def __overwrite_child_attr(self, name, attr): # FIXME: when setting string preference nodes to lists, it casts # the list to a string! if VERBOSE_PREF: print('[pref.__overwrite_child_attr]: %s.%s = %r' % (self._intern.name, name, attr)) # get child node to "overwrite" row = self._tree.child_names.index(name) child = self._tree.child_list[row] if isinstance(attr, Pref): # Do not break pointers when overwriting a Preference if issubclass(attr._intern.value, PrefNode): # Main Branch Logic for (key, val) in six.iteritems(attr): child.__setattr__(key, val) else: self.__overwrite_child_attr(name, attr.value()) else: # Main Leaf Logic: #assert(not issubclass(child._intern.type, PrefNode), #(self.full_name() + ' Must be a leaf')) # Keep user-readonly map up to date with internals if isinstance(child._intern.value, PrefChoice): child.change_combo_val(attr) else: child_type = child._intern.get_type() if isinstance(attr, six.string_types) and issubclass( child_type, six.string_types): #import utool as ut #ut.embed() attr = child_type(attr) attr_type = type(attr) if attr is not None and child_type is not attr_type: if util_arg.VERBOSE: print('[pref] WARNING TYPE DIFFERENCE!') print('[pref] * expected child_type = %r' % (child_type, )) print('[pref] * got attr_type = %r' % (attr_type, )) print('[pref] * name = %r' % (name, )) print('[pref] * attr = %r' % (attr, )) attr = util_type.try_cast(attr, child_type, attr) child._intern.value = attr self.__dict__[name] = child.value()
def __overwrite_child_attr(self, name, attr): # FIXME: when setting string preference nodes to lists, it casts # the list to a string! if VERBOSE_PREF: print('[pref.__overwrite_child_attr]: %s.%s = %r' % (self._intern.name, name, attr)) # get child node to "overwrite" row = self._tree.child_names.index(name) child = self._tree.child_list[row] if isinstance(attr, Pref): # Do not break pointers when overwriting a Preference if issubclass(attr._intern.value, PrefNode): # Main Branch Logic for (key, val) in six.iteritems(attr): child.__setattr__(key, val) else: self.__overwrite_child_attr(name, attr.value()) else: # Main Leaf Logic: #assert(not issubclass(child._intern.type, PrefNode), #(self.full_name() + ' Must be a leaf')) # Keep user-readonly map up to date with internals if isinstance(child._intern.value, PrefChoice): child.change_combo_val(attr) else: child_type = child._intern.get_type() if isinstance(attr, six.string_types) and issubclass(child_type, six.string_types): #import utool as ut #ut.embed() attr = child_type(attr) attr_type = type(attr) if attr is not None and child_type is not attr_type: if util_arg.VERBOSE: print('[pref] WARNING TYPE DIFFERENCE!') print('[pref] * expected child_type = %r' % (child_type,)) print('[pref] * got attr_type = %r' % (attr_type,)) print('[pref] * name = %r' % (name,)) print('[pref] * attr = %r' % (attr,)) attr = util_type.try_cast(attr, child_type, attr) child._intern.value = attr self.__dict__[name] = child.value()
def get_argval(argstr_, type_=None, default=None, help_=None, smartcast=True, return_specified=None, argv=None, verbose=None, debug=None, return_was_specified=False): r""" Returns a value of an argument specified on the command line after some flag Args: argstr_ (str or tuple): string or tuple of strings denoting the command line values to parse type_ (None): type of the variable to parse (default = None) default (None): (default = None) help_ (None): help for this argument (not fully integrated) (default = None) smartcast (bool): tries to be smart about casting the parsed strings (default = True) return_specified (bool): (default = False) argv (None): override sys.argv with custom command line vector (default = None) TODO: depricate return_was_specified CommandLine: python -m utool.util_arg --test-get_argval python -m utool.util_arg --exec-get_argval:0 python -m utool.util_arg --exec-get_argval:1 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest="holy grail" python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest="42" python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest=42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest 42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest', float)]])" --quest 42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval(('--nAssign'), int)]])" --nAssign 42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval(('--test'), str)]])" --test python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval(('--test'), str)]])" --test "foobar is good" --youbar ok