コード例 #1
0
def build_geometry(mesh_path, file_format="xml", scale=1.):

    scale = float(scale)

    if file_format == "xml":
        mesh = meshio.loadMesh(mesh_path)[0]
    elif file_format == "msh":
        mesh = meshio.importGmsh(mesh_path + ".msh", scale)[0]
    elif file_format == "inp":
        mesh = meshio.importAbaqus(mesh_path + ".inp", scale)[0]
    else:
        raise TypeError("File format " + str(file_format) +
                        " not available: choose among xml, msh, inp")

    cyto = sgeom.TmComp('cyto', mesh, range(mesh.ntets))

    (zmin_tris, zmin_vset, zmax_tris, zmax_vset) = zminmax_tris(mesh)
    memb_tris = list(mesh.getSurfTris())
    for tri in zmin_tris:
        memb_tris.remove(tri)
    for tri in zmax_tris:
        memb_tris.remove(tri)
    memb = sgeom.TmPatch('memb', mesh, memb_tris, cyto)
    membrane = sgeom.Memb('membrane', mesh, [memb])

    mesh.addROI('v_zmin', sgeom.ELEM_VERTEX, zmin_vset)
    mesh.addROI('v_zmin_sample', sgeom.ELEM_VERTEX,
                radial_extrema(mesh, zmin_vset))
    mesh.addROI('v_zmax_sample', sgeom.ELEM_VERTEX,
                radial_extrema(mesh, zmax_vset))
    return mesh
コード例 #2
0
def build_geometry(mesh_path):
    mesh = meshio.loadMesh(mesh_path)[0]

    cyto = sgeom.TmComp('cyto', mesh, range(mesh.ntets))

    (zmin_tris,zmin_vset,zmax_tris,zmax_vset) = zminmax_tris(mesh)
    memb_tris = list(mesh.getSurfTris())
    for tri in zmin_tris: memb_tris.remove(tri)
    for tri in zmax_tris: memb_tris.remove(tri)
    memb = sgeom.TmPatch('memb', mesh, memb_tris, cyto)
    membrane = sgeom.Memb('membrane', mesh, [memb] )

    #mesh.addROI('v_zmin',sgeom.ELEM_VERTEX,ROIset(zmin_vset))
    #mesh.addROI('v_zmin_sample',sgeom.ELEM_VERTEX,ROIset(radial_extrema(mesh,zmin_vset)))
    #mesh.addROI('v_zmax_sample',sgeom.ELEM_VERTEX,ROIset(radial_extrema(mesh,zmax_vset)))
    mesh.addROI('v_zmin',sgeom.ELEM_VERTEX,zmin_vset)
    mesh.addROI('v_zmin_sample',sgeom.ELEM_VERTEX,radial_extrema(mesh,zmin_vset))
    mesh.addROI('v_zmax_sample',sgeom.ELEM_VERTEX,radial_extrema(mesh,zmax_vset))
    return mesh
コード例 #3
0
    def setUp(self):
        mdl = smodel.Model()

        S1 = smodel.Spec('S1', mdl)

        vsys = smodel.Volsys('vsys', mdl)
        ssys = smodel.Surfsys('ssys', mdl)

        smodel.Reac('R01', vsys, lhs=[S1], rhs=[S1], kcst=1)
        smodel.SReac('SR01', ssys, slhs=[S1], srhs=[S1], kcst=1)

        vrange = [-200.0e-3, 50e-3, 1e-3]
        vrate = lambda v: 2.0
        Chan1 = smodel.Chan('Chan1', mdl)
        chanop = smodel.ChanState('chanop', mdl, Chan1)
        chancl = smodel.ChanState('chancl', mdl, Chan1)
        smodel.VDepSReac('VDSR01',
                         ssys,
                         slhs=[chancl],
                         srhs=[chanop],
                         k=vrate,
                         vrange=vrange)
        smodel.VDepSReac('VDSR02',
                         ssys,
                         srhs=[chancl],
                         slhs=[chanop],
                         k=vrate,
                         vrange=vrange)

