def getSphere(ndiv=3, radius=1.0):
# Example taken from the Red book, end of chaper 2.
# Define constants
X = 0.525731112119133606
Z = 0.850650808352039932
# Creta vdata
vdata = Pointset(3)
app = vdata.append
app(-X, 0.0, Z); app(X, 0.0, Z); app(-X, 0.0, -Z); app(X, 0.0, -Z)
app(0.0, Z, X); app(0.0, Z, -X); app(0.0, -Z, X); app(0.0, -Z, -X)
app(Z, X, 0.0); app(-Z, X, 0.0); app(Z, -X, 0.0); app(-Z, -X, 0.0)
# Create faces
tindices = [
[0,4,1], [0,9,4], [9,5,4], [4,5,8], [4,8,1],
[8,10,1], [8,3,10], [5,3,8], [5,2,3], [2,7,3],
[7,10,3], [7,6,10], [7,11,6], [11,0,6], [0,1,6],
[6,1,10], [9,0,11], [9,11,2], [9,2,5], [7,2,11] ]
tindices = np.array(tindices, dtype=np.uint32)
# Init vertex array
vertices = Pointset(3)
# Define function to recursively create vertices and normals
def drawtri(a, b, c, div):
if (div<=0):
vertices.append(a)
vertices.append(b)
vertices.append(c)
else:
ab = Point(0,0,0)
ac = Point(0,0,0)
bc = Point(0,0,0)
for i in range(3):
ab[i]=(a[i]+b[i])/2.0;
ac[i]=(a[i]+c[i])/2.0;
bc[i]=(b[i]+c[i])/2.0;
ab = ab.normalize(); ac = ac.normalize(); bc = bc.normalize()
drawtri(a, ab, ac, div-1)
drawtri(b, bc, ab, div-1)
drawtri(c, ac, bc, div-1)
drawtri(ab, bc, ac, div-1)
# Create vertices
for i in range(20):
drawtri( vdata[int(tindices[i][0])],
vdata[int(tindices[i][1])],
vdata[int(tindices[i][2])],
ndiv )
# Create normals and scale vertices
normals = vertices.copy()
vertices *= radius
# Done
return vertices, normals
def partition(tex_coord1, ver_coord1):
tex_coord2, ver_coord2 = Pointset(3), Pointset(3)
for iQuad in range(len(tex_coord1)/4):
io = iQuad * 4
for i1 in range(4):
for i2 in range(4):
i3 = (i1 + i2)%4
tex_coord2.append( 0.5*(tex_coord1[io+i1] + tex_coord1[io+i3]) )
ver_coord2.append( 0.5*(ver_coord1[io+i1] + ver_coord1[io+i3]) )
#print('partition from %i to %i vertices' % (len(tex_coord1), len(tex_coord2)))
return tex_coord2, ver_coord2
def partition(tex_coord1, ver_coord1):
tex_coord2, ver_coord2 = Pointset(3), Pointset(3)
for iQuad in range(len(tex_coord1) / 4):
io = iQuad * 4
for i1 in range(4):
for i2 in range(4):
i3 = (i1 + i2) % 4
tex_coord2.append(
0.5 * (tex_coord1[io + i1] + tex_coord1[io + i3]))
ver_coord2.append(
0.5 * (ver_coord1[io + i1] + ver_coord1[io + i3]))
#print('partition from %i to %i vertices' % (len(tex_coord1), len(tex_coord2)))
return tex_coord2, ver_coord2
def ginput(N=0, axes=None, ms='+', **kwargs):
""" ginput(N=0, axes=None, ms='+', **kwargs)
Graphical input: select N number of points with the mouse.
Returns a 2D pointset.
Parameters
----------
N : int
The maximum number of points to capture. If N=0, will keep capturing
until the user stops it. The capturing always stops when enter is
pressed or the mouse is double clicked. In the latter case a final
point is added.
axes : Axes instance
The axes to capture the points in, or the current axes if not given.
ms : markerStyle
The marker style to use for the points. See plot.
Any other keyword arguments are passed to plot to show the selected
points and the lines between them.
"""
# Get axes
if not axes:
axes = vv.gca()
# Get figure
fig = axes.GetFigure()
if not fig:
return
# Init pointset, helper, and line object
line = vv.plot(Pointset(2), axes=axes, ms=ms, **kwargs)
pp = line._points
ginputHelper.Start(axes, pp, N)
# Enter a loop
while ginputHelper.axes:
fig._ProcessGuiEvents()
time.sleep(0.1)
# Remove line object and return points
pp = Pointset(pp[:, :2])
line.Destroy()
return pp
def __init__(self, parent):
Box.__init__(self, parent)
# Set color
self.bgcolor = 'w'
# How soon the mouse snaps to a node
self._snapWidth = 5
# The currently selected node (or None if nothing is selected)
self._selectedNode = None
# The nodes and lines of R,G,B and A
self._allNodes = [Pointset(2) for i in range(4)]
self._allLines = [Pointset(2) for i in range(4)]
# Init nodes
for nodes in self._allNodes:
nodes.append(0,1)
nodes.append(1,0)
self._allNodes[3][0,1] = 0 # alpha is completele ones by default
# Init lines
for line in self._allLines:
for i in np.linspace(0,1,256):
line.append(i,1) # the actual map will be 1-line
# Make lines correct now
for nodes, line in zip(self._allNodes, self._allLines):
self._NodesToLine(nodes, line)
# The node and line currently in control
self._nodes = self._allNodes[3]
self._line = self._allLines[3]
# Bind events
self.eventMotion.Bind(self._OnMotion)
self.eventMouseUp.Bind(self._OnUp)
self.eventMouseDown.Bind(self._OnDown)
self.eventDoubleClick.Bind(self._OnDoubleClick)
self.hitTest = True # enable firing events
def getCircle(angles_cos, angles_sin, a, b):
""" getCircle(angles_cos, angles_sin, a, b) -> circle_cords
Creates a circle of points around the origin,
the circle is spanned by the vectors a and b.
"""
X = np.empty((len(angles_cos), 3), dtype=np.float32)
X[:, 0] = angles_cos * a.x + angles_sin * b.x
X[:, 1] = angles_cos * a.y + angles_sin * b.y
X[:, 2] = angles_cos * a.z + angles_sin * b.z
return Pointset(X)
def _NodesToLine(self, nodes, line, update=False):
""" Convert nodes to a full 256 element line.
"""
# sort nodes
nn = [n for n in nodes]
nn.sort(key=lambda n:n.x)
nodes = Pointset(2)
for n in nn:
nodes.append(n)
# interpolate
xx = np.linspace(0,1,256)
if nodes:
yy = np.interp(xx, nodes[:,0], nodes[:,1])
if np.isnan(yy[-1]): # happens when last two nodes on same pos
yy[-1] = yy[-2]
line[:,1] = yy
else:
line[:,1] = np.zeros((256,),dtype=np.float32) # no nodes
if update:
# Create colormap
map = {}
for i in range(4):
nn = self._allNodes[i]
tmp = []
for ii in range(len(nn)):
tmp.append((nn[ii,0], 1-nn[ii,1]))
if tmp:
key = 'rgba'[i]
map[key] = sorted(tmp, key=lambda x:x[0])
# Apply colormap to all registered objects
if self.parent:
for ob in self.parent.GetMapables():
ob._SetColormap(map)
ob.Draw()
def _AddLineAndLabel(self, text, yspacing=1.0, twoPoints=True):
""" Add a line and label to our pool. """
# get y position
index = len(self._wobjects)
y = self._yoffset + yspacing * (index)
# create label
label = Label(self, text)
label.bgcolor = ''
label.position = self._xoffset * 2 + twoPoints * self._linelen, y
label._Compile()
label._PositionText()
#y2 = label.position.h / 2
y2 = (label._deltay[1] - label._deltay[0]) / 2
# create 2-element pointset
pp = Pointset(2)
pp.append(self._xoffset, y + y2)
if twoPoints:
pp.append(self._xoffset + self._linelen, y + y2)
# create line
line = Line(self, pp) # line has no parent
# return
return line, label
# Get axes
if axes is None:
axes = vv.gca()
# Create mesh object
m = vv.Mesh(axes, baseMesh)
# Adjust axes
if axesAdjust:
if axes.daspectAuto is None:
axes.daspectAuto = False
axes.cameraType = '3d'
axes.SetLimits()
# Return
axes.Draw()
return m
if __name__ == '__main__':
pp = Pointset(3)
pp.append(0, 1, 0)
pp.append(3, 2, 1)
pp.append(4, 5, 2)
pp.append(2, 3, 1)
pp.append(0, 4, 0)
# pp.append(0,1,0)
vv.figure()
m = solidLine(pp, [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.03, 0.2], 8)
It also shows the different techniques to apply color to the meshes using plain color, colormaps and texture. On the website, this example also demonstrates the fly camera to fly through the mesh objects. """ import numpy as np import visvis as vv from visvis.pypoints import Point, Pointset vv.figure() a = vv.gca() # Define points for the line pp = Pointset(3) pp.append(0, 0, 0) pp.append(0, 1, 0) pp.append(1, 2, 0) pp.append(0, 2, 1) # Create all solids box = vv.solidBox((0, 0, 0)) sphere = vv.solidSphere((3, 0, 0)) cone = vv.solidCone((6, 0, 0)) pyramid = vv.solidCone((9, 0, 0), N=4) # a cone with 4 faces is a pyramid cylinder = vv.solidCylinder((0, 3, 0), (1, 1, 2)) ring = vv.solidRing((3, 3, 0)) teapot = vv.solidTeapot((6, 3, 0)) line = vv.solidLine(pp + Point(9, 3, 0), radius=0.2)
def OnDraw(self):
# Get colormaps that apply
par = self.parent
if par is None:
return
elif isinstance(par, (BaseFigure, Axes)):
mapables = par.FindObjects(Colormapable)
elif isinstance(par, ColormapEditor):
mapables = par.GetMapables()
