def test_param_init():
"""Param init test."""
epw_path = \
os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'epw',
'SGP_Singapore.486980_IWEC.epw')
testuwg = UWG.from_param_args(10,
0.5,
0.5,
0.1,
0.1,
'1A',
epw_path=epw_path)
nightStart = 18.
nightEnd = 8.
maxdx = 250.
geoparam = Param(testuwg.h_ubl1, testuwg.h_ubl2, testuwg.h_ref,
testuwg.h_temp, testuwg.h_wind, testuwg.c_circ,
testuwg.maxday, testuwg.maxnight, testuwg.lattree,
testuwg.latgrss, testuwg.albveg, testuwg.vegstart,
testuwg.vegend, nightStart, nightEnd, testuwg.windmin,
testuwg.WGMAX, testuwg.c_exch, maxdx, testuwg.G,
testuwg.CP, testuwg.VK, testuwg.R, testuwg.RV, testuwg.LV,
3.14, testuwg.SIGMA, testuwg.WATERDENS, testuwg.LVTT,
testuwg.TT, testuwg.ESTT, testuwg.CL, testuwg.CPV,
testuwg.B, testuwg.CM, testuwg.COLBURN)
geoparam.__repr__()
def test_veg_element():
"""Test veg Element calcs"""
model = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0.5,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
nday=1,
treecover=0.125,
grasscover=0.125,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
model.vegstart = 1
model.vegend = 12
model.lattree = 0.5
model.albveg = 0.5
model.latgrss = 0.5
model.lattree = 0.5
model.albroad = 0.25
# simulate
model.generate()
model.simulate()
assert model.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
assert model.road.vegcoverage == pytest.approx(0.5, 1e-10)
assert model.UCM.vegcover == pytest.approx(model.vegcover, 1e-10)
# Summer, veg
solRec = 10
vegcoverage = 0.5
albedo = 0.25
grassFLat = 0.5
vegAlbedo = 0.5
solAbs = (1.0 - vegcoverage) * (1.0 - albedo) * solRec
solAbs += vegcoverage * (1.0 - vegAlbedo) * solRec
vegSens = vegcoverage * (1.0 - vegAlbedo) * solRec * (1.0 - grassFLat)
solref = (1.0 - vegcoverage) * (albedo) * solRec
solref += vegcoverage * (vegAlbedo) * solRec
# check sensible & net heat flux
sens = vegSens # + aeroCond * (layerTemp[0] - tempRef)
flux = -sens + solAbs # + infra - lat # [W m-2]
# print to understand interactions
# print('solrefl:', solref)
# print('% solAbs:', (0.5 * 0.75) + (0.5 * 0.75))
# print('solAbs: ', solAbs)
# print('% vegSens:', 0.5 * 0.5 * 0.5)
# print('vegSens: ', vegSens)
# print('sens: ', sens)
# print('flux: ', flux)
UCM = model.UCMData[12] # afternoon
sol = model.UCMData[12].SolRecRoad
treeSensHeat = sol * 0.5 * 0.5 * model.vegcover
assert treeSensHeat == pytest.approx(UCM.treeSensHeat, 1e-10)
def uwg(directory):
"""Generate UWg json."""
model = UWG.from_param_args(epw_path=None,
bldheight=10.0,
blddensity=0.5,
vertohor=0.5,
zone='1A',
treecover=0.1,
grasscover=0.1)
dest_file = os.path.join(directory, 'uwg.json')
with open(dest_file, 'w') as fp:
json.dump(model.to_dict(), fp, indent=4)
def test_tree_vegetation_ratio():
"""Test road vegetation fractions."""
model = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0.5,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
grasscover=0,
treecover=0,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
model.blddensity = 0.5
model.grasscover = 0.5
model.treecover = 0.1 # > grasscover
with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
model.blddensity = 0.5
model.treecover = 0.3
model.grasscover = 0.3 # > treecover
with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
model.treecover = 0.51
model.grasscover = 0.49
model.blddensity = 0.001 # > veg + grass
model.grasscover = 0.125
model.treecover = 0.125
# generate road
model.generate()
assert model.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
# test road coverage (vegcover / (1 - density))
assert model.blddensity == pytest.approx(0.5, 1e-10)
# (0.125 + 0.125)/0.5 = 0.5
assert model.road.vegcoverage == pytest.approx(0.5, 1e-10)
# 0.125/0.5 = 1/8 * 2 = 1/4
assert model.UCM.roadShad == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
def custom_uwg(directory):
"""Generate UWG json with custom reference BEMDef and SchDef objects."""