Example: >>> # ENABLE_DOCTEST >>> from utool.util_arg import * # NOQA >>> import utool as ut >>> import sys >>> argv = ['--spam', 'eggs', '--quest=holy grail', '--ans=42', '--the-val=1,2,3'] >>> # specify a list of args and kwargs to get_argval >>> argstr_kwargs_list = [ >>> ('--spam', dict(type_=str, default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--quest', dict(type_=str, default=None, argv=argv)), >>> (('--ans', '--foo'), dict(type_=int, default=None, argv=argv)), >>> (('--not-there', '--absent'), dict(argv=argv)), >>> ('--the_val', dict(type_=list, argv=argv)), >>> ('--the-val', dict(type_=list, argv=argv)), >>> ] >>> # Execute the command with for each of the test cases >>> res_list = [] >>> argstr_list = ut.get_list_column(argstr_kwargs_list, 0) >>> for argstr_, kwargs in argstr_kwargs_list: >>> res = get_argval(argstr_, **kwargs) >>> res_list.append(res) >>> result = ut.dict_str(ut.odict(zip(argstr_list, res_list))) >>> result = result.replace('u\'', '\'') # hack >>> print(result) { '--spam': 'eggs', '--quest': 'holy grail', ('--ans', '--foo'): 42, ('--not-there', '--absent'): None, '--the_val': [1, 2, 3], '--the-val': [1, 2, 3], } Example: >>> # ENABLE_DOCTEST >>> from utool.util_arg import * # NOQA >>> import utool as ut >>> import sys >>> argv = ['--slice1', '::', '--slice2=4:', '--slice3=::4', '--slice4', '[1,2,3,4]', '--slice5=3'] >>> # specify a list of args and kwargs to get_argval >>> argstr_kwargs_list = [ >>> ('--slice1', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--slice2', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--slice3', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--slice4', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--slice5', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ] >>> # Execute the command with for each of the test cases >>> res_list = [] >>> argstr_list = ut.get_list_column(argstr_kwargs_list, 0) >>> list1 = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9] >>> import numpy as np >>> list2 = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6], [7, 8], [9, 1]]) >>> for argstr_, kwargs in argstr_kwargs_list: >>> res = get_argval(argstr_, **kwargs) >>> print('---') >>> print('res = %r' % (res,)) >>> print('list1[%r=%r] = %r' % (argstr_, res, ut.take(list1, res),)) >>> print('list2[%r=%r] = %r' % (argstr_, res, list2[res].tolist(),)) >>> res_list.append(res) >>> result = ut.dict_str(ut.odict(zip(argstr_list, res_list))) >>> result = result.replace('u\'', '\'') # hack >>> print(result) """ if verbose is None: pass # verbose = VERYVERBOSE if debug is None: debug = DEBUG # debug = VERYVERBOSE if argv is None: argv = sys.argv #verbose = 1 if verbose: print('[get_argval] Searching Commandline for argstr_=%r' % (argstr_,)) #print('[get_argval] * type_ = %r' % (type_,)) #print('[get_argval] * default = %r' % (default,)) #print('[get_argval] * help_ = %r' % (help_,)) #print('[get_argval] * smartcast = %r' % (smartcast,)) if return_specified is None: return_specified = return_was_specified #print(argstr_) was_specified = False arg_after = default if type_ is bool: arg_after = False if default is None else default try: # New for loop way (accounts for =) argstr_list = meta_util_iter.ensure_iterable(argstr_) # arg registration _register_arg(argstr_list, type_, default, help_) # expand out hypens EXPAND_HYPENS = True if EXPAND_HYPENS: argstr_list2 = [] seen_ = set([]) for argstr in argstr_list: if argstr not in seen_: argstr_list2.append(argstr) seen_.add(argstr) if argstr.startswith('--'): num = 2 elif argstr.startswith('-'): num = 1 else: continue argstr2_0 = argstr[0:num] + argstr[num:].replace('_', '-') argstr2_1 = argstr[0:num] + argstr[num:].replace('-', '_') if argstr2_0 not in seen_: argstr_list2.append(argstr2_0) seen_.add(argstr2_0) if argstr2_1 not in seen_: argstr_list2.append(argstr2_1) seen_.add(argstr2_1) argstr_list = argstr_list2 # Check environment variables for default as well as argv import os """ set UTOOL_NOCNN=True export UTOOL_NOCNN True """ #argv_orig = argv[:] for key, val in os.environ.items(): key = key.upper() sentinal = 'UTOOL_' if key.startswith(sentinal): key = '--' + key[len(sentinal):].lower() new_argv = [key, val] if val.upper() in ['TRUE', 'FALSE', 'ON', 'OFF']: # handled by argflag continue argv = argv[:] + new_argv if debug: print('argv.extend(new_argv=%r)' % (new_argv,)) for argx, item in enumerate(argv): for argstr in argstr_list: if item == argstr: if type_ is bool: if debug: print('[get_argval] ... argstr=%r' % (argstr,)) print('[get_argval] ... Found