_date
session_summary.n_words = len(session_events)
session_summary.n_correct_words = np.sum(session_events.recalled)
session_summary.pc_correct_words = 100*session_summary.n_correct_words / float(session_summary.n_words)
positions = np.unique(session_events.serialpos)
prob_recall = np.empty_like(positions, dtype=float)
for i,pos in enumerate(positions):
pos_events = session_events[session_events.serialpos == pos]
prob_recall[i] = np.sum(pos_events.recalled) / float(len(pos_events))
session_summary.prob_recall = prob_recall
lists = np.unique(session_events.list)
n_lists = len(lists)
prob_first_recall = np.zeros(len(positions), dtype=float)
session_irt_within_cat = []
session_irt_between_cat = []
session_summary.n_recalls_per_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.int)
session_summary.n_intr_per_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.int)
session_summary.n_stims_per_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.int)
session_summary.is_stim_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.bool)
items_per_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.int)
for lst in lists:
list_events = session_all_events[session_all_events.list == lst]
list_rec_events = session_rec_events[(session_rec_events.list == lst) & (session_rec_events.intrusion == 0)]
list_intr_events = session_rec_events[(session_rec_events.list == lst) & (session_rec_events.intrusion >= 4)]
list_word_events = list_events[list_events.type=='WORD']
#session_summary.n_recalls_per_list[lst-1] = len(list_rec_events)
#session_summary.n_intr_per_list[lst-1] = len(list_intr_events)
session_summary.n_recalls_per_list[lst-1] = np.sum(list_word_events.recalled)
session_summary.n_stims_per_list[lst-1] = np.sum(list_events.type=='STIM')
session_summary.is_stim_list[lst-1] = session_events[session_events.list == lst][0].stimList
for ie in list_intr_events:
session_summary.n_intr_per_list[ie.intrusion-1] += 1
items_per_list[lst-1] = np.sum(list_events.type=='WORD')
if list_rec_events.size > 0:
list_events = session_events[session_events.list == lst]
tmp = np.where(list_events.itemno == list_rec_events[0].itemno)[0]
if tmp.size > 0:
first_recall_idx = tmp[0]
prob_first_recall[first_recall_idx] += 1
first_recall_counter[first_recall_idx] += 1
if task == 'RAM_CatFR3':
# list_rec_events = session_rec_events[session_rec_events.list == lst]
for i in xrange(1,len(list_rec_events)):
cur_ev = list_rec_events[i]
prev_ev = list_rec_events[i-1]
# if (cur_ev.intrusion == 0) and (prev_ev.intrusion == 0):
dt = cur_ev.mstime - prev_ev.mstime
if cur_ev.category == prev_ev.category:
session_irt_within_cat.append(dt)
else:
session_irt_between_cat.append(dt)
prob_first_recall /= float(n_lists)
total_list_counter += n_lists
n_items_from_stim = np.sum(items_per_list[session_summary.is_stim_list])
n_recalls_from_stim = np.sum(session_summary.n_recalls_per_list[session_summary.is_stim_list])
n_intr_from_stim = np.sum(session_summary.n_intr_per_list[session_summary.is_stim_list])
cumulative_n_items_from_stim += n_items_from_stim
cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim += n_recalls_from_stim
cumulative_n_intr_from_stim += n_intr_from_stim
nonstim_list_mask = ~session_summary.is_stim_list
nonstim_list_mask[0:3] = False
n_items_from_nonstim = np.sum(items_per_list[nonstim_list_mask])
n_recalls_from_nonstim = np.sum(session_summary.n_recalls_per_list[nonstim_list_mask])
n_intr_from_nonstim = np.sum(session_summary.n_intr_per_list[nonstim_list_mask])
cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim += n_items_from_nonstim
cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim += n_recalls_from_nonstim
cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim += n_intr_from_nonstim
session_summary.n_correct_stim = n_recalls_from_stim
session_summary.n_total_stim = n_items_from_stim
session_summary.pc_from_stim = 100 * n_recalls_from_stim / float(n_items_from_stim)
session_summary.n_correct_nonstim = n_recalls_from_nonstim
session_summary.n_total_nonstim = n_items_from_nonstim
session_summary.pc_from_nonstim = 100 * n_recalls_from_nonstim / float(n_items_from_nonstim)
session_summary.n_stim_intr = n_intr_from_stim
session_summary.pc_from_stim_intr = 100 * n_intr_from_stim / float(n_items_from_stim)
session_summary.n_nonstim_intr = n_intr_from_nonstim
session_summary.pc_from_nonstim_intr = 100 * n_intr_from_nonstim / float(n_items_from_nonstim)
session_summary.chisqr,session_summary.pvalue,_ = proportions_chisquare([n_recalls_from_stim, n_recalls_from_nonstim], [n_items_from_stim, n_items_from_nonstim])
