コード例 #1
0
def test_array_as_explicit_matrix_symbol():

    A = MatrixSymbol("A", 3, 3)
    B = MatrixSymbol("B", 3, 3)

    texpr = tensorproduct(A, B)
    assert isinstance(texpr, ArrayTensorProduct)
    assert texpr.as_explicit() == tensorproduct(A.as_explicit(),
                                                B.as_explicit())

    texpr = tensorcontraction(A, (0, 1))
    assert isinstance(texpr, ArrayContraction)
    assert texpr.as_explicit() == A[0, 0] + A[1, 1] + A[2, 2]

    texpr = tensordiagonal(A, (0, 1))
    assert isinstance(texpr, ArrayDiagonal)
    assert texpr.as_explicit() == ImmutableDenseNDimArray(
        [A[0, 0], A[1, 1], A[2, 2]])

    texpr = permutedims(A, [1, 0])
    assert isinstance(texpr, PermuteDims)
    assert texpr.as_explicit() == permutedims(A.as_explicit(), [1, 0])

    expr = ArrayAdd(ArrayTensorProduct(A, B), ArrayTensorProduct(B, A))
    assert expr.as_explicit(
    ) == expr.args[0].as_explicit() + expr.args[1].as_explicit()
コード例 #2
0
def test_array_expr_construction_with_functions():

    tp = tensorproduct(M, N)
    assert tp == ArrayTensorProduct(M, N)

    expr = tensorproduct(A, eye(2))
    assert expr == ArrayTensorProduct(A, eye(2))

    # Contraction:

    expr = tensorcontraction(M, (0, 1))
    assert expr == ArrayContraction(M, (0, 1))

    expr = tensorcontraction(tp, (1, 2))
    assert expr == ArrayContraction(tp, (1, 2))

    expr = tensorcontraction(tensorcontraction(tp, (1, 2)), (0, 1))
    assert expr == ArrayContraction(tp, (0, 3), (1, 2))

    # Diagonalization:

    expr = tensordiagonal(M, (0, 1))
    assert expr == ArrayDiagonal(M, (0, 1))

    expr = tensordiagonal(tensordiagonal(tp, (0, 1)), (0, 1))
    assert expr == ArrayDiagonal(tp, (0, 1), (2, 3))

    # Permutation of dimensions:

    expr = permutedims(M, [1, 0])
    assert expr == PermuteDims(M, [1, 0])

    expr = permutedims(PermuteDims(tp, [1, 0, 2, 3]), [0, 1, 3, 2])
    assert expr == PermuteDims(tp, [1, 0, 3, 2])
コード例 #3
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def test_array_as_explicit_call():

    assert ZeroArray(3, 2, 4).as_explicit() == ImmutableDenseNDimArray.zeros(
        3, 2, 4)
    assert OneArray(3, 2, 4).as_explicit() == ImmutableDenseNDimArray(
        [1 for i in range(3 * 2 * 4)]).reshape(3, 2, 4)

    k = Symbol("k")
    X = ArraySymbol("X", (k, 3, 2))
    raises(ValueError, lambda: X.as_explicit())
    raises(ValueError, lambda: ZeroArray(k, 2, 3).as_explicit())
    raises(ValueError, lambda: OneArray(2, k, 2).as_explicit())

    A = ArraySymbol("A", (3, 3))
    B = ArraySymbol("B", (3, 3))

    texpr = tensorproduct(A, B)
    assert isinstance(texpr, ArrayTensorProduct)
    assert texpr.as_explicit() == tensorproduct(A.as_explicit(),
                                                B.as_explicit())

    texpr = tensorcontraction(A, (0, 1))
    assert isinstance(texpr, ArrayContraction)
    assert texpr.as_explicit() == A[0, 0] + A[1, 1] + A[2, 2]

    texpr = tensordiagonal(A, (0, 1))
    assert isinstance(texpr, ArrayDiagonal)
    assert texpr.as_explicit() == ImmutableDenseNDimArray(
        [A[0, 0], A[1, 1], A[2, 2]])

    texpr = permutedims(A, [1, 0])
    assert isinstance(texpr, PermuteDims)
    assert texpr.as_explicit() == permutedims(A.as_explicit(), [1, 0])
コード例 #4
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def test_array_expr_construction_with_functions():

    tp = tensorproduct(M, N)
    assert tp == ArrayTensorProduct(M, N)

    expr = tensorproduct(A, eye(2))
    assert expr == ArrayTensorProduct(A, eye(2))