bool argx=%r' % (argx,)) arg_after = True was_specified = True break if argx < len(argv): if type_ is list: # HACK FOR LIST. TODO INTEGRATE if debug: print('[get_argval] ... argstr=%r' % (argstr,)) print('[get_argval] ... Found noequal list argx=%r' % (argx,)) arg_after = parse_arglist_hack(argx, argv=argv) if debug: print('[get_argval] ... arg_after=%r' % (arg_after,)) print('argv=%r' % (argv,)) if smartcast: arg_after = list(map(util_type.smart_cast2, arg_after)) if debug: print('[get_argval] ... smartcast arg_after=%r' % (arg_after,)) else: if debug: print('[get_argval] ... argstr=%r' % (argstr,)) print('[get_argval] ... Found type_=%r argx=%r' % (type_, argx,)) if type_ is None: #arg_after = util_type.try_cast(argv[argx + 1], type_) arg_after = util_type.smart_cast2(argv[argx + 1]) else: arg_after = util_type.try_cast(argv[argx + 1], type_) if was_specified: print('WARNING: argstr=%r already specified' % (argstr,)) was_specified = True break elif item.startswith(argstr + '='): val_after = ''.join(item.split('=')[1:]) if type_ is list: # HACK FOR LIST. TODO INTEGRATE if verbose: print('[get_argval] ... Found equal list') #import IPython #IPython.embed() val_after_ = val_after.rstrip(']').lstrip('[') if True: # Hacker way to be less hacky about parsing lists from utool import util_gridsearch blocks = util_gridsearch.parse_nestings(val_after_) sentinal = '##COM&&' changed = [(block[0], block[1].replace(',', sentinal)) if block[0] == 'nonNested' else block for block in blocks] val_after2 = util_gridsearch.recombine_nestings(changed) arg_after = val_after2.split(sentinal) else: arg_after = val_after_.split(',') if smartcast: arg_after = list(map(util_type.smart_cast2, arg_after)) else: if type_ is None: arg_after = util_type.smart_cast2(val_after) else: arg_after = util_type.try_cast(val_after, type_) if not isinstance(type_, six.string_types) and issubclass(type_, six.string_types): if arg_after == 'None': # hack arg_after = None if was_specified: print('WARNING: argstr=%r already specified' % (argstr,)) was_specified = True break except Exception as ex: import utool as ut ut.printex(ex, 'problem in arg_val', keys=['type_']) if ut.SUPER_STRICT: raise pass if verbose: print('[get_argval] ... Parsed arg_after=%r, was_specified=%r' % (arg_after, was_specified)) if return_specified: return arg_after, was_specified else: return arg_after
def get_argval(argstr_, type_=None, default=None, help_=None, smartcast=True, return_was_specified=False): """ Returns a value of an argument specified on the command line after some flag Examples: >>> from utool.util_arg import * # NOQA >>> import sys >>> sys.argv.extend(['--spam', 'eggs', '--quest=holy grail', '--ans=42']) >>> res1 = get_argval('--spam', type_=str, default=None) >>> res2 = get_argval('--quest', type_=str, default=None) >>> res3 = get_argval('--ans', type_=int, default=None) >>> result = ', '.join(map(str, (res1, res2, res3))) >>> print(result) eggs, holy grail, 42 CommandLine: python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest="holy grail" python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest="42" python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest=42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest 42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest', float)]])" --quest 42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval(('--nAssign'), int)]])" --nAssign 42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval(('--test'), str)]])" --test """ #print(argstr_) was_specified = False arg_after = default if type_ is bool: arg_after = False if default is None else default try: # New for loop way (accounts for =) argstr_list = meta_util_iter.ensure_iterable(argstr_) # arg registration _register_arg(argstr_list, type_, default, help_) for argx, item in enumerate(sys.argv): for argstr in argstr_list: if item == argstr: if type_ is bool: arg_after = True was_specified = True break if argx < len(sys.argv): if type_ is list: # HACK FOR LIST. TODO INTEGRATE arg_after = parse_arglist_hack(argx) if smartcast: arg_after = list(map(util_type.smart_cast2, arg_after)) else: if type_ is None: #arg_after = util_type.try_cast(sys.argv[argx + 1], type_) arg_after = util_type.smart_cast2(sys.argv[argx + 1]) else: arg_after = util_type.try_cast(sys.argv[argx + 1], type_) was_specified = True break elif item.startswith(argstr + '='): val_after = ''.join(item.split('=')[1:]) if type_ is list: #import utool as ut #ut.embed() # HACK FOR LIST. TODO INTEGRATE val_after_ = val_after.rstrip(']').lstrip('[') arg_after = val_after_.split(',') if smartcast: arg_after = list(map(util_type.smart_cast2, arg_after)) else: if type_ is None: arg_after = util_type.smart_cast2(val_after) else: arg_after = util_type.try_cast(val_after, type_) was_specified = True break except Exception as ex: import utool as ut ut.printex(ex, 'problem in arg_val') pass if return_was_specified: return arg_after, was_specified else: return arg_after