session_summary.chisqr_intr,session_summary.pvalue_intr,_ = proportions_chisquare([n_intr_from_stim, n_intr_from_nonstim], [n_items_from_stim, n_items_from_nonstim])
session_summary.irt_within_cat = sum(session_irt_within_cat) / len(session_irt_within_cat) if session_irt_within_cat else 0.0
session_summary.irt_between_cat = sum(session_irt_between_cat) / len(session_irt_between_cat) if session_irt_between_cat else 0.0
irt_within_cat += session_irt_within_cat
irt_between_cat += session_irt_between_cat
session_summary.prob_first_recall = prob_first_recall
if math_events is not None:
session_math_events = math_events[math_events.session == session]
session_summary.n_math = len(session_math_events)
session_summary.n_correct_math = np.sum(session_math_events.iscorrect)
session_summary.pc_correct_math = 100*session_summary.n_correct_math / float(session_summary.n_math)
session_summary.math_per_list = session_summary.n_math / float(n_lists)
session_intr_events = intr_events[intr_events.session == session]
session_summary.n_pli = np.sum(session_intr_events.intrusion > 0)
session_summary.pc_pli = 100*session_summary.n_pli / float(n_sess_events)
session_summary.n_eli = np.sum(session_intr_events.intrusion == -1)
session_summary.pc_eli = 100*session_summary.n_eli / float(n_sess_events)
session_summary_array.append(session_summary)
self.pass_object('SESSION_DATA', session_data)
self.pass_object('session_summary_array', session_summary_array)
cumulative_summary = SessionSummary()
cumulative_summary.n_words = len(events)
cumulative_summary.n_correct_words = np.sum(events.recalled)
cumulative_summary.pc_correct_words = 100*cumulative_summary.n_correct_words / float(cumulative_summary.n_words)
cumulative_summary.irt_within_cat = sum(irt_within_cat) / len(irt_within_cat) if irt_within_cat else 0.0
cumulative_summary.irt_between_cat = sum(irt_between_cat) / len(irt_between_cat) if irt_between_cat else 0.0
positions = np.unique(events.serialpos)
prob_recall = np.empty_like(positions, dtype=float)
for i,pos in enumerate(positions):
pos_events = events[events.serialpos == pos]
prob_recall[i] = np.sum(pos_events.recalled) / float(len(pos_events))
cumulative_summary.prob_recall = prob_recall
prob_first_recall = first_recall_counter / float(total_list_counter)
cumulative_summary.prob_first_recall = prob_first_recall
cumulative_summary.n_correct_stim = cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim
cumulative_summary.n_total_stim = cumulative_n_items_from_stim
cumulative_summary.pc_from_stim = 100 * cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim / float(cumulative_n_items_from_stim)
cumulative_summary.n_correct_nonstim = cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim
cumulative_summary.n_total_nonstim = cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim
cumulative_summary.pc_from_nonstim = 100 * cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim / float(cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim)
cumulative_summary.n_stim_intr = cumulative_n_intr_from_stim
cumulative_summary.pc_from_stim_intr = 100 * cumulative_n_intr_from_stim / float(cumulative_n_items_from_stim)
cumulative_summary.n_nonstim_intr = cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim
cumulative_summary.pc_from_nonstim_intr = 100 * cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim / float(cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim)
cumulative_summary.chisqr,cumulative_summary.pvalue,_ = proportions_chisquare([cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim, cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim], [cumulative_n_items_from_stim, cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim])
cumulative_summary.chisqr_intr,cumulative_summary.pvalue_intr,_ = proportions_chisquare([cumulative_n_intr_from_stim, cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim], [cumulative_n_items_from_stim, cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim])
if math_events is not None:
cumulative_summary.n_math = len(math_events)
cumulative_summary.n_correct_math = np.sum(math_events.iscorrect)
cumulative_summary.pc_correct_math = 100*cumulative_summary.n_correct_math / float(cumulative_summary.n_math)
cumulative_summary.math_per_list = cumulative_summary.n_math / float(total_list_counter)
cumulative_summary.n_pli = np.sum(intr_events.intrusion > 0)
cumulative_summary.pc_pli = 100*cumulative_summary.n_pli / float(len(events))
cumulative_summary.n_eli = np.sum(intr_events.intrusion == -1)
cumulative_summary.pc_eli = 100*cumulative_summary.n_eli / float(len(events))
