def test_with_only_point_charges_should_be_equal_to_original_results(self):
charges = [
PointCharge(2, [0, 0]),
PointCharge(-1, [2, 1]),
PointCharge(1, [4, 0])
]
original_electric_field = ElectricFieldWrapper(self._config, charges)
original_result, _, __ = original_electric_field.calculate()
parallel_electric_field = ParallelElectricField(
self._config, charges, 16)
parallel_result, _, __ = parallel_electric_field.calculate()
assert_array_almost_equal(original_result, parallel_result, decimal=5)
def test_monopole_fluxpoints(self):
"""Tests monopole flux points."""
field = ElectricField([PointCharge(2, [0, 0])])
circle = GaussianCircle([0, 0], 10)
fluxpoints = circle.fluxpoints(field, 4)
self.assertEqual(len(fluxpoints), 4)
self.assertTrue(
isclose(fluxpoints, [[10, 0], [0, 10], [-10, 0], [0, -10]]).all())
fluxpoints = circle.fluxpoints(field, 14)
self.assertEqual(len(fluxpoints), 14)
self.assertTrue(isclose(fluxpoints[0], [10, 0]).all())
self.assertTrue(isclose(fluxpoints[7], [-10, 0]).all())
x1 = fluxpoints[1:7]
x2 = fluxpoints[-1:7:-1]
x2[:, 1] = fabs(x2[:, 1])
self.assertTrue(isclose(x1, x2).all())
x1 = append(fluxpoints[-3:], fluxpoints[:4], axis=0)
x2 = fluxpoints[-4:3:-1]
x2[:, 0] = fabs(x2[:, 0])
self.assertEqual(len(x1), len(x2))
self.assertTrue(isclose(x1, x2).all())
def test_dipole_fluxpoints(self):
"""Tests dipole flux points."""
field = ElectricField(
[PointCharge(-2, [0, 0]),
PointCharge(2, [2, 0])])
circle = GaussianCircle([0, 0], 0.1)
fluxpoints = circle.fluxpoints(field, 4)
self.assertEqual(len(fluxpoints), 4)
fluxpoints = circle.fluxpoints(field, 14)
self.assertEqual(len(fluxpoints), 14)
self.assertTrue(isclose(fluxpoints[0], [0.1, 0]).all())
self.assertTrue(isclose(fluxpoints[7], [-0.1, 0]).all())
x1 = fluxpoints[1:7]
x2 = fluxpoints[-1:7:-1]
x2[:, 1] = fabs(x2[:, 1])
self.assertTrue(isclose(x1, x2).all())
def test_with_multiple_charge_types_should_be_equal_to_original_results(
self):
charges = [
PointChargeFlatland(2, [0, 0]),
PointCharge(-1, [2, 1]),
LineCharge(1, [-1, -2], [-1, 2])
]
original_electric_field = ElectricFieldWrapper(self._config, charges)
original_result, _, __ = original_electric_field.calculate()
sequential_electric_field = SequentialElectricField(
self._config, charges)
sequential_result, _, __ = sequential_electric_field.calculate()
assert_array_almost_equal(original_result,
sequential_result,
decimal=5)
def test_with_multiple_charge_types_should_be_equal_to_sequential_results(
self):
charges = [
PointChargeFlatland(2, [0, 0]),
PointCharge(-1, [2, 1]),
LineCharge(1, [-1, -2], [-1, 2])
]
sequential_electric_field = SequentialElectricField(
self._config, charges)
sequential_result, _, __ = sequential_electric_field.calculate()
parallel_electric_field = ParallelElectricField(
self._config, charges, 16)
parallel_result, _, __ = parallel_electric_field.calculate()
assert_array_almost_equal(sequential_result,
parallel_result,
decimal=5)
from electrostatics import PointCharge
from electrostatics import ElectricField, Potential, GaussianCircle
from electrostatics import finalize_plot
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
XMIN, XMAX = -200, 200
YMIN, YMAX = -150, 150
ZOOM = 33
XOFFSET = 0
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges and electric field
charges = [
PointCharge(1, [-2, 0]),
PointCharge(1, [2, 0]),
PointCharge(-1, [0, -2]),
PointCharge(-1, [0, 2]),
PointCharge(0, [0, 0])
]
field = ElectricField(charges)