    # Contraction:

    expr = tensorcontraction(M, (0, 1))
    assert expr == ArrayContraction(M, (0, 1))

    expr = tensorcontraction(tp, (1, 2))
    assert expr == ArrayContraction(tp, (1, 2))

    expr = tensorcontraction(tensorcontraction(tp, (1, 2)), (0, 1))
    assert expr == ArrayContraction(tp, (0, 3), (1, 2))

    # Diagonalization:

    expr = tensordiagonal(M, (0, 1))
    assert expr == ArrayDiagonal(M, (0, 1))

    expr = tensordiagonal(tensordiagonal(tp, (0, 1)), (0, 1))
    assert expr == ArrayDiagonal(tp, (0, 1), (2, 3))

    # Permutation of dimensions:

    expr = permutedims(M, [1, 0])
    assert expr == PermuteDims(M, [1, 0])

    expr = permutedims(PermuteDims(tp, [1, 0, 2, 3]), [0, 1, 3, 2])
    assert expr == PermuteDims(tp, [1, 0, 3, 2])

    expr = PermuteDims(tp, index_order_new=["a", "b", "c", "d"], index_order_old=["d", "c", "b", "a"])
    assert expr == PermuteDims(tp, [3, 2, 1, 0])

    arr = Array(range(32)).reshape(2, 2, 2, 2, 2)
    expr = PermuteDims(arr, index_order_new=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"], index_order_old=['b', 'e', 'a', 'd', 'c'])
    assert expr == PermuteDims(arr, [2, 0, 4, 3, 1])
    assert expr.as_explicit() == permutedims(arr, index_order_new=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"], index_order_old=['b', 'e', 'a', 'd', 'c'])
コード例 #5
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def test_arrayexpr_contraction_permutation_mix():

    Me = M.subs(k, 3).as_explicit()
    Ne = N.subs(k, 3).as_explicit()

    cg1 = _array_contraction(PermuteDims(_array_tensor_product(M, N), Permutation([0, 2, 1, 3])), (2, 3))
    cg2 = _array_contraction(_array_tensor_product(M, N), (1, 3))
    assert cg1 == cg2
    cge1 = tensorcontraction(permutedims(tensorproduct(Me, Ne), Permutation([0, 2, 1, 3])), (2, 3))
    cge2 = tensorcontraction(tensorproduct(Me, Ne), (1, 3))
    assert cge1 == cge2

    cg1 = _permute_dims(_array_tensor_product(M, N), Permutation([0, 1, 3, 2]))
    cg2 = _array_tensor_product(M, _permute_dims(N, Permutation([1, 0])))
    assert cg1 == cg2

    cg1 = _array_contraction(
        _permute_dims(
            _array_tensor_product(M, N, P, Q), Permutation([0, 2, 3, 1, 4, 5, 7, 6])),
        (1, 2), (3, 5)
    )
    cg2 = _array_contraction(
        _array_tensor_product(M, N, P, _permute_dims(Q, Permutation([1, 0]))),
        (1, 5), (2, 3)
    )
    assert cg1 == cg2

    cg1 = _array_contraction(
        _permute_dims(
            _array_tensor_product(M, N, P, Q), Permutation([1, 0, 4, 6, 2, 7, 5, 3])),
        (0, 1), (2, 6), (3, 7)
    )
    cg2 = _permute_dims(
        _array_contraction(
            _array_tensor_product(M, P, Q, N),
            (0, 1), (2, 3), (4, 7)),
        [1, 0]
    )
    assert cg1 == cg2