elif isinstance(par, ClimEditor):
mapables = par.GetMapables()
else:
mapables = []
# Get the last one
mapable = None
if mapables:
mapable = mapables[-1]
# get dimensions
w,h = self.position.size
# Calc map direction
if w > h:
texCords = [0,0,1,1]
else:
texCords = [1,0,0,1]
# draw plane
if mapable:
# Use it's colormap texture
mapable._EnableColormap()
# Disable alpha channel (by not blending)
gl.glDisable(gl.GL_BLEND)
gl.glColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
# Draw quads
gl.glBegin(gl.GL_QUADS)
gl.glTexCoord1f(texCords[0]); gl.glVertex2f(0,0)
gl.glTexCoord1f(texCords[1]); gl.glVertex2f(0,h)
gl.glTexCoord1f(texCords[2]); gl.glVertex2f(w,h)
gl.glTexCoord1f(texCords[3]); gl.glVertex2f(w,0)
gl.glEnd()
# Clean up
gl.glEnable(gl.GL_BLEND)
gl.glFlush()
mapable._DisableColormap()
# prepare
gl.glDisable(gl.GL_LINE_SMOOTH)
# draw edges
if self.edgeWidth and self.edgeColor:
clr = self.edgeColor
gl.glColor(clr[0], clr[1], clr[2], 1.0)
gl.glLineWidth(self.edgeWidth)
#
gl.glBegin(gl.GL_LINE_LOOP)
gl.glVertex2f(0,0)
gl.glVertex2f(0,h)
gl.glVertex2f(w,h)
gl.glVertex2f(w,0)
gl.glEnd()
if hasattr(mapable, 'clim'):
# Draw ticks
if w>h:
p0 = Point(0, h)
p1 = Point(w, h)
delta = Point(0,3)
halign, valign = 0, 0
xoffset, yoffset = -8, -2
else:
p0 = Point(w, h)
p1 = Point(w, 0)
delta = Point(3,0)
halign, valign = -1, 0
xoffset, yoffset = 5, -8
# Get tickmarks
ticks, ticksPos, ticksText = GetTicks(p0, p1, mapable.clim)
newLabelPool = {}
linePieces = Pointset(2)
for tick, pos, text in zip(ticks, ticksPos, ticksText):
pos2 = pos + delta
# Add line piece
linePieces.append(pos); linePieces.append(pos2)
# Create or reuse label
if tick in self._labelPool:
label = self._labelPool.pop(tick)
else:
label = Label(self, ' '+text+' ')
label.bgcolor = ''
# Position label and set text alignment
newLabelPool[tick] = label
label.halign, label.valign = halign, valign
label.position.x = pos2.x + xoffset
label.position.w = 16
label.position.y = pos2.y + yoffset
# Clean up label pool
for label in self._labelPool.values():
label.Destroy()
self._labelPool = newLabelPool
# Draw line pieces
# prepare
gl.glLineWidth(1)
gl.glEnableClientState(gl.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
gl.glVertexPointerf(linePieces.data)
gl.glDrawArrays(gl.GL_LINES, 0, len(linePieces))
gl.glDisableClientState(gl.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
# clean up
gl.glEnable(gl.GL_LINE_SMOOTH)
def solidBox(translation=None, scaling=None, direction=None, rotation=None,
axesAdjust=True, axes=None):
""" solidBox(translation=None, scaling=None, direction=None, rotation=None,
axesAdjust=True, axes=None)
Creates a solid cube (or box if you scale it) centered at the
origin. Returns an OrientableMesh.
Parameters
----------
Note that translation, scaling, and direction can also be given
using a Point instance.
translation : (dx, dy, dz), optional
The translation in world units of the created world object.
scaling: (sx, sy, sz), optional
The scaling in world units of the created world object.
direction: (nx, ny, nz), optional
Normal vector that indicates the direction of the created world object.
rotation: scalar, optional
The anle (in degrees) to rotate the created world object around its
direction vector.
axesAdjust : bool
If True, this function will call axes.SetLimits(), and set
the camera type to 3D. If daspectAuto has not been set yet,
it is set to False.
axes : Axes instance
Display the bars in the given axes, or the current axes if not given.
"""
# Create vertices of a cube
pp = Pointset(3)
# Bottom
pp.append(-0.5,-0.5,-0.5)
pp.append(+0.5,-0.5,-0.5)
pp.append(+0.5,+0.5,-0.5)
pp.append(-0.5,+0.5,-0.5)
# Top
pp.append(-0.5,-0.5,+0.5)
pp.append(-0.5,+0.5,+0.5)
pp.append(+0.5,+0.5,+0.5)
pp.append(+0.5,-0.5,+0.5)
# Init vertices and normals
vertices = Pointset(3)
normals = Pointset(3)
# Create vertices
for i in [3,2,1,0]: # Top
vertices.append(pp[i]); normals.append(0,0,-1)
for i in [7,6,5,4]: # Bottom
vertices.append(pp[i]); normals.append(0,0,+1)
for i in [5,6,2,3]: # Front
vertices.append(pp[i]); normals.append(0,+1,0)
for i in [1,7,4,0]: # Back
vertices.append(pp[i]); normals.append(0,-1,0)
for i in [4,5,3,0]: # Left
vertices.append(pp[i]); normals.append(-1,0,0)
for i in [2,6,7,1]: # Right
vertices.append(pp[i]); normals.append(+1,0,0)
## Visualize
# Create axes
if axes is None:
axes = vv.gca()
# Create mesh and set orientation
m = vv.OrientableMesh(axes, vertices, None, normals, verticesPerFace=4)
#
if translation is not None:
m.translation = translation
if scaling is not None:
m.scaling = scaling
if direction is not None:
m.direction = direction
if rotation is not None:
m.rotation = rotation
# Adjust axes
if axesAdjust:
if axes.daspectAuto is None:
axes.daspectAuto = False
axes.cameraType = '3d'
axes.SetLimits()
# Done
axes.Draw()
return m
def _DragCalcDots(self, event=None):
w, h = self.position.size
dots = Pointset(2)
#
dots.append(3, 3)
dots.append(3, 6)
dots.append(3, 9)
dots.append(6, 3)
dots.append(6, 6)
dots.append(6, 9)
dots.append(9, 3)
dots.append(9, 6)
dots.append(9, 9)
#
dots.append(w - 3, h - 3)
dots.append(w - 3, h - 6)
dots.append(w - 3, h - 9)
dots.append(w - 6, h - 3)
dots.append(w - 6, h - 6)
dots.append(w - 9, h - 3)
self._dots = dots
def polarplot(data1, data2=None, inRadians=False,
lw=1, lc='b', ls="-", mw=7, mc='b', ms='', mew=1, mec='k',
alpha=1, axesAdjust=True, axes=None, **kwargs):
""" polarplot(*args, inRadians=False,
lw=1, lc='b', ls="-", mw=7, mc='b', ms='', mew=1, mec='k',
alpha=1, axesAdjust=True, axes=None):
Plot 2D polar data, using a polar axis to draw a polar grid.
Usage
-----
* plot(Y, ...) plots a 1D polar signal.
* plot(X, Y, ...) also supplies angular coordinates
* plot(P, ...) plots using a Point or Pointset instance
Keyword arguments
-----------------
(The longer names for the line properties can also be used)
lw : scalar
lineWidth. The width of the line. If zero, no line is drawn.
mw : scalar
markerWidth. The width of the marker. If zero, no marker is drawn.
mew : scalar
markerEdgeWidth. The width of the edge of the marker.
lc : 3-element tuple or char
lineColor. The color of the line. A tuple should represent the RGB
values between 0 and 1. If a char is given it must be
one of 'rgbmcywk', for reg, green, blue, magenta, cyan, yellow,
white, black, respectively.
mc : 3-element tuple or char
markerColor. The color of the marker. See lineColor.
mec : 3-element tuple or char
markerEdgeColor. The color of the edge of the marker.
ls : string
lineStyle. The style of the line. (See below)
ms : string
markerStyle. The style of the marker. (See below)
axesAdjust : bool
If axesAdjust==True, this function will call axes.SetLimits(), and set
the camera type to 2D.
axes : Axes instance
Display the image in this axes, or the current axes if not given.
Line styles
-----------
* Solid line: '-'
* Dotted line: ':'
* Dashed line: '--'
* Dash-dot line: '-.' or '.-'
* A line that is drawn between each pair of points: '+'
* No line: '' or None.
Marker styles
-------------
* Plus: '+'
* Cross: 'x'
* Square: 's'
* Diamond: 'd'
* Triangle (pointing up, down, left, right): '^', 'v', '<', '>'
* Pentagram star: 'p' or '*'
* Hexgram: 'h'
* Point/cirle: 'o' or '.'
* No marker: '' or None
Polar axis
----------
This polar axis has a few specialized methods for adjusting the polar
plot. Access these via vv.gca().axis.
* SetLimits(thetaRange, radialRange)
* thetaRange, radialRange = GetLimits()
* angularRefPos: Get and Set methods for the relative screen
angle of the 0 degree polar reference. Default is 0 degs
which corresponds to the positive x-axis (y =0)
* isCW: Get and Set methods for the sense of rotation CCW or
CW. This method takes/returns a bool (True if the default CW).
Interaction
-----------
* Drag mouse up/down to translate radial axis.
* Drag mouse left/right to rotate angular ref position.
* Drag mouse + shift key up/down to rescale radial axis (min R fixed).