self.pass_object('cumulative_summary', cumulative_summary)
def run(self):
subject = self.pipeline.subject
task = self.pipeline.task
events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_events')
math_events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_math_events')
intr_events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_intr_events')
rec_events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_rec_events')
all_events = self.get_passed_object(task + '_all_events')
channels = self.get_passed_object('monopolar_channels')
tal_info = self.get_passed_object('bipolar_pairs')
sessions = np.unique(events.session)
self.pass_object('NUMBER_OF_SESSIONS', len(sessions))
self.pass_object('NUMBER_OF_ELECTRODES', len(channels))
session_data = []
session_summary_array = []
positions = np.unique(events.serialpos)
first_recall_counter = np.zeros(positions.size, dtype=int)
total_list_counter = 0
irt_within_cat = []
irt_between_cat = []
cumulative_n_items_from_stim = 0
cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim = 0
cumulative_n_intr_from_stim = 0
cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim = 0
cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim = 0
cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim = 0
for session in sessions:
session_summary = SessionSummary()
session_events = events[events.session == session]
n_sess_events = len(session_events)
session_rec_events = rec_events[rec_events.session == session]
session_all_events = all_events[all_events.session == session]
timestamps = session_all_events.mstime
first_time_stamp = np.min(timestamps)
last_time_stamp = np.max(timestamps)
session_length = '%.2f' % ((last_time_stamp - first_time_stamp) / 60000.0)
session_date = time.strftime('%d-%b-%Y', time.localtime(last_time_stamp/1000))
session_data.append([session, session_date, session_length])
session_name = 'Sess%02d' % session
print 'Session =', session_name
session_summary.number = session
session_summary.name = session_name
session_summary.length = session_length
session_summary.date = session_date
session_summary.n_words = len(session_events)
session_summary.n_correct_words = np.sum(session_events.recalled)
session_summary.pc_correct_words = 100*session_summary.n_correct_words / float(session_summary.n_words)
positions = np.unique(session_events.serialpos)
prob_recall = np.empty_like(positions, dtype=float)
for i,pos in enumerate(positions):
pos_events = session_events[session_events.serialpos == pos]
prob_recall[i] = np.sum(pos_events.recalled) / float(len(pos_events))
session_summary.prob_recall = prob_recall
lists = np.unique(session_events.list)
n_lists = len(lists)
prob_first_recall = np.zeros(len(positions), dtype=float)
session_irt_within_cat = []
session_irt_between_cat = []
session_summary.n_recalls_per_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.int)
session_summary.n_intr_per_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.int)
session_summary.n_stims_per_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.int)
session_summary.is_stim_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.bool)
items_per_list = np.zeros(n_lists, dtype=np.int)
for lst in lists:
list_events = session_all_events[session_all_events.list == lst]
list_rec_events = session_rec_events[(session_rec_events.list == lst) & (session_rec_events.intrusion == 0)]
list_intr_events = session_rec_events[(session_rec_events.list == lst) & (session_rec_events.intrusion >= 4)]
list_word_events = list_events[list_events.type=='WORD']
#session_summary.n_recalls_per_list[lst-1] = len(list_rec_events)
#session_summary.n_intr_per_list[lst-1] = len(list_intr_events)
session_summary.n_recalls_per_list[lst-1] = np.sum(list_word_events.recalled)
session_summary.n_stims_per_list[lst-1] = np.sum(list_events.type=='STIM')
session_summary.is_stim_list[lst-1] = session_events[session_events.list == lst][0].stimList
for ie in list_intr_events:
session_summary.n_intr_per_list[ie.intrusion-1] += 1
items_per_list[lst-1] = np.sum(list_events.type=='WORD')
if list_rec_events.size > 0:
list_events = session_events[session_events.list == lst]
tmp = np.where(list_events.itemno == list_rec_events[0].itemno)[0]
if tmp.size > 0:
first_recall_idx = tmp[0]
prob_first_recall[first_recall_idx] += 1
first_recall_counter[first_recall_idx] += 1
if task == 'RAM_CatFR3':
# list_rec_events = session_rec_events[session_rec_events.list == lst]
for i in xrange(1,len(list_rec_events)):
cur_ev = list_rec_events[i]
prev_ev = list_rec_events[i-1]
# if (cur_ev.intrusion == 0) and (prev_ev.intrusion == 0):
dt = cur_ev.mstime - prev_ev.mstime