    cg1 = _array_contraction(
        _permute_dims(
            _array_tensor_product(M, N, P, Q), Permutation([1, 0, 4, 6, 7, 2, 5, 3])),
        (0, 1), (2, 6), (3, 7)
    )
    cg2 = _permute_dims(
        _array_contraction(
            _array_tensor_product(_permute_dims(M, [1, 0]), N, P, Q),
            (0, 1), (3, 6), (4, 5)
        ),
        Permutation([1, 0])
    )
    assert cg1 == cg2
コード例 #6
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def test_array_expr_as_explicit_with_explicit_component_arrays():
    # Test if .as_explicit() works with explicit-component arrays
    # nested in array expressions:
    from sympy.abc import x, y, z, t
    A = Array([[x, y], [z, t]])
    assert ArrayTensorProduct(A, A).as_explicit() == tensorproduct(A, A)
    assert ArrayDiagonal(A, (0, 1)).as_explicit() == tensordiagonal(A, (0, 1))
    assert ArrayContraction(A, (0, 1)).as_explicit() == tensorcontraction(A, (0, 1))
    assert ArrayAdd(A, A).as_explicit() == A + A
    assert ArrayElementwiseApplyFunc(sin, A).as_explicit() == A.applyfunc(sin)
    assert PermuteDims(A, [1, 0]).as_explicit() == permutedims(A, [1, 0])
    assert Reshape(A, [4]).as_explicit() == A.reshape(4)
コード例 #7
0
ファイル: test_arrayop.py プロジェクト: wsdookadr/sympy
def test_tensordiagonal():
    from sympy import eye
    expr = Array(range(9)).reshape(3, 3)
    assert tensordiagonal(expr, [0], [1]) == expr
    assert tensordiagonal(eye(3), [0, 1]) == Array([1, 1, 1])
    assert tensordiagonal(expr, [0, 1]) == Array([0, 4, 8])
    x, y, z = symbols("x y z")
    expr2 = tensorproduct([x, y, z], expr)
    assert tensordiagonal(expr2, [1, 2]) == Array([[0, 4 * x, 8 * x],
                                                   [0, 4 * y, 8 * y],
                                                   [0, 4 * z, 8 * z]])
    assert tensordiagonal(expr2, [0, 1]) == Array([[0, 3 * y, 6 * z],
                                                   [x, 4 * y, 7 * z],
                                                   [2 * x, 5 * y, 8 * z]])
    assert tensordiagonal(expr2, [0, 1, 2]) == Array([0, 4 * y, 8 * z])
    assert tensordiagonal(expr2, [0]) == permutedims(expr2, [1, 2, 0])
    assert tensordiagonal(expr2, [1]) == permutedims(expr2, [0, 2, 1])
    assert tensordiagonal(expr2, [2]) == expr2
    assert tensordiagonal(expr2, [1], [2]) == expr2
    assert tensordiagonal(expr2, [0], [1]) == permutedims(expr2, [2, 0, 1])

    a, b, c, X, Y, Z = symbols("a b c X Y Z")
    expr3 = tensorproduct([x, y, z], [1, 2, 3], [a, b, c], [X, Y, Z])
    assert tensordiagonal(expr3, [0, 1, 2, 3]) == Array(
        [x * a * X, 2 * y * b * Y, 3 * z * c * Z])
    assert tensordiagonal(expr3, [0, 1],
                          [2, 3]) == tensorproduct([x, 2 * y, 3 * z],
                                                   [a * X, b * Y, c * Z])

    assert tensordiagonal(expr3, [0], [1, 2],
                          [3]) == tensorproduct([x, y, z], [a, 2 * b, 3 * c],
                                                [X, Y, Z])
    assert tensordiagonal(tensordiagonal(expr3, [2, 3]),
                          [0, 1]) == tensorproduct([a * X, b * Y, c * Z],
                                                   [x, 2 * y, 3 * z])

    raises(ValueError, lambda: tensordiagonal([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], [0, 1]))
    raises(ValueError, lambda: tensordiagonal(expr3.reshape(3, 3, 9), [1, 2]))
コード例 #8
0
ファイル: test_arrayop.py プロジェクト: sidhu1012/sympy
def test_permutedims_with_indices():
    A = Array(range(32)).reshape(2, 2, 2, 2, 2)
    indices_new = list("abcde")
    indices_old = list("ebdac")
    new_A = permutedims(A, index_order_new=indices_new, index_order_old=indices_old)
    for a, b, c, d, e in itertools.product(range(2), range(2), range(2), range(2), range(2)):
        assert new_A[a, b, c, d, e] == A[e, b, d, a, c]
    indices_old = list("cabed")
    new_A = permutedims(A, index_order_new=indices_new, index_order_old=indices_old)
    for a, b, c, d, e in itertools.product(range(2), range(2), range(2), range(2), range(2)):
        assert new_A[a, b, c, d, e] == A[c, a, b, e, d]
    raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(A, index_order_old=list("aacde"), index_order_new=list("abcde")))
    raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(A, index_order_old=list("abcde"), index_order_new=list("abcce")))
    raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(A, index_order_old=list("abcde"), index_order_new=list("abce")))
    raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(A, index_order_old=list("abce"), index_order_new=list("abce")))
    raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(A, [2, 1, 0, 3, 4], index_order_old=list("abcde")))
    raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(A, [2, 1, 0, 3, 4], index_order_new=list("abcde")))
コード例 #9
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def test_array_permutedims():
    sa = symbols("a0:144")

