def sand(self):
self.top = cone(pos=(0, self.time * 1.1, 0), axis=(0, -1, 0), color=(1, 1, 0))
self.bottom = cone(pos=(0, -self.time * 1.1, 0), axis=(0, 1, 0), color=(0.5, 0.5, 0))
self.falling = cylinder(
pos=(0, self.time * 0.125, 0), axis=(0, -1, 0), color=(0.5, 0.5, 0), radius=self.time * 0.035
)
self.countdown = sphere(pos=(0, self.time * 1.5, 0), radius=0)
def animate_motion(x, k):
# Animate using Visual-Python
CO = zeros((n, 3))
B2 = zeros((n, 3))
C1 = zeros((n, 3))
C3 = zeros((n, 3))
CN = zeros((n, 3))
for i, state in enumerate(x[:,:5]):
CO[i], B2[i], C1[i], C3[i] = rd.anim(state, r)
# Make the out of plane axis shorter since this is what control the height
# of the cone
B2[i] *= 0.001
C1[i] *= r
C3[i] *= r
CN[i, 0] = state[3]
CN[i, 1] = state[4]
from visual import display, rate, arrow, curve, cone, box
black = (0,0,0)
red = (1, 0, 0)
green = (0, 1, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 1)
white = (1, 1, 1)
NO = (0,0,0)
scene = display(title='Rolling disc @ %0.2f realtime'%k, width=800,
height=800, up=(0,0,-1), uniform=1, background=white, forward=(1,0,0))
# Inertial reference frame arrows
N = [arrow(pos=NO,axis=(.001,0,0),color=red),
arrow(pos=NO,axis=(0,.001,0),color=green),
arrow(pos=NO,axis=(0,0,.001),color=blue)]
# Two cones are used to look like a thin disc
body1 = cone(pos=CO[0], axis=B2[0], radius=r, color=blue)
body2 = cone(pos=CO[0], axis=-B2[0], radius=r, color=blue)
# Body fixed coordinates in plane of disc, can't really be seen through cones
c1 = arrow(pos=CO[0],axis=C1[0],length=r,color=red)
c3 = arrow(pos=CO[0],axis=C3[0],length=r,color=green)
trail = curve()
trail.append(pos=CN[0], color=black)
i = 1
while i<n:
rate(k/ts)
body1.pos = CO[i]
body1.axis = B2[i]
body2.pos = CO[i]
body2.axis = -B2[i]
c1.pos = body1.pos
c3.pos = body1.pos
c1.axis = C1[i]
c3.axis = C3[i]
c1.up = C3[i]
c3.up = C1[i]
trail.append(pos=CN[i])
i += 1
def sand(self):
self.top = cone(pos=(0, self.time * 1.1, 0),
axis=(0, -1, 0),
color=(1, 1, 0))
self.bottom = cone(pos=(0, -self.time * 1.1, 0),
axis=(0, 1, 0),
color=(.5, .5, 0))
self.falling = cylinder(pos=(0, self.time * 0.125, 0),
axis=(0, -1, 0),
color=(.5, .5, 0),
radius=self.time * 0.035)
self.countdown = sphere(pos=(0, self.time * 1.5, 0), radius=0)
def __init__(self, w):
"""Store walker being displayed.
Set up stanceLeg and swingLeg to be cylinders.
stanceLeg extends from stance foot position to body position.
swingLeg extends from body position to swing foot position."""
self.w = w # the walker being displayed
d = 0.06 # thickness of legs
self.stanceLeg = V.cone(pos=w.GetBodyPos(), radius = d,
color = V.color.red,
axis = -w.GetBodyPos()+w.GetStanceFootPos())
self.swingLeg = V.cone(pos=w.GetBodyPos(), radius = d,
color = V.color.orange,
axis = w.GetSwingFootPos()-w.GetBodyPos())
def draw_at(self, P, step):
"""Draw the field vector at the given point."""
B = self[P]
if self.avg_mag == 0:
val = 0
else:
#get value in between smallest and largest
val = 1-((B.mag-self.smallest_mag)\
/(self.largest_mag-self.smallest_mag))
#set size of pointers, radius = step/rad
rad = 15
cone(pos = P, axis = B.norm(), radius=step/rad, length=step,
display = self.scene, color = interpolate(self.color, val),
opacity = val)
def __init__(self, w):
"""Store walker being displayed.