"""
# create a dict from the properties and combine with kwargs
tmp = {'lineWidth': lw, 'lineColor': lc, 'lineStyle': ls,
'markerWidth': mw, 'markerColor': mc, 'markerStyle': ms,
'markerEdgeWidth': mew, 'markerEdgeColor': mec}
for i in tmp:
if not i in kwargs:
kwargs[i] = tmp[i]
## create the data
if is_Pointset(data1):
pp = data1
elif is_Point(data1):
pp = Pointset(data1.ndim)
pp.append(data1)
else:
if data1 is None:
raise ValueError("The first argument cannot be None!")
data1 = makeArray(data1)
if data2 is None:
# R data is given, thetadata must be
# a range starting from 0 degrees
data2 = data1
data1 = np.arange(0, data2.shape[0])
else:
data2 = makeArray(data2)
# check dimensions
L = data1.size
if L != data2.size:
raise ValueError("Array dimensions do not match! %i vs %i " %
(data1.size, data2.size))
# build points
data1 = data1.reshape((data1.size, 1))
data2 = data2.reshape((data2.size, 1))
if not inRadians:
data1 = np.pi * data1 / 180.0
## create the line
if axes is None:
axes = vv.gca()
axes.axisType = 'polar'
fig = axes.GetFigure()
l = PolarLine(axes, data1, data2)
l.lw = kwargs['lineWidth']
l.lc = kwargs['lineColor']
l.ls = kwargs['lineStyle']
l.mw = kwargs['markerWidth']
l.mc = kwargs['markerColor']
l.ms = kwargs['markerStyle']
l.mew = kwargs['markerEdgeWidth']
l.mec = kwargs['markerEdgeColor']
l.alpha = alpha
## almost done...
# Init axis
# axes.axis.SetLimits()
if axesAdjust:
if axes.daspectAuto is None:
axes.daspectAuto = True
axes.cameraType = '2d'
axes.SetLimits()
# Subsribe after-draw event handler
# (unsubscribe first in case we do multiple plots)
fig.eventAfterDraw.Unbind(_SetLimitsAfterDraw)
fig.eventAfterDraw.Bind(_SetLimitsAfterDraw)
# Return
axes.Draw()
return l
def solidRing(translation=None,
scaling=None,
direction=None,
rotation=None,
thickness=0.25,
N=16,
M=16,
axesAdjust=True,
axes=None):
""" solidRing(translation=None, scaling=None, direction=None, rotation=None,
thickness=0.25, N=16, M=16, axesAdjust=True, axes=None)
Creates a solid ring with quad faces oriented at the origin.
Returns an OrientableMesh instance.
Parameters
----------
Note that translation, scaling, and direction can also be given
using a Point instance.
translation : (dx, dy, dz), optional
The translation in world units of the created world object.
scaling: (sx, sy, sz), optional
The scaling in world units of the created world object.
direction: (nx, ny, nz), optional
Normal vector that indicates the direction of the created world object.
rotation: scalar, optional
The anle (in degrees) to rotate the created world object around its
direction vector.
thickness : scalar
The tickness of the ring, represented as a fraction of the radius.
N : int
The number of subdivisions around its axis. If smaller
than 8, flat shading is used instead of smooth shading.
M : int
The number of subdivisions along its axis. If smaller
than 8, flat shading is used instead of smooth shading.
axesAdjust : bool
If True, this function will call axes.SetLimits(), and set
the camera type to 3D. If daspectAuto has not been set yet,
it is set to False.
axes : Axes instance
Display the bars in the given axes, or the current axes if not given.
"""
# Note that the number of vertices around the axis is N+1. This
# would not be necessary per see, but it helps create a nice closed
# texture when it is mapped. There are N number of faces though.
# Similarly, to obtain M faces along the axis, we need M+1
# vertices.
# Quick access
pi2 = np.pi * 2
cos = np.cos
sin = np.sin
sl = M + 1
# Determine where the stitch is, depending on M
if M <= 8:
rotOffset = 0.5 / M
else:
rotOffset = 0.0
# Calculate vertices, normals and texcords
vertices = Pointset(3)
normals = Pointset(3)
texcords = Pointset(2)
# Cone
for n in range(N + 1):
v = float(n) / N
a = pi2 * v
# Obtain outer and center position of "tube"
po = Point(sin(a), cos(a), 0)
pc = po * (1.0 - 0.5 * thickness)
# Create two vectors that span the the circle orthogonal to the tube
p1 = (pc - po)
p2 = Point(0, 0, 0.5 * thickness)
# Sample around tube
for m in range(M + 1):
u = float(m) / (M)
b = pi2 * (u + rotOffset)
dp = cos(b) * p1 + sin(b) * p2
vertices.append(pc + dp)
normals.append(dp.normalize())
texcords.append(v, u)
# Calculate indices
indices = []
for j in range(N):
for i in range(M):
#indices.extend([j*sl+i, j*sl+i+1, (j+1)*sl+i+1, (j+1)*sl+i])
indices.extend([(j + 1) * sl + i, (j + 1) * sl + i + 1,
j * sl + i + 1, j * sl + i])
# Make indices a numpy array
indices = np.array(indices, dtype=np.uint32)
## Visualize
# Create axes
if axes is None:
axes = vv.gca()
# Create mesh
m = vv.OrientableMesh(axes,
vertices,
indices,
normals,
values=texcords,
verticesPerFace=4)
#
if translation is not None:
m.translation = translation
if scaling is not None:
m.scaling = scaling
if direction is not None:
m.direction = direction
if rotation is not None:
m.rotation = rotation
# If necessary, use flat shading
if N < 8 or M < 8:
m.faceShading = 'flat'
# Adjust axes
if axesAdjust:
if axes.daspectAuto is None:
axes.daspectAuto = False
axes.cameraType = '3d'
axes.SetLimits()
# Done
axes.Draw()
return m
def _Compile(self):
""" Create a series of glyphs from the given text. From these Glyphs
the textureCords in the font texture can be calculated.
Also the relative vertices are calculated, which are then corrected
for angle and alignment in _PositionText().
-> Produces _vertices1 (and is called when that is None)
"""
# make invalid first
self._Invalidate()
# get font instance from figure
f = self.GetFigure()
if not f:
return
font = f._fontManager.GetFont(self._fontname)
# clear glyphs
glyphs = []
self._xglyph = Glyph(font, 'X', self._size)
tt = self._text
# transform greek characters that were given without double backslash
tt = tt.replace('\alpha', unichr(escapes['alpha']))
tt = tt.replace('\beta', unichr(escapes['beta']))
tt = tt.replace('\rho', unichr(escapes['rho']))
tt = tt.replace('\theta', unichr(escapes['theta']))
# transform other chars
tt = tt.replace(r'\\', '\t') # double backslashes do not escape
for c in escapesKeys:
tt = tt.replace('\\'+c, unichr(escapes[c]))
tt = tt.replace('\t', r'\\')
# get italic and bold modifiers
tt = tt.replace('\i', '\x06') # just use some char that is no string
tt = tt.replace('\b', '\x07')
# build list of glyphs, take sub/super scripting into account.
escape = False
styles = []
style = None # Style to set
for i in range(len(tt)):
c = tt[i]
if escape:
g = Glyph(font, c, self._size, styles)
glyphs.append( g )
escape = False
elif c=='{':
# Append style to the list
if style:
styles.append(style)
style = None
elif c=='}':
# Remove style
if styles:
styles.pop()
elif c=='^':
style = MiniStyle(2)
elif c=='_':
style = MiniStyle(1)
elif c=='\x06':
style = MiniStyle(0,False,True)
elif c=='\x07':
style = MiniStyle(0,True,False)
elif c=='\\' and i+1<len(tt) and tt[i+1] in ['_^\x06\x07']:
escape = True
else:
# create glyph (with new style (or not))
g = Glyph(font, c, self._size, styles+[style])
glyphs.append( g )
style = None
# build arrays with vertices and coordinates
x1, y1, z = 0, 0, 0
vertices = Pointset(3)
texCords = Pointset(2)
for g in glyphs:
x2 = x1 + g.sizex
y2 = g.sizey
#y2 = y1 - g.sizey
dy = g.dy
# append texture coordinates
texCords.append(g.s1, g.t1)
texCords.append(g.s2, g.t1)
texCords.append(g.s2, g.t2)
texCords.append(g.s1, g.t2)
# set skewing for position
skew = self._size * g.skewFactor
# append vertices
vertices.append(x1+skew, y1+dy, z)
vertices.append(x2+skew, y1+dy, z)
vertices.append(x2, y2+dy, z)
vertices.append(x1, y2+dy, z)
# prepare for next glyph
x1 = x1 + g.width + self._charSpacing
# store
self._texCords = texCords
self._vertices1 = vertices
def getSphere(ndiv=3, radius=1.0):
# Example taken from the Red book, end of chaper 2.
# Define constants
X = 0.525731112119133606
Z = 0.850650808352039932
# Creta vdata
vdata = Pointset(3)
app = vdata.append
app(-X, 0.0, Z)
app(X, 0.0, Z)
app(-X, 0.0, -Z)
app(X, 0.0, -Z)
app(0.0, Z, X)
app(0.0, Z, -X)
app(0.0, -Z, X)
app(0.0, -Z, -X)
app(Z, X, 0.0)
app(-Z, X, 0.0)
app(Z, -X, 0.0)
app(-Z, -X, 0.0)
# Create faces
tindices = [[0, 4, 1], [0, 9, 4], [9, 5, 4], [4, 5, 8], [4, 8, 1],
[8, 10, 1], [8, 3, 10], [5, 3, 8], [5, 2, 3], [2, 7, 3],
[7, 10, 3], [7, 6, 10], [7, 11, 6], [11, 0, 6], [0, 1, 6],
[6, 1, 10], [9, 0, 11], [9, 11, 2], [9, 2, 5], [7, 2, 11]]
tindices = np.array(tindices, dtype=np.uint32)
# Init vertex array
vertices = Pointset(3)
# Define function to recursively create vertices and normals
def drawtri(a, b, c, div):
if (div <= 0):
vertices.append(a)
vertices.append(b)
vertices.append(c)
else:
ab = Point(0, 0, 0)
ac = Point(0, 0, 0)
bc = Point(0, 0, 0)
for i in range(3):
ab[i] = (a[i] + b[i]) / 2.0
ac[i] = (a[i] + c[i]) / 2.0
bc[i] = (b[i] + c[i]) / 2.0
ab = ab.normalize()
ac = ac.normalize()
bc = bc.normalize()
drawtri(a, ab, ac, div - 1)
drawtri(b, bc, ab, div - 1)
drawtri(c, ac, bc, div - 1)
drawtri(ab, bc, ac, div - 1)
# Create vertices
for i in range(20):
drawtri(vdata[int(tindices[i][0])], vdata[int(tindices[i][1])],
vdata[int(tindices[i][2])], ndiv)
# Create normals and scale vertices
normals = vertices.copy()
vertices *= radius
# Done
return vertices, normals
def _DragCalcDots(self, event=None):
w,h = self.position.size
dots = Pointset(2)
#
dots.append(3,3); dots.append(3,6); dots.append(3,9)
dots.append(6,3); dots.append(6,6); dots.append(6,9)
dots.append(9,3); dots.append(9,6); dots.append(9,9)
#
dots.append(w-3, h-3); dots.append(w-3, h-6); dots.append(w-3, h-9)
dots.append(w-6, h-3); dots.append(w-6, h-6);
dots.append(w-9, h-3);
self._dots = dots
def solidBox(translation=None,
scaling=None,
direction=None,
rotation=None,
axesAdjust=True,
axes=None):
""" solidBox(translation=None, scaling=None, direction=None, rotation=None,
axesAdjust=True, axes=None)
Creates a solid cube (or box if you scale it) centered at the
origin. Returns an OrientableMesh.