    for ArrayType in [ImmutableDenseNDimArray, ImmutableSparseNDimArray]:
        m1 = ArrayType(sa[:6], (2, 3))
        assert permutedims(m1, (1, 0)) == transpose(m1)
        assert m1.tomatrix().T == permutedims(m1, (1, 0)).tomatrix()

        assert m1.tomatrix().T == transpose(m1).tomatrix()
        assert m1.tomatrix().C == conjugate(m1).tomatrix()
        assert m1.tomatrix().H == adjoint(m1).tomatrix()

        assert m1.tomatrix().T == m1.transpose().tomatrix()
        assert m1.tomatrix().C == m1.conjugate().tomatrix()
        assert m1.tomatrix().H == m1.adjoint().tomatrix()

        raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(m1, (0, )))
        raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(m1, (0, 0)))
        raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(m1, (1, 2, 0)))

        # Some tests with random arrays:
        dims = 6
        shape = [random.randint(1, 5) for i in range(dims)]
        elems = [random.random() for i in range(tensorproduct(*shape))]
        ra = ArrayType(elems, shape)
        perm = list(range(dims))
        # Randomize the permutation:
        random.shuffle(perm)
        # Test inverse permutation:
        assert permutedims(permutedims(ra, perm), _af_invert(perm)) == ra
        # Test that permuted shape corresponds to action by `Permutation`:
        assert permutedims(ra, perm).shape == tuple(Permutation(perm)(shape))

        z = ArrayType.zeros(4, 5, 6, 7)

        assert permutedims(z, (2, 3, 1, 0)).shape == (6, 7, 5, 4)
        assert permutedims(z, [2, 3, 1, 0]).shape == (6, 7, 5, 4)
        assert permutedims(z, Permutation([2, 3, 1, 0])).shape == (6, 7, 5, 4)

        po = ArrayType(sa, [2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2])

        raises(ValueError, lambda: permutedims(po, (1, 1)))
        raises(ValueError, lambda: po.transpose())
        raises(ValueError, lambda: po.adjoint())

        assert permutedims(po, reversed(range(po.rank()))) == ArrayType([
            [
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[0], sa[72]], [sa[36], sa[108]]],
                        [[sa[12], sa[84]], [sa[48], sa[120]]],
                        [[sa[24], sa[96]], [sa[60], sa[132]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[4], sa[76]], [sa[40], sa[112]]],
                        [[sa[16], sa[88]], [sa[52], sa[124]]],
                        [[sa[28], sa[100]], [sa[64], sa[136]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[8], sa[80]], [sa[44], sa[116]]],
                        [[sa[20], sa[92]], [sa[56], sa[128]]],
                        [[sa[32], sa[104]], [sa[68], sa[140]]],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[2], sa[74]], [sa[38], sa[110]]],
                        [[sa[14], sa[86]], [sa[50], sa[122]]],
                        [[sa[26], sa[98]], [sa[62], sa[134]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[6], sa[78]], [sa[42], sa[114]]],
                        [[sa[18], sa[90]], [sa[54], sa[126]]],
                        [[sa[30], sa[102]], [sa[66], sa[138]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[10], sa[82]], [sa[46], sa[118]]],
                        [[sa[22], sa[94]], [sa[58], sa[130]]],
                        [[sa[34], sa[106]], [sa[70], sa[142]]],
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            [
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[1], sa[73]], [sa[37], sa[109]]],
                        [[sa[13], sa[85]], [sa[49], sa[121]]],
                        [[sa[25], sa[97]], [sa[61], sa[133]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[5], sa[77]], [sa[41], sa[113]]],
                        [[sa[17], sa[89]], [sa[53], sa[125]]],
                        [[sa[29], sa[101]], [sa[65], sa[137]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[9], sa[81]], [sa[45], sa[117]]],
                        [[sa[21], sa[93]], [sa[57], sa[129]]],
                        [[sa[33], sa[105]], [sa[69], sa[141]]],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[3], sa[75]], [sa[39], sa[111]]],
                        [[sa[15], sa[87]], [sa[51], sa[123]]],
                        [[sa[27], sa[99]], [sa[63], sa[135]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[7], sa[79]], [sa[43], sa[115]]],
                        [[sa[19], sa[91]], [sa[55], sa[127]]],
                        [[sa[31], sa[103]], [sa[67], sa[139]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[11], sa[83]], [sa[47], sa[119]]],
                        [[sa[23], sa[95]], [sa[59], sa[131]]],
                        [[sa[35], sa[107]], [sa[71], sa[143]]],
                    ],
                ],
            ],
        ])