potential = Potential(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surfaces
g = [GaussianCircle(charges[i].x, 0.1) for i in range(len(charges))]
g[2].a0 = radians(90)
g[3].a0 = radians(-90)
# Create the field lines
fieldlines = []
import electrostatics
from electrostatics import PointCharge, ElectricField, Potential, GaussianCircle
from electrostatics import finalize_plot
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
XMIN, XMAX = -40, 40
YMIN, YMAX = -30, 30
ZOOM = 6
XOFFSET = 0
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges and electric field
charges = [
PointCharge(2, [-2, 0]),
PointCharge(-4, [0, 0]),
PointCharge(2, [2, 0])
]
field = ElectricField(charges)
potential = Potential(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surfaces
g1 = GaussianCircle(charges[0].x, 0.1)
g2 = GaussianCircle(charges[-1].x, 0.1)
# Create the field lines
fieldlines = []
for g in [g1, g2]:
for x in g.fluxpoints(field, 12):
fieldlines.append(field.line(x))
import electrostatics
from electrostatics import PointCharge, ElectricField, GaussianCircle
from electrostatics import finalize_plot
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
XMIN, XMAX = -40, 40
YMIN, YMAX = -30, 30
ZOOM = 6
XOFFSET = 0
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges and electric field
charges = [PointCharge(2, [-2, 0]),
PointCharge(-1, [-2/3, 0]),
PointCharge(-1, [0, -2/3]),
PointCharge(-1, [0, 2/3]),
PointCharge(-1, [2/3, 0]),
PointCharge(2, [2, 0]),
PointCharge(0, [0, 0])]
field = ElectricField(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surfaces
g = [GaussianCircle(charges[i].x, 0.1) for i in range(len(charges))]
g[2].a0 = radians(90)
g[3].a0 = radians(-90)
# Create the field lines
fieldlines = []
import electrostatics
from electrostatics import PointCharge, ElectricField, GaussianCircle
from electrostatics import finalize_plot
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
XMIN, XMAX = -40, 40
YMIN, YMAX = -30, 30
ZOOM = 6
XOFFSET = 0
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges and electric field
charges = [PointCharge(1, [-1, 0]), PointCharge(-1, [1, 0])]
field = ElectricField(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surface
g = GaussianCircle(charges[0].x, 0.1)
# Create the field lines
fieldlines = []
for x in g.fluxpoints(field, 12):
fieldlines.append(field.line(x))
fieldlines.append(field.line([10, 0]))
# Create the vector grid
x, y = numpy.meshgrid(
numpy.linspace(XMIN / ZOOM + XOFFSET, XMAX / ZOOM + XOFFSET, 41),
numpy.linspace(YMIN / ZOOM, YMAX / ZOOM, 31))
import electrostatics
from electrostatics import PointCharge
from electrostatics import ElectricField, Potential, GaussianCircle
from electrostatics import finalize_plot
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
XMIN, XMAX = -40, 40
YMIN, YMAX = -30, 30
ZOOM = 6
XOFFSET = 0
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges and electric field
charges = [PointCharge(1, [-2, 0]),
PointCharge(1, [2, 0]),
PointCharge(0, [0, 0])]
field = ElectricField(charges)
potential = Potential(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surfaces
g = [GaussianCircle(charges[i].x, 0.1) for i in range(len(charges))]
g[0].a0 = radians(-180)
# Create the field lines
fieldlines = []
for g_ in g[:-1]:
for x in g_.fluxpoints(field, 12):
fieldlines.append(field.line(x))
def setUp(self):
"""Creates a q=2 point charge at (0, 0)."""
self.charge = PointCharge(2, [0, 0])
def setUp(self):
"""Sets up a dipole centred at (0, 0)."""