Parameters
----------
Note that translation, scaling, and direction can also be given
using a Point instance.
translation : (dx, dy, dz), optional
The translation in world units of the created world object.
scaling: (sx, sy, sz), optional
The scaling in world units of the created world object.
direction: (nx, ny, nz), optional
Normal vector that indicates the direction of the created world object.
rotation: scalar, optional
The anle (in degrees) to rotate the created world object around its
direction vector.
axesAdjust : bool
If True, this function will call axes.SetLimits(), and set
the camera type to 3D. If daspectAuto has not been set yet,
it is set to False.
axes : Axes instance
Display the bars in the given axes, or the current axes if not given.
"""
# Create vertices of a cube
pp = Pointset(3)
# Bottom
pp.append(-0.5, -0.5, -0.5)
pp.append(+0.5, -0.5, -0.5)
pp.append(+0.5, +0.5, -0.5)
pp.append(-0.5, +0.5, -0.5)
# Top
pp.append(-0.5, -0.5, +0.5)
pp.append(-0.5, +0.5, +0.5)
pp.append(+0.5, +0.5, +0.5)
pp.append(+0.5, -0.5, +0.5)
# Init vertices and normals
vertices = Pointset(3)
normals = Pointset(3)
# Create vertices
for i in [3, 2, 1, 0]: # Top
vertices.append(pp[i])
normals.append(0, 0, -1)
for i in [7, 6, 5, 4]: # Bottom
vertices.append(pp[i])
normals.append(0, 0, +1)
for i in [5, 6, 2, 3]: # Front
vertices.append(pp[i])
normals.append(0, +1, 0)
for i in [1, 7, 4, 0]: # Back
vertices.append(pp[i])
normals.append(0, -1, 0)
for i in [4, 5, 3, 0]: # Left
vertices.append(pp[i])
normals.append(-1, 0, 0)
for i in [2, 6, 7, 1]: # Right
vertices.append(pp[i])
normals.append(+1, 0, 0)
## Visualize
# Create axes
if axes is None:
axes = vv.gca()
# Create mesh and set orientation
m = vv.OrientableMesh(axes, vertices, None, normals, verticesPerFace=4)
#
if translation is not None:
m.translation = translation
if scaling is not None:
m.scaling = scaling
if direction is not None:
m.direction = direction
if rotation is not None:
m.rotation = rotation
# Adjust axes
if axesAdjust:
if axes.daspectAuto is None:
axes.daspectAuto = False
axes.cameraType = '3d'
axes.SetLimits()
# Done
axes.Draw()
return m
def plot(data1,
data2=None,
data3=None,
lw=1,
lc='b',
ls="-",
mw=7,
mc='b',
ms='',
mew=1,
mec='k',
alpha=1,
axesAdjust=True,
axes=None,
**kwargs):
""" plot(*args, lw=1, lc='b', ls="-", mw=7, mc='b', ms='', mew=1, mec='k',
alpha=1, axesAdjust=True, axes=None):
Plot 1, 2 or 3 dimensional data and return the Line object.
Usage
-----
* plot(Y, ...) plots a 1D signal, with the values plotted along the y-axis
* plot(X, Y, ...) also supplies x coordinates
* plot(X, Y, Z, ...) also supplies z coordinates
* plot(P, ...) plots using a Point or Pointset instance
Keyword arguments
-----------------
(The longer names for the line properties can also be used)
lw : scalar
lineWidth. The width of the line. If zero, no line is drawn.
mw : scalar
markerWidth. The width of the marker. If zero, no marker is drawn.
mew : scalar
markerEdgeWidth. The width of the edge of the marker.
lc : 3-element tuple or char
lineColor. The color of the line. A tuple should represent the RGB
values between 0 and 1. If a char is given it must be
one of 'rgbmcywk', for reg, green, blue, magenta, cyan, yellow,
white, black, respectively.
mc : 3-element tuple or char
markerColor. The color of the marker. See lineColor.
mec : 3-element tuple or char
markerEdgeColor. The color of the edge of the marker.
ls : string
lineStyle. The style of the line. (See below)
ms : string
markerStyle. The style of the marker. (See below)
axesAdjust : bool
If axesAdjust==True, this function will call axes.SetLimits(), set
the camera type to 2D when plotting 2D data and to 3D when plotting
3D data. If daspectAuto has not been set yet, it is set to True.
axes : Axes instance
Display the image in this axes, or the current axes if not given.
Line styles
-----------
* Solid line: '-'
* Dotted line: ':'
* Dashed line: '--'
* Dash-dot line: '-.' or '.-'
* A line that is drawn between each pair of points: '+'
* No line: '' or None.
Marker styles
-------------
* Plus: '+'
* Cross: 'x'
* Square: 's'
* Diamond: 'd'
* Triangle (pointing up, down, left, right): '^', 'v', '<', '>'
* Pentagram star: 'p' or '*'
* Hexgram: 'h'
* Point/cirle: 'o' or '.'
* No marker: '' or None
"""
# create a dict from the properties and combine with kwargs
tmp = {
'lineWidth': lw,
'lineColor': lc,
'lineStyle': ls,
'markerWidth': mw,
'markerColor': mc,
'markerStyle': ms,
'markerEdgeWidth': mew,
'markerEdgeColor': mec
}
for i in tmp:
if not i in kwargs:
kwargs[i] = tmp[i]
# init dimension variable
camDim = 0
## create the data
if is_Pointset(data1):
pp = data1
elif is_Point(data1):
pp = Pointset(data1.ndim)
pp.append(data1)
else:
if data1 is None:
raise Exception("The first argument cannot be None!")
data1 = makeArray(data1)
d3 = data3
if data3 is None:
data3 = 0.1 * np.ones(data1.shape)
camDim = 2
else:
camDim = 3
data3 = makeArray(data3)
if data2 is None:
if d3 is not None:
tmp = "third argument in plot() ignored, as second not given."
print "Warning: " + tmp
# y data is given, xdata must be a range starting from 1
data2 = data1
data1 = np.arange(1, data2.shape[0] + 1)
data3 = 0.1 * np.ones(data2.shape)
else:
data2 = makeArray(data2)
# check dimensions
L = data1.size
if L != data2.size or L != data3.size:
raise Exception("Array dimensions do not match! %i vs %i vs %i" %
(data1.size, data2.size, data3.size))
# build points
data1 = data1.reshape((data1.size, 1))
data2 = data2.reshape((data2.size, 1))
data3 = data3.reshape((data3.size, 1))
tmp = data1, data2, data3
pp = Pointset(np.concatenate(tmp, 1))
#pp.points = np.empty((L,3))
#pp.points[:,0] = data1.ravel()
#pp.points[:,1] = data2.ravel()
#pp.points[:,2] = data3.ravel()
# Process camdim for given points or pointsets
if not camDim:
camDim = pp.ndim
## create the line
if axes is None:
axes = vv.gca()
l = vv.Line(axes, pp)
l.lw = kwargs['lineWidth']
l.lc = kwargs['lineColor']
l.ls = kwargs['lineStyle']
l.mw = kwargs['markerWidth']
l.mc = kwargs['markerColor']
l.ms = kwargs['markerStyle']
l.mew = kwargs['markerEdgeWidth']
l.mec = kwargs['markerEdgeColor']
l.alpha = alpha
## done...
if axesAdjust:
if axes.daspectAuto is None:
axes.daspectAuto = True
axes.cameraType = str(camDim) + 'd'
axes.SetLimits()
axes.Draw()
return l
def solidRing(translation=None, scaling=None, direction=None, rotation=None,
thickness=0.25, N=16, M=16, axesAdjust=True, axes=None):
""" solidRing(translation=None, scaling=None, direction=None, rotation=None,
thickness=0.25, N=16, M=16, axesAdjust=True, axes=None)
Creates a solid ring with quad faces oriented at the origin.
Returns an OrientableMesh instance.
Parameters
----------
Note that translation, scaling, and direction can also be given
using a Point instance.
translation : (dx, dy, dz), optional
The translation in world units of the created world object.
scaling: (sx, sy, sz), optional
The scaling in world units of the created world object.
direction: (nx, ny, nz), optional
Normal vector that indicates the direction of the created world object.
rotation: scalar, optional
The anle (in degrees) to rotate the created world object around its
direction vector.
thickness : scalar
The tickness of the ring, represented as a fraction of the radius.
N : int
The number of subdivisions around its axis. If smaller
than 8, flat shading is used instead of smooth shading.
M : int
The number of subdivisions along its axis. If smaller
than 8, flat shading is used instead of smooth shading.
axesAdjust : bool
If True, this function will call axes.SetLimits(), and set
the camera type to 3D. If daspectAuto has not been set yet,
it is set to False.
axes : Axes instance
Display the bars in the given axes, or the current axes if not given.