        assert permutedims(po, (1, 0, 2, 3, 4, 5)) == ArrayType([
            [
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[0], sa[1]], [sa[2], sa[3]]],
                        [[sa[4], sa[5]], [sa[6], sa[7]]],
                        [[sa[8], sa[9]], [sa[10], sa[11]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[12], sa[13]], [sa[14], sa[15]]],
                        [[sa[16], sa[17]], [sa[18], sa[19]]],
                        [[sa[20], sa[21]], [sa[22], sa[23]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[24], sa[25]], [sa[26], sa[27]]],
                        [[sa[28], sa[29]], [sa[30], sa[31]]],
                        [[sa[32], sa[33]], [sa[34], sa[35]]],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[72], sa[73]], [sa[74], sa[75]]],
                        [[sa[76], sa[77]], [sa[78], sa[79]]],
                        [[sa[80], sa[81]], [sa[82], sa[83]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[84], sa[85]], [sa[86], sa[87]]],
                        [[sa[88], sa[89]], [sa[90], sa[91]]],
                        [[sa[92], sa[93]], [sa[94], sa[95]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[96], sa[97]], [sa[98], sa[99]]],
                        [[sa[100], sa[101]], [sa[102], sa[103]]],
                        [[sa[104], sa[105]], [sa[106], sa[107]]],
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            [
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[36], sa[37]], [sa[38], sa[39]]],
                        [[sa[40], sa[41]], [sa[42], sa[43]]],
                        [[sa[44], sa[45]], [sa[46], sa[47]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[48], sa[49]], [sa[50], sa[51]]],
                        [[sa[52], sa[53]], [sa[54], sa[55]]],
                        [[sa[56], sa[57]], [sa[58], sa[59]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[60], sa[61]], [sa[62], sa[63]]],
                        [[sa[64], sa[65]], [sa[66], sa[67]]],
                        [[sa[68], sa[69]], [sa[70], sa[71]]],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[108], sa[109]], [sa[110], sa[111]]],
                        [[sa[112], sa[113]], [sa[114], sa[115]]],
                        [[sa[116], sa[117]], [sa[118], sa[119]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[120], sa[121]], [sa[122], sa[123]]],
                        [[sa[124], sa[125]], [sa[126], sa[127]]],
                        [[sa[128], sa[129]], [sa[130], sa[131]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[132], sa[133]], [sa[134], sa[135]]],
                        [[sa[136], sa[137]], [sa[138], sa[139]]],
                        [[sa[140], sa[141]], [sa[142], sa[143]]],
                    ],
                ],
            ],
        ])