Set up stanceLeg and swingLeg to be cylinders.
stanceLeg extends from stance foot position to body position.
swingLeg extends from body position to swing foot position."""
self.w = w # the walker being displayed
d = 0.06 # thickness of legs
self.stanceLeg = V.cone(pos=w.GetBodyPos(),
radius=d,
color=V.color.red,
axis=-w.GetBodyPos() + w.GetStanceFootPos())
self.swingLeg = V.cone(pos=w.GetBodyPos(),
radius=d,
color=V.color.orange,
axis=w.GetSwingFootPos() - w.GetBodyPos())
def my_arrow(pos, axis, proportion=True, shaftwidth=0.1, headwidth=2, headlength=3, color=[1.0, 1.0, 1.0]): px, py, pz = pos x, y, z = axis sw = shaftwidth length = math.sqrt(x*x + y*y + z*z) if proportion: sw *= length hl = sw*headlength/length l = 1.0 - hl lx = l*x; ly = l*y; lz = l*z cylinder_axis = [lx, ly, lz] cone_pos = [px+lx, py+ly, pz+lz] cone_axis = [hl*x, hl*y, hl*z] cone_radius = sw*headwidth visual.cylinder(pos=pos, axis=cylinder_axis, radius=sw, color=color) visual.cone(pos=cone_pos, axis=cone_axis, radius=cone_radius, color=color)
def my_arrow(pos, axis, proportion=True, shaftwidth=0.1, headwidth=2, headlength=3, color=[1.0, 1.0, 1.0]):
px, py, pz = pos
x, y, z = axis
sw = shaftwidth
length = math.sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z)
if proportion:
sw *= length
hl = sw * headlength / length
l = 1.0 - hl
lx = l * x
ly = l * y
lz = l * z
cylinder_axis = [lx, ly, lz]
cone_pos = [px + lx, py + ly, pz + lz]
cone_axis = [hl * x, hl * y, hl * z]
cone_radius = sw * headwidth
visual.cylinder(pos=pos, axis=cylinder_axis, radius=sw, color=color)
visual.cone(pos=cone_pos, axis=cone_axis, radius=cone_radius, color=color)
def draw_at(self, P, step):
"""Draw the field vector at the given point."""
B = self[P]
if self.avg_mag == 0:
val = 0
else:
#get value in between smallest and largest
val = 1-((B.mag-self.smallest_mag)\
/(self.largest_mag-self.smallest_mag))
#set size of pointers, radius = step/rad
rad = 15
cone(pos=P,
axis=B.norm(),
radius=step / rad,
length=step,
display=self.scene,
color=interpolate(self.color, val),
opacity=val)
def setup_body(self):
frame = visual.frame()
self.parts = Bunch()
self.parts.body = visual.cone(
color=visual.color.white, length=.8, radius=.2,
pos=(-.4, 0, 0), frame=frame)
self.parts.l_ear = visual.cone(
color=visual.color.white, length=.1, radius=.02,
pos=(.05, .04, .06), axis=self.zaxis, frame=frame)
self.parts.r_ear = visual.cone(
color=visual.color.white, length=.1, radius=.02,
pos=(.05, -.04, .06), axis=self.zaxis, frame=frame)
self.parts.l_eye = visual.sphere(
color=visual.color.red, radius=.03,
pos=(.1, .04, .06), frame=frame)
self.parts.r_eye = visual.sphere(
color=visual.color.red, radius=.03,
pos=(.1, -.04, .06), frame=frame)
self.rat = frame
def show(self):
"""
Create and show the blob
"""
c = (1, 0, 0) if self.color == 1 else (
1, 0.5,
0) #change colors here: (1, 0, 0) for red, (1, 0.5, 0) for gold
if self.shape == 1:
blob = sphere(pos=(self.x, self.y, 0.0),
radius=object_side / 2,
color=c)
else:
blob = cone(pos=(self.x, self.y, -object_side / 2),
axis=(0, 0, object_side),
radius=object_side / 2,
color=c)
blob.visible = True
self.b = blob
self.visible = True
velocity += h*Acc_A1(t)
height += h*velocity
temp = Temp(height)
g = Grav(height)
press = Press(temp,g)
air_resis = Air_Resistance(press, temp)
else: # if t is greater than 100s, the fuel is used up; velocity does not change.