# override at 5,2 and add at 18,2
# SchDef
default_week = [[0.15] * 24] * 3
schdef1 = SchDef(elec=default_week,
gas=default_week,
light=default_week,
occ=default_week,
cool=default_week,
heat=default_week,
swh=default_week,
q_elec=18.9,
q_gas=3.2,
q_light=18.9,
n_occ=0.12,
vent=0.0013,
v_swh=0.2846,
bldtype='largeoffice',
builtera='new')
default_week = [[0.35] * 24] * 3
schdef2 = SchDef(elec=default_week,
gas=default_week,
light=default_week,
occ=default_week,
cool=default_week,
heat=default_week,
swh=default_week,
q_elec=18.9,
q_gas=3.2,
q_light=18.9,
n_occ=0.12,
vent=0.0013,
v_swh=0.2846,
bldtype='customhospital',
builtera='new')
# BEMDedf
# materials
insulation = Material(0.049, 836.8 * 265.0, 'insulation')
gypsum = Material(0.16, 830.0 * 784.9, 'gypsum')
wood = Material(0.11, 1210.0 * 544.62, 'wood')
# elements
wall = Element(0.22, 0.92, [0.01, 0.01, 0.0127],
[wood, insulation, gypsum], 0, 293, False,
'wood_frame_wall')
roof = Element(0.22, 0.92, [0.01, 0.01, 0.0127],
[wood, insulation, gypsum], 0, 293, True, 'wood_frame_roof')
mass = Element(0.2, 0.9, [0.05, 0.05], [wood, wood], 0, 293, True,
'wood_floor')
# building
bldg = Building(floor_height=3.0,
int_heat_night=1,
int_heat_day=1,
int_heat_frad=0.1,
int_heat_flat=0.1,
infil=0.171,
vent=0.00045,
glazing_ratio=0.4,
u_value=3.0,
shgc=0.3,
condtype='AIR',
cop=3,
coolcap=41,
heateff=0.8,
initial_temp=293)
bemdef1 = BEMDef(building=bldg,
mass=mass,
wall=wall,
roof=roof,
bldtype='largeoffice',
builtera='new')
bemdef2 = BEMDef(building=bldg,
mass=mass,
wall=wall,
roof=roof,
bldtype='customhospital',
builtera='new')
# vectors
ref_sch_vector = [schdef1, schdef2]
ref_bem_vector = [bemdef1, bemdef2]
bld = [
('largeoffice', 'new', 0.4), # overwrite
('hospital', 'new', 0.5),
('customhospital', 'new', 0.1)
] # extend
model = UWG.from_param_args(epw_path=None,
bldheight=10.0,
blddensity=0.5,
vertohor=0.5,
zone='1A',
treecover=0.1,
grasscover=0.1,
bld=bld,
ref_bem_vector=ref_bem_vector,
ref_sch_vector=ref_sch_vector)
dest_file = os.path.join(directory, 'custom_uwg.json')
with open(dest_file, 'w') as fp:
json.dump(model.to_dict(include_refDOE=True), fp, indent=4)
def test_init():
"""Test initialization methods."""