        Chan1_Ohm_I = smodel.OhmicCurr('Chan1_Ohm_I',
                                       ssys,
                                       chanstate=chanop,
                                       g=20e-12,
                                       erev=-77e-3)

        if __name__ == "__main__":
            self.mesh = meshio.importAbaqus('meshes/test.inp', 1e-7)[0]
        else:
            self.mesh = meshio.importAbaqus(
                'missing_solver_methods_test/meshes/test.inp', 1e-7)[0]

        comp1 = sgeom.TmComp('comp1', self.mesh, range(self.mesh.countTets()))
        comp1.addVolsys('vsys')

        patch1 = sgeom.TmPatch('patch1', self.mesh, self.mesh.getSurfTris(),
                               comp1)
        patch1.addSurfsys('ssys')

        self.c1ROIInds = range(10)
        self.p1ROIInds = range(5)
        self.mesh.addROI('comp1ROI', sgeom.ELEM_TET, self.c1ROIInds)
        self.mesh.addROI('patch1ROI', sgeom.ELEM_TRI, self.p1ROIInds)

        membrane = sgeom.Memb('membrane', self.mesh, [patch1], opt_method=1)

        rng = srng.create('mt19937', 512)
        rng.initialize(1234)

        self.sim = ssolver.Tetexact(mdl, self.mesh, rng, True)
        self.sim.setEfieldDT(1e-4)

        self.sim.reset()
コード例 #4
0
assert (len(submemb_tets_surftris.values()) == len(submemb_tets))

########## Create a membrane as a surface mesh

# Stochastic sim:
memb_stoch = sgeom.TmPatch('memb_stoch', mesh_stoch, memb_tris, cyto_stoch)
memb_stoch.addSurfsys('ssys_stoch')

# Determinsitic sim:

memb_det = sgeom.TmPatch('memb_det', mesh_det, memb_tris, cyto_det)
memb_det.addSurfsys('ssys_det')

# For EField calculation
print "Creating membrane.."
membrane = sgeom.Memb('membrane', mesh_stoch, [memb_stoch])
print "Membrane created."

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # SIMULATION  # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

r = srng.create_mt19937(512)
r.initialize(7)

r_dummy = srng.create_mt19937(512)
r_dummy.initialize(7)

print "Creating Tet exact solver"

#Creating two solvers
sim_stoch = ssolver.Tetexact(mdl_stoch, mesh_stoch, r, True)
コード例 #5
0
        for j in range(4):
            in_tris.add(tritemp[j])

    memb_tris = out_tris.intersection(in_tris)
    memb_tris = list(memb_tris)

print len(memb_tris), " surface triangles."

########## Create a membrane as a surface mesh
memb = sgeom.TmPatch('memb', mesh, memb_tris, cyto)
memb.addSurfsys('ssys')

print "Area: ", memb.getArea()

print "Creating membrane.."
membrane = sgeom.Memb('membrane', mesh, [memb])
print "Membrane created."

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # SIMULATION  # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

r = srng.create_mt19937(512)
r.initialize(7)

sim = ssolver.Tetexact(mdl, mesh, r, True)

print "Resetting simulation object.."
sim.reset()

print "Injecting molecules.."

sim.setTemp(TEMPERATURE + 273.15)
コード例 #6
0
                           ER_memb_tris,
                           icomp=ER_comp,
                           ocomp=cyto_comp)
memb_surf = stetmesh.TmPatch('memb_surf',
                             mesh,
                             NotAzTris,
                             icomp=cyto_comp,
                             ocomp=None)
# AZ_surf     = stetmesh.TmPatch('AZ_surf',         mesh, az_tris,     icomp = cyto_comp)

# $-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----
# Create the patch and associate with surface system 'ssys'
patch = stetmesh.TmPatch('patch', mesh, NotCaSensTris, icomp=cyto_comp)

# Create the membrane across which the potential will be solved
membrane = stetmesh.Memb('membrane', mesh, [patch], opt_method=1)
# $-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----

# add volume systems (with all their reactions and diff rules) to compartments:
cyto_comp.addVolsys('vsys0')
ER_comp.addVolsys('vsys1')
memb_surf.addSurfsys('surfsys0')
ER_surf.addSurfsys('surfsys2')
# $-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----
patch.addSurfsys('ssys')
# $-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----$-----

# Reactions involving SERCA:
# # SERCA species:
# SERCA_X0Ca = smodel.Spec('SERCA_X0Ca', model)
# SERCA_X1Ca = smodel.Spec('SERCA_X1Ca', model)
コード例 #7
0
        tritemp = mesh_stoch.getTetTriNeighb(Comp_tetIDs[i][j])
        for tri in tritemp:
            if tri in memb_tris:
                Compborder_triIDs[i].append(tri)
                Compborder_tri_areas[i] = Compborder_tri_areas[i] + mesh_stoch.getTriArea(tri)
                break

########## Create a membrane as a surface mesh

# Stochastic sim:
memb_stoch = sgeom.TmPatch('memb_stoch', mesh_stoch, memb_tris, cyto_stoch)
memb_stoch.addSurfsys('ssys_stoch')

# For EField calculation
print "Creating membrane.."
membrane = sgeom.Memb('membrane', mesh_stoch, [memb_stoch], opt_file_name = './meshes/'+meshfile_ab+"_optimalidx")
print "Membrane created."