"""
# Note that the number of vertices around the axis is N+1. This
# would not be necessary per see, but it helps create a nice closed
# texture when it is mapped. There are N number of faces though.
# Similarly, to obtain M faces along the axis, we need M+1
# vertices.
# Quick access
pi2 = np.pi*2
cos = np.cos
sin = np.sin
sl = M+1
# Determine where the stitch is, depending on M
if M<=8:
rotOffset = 0.5/M
else:
rotOffset = 0.0
# Calculate vertices, normals and texcords
vertices = Pointset(3)
normals = Pointset(3)
texcords = Pointset(2)
# Cone
for n in range(N+1):
v = float(n)/N
a = pi2 * v
# Obtain outer and center position of "tube"
po = Point(sin(a), cos(a), 0)
pc = po * (1.0-0.5*thickness)
# Create two vectors that span the the circle orthogonal to the tube
p1 = (pc-po)
p2 = Point(0, 0, 0.5*thickness)
# Sample around tube
for m in range(M+1):
u = float(m) / (M)
b = pi2 * (u+rotOffset)
dp = cos(b) * p1 + sin(b) * p2
vertices.append(pc+dp)
normals.append(dp.normalize())
texcords.append(v,u)
# Calculate indices
indices = []
for j in range(N):
for i in range(M):
#indices.extend([j*sl+i, j*sl+i+1, (j+1)*sl+i+1, (j+1)*sl+i])
indices.extend([(j+1)*sl+i, (j+1)*sl+i+1, j*sl+i+1, j*sl+i])
# Make indices a numpy array
indices = np.array(indices, dtype=np.uint32)
## Visualize
# Create axes
if axes is None:
axes = vv.gca()
# Create mesh
m = vv.OrientableMesh(axes, vertices, indices, normals, values=texcords,
verticesPerFace=4)
#
if translation is not None:
m.translation = translation
if scaling is not None:
m.scaling = scaling
if direction is not None:
m.direction = direction
if rotation is not None:
m.rotation = rotation
# If necessary, use flat shading
if N<8 or M<8:
m.faceShading = 'flat'
# Adjust axes
if axesAdjust:
if axes.daspectAuto is None:
axes.daspectAuto = False
axes.cameraType = '3d'
axes.SetLimits()
# Done
axes.Draw()
return m
def _SliderCalcDots(self, event=None):
# Init dots
dots1, dots2 = Pointset(2), Pointset(2)
# Get width height
w,h = self.position.size
# Fill pointsets
if w > h:
i = 5
while i < h-5:
dots1.append(2,i); dots1.append(5,i)
dots2.append(-2,i); dots2.append(-5,i)
i += 3
else:
i = 5
while i < w-5:
dots1.append(i,2); dots1.append(i,5)
dots2.append(i,-2); dots2.append(i,-5)
i += 3
self._dots1, self._dots2 = dots1, dots2
def lineToMesh(pp, radius, vertex_num, values=None):
""" lineToMesh(pp, radius, vertex_num, values=None)
From a line, create a mesh that represents the line as a tube with
given diameter. Returns a BaseMesh instance.
Parameters
----------
pp : 3D Pointset
The points along the line. If the first and last point are the same,
the mesh-line is closed.
radius : scalar
The radius of the tube that is created. Radius can also be a
sequence of values (containing a radius for each point).
vertex_num : int
The number of vertices to create along the circumference of the tube.
values : list or numpy array (optional)
A value per point. Can be Nx1, Nx2, Nx3 or Nx4. A list of scalars
can also be given. The values are propagated to the mesh vertices
and supplied as input to the Mesh constructor. This allows for example
to define the color for the tube.
"""
# we need this quite a bit
pi = np.pi
# process radius
if hasattr(radius, '__len__'):
if len(radius) != len(pp):
raise ValueError('Len of radii much match len of points.')
else:
radius = np.array(radius, dtype=np.float32)
else:
radius = radius * np.ones((len(pp), ), dtype=np.float32)
# calculate vertex points for 2D circle
angles = np.arange(0, pi * 2 - 0.0001, pi * 2 / vertex_num)
angle_cos = np.cos(angles)
angle_sin = np.sin(angles)
vertex_num2 = len(angles) # just to be sure
# calculate distance between two line pieces (for smooth cylinders)
dists = pp[1:].distance(pp[:-1])
bufdist = min(radius.max(), dists.min() / 2.2)
# check if line is closed
lclosed = (pp[0] == pp[-1])
# calculate normal vectors on each line point
normals = pp[:-1].subtract(pp[1:])
if lclosed:
normals.append(pp[0] - pp[1])
else:
normals.append(pp[-2] - pp[-1])
normals = -1 * normals.normalize()
# create list to store vertices
vertices = Pointset(3)
surfaceNormals = Pointset(3)
# And a list for the values
if values is None:
vvalues = None
nvalues = 0
elif isinstance(values, list):
if len(values) != len(pp):
raise ValueError('There must be as many values as points.')
vvalues = Pointset(1)
elif isinstance(values, np.ndarray):
if values.ndim != 2:
raise ValueError('Values must be Nx1, Nx2, Nx3 or Nx4.')
if values.shape[0] != len(pp):
raise ValueError('There must be as many values as points.')
vvalues = Pointset(values.shape[1])
elif vv.pypoints.is_Pointset(values):
if values.ndim > 4:
raise ValueError('Can specify one to four values per point.')
if len(values) != len(pp):
raise ValueError('There must be as many values as points.')
vvalues = Pointset(values.ndim)
else:
raise ValueError('Invalid value for values.')
# Number of triangelized cylinder elements added to plot the 3D line
n_cylinders = 0
# Init a and b
a, b = Point(0, 0, 1), Point(0, 1, 0)
# Calculate the 3D circle coordinates of the first circle/cylinder
a, b = getSpanVectors(normals[0], a, b)
circm = getCircle(angle_cos, angle_sin, a, b)
# If not a closed line, add half sphere made with 5 cylinders at line start
if not lclosed:
for j in range(5, 0, -1):
# Translate the circle on it's position on the line
r = (1 - (j / 5.0)**2)**0.5
circmp = float(r * radius[0]) * circm + (
pp[0] - (j / 5.0) * bufdist * normals[0])
# Calc normals
circmn = (pp[0].subtract(circmp)).normalize()
# Store the vertex list
vertices.extend(circmp)
surfaceNormals.extend(-1 * circmn)
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[0])
n_cylinders += 1
# Loop through all line pieces
for i in range(len(pp) - 1):
## Create main cylinder between two line points
# which consists of two connected circles.
# get normal and point
normal1 = normals[i]
point1 = pp[i]
# calculate the 3D circle coordinates
a, b = getSpanVectors(normal1, a, b)
circm = getCircle(angle_cos, angle_sin, a, b)
# Translate the circle, and store
circmp = float(radius[i]) * circm + (point1 + bufdist * normal1)
vertices.extend(circmp)
surfaceNormals.extend(circm)
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[i])
n_cylinders += 1
# calc second normal and line
normal2 = normals[i + 1]
point2 = pp[i + 1]
# Translate the circle, and store
circmp = float(radius[i + 1]) * circm + (point2 - bufdist * normal1)
vertices.extend(circmp)
surfaceNormals.extend(circm)
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[i + 1])
n_cylinders += 1
## Create in between circle to smoothly connect line pieces
if not lclosed and i == len(pp) - 2:
break
# get normal and point
normal12 = (normal1 + normal2).normalize()
tmp = (point2 + bufdist * normal2) + (point2 - bufdist * normal1)
point12 = 0.5858 * point2 + 0.4142 * (0.5 * tmp)
# Calculate the 3D circle coordinates
a, b = getSpanVectors(normal12, a, b)
circm = getCircle(angle_cos, angle_sin, a, b)
# Translate the circle, and store
circmp = float(radius[i + 1]) * circm + point12
vertices.extend(circmp)
surfaceNormals.extend(circm)
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(0.5 * (values[i] + values[i + 1]))
n_cylinders += 1
# If not a closed line, add half sphere made with 5 cylinders at line start
# Otherwise add the starting circle to the line end.
if not lclosed:
for j in range(0, 6):
# Translate the circle on it's position on the line
r = (1 - (j / 5.0)**2)**0.5
circmp = float(r * radius[-1]) * circm + (
pp[-1] + (j / 5.0) * bufdist * normals[-1])
# Calc normals
circmn = (pp[-1].subtract(circmp)).normalize()
# Store the vertex list
vertices.extend(circmp)
surfaceNormals.extend(-1 * circmn)
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[-1])
n_cylinders += 1
else:
# get normal and point
normal1 = normals[-1]
point1 = pp[-1]
# calculate the 3D circle coordinates
a, b = getSpanVectors(normal1, a, b)
circm = getCircle(angle_cos, angle_sin, a, b)
# Translate the circle, and store
circmp = float(radius[0]) * circm + (point1 + bufdist * normal1)
vertices.extend(circmp)
surfaceNormals.extend(circm)
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[-1])
