def example_one():
"""
File "/home/mutwa/projects/effective_python_tips/item_59/waste_memory.py", line 7
self.x = os.urandom(100)
File "/home/mutwa/projects/effective_python_tips/item_59/waste_memory.py", line 14
obj = MyObject()
File "/home/mutwa/projects/effective_python_tips/item_59/waste_memory.py", line 22
deep_values.append(get_data())
File "with_trace.py", line 9
x = waste_memory.run()
File "with_trace.py", line 18
example_one()
File "with_trace.py", line 22
main()
- notes for Nick
- a stack trace like this is most valuable for figuring out which
particular usage of a common function is responsible for memory consumption in a program.
"""
tracemalloc.start(10)
time1 = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()
x = waste_memory.run()
time2 = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()
stats = time2.compare_to(time1, 'traceback')
top = stats[0]
print('\n'.join(top.traceback.format()))
def example_one():
"""
/path/to/waste_memory.py:7: size=2392 KiB (+2392 KiB), count=29987 (+29987), average=82 B
/path/to/waste_memory.py:8: size=869 KiB (+869 KiB), count=10000 (+10000), average=89 B
/path/to/waste_memory.py:14: size=547 KiB (+547 KiB), count=10000 (+10000), average=56 B
"""
tracemalloc.start(10) # Save upto 10 stack frames
time1 = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()
x = waste_memory.run()
time2 = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()
stats = time2.compare_to(time1, 'lineno')
for stat in stats[:3]:
print(stat)
def example_one():
"""
5165 objects before
15178 objects after
<waste_memory.MyObject object at 0x7f2b059c4518>
<waste_memory.MyObject object at 0x7f2b059c4550>
<waste_memory.MyObject object at 0x7f2b059c4588>
- notes for Nick
- the problem with g.get_objects is that it doesn't tell you anything
about how the objects were allocated.
"""
found_objects = gc.get_objects()
print('%d objects before' % len(found_objects))
x = waste_memory.run()
found_objects = gc.get_objects()
print('%d objects after' % len(found_objects))
for obj in found_objects[:3]:
print(repr(obj)[:100])
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# Preamble to mimick book environment
import logging
from pprint import pprint
from sys import stdout as STDOUT
# Example 3
import tracemalloc
tracemalloc.start(10) # Save up to 10 stack frames
time1 = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()
import waste_memory
x = waste_memory.run()
time2 = tracemalloc.take_snapshot()
stats = time2.compare_to(time1, 'lineno')
for stat in stats[:3]:
print(stat)
#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# top_n.py
import tracemalloc
tracemalloc.start(10) # 스택 깊이 설정
time1 = tracemalloc.take_snapshot() # 이전 스냅샷
import waste_memory
x = waste_memory.run() # Usage to debug
time2 = tracemalloc.take_snapshot() # 이후 스냅샷
stats = time2.compare_to(time1, 'lineno') # 두 스냅샷을 비교
for stat in stats[:3]:
print(stat)
# Copyright 2014-2019 Brett Slatkin, Pearson Education Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import gc
found_objects = gc.get_objects()
print('Before:', len(found_objects))
import waste_memory
hold_reference = waste_memory.run()
found_objects = gc.get_objects()
print('After: ', len(found_objects))
for obj in found_objects[:3]:
print(repr(obj)[:100])
print('...')