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # SIMULATION  # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

r = srng.create_mt19937(512)
r.initialize(int(time.time()%1000))

# Random-number generator 
r_dummy = srng.create_mt19937(512)
r_dummy.initialize(int(time.time()%1000))

print "Creating tetexact solver..."
sim_stoch = ssolver.Tetexact(mdl_stoch, mesh_stoch, r, True)

print "Creating WM solver"
コード例 #8
0
for p in pot_pos:
    # Axis is aligned with z-axis
    pot_tet[i] = mesh.findTetByPoint([0.0, 0.0, pot_pos[i]])
    i = i + 1

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # GEOMETRY OBJECTS  # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

# Create cytosol compartment
cyto = sgeom.TmComp('cyto', mesh, range(mesh.ntets))

# Create the patch and associate with surface system 'ssys'
patch = sgeom.TmPatch('patch', mesh, memb_tris, cyto)
patch.addSurfsys('ssys')

# Create the membrane across which the potential will be solved
membrane = sgeom.Memb('membrane', mesh, [patch], opt_method=1)

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

# Create the random number generator
r = srng.create('mt19937', 512)
r.initialize(int(time.time() % 10000))

# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # SIMULATION  # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

# Create solver object using SuperLU EField solver
sim = mpi_solver.TetOpSplit(mdl, mesh, r, mpi_solver.EF_DV_SLUSYS, tet_hosts,
                            tri_hosts)
コード例 #9
0
ファイル: rallpack3.py プロジェクト: adenizot/STEPS_Example
assert (n_minzverts > 0)

memb_tris = list(mesh.getSurfTris())

# Doing this now, so will inject into first little z section
for t in minztris:
    memb_tris.remove(t)
for t in maxztris:
    memb_tris.remove(t)

# Create the membrane with the tris removed at faces
memb = sgeom.TmPatch('memb', mesh, memb_tris, cyto)
memb.addSurfsys('ssys')

membrane = sgeom.Memb('membrane',
                      mesh, [memb],
                      opt_method=2,
                      search_percent=100.0)

# Set the single-channel conductance:
g_leak_sc = L_G_tot / len(memb_tris)
OC_L = smodel.OhmicCurr('OC_L',
                        ssys,
                        chanstate=Leak,
                        erev=leak_rev,
                        g=g_leak_sc)

# Create the solver objects
sim = ssolver.TetODE(mdl, mesh, calcMembPot=True)
sim.setTolerances(1.0e-6, 1e-6)

surfarea_mesh = sim.getPatchArea('memb')
コード例 #10
0
def test_efield_vc():
    mesh = make_tri_prism(3, 10, 1.0)
    interior = sgeom.TmComp('interior', mesh, range(mesh.ntets))

    model = smodel.Model()

    # need at minimum one species
    sA = smodel.Spec('A', model)

    patch = sgeom.TmPatch('patch', mesh, mesh.getSurfTris(), interior)
    memb = sgeom.Memb('membrane', mesh, [patch], opt_method=1)

    rng = srng.create('r123', 512)
    sim = ssolver.Tetexact(model, mesh, rng, True)

    EF_dt = 1e-6  # 1 microsecond

    sim.reset()
    sim.setEfieldDT(EF_dt)

    # initialise potential of mesh vertices to 0V
    sim.setMembPotential('membrane', 0)

    # membrane capacitance
    sim.setMembCapac('membrane', 0)

    # volume resistivity
    sim.setMembVolRes('membrane', 1)  # 1 ohm·m

    # clamp top and bottom of prism
    vtop = set(
        (vi for tri in mesh.getROIData('top') for vi in mesh.getTri(tri)))
    vbottom = set(
        (vi for tri in mesh.getROIData('bottom') for vi in mesh.getTri(tri)))

    for v in vtop:
        sim.setVertV(v, 10.0)
        sim.setVertVClamped(v, True)

    for v in vbottom:
        sim.setVertV(v, 0.0)
        sim.setVertVClamped(v, True)