        assert permutedims(po, (0, 2, 1, 4, 3, 5)) == ArrayType([
            [
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[0], sa[1]], [sa[4], sa[5]], [sa[8], sa[9]]],
                        [[sa[2], sa[3]], [sa[6], sa[7]], [sa[10], sa[11]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[36], sa[37]], [sa[40], sa[41]], [sa[44], sa[45]]],
                        [[sa[38], sa[39]], [sa[42], sa[43]], [sa[46], sa[47]]],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[12], sa[13]], [sa[16], sa[17]], [sa[20], sa[21]]],
                        [[sa[14], sa[15]], [sa[18], sa[19]], [sa[22], sa[23]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[48], sa[49]], [sa[52], sa[53]], [sa[56], sa[57]]],
                        [[sa[50], sa[51]], [sa[54], sa[55]], [sa[58], sa[59]]],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[24], sa[25]], [sa[28], sa[29]], [sa[32], sa[33]]],
                        [[sa[26], sa[27]], [sa[30], sa[31]], [sa[34], sa[35]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [[sa[60], sa[61]], [sa[64], sa[65]], [sa[68], sa[69]]],
                        [[sa[62], sa[63]], [sa[66], sa[67]], [sa[70], sa[71]]],
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            [
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[72], sa[73]], [sa[76], sa[77]], [sa[80], sa[81]]],
                        [[sa[74], sa[75]], [sa[78], sa[79]], [sa[82], sa[83]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [
                            [sa[108], sa[109]],
                            [sa[112], sa[113]],
                            [sa[116], sa[117]],
                        ],
                        [
                            [sa[110], sa[111]],
                            [sa[114], sa[115]],
                            [sa[118], sa[119]],
                        ],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[84], sa[85]], [sa[88], sa[89]], [sa[92], sa[93]]],
                        [[sa[86], sa[87]], [sa[90], sa[91]], [sa[94], sa[95]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [
                            [sa[120], sa[121]],
                            [sa[124], sa[125]],
                            [sa[128], sa[129]],
                        ],
                        [
                            [sa[122], sa[123]],
                            [sa[126], sa[127]],
                            [sa[130], sa[131]],
                        ],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        [[sa[96], sa[97]], [sa[100], sa[101]],
                         [sa[104], sa[105]]],
                        [[sa[98], sa[99]], [sa[102], sa[103]],
                         [sa[106], sa[107]]],
                    ],
                    [
                        [
                            [sa[132], sa[133]],
                            [sa[136], sa[137]],
                            [sa[140], sa[141]],
                        ],
                        [
                            [sa[134], sa[135]],
                            [sa[138], sa[139]],
                            [sa[142], sa[143]],
                        ],
                    ],
                ],
            ],
        ])

        po2 = po.reshape(4, 9, 2, 2)
        assert po2 == ArrayType([
            [
                [[sa[0], sa[1]], [sa[2], sa[3]]],
                [[sa[4], sa[5]], [sa[6], sa[7]]],
                [[sa[8], sa[9]], [sa[10], sa[11]]],
                [[sa[12], sa[13]], [sa[14], sa[15]]],
                [[sa[16], sa[17]], [sa[18], sa[19]]],
                [[sa[20], sa[21]], [sa[22], sa[23]]],
                [[sa[24], sa[25]], [sa[26], sa[27]]],
                [[sa[28], sa[29]], [sa[30], sa[31]]],
                [[sa[32], sa[33]], [sa[34], sa[35]]],
            ],
            [
                [[sa[36], sa[37]], [sa[38], sa[39]]],
                [[sa[40], sa[41]], [sa[42], sa[43]]],
                [[sa[44], sa[45]], [sa[46], sa[47]]],
                [[sa[48], sa[49]], [sa[50], sa[51]]],
                [[sa[52], sa[53]], [sa[54], sa[55]]],
                [[sa[56], sa[57]], [sa[58], sa[59]]],
                [[sa[60], sa[61]], [sa[62], sa[63]]],
                [[sa[64], sa[65]], [sa[66], sa[67]]],
                [[sa[68], sa[69]], [sa[70], sa[71]]],
            ],
            [
                [[sa[72], sa[73]], [sa[74], sa[75]]],
                [[sa[76], sa[77]], [sa[78], sa[79]]],
                [[sa[80], sa[81]], [sa[82], sa[83]]],
                [[sa[84], sa[85]], [sa[86], sa[87]]],
                [[sa[88], sa[89]], [sa[90], sa[91]]],
                [[sa[92], sa[93]], [sa[94], sa[95]]],
                [[sa[96], sa[97]], [sa[98], sa[99]]],
                [[sa[100], sa[101]], [sa[102], sa[103]]],
                [[sa[104], sa[105]], [sa[106], sa[107]]],
            ],
            [
                [[sa[108], sa[109]], [sa[110], sa[111]]],
                [[sa[112], sa[113]], [sa[114], sa[115]]],
                [[sa[116], sa[117]], [sa[118], sa[119]]],
                [[sa[120], sa[121]], [sa[122], sa[123]]],
                [[sa[124], sa[125]], [sa[126], sa[127]]],
                [[sa[128], sa[129]], [sa[130], sa[131]]],
                [[sa[132], sa[133]], [sa[134], sa[135]]],
                [[sa[136], sa[137]], [sa[138], sa[139]]],
                [[sa[140], sa[141]], [sa[142], sa[143]]],
            ],
        ])