n_cylinders += 1
# almost done, determine quad faces ...
# define single faces
#firstFace = [0, 1, vertex_num+1, vertex_num]
#lastFace = [vertex_num-1, 0, vertex_num, 2*vertex_num-1]
firstFace = [vertex_num, vertex_num + 1, 1, 0]
lastFace = [2 * vertex_num - 1, vertex_num, 0, vertex_num - 1]
# define single round
oneRound = []
for i in range(vertex_num - 1):
oneRound.extend([val + i for val in firstFace])
oneRound.extend(lastFace)
oneRound = np.array(oneRound, dtype=np.uint32)
# calculate face data
parts = []
for i in range(n_cylinders - 1):
parts.append(oneRound + i * vertex_num)
faces = np.concatenate(parts)
faces.shape = faces.shape[0] / 4, 4
# Done!
return BaseMesh(vertices, faces, surfaceNormals, vvalues)
def OnDraw(self):
# Draw bg color and edges
Box.OnDraw(self)
# Margin
d1 = 2
d2 = d1+1
# Get normalize limits
t1, t2 = self._getNormalizedSliderLimits()
# Get widget shape
w, h = self.position.size
# Calculate real dimensions of patch
if w > h:
x1, x2 = max(d2, t1*w), min(w-d1, t2*w)
y1, y2 = d1, h-d2
#
dots1 = self._dots1 + Point(x1, 0)
dots2 = self._dots2 + Point(x2, 0)
#
diff = abs(x1-x2)
#
self._label.textAngle = 0
else:
x1, x2 = d2, w-d1
y1, y2 = max(d1, t1*h), min(h-d2, t2*h)
#
dots1 = self._dots1 + Point(0, y1)
dots2 = self._dots2 + Point(0, y2)
#
diff = abs(y1-y2)
#
self._label.textAngle = -90
# Draw slider bit
clr = self._frontColor
gl.glColor(clr[0], clr[1], clr[2], 1.0)
#
gl.glBegin(gl.GL_POLYGON)
gl.glVertex2f(x1,y1)
gl.glVertex2f(x1,y2)
gl.glVertex2f(x2,y2)
gl.glVertex2f(x2,y1)
gl.glEnd()
# Draw dots
if True:
# Prepare
gl.glColor(0,0,0,1)
gl.glPointSize(1)
gl.glDisable(gl.GL_POINT_SMOOTH)
# Draw
gl.glEnableClientState(gl.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
if isinstance(self, RangeSlider) and diff>5:
gl.glVertexPointerf(dots1.data)
gl.glDrawArrays(gl.GL_POINTS, 0, len(dots1))
if diff>5:
gl.glVertexPointerf(dots2.data)
gl.glDrawArrays(gl.GL_POINTS, 0, len(dots2))
gl.glDisableClientState(gl.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
if self._showTicks:
# Reset color to black
gl.glColor(0,0,0,1)
# Draw ticks
if w>h:
p0 = Point(0, h)
p1 = Point(w, h)
delta = Point(0,3)
halign, valign = 0, 0
xoffset, yoffset = -8, -2
else:
p0 = Point(w, h)
p1 = Point(w, 0)
delta = Point(3,0)
halign, valign = -1, 0
xoffset, yoffset = 5, -8
# Get tickmarks
ticks, ticksPos, ticksText = GetTicks(p0, p1, self._fullRange)
newLabelPool = {}
linePieces = Pointset(2)
for tick, pos, text in zip(ticks, ticksPos, ticksText):
pos2 = pos + delta
# Add line piece
linePieces.append(pos); linePieces.append(pos2)
# Create or reuse label
if tick in self._labelPool:
label = self._labelPool.pop(tick)
else:
label = Label(self, ' '+text+' ')
label.bgcolor = ''
# Position label and set text alignment
newLabelPool[tick] = label
label.halign, label.valign = halign, valign
label.position.x = pos2.x + xoffset
label.position.w = 16
label.position.y = pos2.y + yoffset
# Clean up label pool
for label in self._labelPool.values():
label.Destroy()
self._labelPool = newLabelPool
# Draw line pieces
gl.glLineWidth(1)
gl.glEnableClientState(gl.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
gl.glVertexPointerf(linePieces.data)
gl.glDrawArrays(gl.GL_LINES, 0, len(linePieces))
gl.glDisableClientState(gl.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
def _CreateQuads(self):
axes = self.GetAxes()
if not axes:
return
# Store daspect so we can detect it changing
self._daspectStored = axes.daspect
self._qcountStored = self._quadPartitionCount(axes.camera.fov)
# Note that we could determine the world coordinates and use
# them directly here. However, the way that we do it now (using
# the transformations) is to be preferred, because that way the
# transformations are applied via the ModelView matrix stack,
# and can easily be made undone in the raycaster.
# The -0.5 offset is to center pixels/voxels. This works correctly
# for anisotropic data.
#shape = self._texture1._shape
shape = self._texture1._dataRef.shape
x0, x1 = -0.5, shape[2] - 0.5
y0, y1 = -0.5, shape[1] - 0.5
z0, z1 = -0.5, shape[0] - 0.5
# prepare texture coordinates
t0, t1 = 0, 1
# I previously swapped coordinates to make sure the right faces
# were frontfacing. Now I apply culling to achieve the same
# result in a better way.
# using glTexCoord* is the same as glMultiTexCoord*(GL_TEXTURE0)
# Therefore we need to bind the base texture to 0.
# So we draw the six planes of the cube (well not a cube,
# a 3d rectangle thingy). The inside is only rendered if the
# vertex is facing front, so only 3 planes are rendered at a
# time...
# Define the 8 corners of the cube.
tex_coord0, ver_coord0 = Pointset(3), Pointset(3)
# bottom
tex_coord0.append((t0, t0, t0))
ver_coord0.append((x0, y0, z0)) # 0
tex_coord0.append((t1, t0, t0))
ver_coord0.append((x1, y0, z0)) # 1
tex_coord0.append((t1, t1, t0))
ver_coord0.append((x1, y1, z0)) # 2
tex_coord0.append((t0, t1, t0))
ver_coord0.append((x0, y1, z0)) # 3
# top
tex_coord0.append((t0, t0, t1))
ver_coord0.append((x0, y0, z1)) # 4
tex_coord0.append((t0, t1, t1))
ver_coord0.append((x0, y1, z1)) # 5
tex_coord0.append((t1, t1, t1))
ver_coord0.append((x1, y1, z1)) # 6
tex_coord0.append((t1, t0, t1))
ver_coord0.append((x1, y0, z1)) # 7
# Unwrap the vertices. 4 vertices per side = 24 vertices
# Warning: dont mess up the list with indices; theyre carefully
# chosen to be front facing.
tex_coord, ver_coord = Pointset(3), Pointset(3)
for i in [
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 3, 2, 6, 5, 0, 4, 7, 1, 0, 3, 5, 4, 1,
7, 6, 2
]:
tex_coord.append(tex_coord0[i])
ver_coord.append(ver_coord0[i])
# Function to partition each quad in four smaller quads
def partition(tex_coord1, ver_coord1):
tex_coord2, ver_coord2 = Pointset(3), Pointset(3)
for iQuad in range(len(tex_coord1) / 4):
io = iQuad * 4
for i1 in range(4):
for i2 in range(4):
i3 = (i1 + i2) % 4
tex_coord2.append(
0.5 * (tex_coord1[io + i1] + tex_coord1[io + i3]))
ver_coord2.append(
0.5 * (ver_coord1[io + i1] + ver_coord1[io + i3]))
#print('partition from %i to %i vertices' % (len(tex_coord1), len(tex_coord2)))
return tex_coord2, ver_coord2
# Partition quads in smaller quads?
for iter in range(self._qcountStored):
tex_coord, ver_coord = partition(tex_coord, ver_coord)
# Store quads data
self._quads = tex_coord, ver_coord
# Get axes
if axes is None:
axes = vv.gca()
# Create mesh object
m = vv.Mesh(axes, baseMesh)
# Adjust axes
if axesAdjust:
if axes.daspectAuto is None:
axes.daspectAuto = False
axes.cameraType = '3d'
axes.SetLimits()
# Return
axes.Draw()
return m
if __name__ == '__main__':
pp = Pointset(3)
pp.append(0,1,0)
pp.append(3,2,1)
pp.append(4,5,2)
pp.append(2,3,1)
pp.append(0,4,0)
# pp.append(0,1,0)
vv.figure()
m = solidLine(pp, [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.03, 0.2], 8)
def _CreateQuads(self):
axes = self.GetAxes()
if not axes:
return
# Store daspect so we can detect it changing
self._daspectStored = axes.daspect
self._qcountStored = self._quadPartitionCount(axes.camera.fov)
# Note that we could determine the world coordinates and use
# them directly here. However, the way that we do it now (using
# the transformations) is to be preferred, because that way the
# transformations are applied via the ModelView matrix stack,
# and can easily be made undone in the raycaster.
# The -0.5 offset is to center pixels/voxels. This works correctly
# for anisotropic data.
#shape = self._texture1._shape
shape = self._texture1._dataRef.shape
x0, x1 = -0.5, shape[2]-0.5
y0, y1 = -0.5, shape[1]-0.5
z0, z1 = -0.5, shape[0]-0.5
# prepare texture coordinates
t0, t1 = 0, 1
# I previously swapped coordinates to make sure the right faces
# were frontfacing. Now I apply culling to achieve the same
# result in a better way.
# using glTexCoord* is the same as glMultiTexCoord*(GL_TEXTURE0)
# Therefore we need to bind the base texture to 0.
# So we draw the six planes of the cube (well not a cube,
# a 3d rectangle thingy). The inside is only rendered if the
# vertex is facing front, so only 3 planes are rendered at a
# time...
# Define the 8 corners of the cube.
tex_coord0, ver_coord0 = Pointset(3), Pointset(3)
# bottom
tex_coord0.append((t0,t0,t0)); ver_coord0.append((x0, y0, z0)) # 0
tex_coord0.append((t1,t0,t0)); ver_coord0.append((x1, y0, z0)) # 1
tex_coord0.append((t1,t1,t0)); ver_coord0.append((x1, y1, z0)) # 2
tex_coord0.append((t0,t1,t0)); ver_coord0.append((x0, y1, z0)) # 3
# top
tex_coord0.append((t0,t0,t1)); ver_coord0.append((x0, y0, z1)) # 4
tex_coord0.append((t0,t1,t1)); ver_coord0.append((x0, y1, z1)) # 5
tex_coord0.append((t1,t1,t1)); ver_coord0.append((x1, y1, z1)) # 6
tex_coord0.append((t1,t0,t1)); ver_coord0.append((x1, y0, z1)) # 7
# Unwrap the vertices. 4 vertices per side = 24 vertices
# Warning: dont mess up the list with indices; theyre carefully
# chosen to be front facing.
tex_coord, ver_coord = Pointset(3), Pointset(3)
for i in [0,1,2,3, 4,5,6,7, 3,2,6,5, 0,4,7,1, 0,3,5,4, 1,7,6,2]:
tex_coord.append(tex_coord0[i])
ver_coord.append(ver_coord0[i])
# Function to partition each quad in four smaller quads
def partition(tex_coord1, ver_coord1):
tex_coord2, ver_coord2 = Pointset(3), Pointset(3)
for iQuad in range(len(tex_coord1)/4):
io = iQuad * 4
for i1 in range(4):
for i2 in range(4):
i3 = (i1 + i2)%4
tex_coord2.append( 0.5*(tex_coord1[io+i1] + tex_coord1[io+i3]) )
ver_coord2.append( 0.5*(ver_coord1[io+i1] + ver_coord1[io+i3]) )
#print('partition from %i to %i vertices' % (len(tex_coord1), len(tex_coord2)))
return tex_coord2, ver_coord2
# Partition quads in smaller quads?
for iter in range(self._qcountStored):
tex_coord, ver_coord = partition(tex_coord, ver_coord)
# Store quads data
self._quads = tex_coord, ver_coord
def _GetLimits(self, *args):
""" _GetLimits(self, x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2)
Get the limits in world coordinates between which the object
exists. This is used by the Axes class to set the camera correctly.