    # get means across all horizontal slices
    slices = dict((int(mo.group(1)), mesh.getROIData(s))
                  for s in mesh.getAllROINames()
                  for mo in [re.search('slice(\d+)', s)] if mo)
    slice_keys = list(slices.keys())
    slice_keys.sort()
    N = 10
    result = np.zeros((N, 1 + len(slice_keys)))

    for k in range(N):
        result[k, 0] = k
        sim.advance(EF_dt)
        j = 1
        for s in slice_keys:
            nv = 0
            sumv = 0.0
            for vi in slices[s]:
                nv += 1
                sumv += sim.getVertV(vi)

            result[k, j] = sumv / nv
            j += 1

    for i in np.arange(1.0, 12.0):
        for j in result[1:, int(i)]:
            assert (abs(j - (i - 1)) < 1e-10)
コード例 #11
0
def test_rallpack3():
    print("Rallpack 3 with TetODE")
    #meshfile ='axon_cube_L1000um_D866m_600tets'
    meshfile = 'axon_cube_L1000um_D866m_1135tets'
    #meshfile = 'axon_cube_L1000um_D866nm_1978tets'

    # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

    # Potassium conductance, Siemens/m^2
    K_G = 360
    # Sodium conductance, Siemens/m^2
    Na_G = 1200
    # Leak conductance, Siemens/m^2
    L_G = 0.25

    # Potassium reversal potential, V
    K_rev = -77e-3
    # Sodium reversal potential, V
    Na_rev = 50e-3
    # Leak reveral potential, V
    leak_rev = -65.0e-3

    # Potassium channel density
    K_ro = 18.0e12
    # Sodium channel density
    Na_ro = 60.0e12

    # Total leak conductance for ideal cylinder:
    surfarea_cyl = 1.0 * np.pi * 1000 * 1e-12
    L_G_tot = L_G * surfarea_cyl

    # A table of potassium density factors at -65mV, found in getpops. n0, n1, n2, n3, n4
    K_FACS = [0.216750577045, 0.40366011853, 0.281904943772, \
                0.0874997924409, 0.0101845682113 ]

    # A table of sodium density factors. m0h1, m1h1, m2h1, m3h1, m0h0, m1h0, m2h0, m3h0
    NA_FACS = [0.343079175644, 0.0575250437508, 0.00321512825945, 5.98988373918e-05, \
                0.506380603793, 0.0849062503811, 0.00474548939393, 8.84099403236e-05]

    # Ohm.m
    Ra = 1.0

    # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # SIMULATION CONTROLS # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

    # The simulation dt (seconds); for TetODE this is equivalent to EField dt
    SIM_DT = 5.0e-6

    # Sim end time (seconds)
    SIM_END = 0.1

    # The number of sim 'time points'; * SIM_DT = sim end time
    SIM_NTPNTS = int(SIM_END / SIM_DT) + 1

    # The current injection in amps
    Iinj = 0.1e-9

    # # # # # # # # # # # # # DATA COLLECTION # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

    # record potential at the two extremes along (z) axis
    POT_POS = np.array([0.0, 1.0e-03])

    POT_N = len(POT_POS)

    # Length of the mesh, in m
    LENGTH = 1000.0e-6

    # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

    mdl = smodel.Model()
    ssys = smodel.Surfsys('ssys', mdl)

    # K channel
    K = smodel.Chan('K', mdl)
    K_n0 = smodel.ChanState('K_n0', mdl, K)
    K_n1 = smodel.ChanState('K_n1', mdl, K)
    K_n2 = smodel.ChanState('K_n2', mdl, K)
    K_n3 = smodel.ChanState('K_n3', mdl, K)
    K_n4 = smodel.ChanState('K_n4', mdl, K)

    # Na channel
    Na = smodel.Chan('Na', mdl)
    Na_m0h1 = smodel.ChanState('Na_m0h1', mdl, Na)
    Na_m1h1 = smodel.ChanState('Na_m1h1', mdl, Na)
    Na_m2h1 = smodel.ChanState('Na_m2h1', mdl, Na)
    Na_m3h1 = smodel.ChanState('Na_m3h1', mdl, Na)
    Na_m0h0 = smodel.ChanState('Na_m0h0', mdl, Na)
    Na_m1h0 = smodel.ChanState('Na_m1h0', mdl, Na)
    Na_m2h0 = smodel.ChanState('Na_m2h0', mdl, Na)
    Na_m3h0 = smodel.ChanState('Na_m3h0', mdl, Na)