def get_argval(argstr_, type_=None, default=None, help_=None, smartcast=True, return_specified=None, argv=None, verbose=None, debug=None, return_was_specified=False): r""" Returns a value of an argument specified on the command line after some flag Args: argstr_ (str or tuple): string or tuple of strings denoting the command line values to parse type_ (None): type of the variable to parse (default = None) default (None): (default = None) help_ (None): help for this argument (not fully integrated) (default = None) smartcast (bool): tries to be smart about casting the parsed strings (default = True) return_specified (bool): (default = False) argv (None): override sys.argv with custom command line vector (default = None) TODO: depricate return_was_specified CommandLine: python -m utool.util_arg --test-get_argval python -m utool.util_arg --exec-get_argval:0 python -m utool.util_arg --exec-get_argval:1 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest="holy grail" python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest="42" python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest=42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest')]])" --quest 42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval('--quest', float)]])" --quest 42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval(('--nAssign'), int)]])" --nAssign 42 python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval(('--test'), str)]])" --test python -c "import utool; print([(type(x), x) for x in [utool.get_argval(('--test'), str)]])" --test "foobar is good" --youbar ok Example: >>> # ENABLE_DOCTEST >>> from utool.util_arg import * # NOQA >>> import utool as ut >>> import sys >>> argv = ['--spam', 'eggs', '--quest=holy grail', '--ans=42', '--the-val=1,2,3'] >>> # specify a list of args and kwargs to get_argval >>> argstr_kwargs_list = [ >>> ('--spam', dict(type_=str, default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--quest', dict(type_=str, default=None, argv=argv)), >>> (('--ans', '--foo'), dict(type_=int, default=None, argv=argv)), >>> (('--not-there', '--absent'), dict(argv=argv)), >>> ('--the_val', dict(type_=list, argv=argv)), >>> ('--the-val', dict(type_=list, argv=argv)), >>> ] >>> # Execute the command with for each of the test cases >>> res_list = [] >>> argstr_list = ut.get_list_column(argstr_kwargs_list, 0) >>> for argstr_, kwargs in argstr_kwargs_list: >>> res = get_argval(argstr_, **kwargs) >>> res_list.append(res) >>> result = ut.dict_str(ut.odict(zip(argstr_list, res_list))) >>> result = result.replace('u\'', '\'') # hack >>> print(result) { '--spam': 'eggs', '--quest': 'holy grail', ('--ans', '--foo'): 42, ('--not-there', '--absent'): None, '--the_val': [1, 2, 3], '--the-val': [1, 2, 3], } Example: >>> # ENABLE_DOCTEST >>> from utool.util_arg import * # NOQA >>> import utool as ut >>> import sys >>> argv = ['--slice1', '::', '--slice2=4:', '--slice3=::4', '--slice4', '[1,2,3,4]', '--slice5=3'] >>> # specify a list of args and kwargs to get_argval >>> argstr_kwargs_list = [ >>> ('--slice1', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--slice2', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--slice3', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--slice4', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ('--slice5', dict(type_='fuzzy_subset', default=None, argv=argv)), >>> ] >>> # Execute the command with for each of the test cases >>> res_list = [] >>> argstr_list = ut.get_list_column(argstr_kwargs_list, 0) >>> list1 = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9] >>> import numpy as np >>> list2 = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6], [7, 8], [9, 1]]) >>> for argstr_, kwargs in argstr_kwargs_list: >>> res = get_argval(argstr_, **kwargs) >>> print('---') >>> print('res = %r' % (res,)) >>> print('list1[%r=%r] = %r' % (argstr_, res, ut.take(list1, res),)) >>> print('list2[%r=%r] = %r' % (argstr_, res, list2[res].tolist(),)) >>> res_list.append(res) >>> result = ut.dict_str(ut.odict(zip(argstr_list, res_list))) >>> result = result.replace('u\'', '\'') # hack >>> print(result) """ if verbose is None: pass # verbose = VERYVERBOSE if debug is None: debug = DEBUG # debug = VERYVERBOSE if argv is None: argv = sys.argv #verbose = 1 if verbose: print('[get_argval] Searching Commandline for argstr_=%r' % (argstr_, )) #print('[get_argval] * type_ = %r' % (type_,)) #print('[get_argval] * default = %r' % (default,)) #print('[get_argval] * help_ = %r' % (help_,)) #print('[get_argval] * smartcast = %r' % (smartcast,)) if return_specified is None: return_specified = return_was_specified #print(argstr_) was_specified = False arg_after = default if type_ is bool: arg_after = False if default is None else default try: # New for loop way (accounts for =) argstr_list = meta_util_iter.ensure_iterable(argstr_) # arg registration _register_arg(argstr_list, type_, default, help_) # expand out hypens EXPAND_HYPENS = True if EXPAND_HYPENS: argstr_list2 = [] seen_ = set([]) for argstr in argstr_list: if argstr not in seen_: argstr_list2.append(argstr) seen_.add(argstr) if argstr.startswith('--'): num = 2 elif argstr.startswith('-'): num = 1 else: continue argstr2_0 = argstr[0:num] + argstr[num:].replace('_', '-') argstr2_1 = argstr[0:num] + argstr[num:].replace('-', '_') if argstr2_0 not in seen_: argstr_list2.append(argstr2_0) seen_.add(argstr2_0) if argstr2_1 not in seen_: argstr_list2.append(argstr2_1) seen_.add(argstr2_1) argstr_list = argstr_list2 # Check environment variables for default as well as argv import os """ set UTOOL_NOCNN=True export UTOOL_NOCNN True """ #argv_orig = argv[:] for key, val in os.environ.items(): key = key.upper() sentinal = 'UTOOL_' if key.startswith(sentinal): key = '--' + key[len(sentinal):].lower() new_argv = [key, val] if val.upper() in ['TRUE', 'FALSE', 'ON', 'OFF']: # handled by argflag continue argv = argv[:] + new_argv if debug: print('argv.extend(new_argv=%r)' % (new_argv, )) for argx, item in enumerate(argv): for argstr in argstr_list: if item == argstr: if type_ is bool: if debug: print('[get_argval] ... argstr=%r' % (argstr, )) print('[get_argval] ... Found bool argx=%r' % (argx, )) arg_after = True was_specified = True break if argx < len(argv): if type_ is list: # HACK FOR LIST. TODO INTEGRATE if debug: print('[get_argval] ... argstr=%r' % (argstr, )) print( '[get_argval] ... Found noequal list argx=%r' % (argx, )) arg_after = parse_arglist_hack(argx, argv=argv) if debug: print('[get_argval] ... arg_after=%r' % (arg_after, )) print('argv=%r' % (argv, )) if smartcast: arg_after = list( map(util_type.smart_cast2, arg_after)) if debug: print( '[get_argval] ... smartcast arg_after=%r' % (arg_after, )) else: if debug: print('[get_argval] ... argstr=%r' % (argstr, )) print( '[get_argval] ... Found type_=%r argx=%r' % ( type_, argx, )) if type_ is None: #arg_after = util_type.try_cast(argv[argx + 1], type_) arg_after = util_type.smart_cast2(argv[argx + 1]) else: arg_after = util_type.try_cast( argv[argx + 1], type_) if was_specified: print('WARNING: argstr=%r already specified' % (argstr, )) was_specified = True break elif item.startswith(argstr + '='): val_after = ''.join(item.split('=')[1:]) if type_ is list: # HACK FOR LIST. TODO INTEGRATE if verbose: print('[get_argval] ... Found equal list') #import IPython #IPython.embed() val_after_ = val_after.rstrip(']').lstrip('[') if True: # Hacker way to be less hacky about parsing lists from utool import util_gridsearch blocks = util_gridsearch.parse_nestings(val_after_) sentinal = '##COM&&' changed = [(block[0], block[1].replace(',', sentinal)) if block[0] == 'nonNested' else block for block in blocks] val_after2 = util_gridsearch.recombine_nestings( changed) arg_after = val_after2.split(sentinal) else: arg_after = val_after_.split(',') if smartcast: arg_after = list( map(util_type.smart_cast2, arg_after)) else: if type_ is None: arg_after = util_type.smart_cast2(val_after) else: arg_after = util_type.try_cast(val_after, type_) if not isinstance(type_, six.string_types) and issubclass( type_, six.string_types): if arg_after == 'None': # hack arg_after = None if was_specified: print('WARNING: argstr=%r already specified' % (argstr, )) was_specified = True break except Exception as ex: import utool as ut ut.printex(ex, 'problem in arg_val', keys=['type_']) if ut.SUPER_STRICT: raise pass if verbose: print('[get_argval] ... Parsed arg_after=%r, was_specified=%r' % (arg_after, was_specified)) if return_specified: return arg_after, was_specified else: return arg_after