if cur_ev.category == prev_ev.category:
session_irt_within_cat.append(dt)
else:
session_irt_between_cat.append(dt)
prob_first_recall /= float(n_lists)
total_list_counter += n_lists
n_items_from_stim = np.sum(items_per_list[session_summary.is_stim_list])
n_recalls_from_stim = np.sum(session_summary.n_recalls_per_list[session_summary.is_stim_list])
n_intr_from_stim = np.sum(session_summary.n_intr_per_list[session_summary.is_stim_list])
cumulative_n_items_from_stim += n_items_from_stim
cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim += n_recalls_from_stim
cumulative_n_intr_from_stim += n_intr_from_stim
nonstim_list_mask = ~session_summary.is_stim_list
nonstim_list_mask[0:3] = False
n_items_from_nonstim = np.sum(items_per_list[nonstim_list_mask])
n_recalls_from_nonstim = np.sum(session_summary.n_recalls_per_list[nonstim_list_mask])
n_intr_from_nonstim = np.sum(session_summary.n_intr_per_list[nonstim_list_mask])
cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim += n_items_from_nonstim
cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim += n_recalls_from_nonstim
cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim += n_intr_from_nonstim
session_summary.n_correct_stim = n_recalls_from_stim
session_summary.n_total_stim = n_items_from_stim
session_summary.pc_from_stim = 100 * n_recalls_from_stim / float(n_items_from_stim)
session_summary.n_correct_nonstim = n_recalls_from_nonstim
session_summary.n_total_nonstim = n_items_from_nonstim
session_summary.pc_from_nonstim = 100 * n_recalls_from_nonstim / float(n_items_from_nonstim)
session_summary.n_stim_intr = n_intr_from_stim
session_summary.pc_from_stim_intr = 100 * n_intr_from_stim / float(n_items_from_stim)
session_summary.n_nonstim_intr = n_intr_from_nonstim
session_summary.pc_from_nonstim_intr = 100 * n_intr_from_nonstim / float(n_items_from_nonstim)
session_summary.chisqr,session_summary.pvalue,_ = proportions_chisquare([n_recalls_from_stim, n_recalls_from_nonstim], [n_items_from_stim, n_items_from_nonstim])
session_summary.chisqr_intr,session_summary.pvalue_intr,_ = proportions_chisquare([n_intr_from_stim, n_intr_from_nonstim], [n_items_from_stim, n_items_from_nonstim])
session_summary.irt_within_cat = sum(session_irt_within_cat) / len(session_irt_within_cat) if session_irt_within_cat else 0.0
session_summary.irt_between_cat = sum(session_irt_between_cat) / len(session_irt_between_cat) if session_irt_between_cat else 0.0
irt_within_cat += session_irt_within_cat
irt_between_cat += session_irt_between_cat
session_summary.prob_first_recall = prob_first_recall
if math_events is not None:
session_math_events = math_events[math_events.session == session]
session_summary.n_math = len(session_math_events)
session_summary.n_correct_math = np.sum(session_math_events.iscorrect)
session_summary.pc_correct_math = 100*session_summary.n_correct_math / float(session_summary.n_math)
session_summary.math_per_list = session_summary.n_math / float(n_lists)
session_intr_events = intr_events[intr_events.session == session]
session_summary.n_pli = np.sum(session_intr_events.intrusion > 0)
session_summary.pc_pli = 100*session_summary.n_pli / float(n_sess_events)
session_summary.n_eli = np.sum(session_intr_events.intrusion == -1)
session_summary.pc_eli = 100*session_summary.n_eli / float(n_sess_events)
session_summary_array.append(session_summary)
self.pass_object('SESSION_DATA', session_data)
self.pass_object('session_summary_array', session_summary_array)
cumulative_summary = SessionSummary()
cumulative_summary.n_words = len(events)
cumulative_summary.n_correct_words = np.sum(events.recalled)
cumulative_summary.pc_correct_words = 100*cumulative_summary.n_correct_words / float(cumulative_summary.n_words)
cumulative_summary.irt_within_cat = sum(irt_within_cat) / len(irt_within_cat) if irt_within_cat else 0.0
cumulative_summary.irt_between_cat = sum(irt_between_cat) / len(irt_between_cat) if irt_between_cat else 0.0
positions = np.unique(events.serialpos)
prob_recall = np.empty_like(positions, dtype=float)
for i,pos in enumerate(positions):
pos_events = events[events.serialpos == pos]
prob_recall[i] = np.sum(pos_events.recalled) / float(len(pos_events))
cumulative_summary.prob_recall = prob_recall
prob_first_recall = first_recall_counter / float(total_list_counter)
cumulative_summary.prob_first_recall = prob_first_recall
cumulative_summary.n_correct_stim = cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim
cumulative_summary.n_total_stim = cumulative_n_items_from_stim