    # Leak
    L = smodel.Chan('L', mdl)
    Leak = smodel.ChanState('Leak', mdl, L)

    # Gating kinetics
    _a_m = lambda mV: ((((0.1 * (25 - (mV + 65.)) / (np.exp(
        (25 - (mV + 65.)) / 10.) - 1)))))
    _b_m = lambda mV: ((((4. * np.exp(-((mV + 65.) / 18.))))))
    _a_h = lambda mV: ((((0.07 * np.exp((-(mV + 65.) / 20.))))))
    _b_h = lambda mV: ((((1. / (np.exp((30 - (mV + 65.)) / 10.) + 1)))))
    _a_n = lambda mV: ((((0.01 * (10 - (mV + 65.)) / (np.exp(
        (10 - (mV + 65.)) / 10.) - 1)))))
    _b_n = lambda mV: ((((0.125 * np.exp(-(mV + 65.) / 80.)))))

    Kn0n1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Kn0n1',
                             ssys,
                             slhs=[K_n0],
                             srhs=[K_n1],
                             k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 4. * _a_n(V * 1.0e3))
    Kn1n2 = smodel.VDepSReac('Kn1n2',
                             ssys,
                             slhs=[K_n1],
                             srhs=[K_n2],
                             k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 3. * _a_n(V * 1.0e3))
    Kn2n3 = smodel.VDepSReac('Kn2n3',
                             ssys,
                             slhs=[K_n2],
                             srhs=[K_n3],
                             k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 2. * _a_n(V * 1.0e3))
    Kn3n4 = smodel.VDepSReac('Kn3n4',
                             ssys,
                             slhs=[K_n3],
                             srhs=[K_n4],
                             k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 1. * _a_n(V * 1.0e3))

    Kn4n3 = smodel.VDepSReac('Kn4n3',
                             ssys,
                             slhs=[K_n4],
                             srhs=[K_n3],
                             k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 4. * _b_n(V * 1.0e3))
    Kn3n2 = smodel.VDepSReac('Kn3n2',
                             ssys,
                             slhs=[K_n3],
                             srhs=[K_n2],
                             k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 3. * _b_n(V * 1.0e3))
    Kn2n1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Kn2n1',
                             ssys,
                             slhs=[K_n2],
                             srhs=[K_n1],
                             k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 2. * _b_n(V * 1.0e3))
    Kn1n0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Kn1n0',
                             ssys,
                             slhs=[K_n1],
                             srhs=[K_n0],
                             k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 1. * _b_n(V * 1.0e3))

    Na_m0h1_m1h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m0h1_m1h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m0h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m1h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 3. * _a_m(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m1h1_m2h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m1h1_m2h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m1h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m2h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 2. * _a_m(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m2h1_m3h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m2h1_m3h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m2h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m3h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 1. * _a_m(V * 1.0e3))

    Na_m3h1_m2h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m3h1_m2h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m3h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m2h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 3. * _b_m(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m2h1_m1h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m2h1_m1h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m2h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m1h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 2. * _b_m(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m1h1_m0h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m1h1_m0h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m1h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m0h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 1. * _b_m(V * 1.0e3))

    Na_m0h0_m1h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m0h0_m1h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m0h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m1h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 3. * _a_m(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m1h0_m2h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m1h0_m2h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m1h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m2h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 2. * _a_m(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m2h0_m3h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m2h0_m3h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m2h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m3h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 1. * _a_m(V * 1.0e3))

    Na_m3h0_m2h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m3h0_m2h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m3h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m2h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 3. * _b_m(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m2h0_m1h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m2h0_m1h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m2h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m1h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 2. * _b_m(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m1h0_m0h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m1h0_m0h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m1h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m0h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * 1. * _b_m(V * 1.0e3))

    Na_m0h1_m0h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m0h1_m0h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m0h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m0h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * _a_h(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m1h1_m1h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m1h1_m1h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m1h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m1h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * _a_h(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m2h1_m2h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m2h1_m2h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m2h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m2h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * _a_h(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m3h1_m3h0 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m3h1_m3h0',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m3h1],
                                    srhs=[Na_m3h0],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * _a_h(V * 1.0e3))