If None is returned, the limits are undefined.
Inheriting Wobject classes should overload this method. However, they
can use this method to take all transformations into account by giving
the cornerpoints of the untransformed object.
Returns a 3 element tuple of vv.Range instances: xlim, ylim, zlim.
"""
# Examine args
if not args:
minx, maxx, miny, maxy, minz, maxz = [], [], [], [], [], []
elif len(args) == 6:
minx, maxx, miny, maxy, minz, maxz = tuple([[arg] for arg in args])
else:
raise ValueError("_Getlimits expects 0 or 6 arguments.")
# Get limits of children
for ob in self.children:
tmp = ob._GetLimits()
if tmp is not None:
limx, limy, limz = tmp
minx.append(limx.min); maxx.append(limx.max)
miny.append(limy.min); maxy.append(limy.max)
minz.append(limz.min); maxz.append(limz.max)
# Do we have limits?
if not (minx and maxx and miny and maxy and minz and maxz):
return None
# Take min and max
x1, y1, z1 = tuple([min(val) for val in [minx, miny, minz]])
x2, y2, z2 = tuple([max(val) for val in [maxx, maxy, maxz]])
# Make pointset of eight cornerpoints
pp = Pointset(3)
for x in [x1, x2]:
for y in [y1, y2]:
for z in [z1, z2]:
pp.append(x,y,z)
# Transform these points
for i in range(len(pp)):
p = pp[i]
for t in reversed(self._transformations):
if isinstance(t, Transform_Translate):
p.x += t.dx
p.y += t.dy
p.z += t.dz
elif isinstance(t, Transform_Scale):
p.x *= t.sx
p.y *= t.sy
p.z *= t.sz
elif isinstance(t, Transform_Rotate):
angle = float(t.angle * np.pi / 180.0)
q = Quaternion.create_from_axis_angle(angle, t.ax, t.ay, t.az)
p = q.rotate_point(p)
# Update
pp[i] = p
# Return limits
xlim = misc.Range( pp[:,0].min(), pp[:,0].max() )
ylim = misc.Range( pp[:,1].min(), pp[:,1].max() )
zlim = misc.Range( pp[:,2].min(), pp[:,2].max() )
return xlim, ylim, zlim
def _Compile(self):
""" Create a series of glyphs from the given text. From these Glyphs
the textureCords in the font texture can be calculated.
Also the relative vertices are calculated, which are then corrected
for angle and alignment in _PositionText().
-> Produces _vertices1 (and is called when that is None)
"""
# make invalid first
self._Invalidate()
# get font instance from figure
f = self.GetFigure()
if not f:
return
font = f._fontManager.GetFont(self._fontname)
# clear glyphs
glyphs = []
self._xglyph = Glyph(font, 'X', self._size)
tt = self._text
# transform greek characters that were given without double backslash
tt = tt.replace('\alpha', unichr(escapes['alpha']))
tt = tt.replace('\beta', unichr(escapes['beta']))
tt = tt.replace('\rho', unichr(escapes['rho']))
tt = tt.replace('\theta', unichr(escapes['theta']))
# transform other chars
tt = tt.replace(r'\\', '\t') # double backslashes do not escape
for c in escapesKeys:
tt = tt.replace('\\' + c, unichr(escapes[c]))
tt = tt.replace('\t', r'\\')
# get italic and bold modifiers
tt = tt.replace('\i', '\x06') # just use some char that is no string
tt = tt.replace('\b', '\x07')
# build list of glyphs, take sub/super scripting into account.
escape = False
styles = []
style = None # Style to set
for i in range(len(tt)):
c = tt[i]
if escape:
g = Glyph(font, c, self._size, styles)
glyphs.append(g)
escape = False
elif c == '{':
# Append style to the list
if style:
styles.append(style)
style = None
elif c == '}':
# Remove style
if styles:
styles.pop()
elif c == '^':
style = MiniStyle(2)
elif c == '_':
style = MiniStyle(1)
elif c == '\x06':
style = MiniStyle(0, False, True)
elif c == '\x07':
style = MiniStyle(0, True, False)
elif c == '\\' and i + 1 < len(tt) and tt[i + 1] in ['_^\x06\x07']:
escape = True
else:
# create glyph (with new style (or not))
g = Glyph(font, c, self._size, styles + [style])
glyphs.append(g)
style = None
# build arrays with vertices and coordinates
x1, y1, z = 0, 0, 0
vertices = Pointset(3)
texCords = Pointset(2)
for g in glyphs:
x2 = x1 + g.sizex
y2 = g.sizey
#y2 = y1 - g.sizey
dy = g.dy
# append texture coordinates
texCords.append(g.s1, g.t1)
texCords.append(g.s2, g.t1)
texCords.append(g.s2, g.t2)
texCords.append(g.s1, g.t2)
# set skewing for position
skew = self._size * g.skewFactor
# append vertices
vertices.append(x1 + skew, y1 + dy, z)
vertices.append(x2 + skew, y1 + dy, z)
vertices.append(x2, y2 + dy, z)
vertices.append(x1, y2 + dy, z)
# prepare for next glyph
x1 = x1 + g.width + self._charSpacing
# store
self._texCords = texCords
self._vertices1 = vertices
def solidCylinder(translation=None, scaling=None, direction=None, rotation=None,
N=16, M=16, axesAdjust=True, axes=None):
""" solidCylinder(
translation=None, scaling=None, direction=None, rotation=None,
N=16, M=16, axesAdjust=True, axes=None)
Creates a cylinder object with quad faces and its base at the origin.
Returns an OrientableMesh instance.
Parameters
----------
Note that translation, scaling, and direction can also be given
using a Point instance.
translation : (dx, dy, dz), optional
The translation in world units of the created world object.
scaling: (sx, sy, sz), optional
The scaling in world units of the created world object.
direction: (nx, ny, nz), optional
Normal vector that indicates the direction of the created world object.
rotation: scalar, optional
The anle (in degrees) to rotate the created world object around its
direction vector.
N : int
The number of subdivisions around its axis. If smaller
than 8, flat shading is used instead of smooth shading.
M : int
The number of subdivisions along its axis. If smaller
than 8, flat shading is used instead of smooth shading.
axesAdjust : bool
If True, this function will call axes.SetLimits(), and set
the camera type to 3D. If daspectAuto has not been set yet,
it is set to False.
axes : Axes instance
Display the bars in the given axes, or the current axes if not given.
"""
# Note that the number of vertices around the axis is N+1. This
# would not be necessary per see, but it helps create a nice closed
# texture when it is mapped. There are N number of faces though.
# Similarly, to obtain M faces along the axis, we need M+1
# vertices.
# Quick access
pi2 = np.pi*2
cos = np.cos
sin = np.sin
sl = N+1
# Calculate vertices, normals and texcords
vertices = Pointset(3)
normals = Pointset(3)
texcords = Pointset(2)
# Round part
for m in range(M+1):
z = 1.0 - float(m)/M # between 0 and 1
v = float(m)/M
#
for n in range(N+1):
b = pi2 * float(n) / N
u = float(n) / (N)
x = cos(b)
y = sin(b)
vertices.append(x,y,z)
normals.append(x,y,0)
texcords.append(u,v)
# Top
for m in range(2):
for n in range(N+1):
b = pi2 * float(n) / N
u = float(n) / (N)
x = cos(b) * m # todo: check which ones are frontfacing!
y = sin(b) * m
vertices.append(x,y,1)
normals.append(0,0,1)
texcords.append(u,0)
# Bottom
for m in range(2):
for n in range(N+1):
b = pi2 * float(n) / N
u = float(n) / (N)
x = cos(b) * (1-m)
y = sin(b) * (1-m)
vertices.append(x,y,0)
normals.append(0,0,-1)
texcords.append(u,1)
# Normalize normals
normals = normals.normalize()
# Calculate indices
indices = []
for j in range(M):
for i in range(N):
#indices.extend([j*sl+i, j*sl+i+1, (j+1)*sl+i+1, (j+1)*sl+i])
indices.extend([(j+1)*sl+i, (j+1)*sl+i+1, j*sl+i+1, j*sl+i])
j = M+1
for i in range(N):
indices.extend([(j+1)*sl+i, (j+1)*sl+i+1, j*sl+i+1, j*sl+i])
j = M+3
for i in range(N):
indices.extend([(j+1)*sl+i, (j+1)*sl+i+1, j*sl+i+1, j*sl+i])
# Make indices a numpy array
indices = np.array(indices, dtype=np.uint32)
## Visualization
# Create axes
if axes is None:
axes = vv.gca()
# Create mesh
m = vv.OrientableMesh(axes, vertices, indices, normals, values=texcords,
verticesPerFace=4)
#
if translation is not None:
m.translation = translation
if scaling is not None:
m.scaling = scaling
if direction is not None:
m.direction = direction
if rotation is not None:
m.rotation = rotation
# Set flat shading?
if N<8 or M<8:
m.faceShading = 'flat'
# Adjust axes
if axesAdjust:
if axes.daspectAuto is None:
axes.daspectAuto = False
axes.cameraType = '3d'
axes.SetLimits()
# Done
axes.Draw()
return m
def lineToMesh(pp, radius, vertex_num, values=None):
""" lineToMesh(pp, radius, vertex_num, values=None)
From a line, create a mesh that represents the line as a tube with
given diameter. Returns a BaseMesh instance.