height_points.append(height)
velocity_sync = velocity + 0.5*h*Acc_A2(t) # velocity is half-step off, so to plot the correct velocity for the correct times we need to append the synced velocity
velocity_points.append(velocity_sync)
velocity += h*Acc_A2(t)
height += h*velocity
temp = Temp(height)
g = Grav(height)
press = Press(temp,g)
air_resis = Air_Resistance(press, temp)
#----------------------------- Part 4: VPython -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Create an animation for the launched rocket reaching the ISS
scene1 = vis.display (title = 'Animation of Launched Rocket to the ISS: Max Payload')
# create three objects: Earth, the International Space Station, and the rocket.
Earth = vis.sphere(pos=[0.0, -250.0, 0.0], radius = 50.0, color=vis.color.green)
ISS = vis.sphere(pos = [0.0, 160.0, 0.0], radius = 5.0, color=vis.color.magenta)
rocket = vis.cone(pos=[0.0, -200.0, 0.0], axis = (0.0, 10.0, 0.0), radius = 2.0, color=vis.color.cyan)
# define the rate of the animation and the height of the rocket using the data from the previous parts (heigh_points)
for item in height_points:
vis.rate (500)
rocket.pos.y = (item/1000.0) - 200.0
def __init__(self,spos,sColor, fr):
self.base = vis.cone(frame=fr, pos=spos,radius=0.4,axis=(0,1,0),color=sColor)
def __init__(self,spos,sColor, fr):
self.base = vis.frame(pos=spos, frame=fr)
vis.cylinder(frame=self.base,pos=(0,0,0),radius=0.2,length=0.8,axis=(0,1,0),color=sColor)
vis.cone(frame=self.base,pos=(0,0.8,0),radius=0.2,axis=(0,1,0),color=sColor)
def __init__(self,spos,sColor, fr):
self.base = vis.frame(frame = fr, sepos=spos)
vis.box(frame=self.base,pos=(0,0.4,0),width=0.4,length=0.8,height=0.4,axis=(0,1,0),color=sColor)
vis.cone(frame=self.base,pos=(0,0.6,0),radius=0.2,axis=(0,1,0),color=sColor)
# # See the exercise "Pendulum.pdf" from Pendulum.html # in http://www.physics.cornell.edu/sethna/StatMech/ComputerExercises/ # """Simple example animating the motion of a pendulum.""" # The "visual" module can create 3D objects (such as spheres, curves, etc.) # and animate their motions in space. # See www.vpython.org import visual # kludge required to get visual window up and running before import scipy/numpy scene2 = visual.display() c = visual.cone(radius=1.0e-10) c.visible = 0 # numpy allows us to use "array", "sin", "cos" etc. # numpy is also imported in "visual" from numpy import * # Physical properties and initial conditions for pendulum g = 9.8 L = 1.0 # physical length of bar d = 0.02 # thickness of bar: needed for graphics theta = 2. * pi / 3. # initial upper angle (from vertical) thetaDot = 0. # start pendulum at rest # Set up graphics display visual.scene.title = 'Pendulum' visual.scene.height = visual.scene.width = 800
################################
#########################################
# Import the library(s)
#########################################
# Windows
#import pylab
#pylab.plot([1,2],[3,4])
#pylab.show()
#import visual as vi
#import numpy
# Linux
import visual as vi
# kludge required to get visual window up and running before import scipy/numpy
c = vi.cone(radius=1.0e-10)
c.visible = 0
import numpy
import pylab
import RandomArray
#import psyco
#psyco.full()
#########################################
# ListOfAtoms
#########################################
class ListOfAtoms:
#
def __init__(self, *a):
super().__init__(*a)
self.cone = v.cone(pos=self.pos, axis=(self.get_end(10)-self.pos))
self.trail = v.points(pos=[(0, 0, 0)])
print 'Using default v0 =', v0, 'm/s.'
# Build 3d world
# Define the line of sight
sight = V.vector(cos(theta), sin(theta), 0)
# The floor is just a thin box
floor = V.box(pos=(D / 2., 0, 0),
length=D,
height=0.5,
width=D,
color=V.color.blue)
# Use a cone for our 'arrow'
arrow = V.cone(pos=(0, 0, 0), radius=0.9, axis=sight, color=V.color.red)
arrow.velocity = v0 * sight
# The target is a sphere
target = V.sphere(pos=(D, H, 0), radius=1, color=V.color.yellow)
target.velocity = V.vector(0, 0, 0)
# The 'dart gun' is just a cylinder.
gun = V.cylinder(pos=(0, 0, 0),
axis=gun_len * sight,
radius=1,
color=V.color.green)
# Run simulation
print 'Starting simulation...'
def show(self, window):
self.object = visual.cone(pos = tuple(self.point2),
axis = tuple(self.point1-self.point2),
radius = self.radius)
# See the exercise "Walker.pdf" from Walker.html
# in http://www.physics.cornell.edu/~myers/teaching/ComputationalMethods/ComputerExercises/
#
import visual as V
V.scene.title = 'Walker'
V.scene.height = V.scene.width = 600
# Follow walker as it moves forward
V.scene.autocenter = 1
# Scale set automatically by system, but don't keep rescaling as walker moves
V.scene.autoscale = 1
# Slow down walker to reasonable speed
framesPerSecond = 120
# kludge required to get visual window up and running before import scipy/numpy
c = V.cone(radius=1.0e-10)
c.visible = 0
import Walker as W
reload(W) # for ipython to reload properly after changes in Walker
import scipy
# Walker Display
class WalkerDisplay:
"""Defines VPython cylinders for stanceLeg, swingLeg."""
def __init__(self, w):
"""Store walker being displayed.