    Na_m0h0_m0h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m0h0_m0h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m0h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m0h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * _b_h(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m1h0_m1h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m1h0_m1h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m1h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m1h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * _b_h(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m2h0_m2h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m2h0_m2h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m2h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m2h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * _b_h(V * 1.0e3))
    Na_m3h0_m3h1 = smodel.VDepSReac('Na_m3h0_m3h1',
                                    ssys,
                                    slhs=[Na_m3h0],
                                    srhs=[Na_m3h1],
                                    k=lambda V: 1.0e3 * _b_h(V * 1.0e3))

    OC_K = smodel.OhmicCurr('OC_K',
                            ssys,
                            chanstate=K_n4,
                            erev=K_rev,
                            g=K_G / K_ro)
    OC_Na = smodel.OhmicCurr('OC_Na',
                             ssys,
                             chanstate=Na_m3h0,
                             erev=Na_rev,
                             g=Na_G / Na_ro)

    # Mesh geometry
    mesh = meshio.loadMesh('validation_efield/meshes/' + meshfile)[0]

    cyto = sgeom.TmComp('cyto', mesh, range(mesh.ntets))

    # The tetrahedrons from which to record potential
    POT_TET = np.zeros(POT_N, dtype='uint')

    i = 0
    for p in POT_POS:
        # Assuming axiz aligned with z-axis
        POT_TET[i] = mesh.findTetByPoint([0.0, 0.0, POT_POS[i]])
        i = i + 1

    # Find the tets connected to the bottom face
    # First find all the tets with ONE face on a boundary
    boundtets = []
    #store the 0to3 index of the surface triangle for each of these boundary tets
    bt_srftriidx = []

    for i in range(mesh.ntets):
        tettemp = mesh.getTetTetNeighb(i)
        if (tettemp[0] == -1 or tettemp[1] == -1 or tettemp[2] == -1
                or tettemp[3] == -1):
            boundtets.append(i)
            templist = []
            if (tettemp[0] == -1):
                templist.append(0)
            if (tettemp[1] == -1):
                templist.append(1)
            if (tettemp[2] == -1):
                templist.append(2)
            if (tettemp[3] == -1):
                templist.append(3)
            bt_srftriidx.append(templist)

    assert (boundtets.__len__() == bt_srftriidx.__len__())

    # Find the tets on the z=0 and z=1000um boundaries, and the triangles
    minztets = []
    minztris = []
    maxztris = []
    minzverts = set([])

    boundminz = mesh.getBoundMin()[2] + LENGTH / mesh.ntets
    boundmaxz = mesh.getBoundMax()[2] - LENGTH / mesh.ntets

    for i in range(boundtets.__len__()):
        # get the boundary triangle
        for btriidx in bt_srftriidx[i]:
            zminboundtri = True
            tribidx = mesh.getTetTriNeighb(boundtets[i])[btriidx]
            tritemp = mesh.getTri(tribidx)
            trizs = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
            trizs[0] = mesh.getVertex(tritemp[0])[2]
            trizs[1] = mesh.getVertex(tritemp[1])[2]
            trizs[2] = mesh.getVertex(tritemp[2])[2]
            for j in range(3):
                if (trizs[j] > boundminz): zminboundtri = False
            if (zminboundtri):
                minztets.append(boundtets[i])
                minztris.append(tribidx)
                minzverts.add(tritemp[0])
                minzverts.add(tritemp[1])
                minzverts.add(tritemp[2])
                continue

            zmaxboundtri = True
            for j in range(3):
                if (trizs[j] < boundmaxz): zmaxboundtri = False
            if (zmaxboundtri):
                maxztris.append(tribidx)

    n_minztris = len(minztris)
    assert (n_minztris > 0)
    minzverts = list(minzverts)
    n_minzverts = len(minzverts)
    assert (n_minzverts > 0)

    memb_tris = list(mesh.getSurfTris())

    # Doing this now, so will inject into first little z section
    for t in minztris:
        memb_tris.remove(t)
    for t in maxztris:
        memb_tris.remove(t)

    # Create the membrane with the tris removed at faces
    memb = sgeom.TmPatch('memb', mesh, memb_tris, cyto)
    memb.addSurfsys('ssys')

    membrane = sgeom.Memb('membrane',
                          mesh, [memb],
                          opt_method=2,
                          search_percent=100.0)