test_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
param_path = os.path.join(test_dir, 'parameters',
'initialize_singapore.uwg')
epw_path = os.path.join(test_dir, 'epw', 'SGP_Singapore.486980_IWEC.epw')
refBEM, refSch = UWG.load_refDOE()
refBEM[0][2][0].building.shgc = 0.9
ref_bem_vec = [refBEM[0][2][0], refBEM[2][2][0]]
ref_sch_vec = [refSch[0][2][0], refSch[2][2][0]]
# base init
UWG(epw_path)
# from param_file
UWG.from_param_file(param_path, epw_path)
# from args
UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10.0,
blddensity=0.5,
vertohor=0.5,
zone='1A',
treecover=0.1,
grasscover=0.1,
epw_path=epw_path)
model = UWG.from_param_args(10.0,
0.5,
0.5,
treecover=0.1,
grasscover=0.1,
zone='1A',
ref_bem_vector=[],
ref_sch_vector=[],
epw_path=epw_path)
model.generate()
assert model.ref_bem_vector == []
assert model.ref_sch_vector == []
UWG.from_param_args(10.0,
0.5,
0.5,
0.1,
0.1,
'1A',
ref_bem_vector=ref_bem_vec,
ref_sch_vector=ref_sch_vec,
epw_path=epw_path)
with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
UWG.from_param_args(10.0,
0.5,
0.5,
0.1,
0.1,
'1A',
ref_bem_vector=ref_bem_vec,
ref_sch_vector=ref_sch_vec[:1])
with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
UWG.from_param_args(10.0,
0.5,
0.5,
0.1,
0.1,
'1A',
ref_bem_vector=None,
ref_sch_vector=ref_sch_vec)
with pytest.raises(Exception):
# No epw_path
model = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10.0,
blddensity=0.5,
vertohor=0.5,
grasscover=0.1,
treecover=0.1,
zone='1A')
model.generate()
# from dict
data = UWG.from_param_args(10.0, 0.5, 0.5, 0.1, 0.1,
'1A').to_dict(include_refDOE=False)
UWG.from_dict(data)
model1 = UWG.from_param_args(10.0,
0.5,
0.5,
0.1,
0.1,
'1A',
ref_bem_vector=ref_bem_vec,
ref_sch_vector=ref_sch_vec)
data = model1.to_dict(include_refDOE=True)
model2 = UWG.from_dict(data, epw_path=epw_path)
model2.generate()
assert model2.ref_bem_vector[0].building.shgc == pytest.approx(0.9,
abs=1e-10)
assert model2.refBEM[0][2][0].building.shgc == pytest.approx(0.9,
abs=1e-10)
def test_grass_sens():
"""Test changing grass sens makes a difference.
This tests if changing grass sensible heat fraction on tree sensible heat,
urban sensible heat, and drybulb.
While rural grass sensible heat is accounted for in UWG, the code from
the UWG_Matlab doesn't account for grass sensible heat on the urban
road.
To verify that the UHI doesn't change with changes to the sensible heat
fraction of grass, comment out the following code to eliminate the
impact of the rural road grass, and revert treeSensHeat to original
UWG_Matlab code:
At UBLDef.ublmodel // set heatDif = max(self.sensHeat - rural.sens, 0) to 0
At RSMDef.vdm //set rural.sens to 1.0
"""
model1 = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0.0,
vertohor=0.8,
grasscover=0.1,
treecover=0.1,
zone='1A',
nday=31,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
dtsim=600,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
# 100% of open space is grass with 0.9 sensible heat
model1.vegroof = 0.0
model1.blddensity = 0.5
model1.treecover = 0.0
model1.grasscover = 0.4
model1.latgrss = 0.3
model2 = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0.0,
vertohor=0.8,
grasscover=0.1,
treecover=0.1,
zone='1A',
nday=31,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
dtsim=600,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
# 100% of open space is grass with 0.1 sensible heat
model2.vegroof = 0.0
model2.blddensity = 0.5
model2.treecover = 0.0
model2.grasscover = 0.4
model2.latgrss = 0.7
# model1 should have produce more vegetation sensible heat.
# generate & simulate
model1.generate()
model1.simulate()
model2.generate()
model2.simulate()