        assert permutedims(po2, (3, 2, 0, 1)) == ArrayType([
            [
                [
                    [
                        sa[0],
                        sa[4],
                        sa[8],
                        sa[12],
                        sa[16],
                        sa[20],
                        sa[24],
                        sa[28],
                        sa[32],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[36],
                        sa[40],
                        sa[44],
                        sa[48],
                        sa[52],
                        sa[56],
                        sa[60],
                        sa[64],
                        sa[68],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[72],
                        sa[76],
                        sa[80],
                        sa[84],
                        sa[88],
                        sa[92],
                        sa[96],
                        sa[100],
                        sa[104],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[108],
                        sa[112],
                        sa[116],
                        sa[120],
                        sa[124],
                        sa[128],
                        sa[132],
                        sa[136],
                        sa[140],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        sa[2],
                        sa[6],
                        sa[10],
                        sa[14],
                        sa[18],
                        sa[22],
                        sa[26],
                        sa[30],
                        sa[34],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[38],
                        sa[42],
                        sa[46],
                        sa[50],
                        sa[54],
                        sa[58],
                        sa[62],
                        sa[66],
                        sa[70],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[74],
                        sa[78],
                        sa[82],
                        sa[86],
                        sa[90],
                        sa[94],
                        sa[98],
                        sa[102],
                        sa[106],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[110],
                        sa[114],
                        sa[118],
                        sa[122],
                        sa[126],
                        sa[130],
                        sa[134],
                        sa[138],
                        sa[142],
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            [
                [
                    [
                        sa[1],
                        sa[5],
                        sa[9],
                        sa[13],
                        sa[17],
                        sa[21],
                        sa[25],
                        sa[29],
                        sa[33],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[37],
                        sa[41],
                        sa[45],
                        sa[49],
                        sa[53],
                        sa[57],
                        sa[61],
                        sa[65],
                        sa[69],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[73],
                        sa[77],
                        sa[81],
                        sa[85],
                        sa[89],
                        sa[93],
                        sa[97],
                        sa[101],
                        sa[105],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[109],
                        sa[113],
                        sa[117],
                        sa[121],
                        sa[125],
                        sa[129],
                        sa[133],
                        sa[137],
                        sa[141],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    [
                        sa[3],
                        sa[7],
                        sa[11],
                        sa[15],
                        sa[19],
                        sa[23],
                        sa[27],
                        sa[31],
                        sa[35],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[39],
                        sa[43],
                        sa[47],
                        sa[51],
                        sa[55],
                        sa[59],
                        sa[63],
                        sa[67],
                        sa[71],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[75],
                        sa[79],
                        sa[83],
                        sa[87],
                        sa[91],
                        sa[95],
                        sa[99],
                        sa[103],
                        sa[107],
                    ],
                    [
                        sa[111],
                        sa[115],
                        sa[119],
                        sa[123],
                        sa[127],
                        sa[131],
                        sa[135],
                        sa[139],
                        sa[143],
                    ],
                ],
            ],
        ])

    # test for large scale sparse array
    for SparseArrayType in [ImmutableSparseNDimArray, MutableSparseNDimArray]:
        A = SparseArrayType({1: 1, 10000: 2}, (10000, 20000, 10000))
        assert permutedims(A, (0, 1, 2)) == A
        assert permutedims(A,
                           (1, 0, 2)) == SparseArrayType({
                               1: 1,
                               100000000: 2
                           }, (20000, 10000, 10000))
        B = SparseArrayType({1: 1, 20000: 2}, (10000, 20000))
        assert B.transpose() == SparseArrayType({
            10000: 1,
            1: 2
        }, (20000, 10000))