    # Set the single-channel conductance:
    g_leak_sc = L_G_tot / len(memb_tris)
    OC_L = smodel.OhmicCurr('OC_L',
                            ssys,
                            chanstate=Leak,
                            erev=leak_rev,
                            g=g_leak_sc)

    # Create the solver objects
    sim = ssolver.TetODE(mdl, mesh, calcMembPot=True)
    sim.setTolerances(1.0e-6, 1e-6)

    surfarea_mesh = sim.getPatchArea('memb')
    surfarea_cyl = 1.0 * np.pi * 1000 * 1e-12
    corr_fac_area = surfarea_mesh / surfarea_cyl

    vol_cyl = np.pi * 0.5 * 0.5 * 1000 * 1e-18
    vol_mesh = sim.getCompVol('cyto')
    corr_fac_vol = vol_mesh / vol_cyl

    RES_POT = np.zeros((SIM_NTPNTS, POT_N))

    for t in memb_tris:
        sim.setTriCount(t, 'Leak', 1)

    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'Na_m0h1', (Na_ro * surfarea_cyl * NA_FACS[0]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'Na_m1h1', (Na_ro * surfarea_cyl * NA_FACS[1]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'Na_m2h1', (Na_ro * surfarea_cyl * NA_FACS[2]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'Na_m3h1', (Na_ro * surfarea_cyl * NA_FACS[3]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'Na_m0h0', (Na_ro * surfarea_cyl * NA_FACS[4]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'Na_m1h0', (Na_ro * surfarea_cyl * NA_FACS[5]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'Na_m2h0', (Na_ro * surfarea_cyl * NA_FACS[6]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'Na_m3h0', (Na_ro * surfarea_cyl * NA_FACS[7]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'K_n0', (K_ro * surfarea_cyl * K_FACS[0]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'K_n1', (K_ro * surfarea_cyl * K_FACS[1]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'K_n2', (K_ro * surfarea_cyl * K_FACS[2]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'K_n3', (K_ro * surfarea_cyl * K_FACS[3]))
    sim.setPatchCount('memb', 'K_n4', (K_ro * surfarea_cyl * K_FACS[4]))

    sim.setMembPotential('membrane', -65e-3)
    sim.setMembVolRes('membrane', Ra * corr_fac_vol)
    sim.setMembCapac('membrane', 0.01 / corr_fac_area)

    for v in minzverts:
        sim.setVertIClamp(v, Iinj / n_minzverts)

    for l in range(SIM_NTPNTS):

        sim.run(SIM_DT * l)

        for p in range(POT_N):
            RES_POT[l, p] = sim.getTetV(int(POT_TET[p])) * 1.0e3

    # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

    # Benchmark
    # At 0um- the end of the mesh
    ifile_benchmark_x0 = open(
        'validation_efield/data/rallpack3_benchmark/rallpack3_0_0.001dt_1000seg',
        'r')

    # At 1000um- the end of the mesh
    ifile_benchmark_x1000 = open(
        'validation_efield/data/rallpack3_benchmark/rallpack3_1000_0.001dt_1000seg',
        'r')

    tpnt_benchmark = []
    v_benchmark_x0 = []
    v_benchmark_x1000 = []

    lines_benchmark_x0 = ifile_benchmark_x0.readlines()[2:]

    # Read in mv and ms
    for line_benchmark_x0 in lines_benchmark_x0:
        nums = line_benchmark_x0.split()
        tpnt_benchmark.append(float(nums[0]))
        v_benchmark_x0.append(float(nums[1]))

    lines_benchmark_x1000 = ifile_benchmark_x1000.readlines()[2:]

    for line_benchmark_x1000 in lines_benchmark_x1000:
        nums = line_benchmark_x1000.split()
        v_benchmark_x1000.append(float(nums[1]))

    # Get rid of the last point which seems to be missing from STEPS
    v_benchmark_x0 = v_benchmark_x0[:-1]
    tpnt_benchmark = tpnt_benchmark[:-1]
    v_benchmark_x1000 = v_benchmark_x1000[:-1]

    rms0 = stats(v_benchmark_x0, RES_POT[:, 0])
    assert (rms0 < 0.15)
    rms1000 = stats(v_benchmark_x1000, RES_POT[:, 1])
    assert (rms1000 < 1.1)