cumulative_summary.pc_from_stim = 100 * cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim / float(cumulative_n_items_from_stim)
cumulative_summary.n_correct_nonstim = cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim
cumulative_summary.n_total_nonstim = cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim
cumulative_summary.pc_from_nonstim = 100 * cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim / float(cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim)
cumulative_summary.n_stim_intr = cumulative_n_intr_from_stim
cumulative_summary.pc_from_stim_intr = 100 * cumulative_n_intr_from_stim / float(cumulative_n_items_from_stim)
cumulative_summary.n_nonstim_intr = cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim
cumulative_summary.pc_from_nonstim_intr = 100 * cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim / float(cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim)
cumulative_summary.chisqr,cumulative_summary.pvalue,_ = proportions_chisquare([cumulative_n_recalls_from_stim, cumulative_n_recalls_from_nonstim], [cumulative_n_items_from_stim, cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim])
cumulative_summary.chisqr_intr,cumulative_summary.pvalue_intr,_ = proportions_chisquare([cumulative_n_intr_from_stim, cumulative_n_intr_from_nonstim], [cumulative_n_items_from_stim, cumulative_n_items_from_nonstim])
if math_events is not None:
cumulative_summary.n_math = len(math_events)
cumulative_summary.n_correct_math = np.sum(math_events.iscorrect)
cumulative_summary.pc_correct_math = 100*cumulative_summary.n_correct_math / float(cumulative_summary.n_math)
cumulative_summary.math_per_list = cumulative_summary.n_math / float(total_list_counter)
cumulative_summary.n_pli = np.sum(intr_events.intrusion > 0)
cumulative_summary.pc_pli = 100*cumulative_summary.n_pli / float(len(events))
cumulative_summary.n_eli = np.sum(intr_events.intrusion == -1)
cumulative_summary.pc_eli = 100*cumulative_summary.n_eli / float(len(events))
self.pass_object('cumulative_summary', cumulative_summary)
def multinomial_variable_plot(df,
feature,
target,
ylabel='Mean target',
ci_method='wilson',
quiet=False):
"""
Plots a multinomial distribution (k=2 or more) where the y-axis is the mean
target for each category. A significance test is performed, testing the
null hypothesis that the distribution of targets across each category are
drawn from the same distribution.
Paramters:
----------
df : pd.DataFrame,
Dataframe containing data to plot.
feature : str,
Name of the column in df to plot.
target : {str, array-like},
Must be name of column in df containing the binary target or numpy
array containing binary target for each instance in df.
ylabel : str (default='Mean target'),
Text to label the y-axis with.
ci_method : (default=wilson),
Passed to statsmodels.stats.proportion.proportion_confint, method used
to calculate 95 % confidence intervals.
quiet : bool (default=False),
Whether to print calculated statistics to screen.
Returns:
--------
fig : matplotlib.figure.Figure,
Figure object.
ax : matplotlib.pyplot.axis,
Axis plotted to.
"""
if type(target)!=str:
df['target'] = target
target = 'target'
# check target is binary
if df[target].nunique()!=2:
raise Exception('Target must be binary.')
agg_df = df.groupby(feature)[target].agg(['mean', 'count', 'sum'])
# Calculate confidence intervals and p-value
nocc = agg_df['sum'] # number of occurences of event
nobs = agg_df['count'] # number of observations
ci_lower, ci_upper = proportion_confint(nocc, nobs, method=ci_method)
cardinality = df[feature].nunique()
if cardinality==2:
# binary variable, perform 2-sided z test
test_statistic, p = proportions_ztest(nocc,
nobs,
alternative='two-sided')
statistic_text = f'Two-sided z score: {test_statistic:.4f}'
else:
# multinomial variable, perform chi-squared test
test_statistic, p, _ = proportions_chisquare(nocc, nobs)
statistic_text = f'Chi-squared : {test_statistic:.4f}'
if not quiet:
print('----'*5)
print('Variable:', feature)
print('----'*5)
print(agg_df)
print('')
print(statistic_text)
print(f'p-value: {p:.4f}')
print('')
print('ci_lower\n', ci_lower)
print('')
print('ci_upper\n', ci_upper)
# create the plot
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
yerr = np.vstack([agg_df['mean']-ci_lower, ci_upper-agg_df['mean']])
ax.bar(agg_df.index,
agg_df['mean'],
yerr=yerr,
color='grey',
capsize=2)
# format the plot
ax.set_title(f'{feature.capitalize()}, $p$: {p:.3f}', fontsize=10)
ax.tick_params(which='both', labelsize=8)
utils.remove_axis(ax)
ax.set_ylabel(ylabel, fontsize=9)
fig.set_size_inches(3.5,2.5)
return fig, ax