Parameters
----------
pp : 3D Pointset
The points along the line. If the first and last point are the same,
the mesh-line is closed.
radius : scalar
The radius of the tube that is created. Radius can also be a
sequence of values (containing a radius for each point).
vertex_num : int
The number of vertices to create along the circumference of the tube.
values : list or numpy array (optional)
A value per point. Can be Nx1, Nx2, Nx3 or Nx4. A list of scalars
can also be given. The values are propagated to the mesh vertices
and supplied as input to the Mesh constructor. This allows for example
to define the color for the tube.
"""
# we need this quite a bit
pi = np.pi
# process radius
if hasattr(radius, '__len__'):
if len(radius) != len(pp):
raise ValueError('Len of radii much match len of points.')
else:
radius = np.array(radius, dtype=np.float32)
else:
radius = radius*np.ones((len(pp),), dtype=np.float32)
# calculate vertex points for 2D circle
angles = np.arange(0, pi*2-0.0001, pi*2/vertex_num)
angle_cos = np.cos(angles)
angle_sin = np.sin(angles)
vertex_num2 = len(angles) # just to be sure
# calculate distance between two line pieces (for smooth cylinders)
dists = pp[1:].distance(pp[:-1])
bufdist = min( radius.max(), dists.min()/2.2)
# check if line is closed
lclosed = (pp[0]==pp[-1])
# calculate normal vectors on each line point
normals = pp[:-1].subtract( pp[1:] )
if lclosed:
normals.append( pp[0]-pp[1] )
else:
normals.append( pp[-2]-pp[-1] )
normals = -1 * normals.normalize()
# create list to store vertices
vertices = Pointset(3)
surfaceNormals = Pointset(3)
# And a list for the values
if values is None:
vvalues = None
nvalues = 0
elif isinstance(values, list):
if len(values) != len(pp):
raise ValueError('There must be as many values as points.')
vvalues = Pointset(1)
elif isinstance(values, np.ndarray):
if values.ndim != 2:
raise ValueError('Values must be Nx1, Nx2, Nx3 or Nx4.')
if values.shape[0] != len(pp):
raise ValueError('There must be as many values as points.')
vvalues = Pointset(values.shape[1])
elif vv.pypoints.is_Pointset(values):
if values.ndim > 4:
raise ValueError('Can specify one to four values per point.')
if len(values) != len(pp):
raise ValueError('There must be as many values as points.')
vvalues = Pointset(values.ndim)
else:
raise ValueError('Invalid value for values.')
# Number of triangelized cylinder elements added to plot the 3D line
n_cylinders = 0
# Init a and b
a, b = Point(0,0,1), Point(0,1,0)
# Calculate the 3D circle coordinates of the first circle/cylinder
a,b = getSpanVectors(normals[0], a, b)
circm = getCircle(angle_cos, angle_sin, a, b);
# If not a closed line, add half sphere made with 5 cylinders at line start
if not lclosed:
for j in range(5,0,-1):
# Translate the circle on it's position on the line
r = (1-(j/5.0)**2)**0.5
circmp = float(r*radius[0])*circm + (pp[0]-(j/5.0)*bufdist*normals[0])
# Calc normals
circmn = ( pp[0].subtract(circmp) ).normalize()
# Store the vertex list
vertices.extend( circmp )
surfaceNormals.extend( -1*circmn )
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[0])
n_cylinders += 1
# Loop through all line pieces
for i in range(len(pp)-1):
## Create main cylinder between two line points
# which consists of two connected circles.
# get normal and point
normal1 = normals[i]
point1 = pp[i]
# calculate the 3D circle coordinates
a,b = getSpanVectors(normal1, a, b)
circm = getCircle(angle_cos, angle_sin, a, b)
# Translate the circle, and store
circmp = float(radius[i])*circm + (point1+bufdist*normal1)
vertices.extend( circmp )
surfaceNormals.extend( circm )
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[i])
n_cylinders += 1
# calc second normal and line
normal2 = normals[i+1]
point2 = pp[i+1]
# Translate the circle, and store
circmp = float(radius[i+1])*circm + (point2-bufdist*normal1)
vertices.extend( circmp )
surfaceNormals.extend( circm )
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[i+1])
n_cylinders += 1
## Create in between circle to smoothly connect line pieces
if not lclosed and i == len(pp)-2:
break
# get normal and point
normal12 = (normal1 + normal2).normalize()
tmp = (point2+bufdist*normal2) + (point2-bufdist*normal1)
point12 = 0.5858*point2 + 0.4142*(0.5*tmp)
# Calculate the 3D circle coordinates
a,b = getSpanVectors(normal12, a, b)
circm = getCircle(angle_cos, angle_sin, a, b);
# Translate the circle, and store
circmp = float(radius[i+1])*circm + point12
vertices.extend( circmp )
surfaceNormals.extend( circm )
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append( 0.5*(values[i]+values[i+1]) )
n_cylinders += 1
# If not a closed line, add half sphere made with 5 cylinders at line start
# Otherwise add the starting circle to the line end.
if not lclosed:
for j in range(0,6):
# Translate the circle on it's position on the line
r = (1-(j/5.0)**2)**0.5
circmp = float(r*radius[-1])*circm + (pp[-1]+(j/5.0)*bufdist*normals[-1])
# Calc normals
circmn = ( pp[-1].subtract(circmp) ).normalize()
# Store the vertex list
vertices.extend( circmp )
surfaceNormals.extend( -1*circmn )
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[-1])
n_cylinders += 1
else:
# get normal and point
normal1 = normals[-1]
point1 = pp[-1]
# calculate the 3D circle coordinates
a,b = getSpanVectors(normal1, a, b)
circm = getCircle(angle_cos, angle_sin, a, b)
# Translate the circle, and store
circmp = float(radius[0])*circm + (point1+bufdist*normal1)
vertices.extend( circmp )
surfaceNormals.extend( circm )
if vvalues is not None:
for iv in range(vertex_num2):
vvalues.append(values[-1])
n_cylinders += 1
# almost done, determine quad faces ...
# define single faces
#firstFace = [0, 1, vertex_num+1, vertex_num]
#lastFace = [vertex_num-1, 0, vertex_num, 2*vertex_num-1]
firstFace = [vertex_num, vertex_num+1, 1, 0]
lastFace = [2*vertex_num-1, vertex_num, 0, vertex_num-1]
# define single round
oneRound = []
for i in range(vertex_num-1):
oneRound.extend( [val+i for val in firstFace] )
oneRound.extend(lastFace)
oneRound = np.array(oneRound, dtype=np.uint32)
# calculate face data
parts = []
for i in range(n_cylinders-1):
parts.append(oneRound+i*vertex_num)
faces = np.concatenate(parts)
faces.shape = faces.shape[0]/4, 4
# Done!
return BaseMesh(vertices, faces, surfaceNormals, vvalues)
def _GetLimits(self, *args):
""" _GetLimits(self, x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2)
Get the limits in world coordinates between which the object
exists. This is used by the Axes class to set the camera correctly.
If None is returned, the limits are undefined.
Inheriting Wobject classes should overload this method. However, they
can use this method to take all transformations into account by giving
the cornerpoints of the untransformed object.
Returns a 3 element tuple of vv.Range instances: xlim, ylim, zlim.
"""
# Examine args
if not args:
minx, maxx, miny, maxy, minz, maxz = [], [], [], [], [], []
elif len(args) == 6:
minx, maxx, miny, maxy, minz, maxz = tuple([[arg] for arg in args])
else:
raise ValueError("_Getlimits expects 0 or 6 arguments.")
# Get limits of children
for ob in self.children:
tmp = ob._GetLimits()
if tmp is not None:
limx, limy, limz = tmp
minx.append(limx.min)
maxx.append(limx.max)
miny.append(limy.min)
maxy.append(limy.max)
minz.append(limz.min)
maxz.append(limz.max)
# Do we have limits?
if not (minx and maxx and miny and maxy and minz and maxz):
return None
# Take min and max
x1, y1, z1 = tuple([min(val) for val in [minx, miny, minz]])
x2, y2, z2 = tuple([max(val) for val in [maxx, maxy, maxz]])
# Make pointset of eight cornerpoints
pp = Pointset(3)
for x in [x1, x2]:
for y in [y1, y2]:
for z in [z1, z2]:
pp.append(x, y, z)
# Transform these points
for i in range(len(pp)):
p = pp[i]
for t in reversed(self._transformations):
if isinstance(t, Transform_Translate):
p.x += t.dx
p.y += t.dy
p.z += t.dz
elif isinstance(t, Transform_Scale):
p.x *= t.sx
p.y *= t.sy
p.z *= t.sz
elif isinstance(t, Transform_Rotate):
angle = float(t.angle * np.pi / 180.0)
q = Quaternion.create_from_axis_angle(
angle, t.ax, t.ay, t.az)
p = q.rotate_point(p)
# Update
pp[i] = p
# Return limits
xlim = misc.Range(pp[:, 0].min(), pp[:, 0].max())
ylim = misc.Range(pp[:, 1].min(), pp[:, 1].max())
zlim = misc.Range(pp[:, 2].min(), pp[:, 2].max())
return xlim, ylim, zlim
#!/usr/bin/env python import numpy as np import visvis as vv from visvis.pypoints import Point, Pointset app = vv.use() # create random points a = np.random.normal(size=(1000, 3)) pp = Pointset(a) pp *= Point(2, 5, 1) # prepare axes a = vv.gca() a.cameraType = '3d' a.daspectAuto = False # draw points l = vv.plot(pp, ms='.', mc='r', mw='9', ls='', mew=0) l.alpha = 0.1 app.Run()