# confirm tree/veg coverage has more sensible veg contribution with more sens factor.
# The solar blocked by veg will be more then sensible heat fraction, so net effect
# is less heat to canopy.
qtree1 = [ucm.treeSensHeat for ucm in model1.UCMData]
qtree2 = [ucm.treeSensHeat for ucm in model2.UCMData]
mean_qtree1, mean_qtree2 = sum(qtree1) / len(qtree1), sum(qtree2) / len(
qtree2)
# print(mean_qtree1, mean_qtree2)
assert mean_qtree1 > mean_qtree2
# confirm canopy sens heat
qsens1 = [ucm.sensHeat for ucm in model1.UCMData]
qsens2 = [ucm.sensHeat for ucm in model2.UCMData]
mean_qsens1, mean_qsens2 = sum(qsens1) / len(qsens1), sum(qsens2) / len(
qsens2)
# print(mean_qsens1, mean_qsens2)
assert mean_qsens1 > mean_qsens2
# calc drybulb mean
temps1 = [ucm.canTemp - 273.15 for ucm in model1.UCMData]
temps2 = [ucm.canTemp - 273.15 for ucm in model2.UCMData]
mean_temps1, mean_temps2 = sum(temps1) / len(temps1), sum(temps2) / len(
temps2)
# print(mean_temps1, mean_temps2)
assert mean_temps1 > mean_temps2 # higher latent fraction makes cooler temps
def test_tree_drybulb():
"""Test if drybulb decreases when tree cover increases."""
# Double tree fraction, and increase veg fraction.
nday = 31
model1 = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0.5,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
nday=nday,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
latgrss=0.4,
lattree=0.6,
albveg=0.5,
treecover=0,
grasscover=0,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
model2 = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
nday=nday,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
latgrss=0.4,
lattree=0.6,
albveg=0.5,
treecover=0,
grasscover=0,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
# override model1
model1.blddensity = 0.5
model1.treecover = 0.125 # 50% tree
model1.grasscover = 0.125
# model1.vegcover = 0.25
# override model2
model2.blddensity = 0.5
model2.treecover = 0.25 # 200% tree
model2.grasscover = 0.125
# model1.vegcover = 0.375
model1.generate()
model2.generate()
# check vegcover
assert model1.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
assert model1.UCM.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
assert model2.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.375, 1e-10)
assert model2.UCM.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.375, 1e-10)
assert model1.road.vegcoverage == pytest.approx(0.5, 1e-10)
assert model2.road.vegcoverage == pytest.approx(0.75, 1e-10)
# check tree coverage
assert model1.UCM.roadShad == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
assert model2.UCM.roadShad == pytest.approx(0.5, 1e-10)
# run models for 7 days starting from Jan 1
model1.simulate()
model2.simulate()
# calc drybulb mean
temps1 = [ucm.canTemp - 273.15 for ucm in model1.UCMData]
temps2 = [ucm.canTemp - 273.15 for ucm in model2.UCMData]
mean_temps1, mean_temps2 = sum(temps1) / len(temps1), sum(temps2) / len(
temps2)
# confirm if increasing trees result in lower temps
assert mean_temps1 > mean_temps2
def test_veg_roof_sens():
"""Test veg roof calcs.
"""
model1 = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0.5,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
month=6,
nday=31,
treecover=0.0,
grasscover=0.0,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
dtsim=300,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
model1.vegroof = 0.1
model1.latgrss = 0.4
model2 = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0.5,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
month=6,
nday=31,
treecover=0.0,
grasscover=0.0,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
dtsim=300,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
model2.vegroof = 1
model2.latgrss = 0.4
# generate
model1.generate()
model2.generate()
print(model1.BEM)
# check fractions
for i in range(2):
assert model1.BEM[i].roof.vegcoverage == pytest.approx(0.1, 1e-10)
assert model2.BEM[i].roof.vegcoverage == pytest.approx(1, 1e-10)
# simulate
model1.simulate()
model2.simulate()
# Roof vegetation sensible heat is greater with more vegetation, but convection
# here mitigates that. This only works b/c latgrss is very low so that veg
# sens heat is > then convection. For checking only, no test.
# qroof1 = [ucm.Q_roof for ucm in model1.UCMData]
# qroof2 = [ucm.Q_roof for ucm in model2.UCMData]
# mean_qroof1, mean_qroof2 = sum(qroof1) / len(qroof1), sum(qroof2) / len(qroof2)
# print(mean_qroof1, mean_qroof2)
# calc drybulb mean
temps1 = [ucm.canTemp - 273.15 for ucm in model1.UCMData]
temps2 = [ucm.canTemp - 273.15 for ucm in model2.UCMData]
mean_temps1, mean_temps2 = sum(temps1) / len(temps1), sum(temps2) / len(
temps2)
# Increasing roof vegetation results in slightly lower temps, as long as
# latgrss is very low, which means sens heat is > then convection.
# print(mean_temps1, mean_temps2)
assert mean_temps1 > mean_temps2
def test_tree_sens_heat():
"""Test treeSensHeat."""
model = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
nday=3,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
latgrss=0.4,
lattree=0.6,
albveg=0.5,
treecover=0,
grasscover=0,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
# override model1
model.blddensity = 0.5
model.treecover = 0.1 # 20% tree
model.grasscover = 0.4
# model1.vegcover = 0.5
# run models for 3 days starting from Jan 1
model.generate()
model.simulate()
# check tree coverage
assert model.UCM.roadShad == pytest.approx(0.2, 1e-10)
hr = (24 * 2) + 12 # afternoon on last day
# treeSensHeat is just Solar on road, even when fraction is 0
sol = model.UCMData[hr].SolRecRoad
sens_chk = sol * 0.4 * 0.5 * 0.1 # sensFrac*alb*treeFrac = tree sens
sens_chk += sol * 0.6 * 0.5 * 0.4 # sensFrac*alb*grassFrac = grass sens
# Note that sensible heat accounts for fraction of tree/grass relative to
# entire urban area, not relative to road, since SolRecRoad doesn't account
# for road fraction (just road view factor)
assert model.UCMData[hr].treeSensHeat == pytest.approx(sens_chk, abs=1e-10)
# with zero coerage
model = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
nday=3,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
latgrss=0.4,
lattree=0.6,
albveg=0.5,
treecover=0,
grasscover=0,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
# override model1
model.blddensity = 0.5
model.treecover = 0
model.grasscover = 0 # TODO: make into grasscover
# model1.vegcover = 0
# run models for 3 days starting from Jan 1
model.generate()
model.simulate()
# check tree coverage
assert model.UCM.roadShad == pytest.approx(0.0, 1e-10)
hr = (24 * 2) + 12 # afternoon on last day
# treeSensHeat is just Solar on road, even when fraction is 0
sol = model.UCMData[hr].SolRecRoad
assert model.UCMData[hr].treeSensHeat == pytest.approx(0, abs=1e-10)
def test_tree_only_drybulb():
"""Test drybulb impact of treecover change but vegcover is constant.
Note: while counterintuitive that increasing tree coverage increases dry bulb,
this is primarily due to the tree canopy blocking long-wave radiation.
"""
# Double tree fraction, and subtract grass fraction.
model1 = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
nday=7,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
albveg=0.5,
treecover=0,
grasscover=0,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
model2 = UWG.from_param_args(bldheight=10,
blddensity=0,
vertohor=0.8,
zone='1A',
nday=7,
vegstart=1,
vegend=12,
albveg=0.5,
treecover=0,
grasscover=0,
epw_path=EPW_PATH)
# override model1
model1.blddensity = 0.5
model1.treecover = 0.125 # 50% tree
model1.grasscover = 0.125
model1.latgrss = 0.6
model1.lattree = 0.6
# model1.vegcover = 0.25
# override model2
model2.blddensity = 0.5
model2.treecover = 0.25 # 200% tree
model2.grasscover = 0.0
model2.latgrss = 0.6
model2.lattree = 0.6
# model2.vegcover = 0.25
model1.generate()
model2.generate()
# check vegcover
assert model1.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
assert model1.UCM.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
assert model2.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
assert model2.UCM.vegcover == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
assert model1.road.vegcoverage == pytest.approx(0.5, 1e-10)
assert model2.road.vegcoverage == pytest.approx(0.5, 1e-10)
# check tree coverage
assert model1.UCM.roadShad == pytest.approx(0.25, 1e-10)
assert model2.UCM.roadShad == pytest.approx(0.5, 1e-10)
# run models for 7 days starting from Jan 1
model1.simulate()
model2.simulate()
# calc drybulb mean
temps1 = [ucm.canTemp - 273.15 for ucm in model1.UCMData]
temps2 = [ucm.canTemp - 273.15 for ucm in model2.UCMData]
mean_temps1, mean_temps2 = sum(temps1) / len(temps1), sum(temps2) / len(
temps2)
# increasing trees result in higher temps due to long-wave radiation
# print(mean_temps1, mean_temps2)
assert mean_temps1 < mean_temps2