Set up stanceLeg and swingLeg to be cylinders.
stanceLeg extends from stance foot position to body position.
swingLeg extends from body position to swing foot position."""
def show(self, window):
self.object = visual.cone(pos = tuple(self.point2),
axis = tuple(self.point1-self.point2),
radius = self.radius)
height_points.append(height)
velocity_sync = velocity + 0.5*h*Acc_A2(t) # velocity is half-step off, so to plot the correct velocity for the correct times we need to append the synced velocity
velocity_points.append(velocity_sync)
velocity += h*Acc_A2(t)
height += h*velocity
temp = Temp(height)
g = Grav(height)
press = Press(temp,g)
air_resis = Air_Resistance(press, temp)
print np.max(height_points)
'''
#----------------------------- Part 4: VPython -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Create an animation for the launched rocket reaching the ISS
scene1 = vis.display (title = 'Animation of Launched Rocket to the ISS (payload = 0)')
# create three objects: Earth, the International Space Station, and the rocket.
Earth = vis.sphere(pos=[0,-250,0], radius = 50, color=vis.color.green)
ISS = vis.sphere(pos = [0, 160, 0], radius = 5, color=vis.color.magenta)
rocket = vis.cone(pos=[0, -200, 0], axis = (0, 10, 0), radius = 2, color=vis.color.cyan)
# define the rate of the animation and the height of the rocket using the data from the previous parts (heigh_points)
for item in height_points:
vis.rate (500)
rocket.pos.y = (item/1000) - 200
if rocket.pos.y >= 160:
break
try:
v0 = float(sys.argv[1])
except:
v0 = v0_default
print 'Using default v0 =',v0,'m/s.'
# Build 3d world
# Define the line of sight
sight = V.vector(cos(theta),sin(theta),0)
# The floor is just a thin box
floor = V.box(pos=(D/2.,0,0), length=D, height=0.5, width=D, color=V.color.blue)
# Use a cone for our 'arrow'
arrow = V.cone(pos=(0,0,0), radius=0.9, axis=sight,color=V.color.red)
arrow.velocity = v0*sight
# The target is a sphere
target = V.sphere(pos=(D,H,0), radius=1, color=V.color.yellow)
target.velocity = V.vector(0,0,0)
# The 'dart gun' is just a cylinder.
gun = V.cylinder(pos=(0,0,0), axis=gun_len*sight, radius=1,
color = V.color.green)
# Run simulation
print 'Starting simulation...'
# Put a little delay to give all the OpenGL stuff time to initialize nicely.
# # See the exercise "Pendulum.pdf" from Pendulum.html # in http://www.physics.cornell.edu/~myers/teaching/ComputationalMethods/ComputerExercises/ # """Simple example animating the motion of a pendulum.""" # The "visual" module can create 3D objects (such as spheres, curves, etc.) # and animate their motions in space. # See www.vpython.org import visual # kludge required to get visual window up and running before import scipy scene2 = visual.display() c = visual.cone(radius=1.0e-10) c.visible = 0 # scipy allows us to use "array", "sin", "cos" etc. # scipy is also imported in "visual" from scipy import * # Physical properties and initial conditions for pendulum g = 9.8 L = 1.0 # physical length of bar d = 0.02 # thickness of bar: needed for graphics theta = 1.*pi/6. # initial upper angle (from vertical) thetaDot = 0. # start pendulum at rest # Set up graphics display visual.scene.title = 'Pendulum' visual.scene.height = visual.scene.width = 800
def game():
global player
global target
global missile
global planets
global barriers
global scene
global arrow
global win
global wintext
ConfigureLevel()
### Player planet
player = visual.sphere( pos = player_position,
radius = player_radius,
mass = player_mass,
color = visual.color.green )
target = visual.sphere( pos = target_position,
radius = target_radius,
mass = target_mass,
color = visual.color.red )
planets = [ visual.sphere(**planet ) for planet in planets_properties ]
barriers = [ visual.curve (**barrier) for barrier in barriers_properties]
scene.center = tuple(ComputeCenter( player, target, *(planets + barriers) ) )
scene.range = ComputeRange( player, target, *(planets + barriers) )
arrow = visual.arrow( pos = player_position,
axis = (target.pos-player.pos).norm() * player_radius * 10,
shaftwidth = player_radius * 0.5,
headwidth = player_radius,
headlength = player_radius,
color = visual.color.cyan)
scene.bind('mousemove',ChangeArrow)
click = scene.waitfor('click')
missile_direction = click.pos - player.pos
missile = visual.cone( pos = missile_position(target),
axis = missile_direction.norm() * missile_length,
radius = missile_radius,
mass = missile_mass,
p = missile_direction * missile_momentum,
color = visual.color.yellow,
make_trail = True)
scene.unbind('mousemove',ChangeArrow)
arrow.visible = False
del arrow
while not Game_over():
visual.rate(100)
missile.p += ComputeForce( player, target, *planets ) * time_step
missile.pos += missile.p * time_step
missile.axis = missile.p.norm() * missile_length
if win:
wintext = visual.text( text='You win', pos = scene.center + visual.vector(0,0,1e8), height = 1e7, align='center', font = 'Times', color=visual.color.green)
# wintext.up = True
break
# See the exercise "Walker.pdf" from Walker.html
# in http://www.physics.cornell.edu/sethna/StatMech/ComputerExercises/
#
import visual as V
V.scene.title = 'Walker'
V.scene.height = V.scene.width = 600
# Follow walker as it moves forward
V.scene.autocenter = 1
# Scale set automatically by system, but don't keep rescaling as walker moves
V.scene.autoscale = 1
# Slow down walker to reasonable speed
framesPerSecond = 120
# kludge required to get visual window up and running before import scipy/numpy
c = V.cone(radius=1.0e-10)
c.visible = 0
import Walker as W
reload(W) # for ipython to reload properly after changes in Walker
import scipy
# Walker Display
class WalkerDisplay:
"""Defines VPython cylinders for stanceLeg, swingLeg."""
def __init__(self, w):
"""Store walker being displayed.
Set up stanceLeg and swingLeg to be cylinders.
stanceLeg extends from stance foot position to body position.
def __init__(self, *a):
super().__init__(*a)
self.cone = v.cone(pos=self.origin, axis=(self.end-self.origin),
radius=self.thickness, color=(0.6,0.4,0))
def animate_motion(x, k):
# Animate using Visual-Python
CO = zeros((n, 3))
B2 = zeros((n, 3))
C1 = zeros((n, 3))
C3 = zeros((n, 3))
CN = zeros((n, 3))
for i, state in enumerate(x[:, :5]):
CO[i], B2[i], C1[i], C3[i] = rd.anim(state, r)
# Make the out of plane axis shorter since this is what control the height
# of the cone
B2[i] *= 0.001
C1[i] *= r
C3[i] *= r
CN[i, 0] = state[3]
CN[i, 1] = state[4]
from visual import display, rate, arrow, curve, cone, box
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (1, 0, 0)
green = (0, 1, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 1)
white = (1, 1, 1)
NO = (0, 0, 0)
scene = display(title='Rolling disc @ %0.2f realtime' % k,
width=800,
height=800,
up=(0, 0, -1),
uniform=1,
background=white,
forward=(1, 0, 0))
# Inertial reference frame arrows
N = [
arrow(pos=NO, axis=(.001, 0, 0), color=red),
arrow(pos=NO, axis=(0, .001, 0), color=green),
arrow(pos=NO, axis=(0, 0, .001), color=blue)
]
# Two cones are used to look like a thin disc
body1 = cone(pos=CO[0], axis=B2[0], radius=r, color=blue)
body2 = cone(pos=CO[0], axis=-B2[0], radius=r, color=blue)
# Body fixed coordinates in plane of disc, can't really be seen through cones
c1 = arrow(pos=CO[0], axis=C1[0], length=r, color=red)
c3 = arrow(pos=CO[0], axis=C3[0], length=r, color=green)
trail = curve()
trail.append(pos=CN[0], color=black)
i = 1
while i < n:
rate(k / ts)
body1.pos = CO[i]
body1.axis = B2[i]
body2.pos = CO[i]
body2.axis = -B2[i]
c1.pos = body1.pos
c3.pos = body1.pos
c1.axis = C1[i]
c3.axis = C3[i]
c1.up = C3[i]
c3.up = C1[i]
trail.append(pos=CN[i])
i += 1