charges = [PointCharge(-2, [-1, 0]), PointCharge(2, [1, 0])]
self.field = ElectricField(charges)
import electrostatics
from electrostatics import PointCharge
from electrostatics import ElectricField, Potential, GaussianCircle
from electrostatics import finalize_plot
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
XMIN, XMAX = -200, 200
YMIN, YMAX = -150, 150
ZOOM = 30
XOFFSET = 0
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges, electric field, and potential
charges = [PointCharge(1, [-2, 0]),
PointCharge(1, [2, 0]),
PointCharge(1, [0, -2]),
PointCharge(1, [0, 2]),
PointCharge(-4, [0, 0])]
field = ElectricField(charges)
potential = Potential(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surfaces
g = [GaussianCircle(charges[i].x, 0.1) for i in range(len(charges))]
g[2].a0 = radians(90)
g[3].a0 = radians(-90)
# Create the field lines
fieldlines = []
for g_ in g[:-1]:
from electrostatics import PointCharge, ElectricField, GaussianCircle
from electrostatics import finalize_plot
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
XMIN, XMAX = -40, 40
YMIN, YMAX = -30, 30
ZOOM = 6
XOFFSET = 2
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges and electric field. The point with charge 0 is a
# termination point (0 electric field).
charges = [
PointCharge(2, [0, 0]),
PointCharge(-1, [2, 0]),
PointCharge(0, [6.82842712474619, 0])
]
field = ElectricField(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surfaces
g1 = GaussianCircle(charges[0].x, 29)
g2 = GaussianCircle(charges[1].x, 0.1)
# Create the field lines
fieldlines = []
for x in g1.fluxpoints(field, 12):
fieldlines.append(field.line(x))
for x in g2.fluxpoints(field, 12):
fieldlines.append(field.line(x))
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
XMIN, XMAX = -200, 200
YMIN, YMAX = -150, 150
ZOOM = 30
XOFFSET = 0
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges and electric field
charges = [
LineCharge(0.2, [-2, -0.5], [-2, 0.5]),
LineCharge(0.4, [-2, -0.5], [0, -0.5]),
LineCharge(0.4, [-2, 0.5], [0, 0.5]),
PointCharge(-1, [1, 0])
]
field = ElectricField(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surfaces
g = GaussianCircle(charges[-1].x, 0.1)
# Create the field lines
fieldlines = []
for x in g.fluxpoints(field, 15):
fieldlines.append(field.line(x))
fieldlines.append(field.line([-3, 0]))
# Plotting
pyplot.figure(figsize=(6, 4.5))
field.plot()
def draw_E_and_V(charges,
locations,
background=False,
circlesize=True,
lines=True):
XMIN, XMAX = -40, 40
YMIN, YMAX = -40, 40
ZOOM = 5
XOFFSET = 0
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges, electric field, and potential
charges = [
PointCharge(charges[i] * 1e9, locations[i][:2])
for i in range(len(charges))
]
field = ElectricField(charges)
potential = Potential(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surface
fieldlines = []
for charge in charges:
g = GaussianCircle(charge.x, 0.1)
# Create the field lines
for x in g.fluxpoints(field, 12):
fieldlines.append(field.line(x))
fieldlines.append(field.line([10, 0]))
# Create the vector grid
x, y = numpy.meshgrid(
numpy.linspace(XMIN / ZOOM + XOFFSET, XMAX / ZOOM + XOFFSET, 41),
numpy.linspace(YMIN / ZOOM, YMAX / ZOOM, 31))
u, v = numpy.zeros_like(x), numpy.zeros_like(y)
n, m = x.shape
for i in range(n):
for j in range(m):
if any(
numpy.isclose(
electrostatics.norm(charge.x - [x[i, j], y[i, j]]), 0)
for charge in charges):
u[i, j] = v[i, j] = None
else:
mag = field.magnitude([x[i, j], y[i, j]])**(1 / 5)
a = field.angle([x[i, j], y[i, j]])
u[i, j], v[i, j] = mag * numpy.cos(a), mag * numpy.sin(a)
## Plotting ##
# Electric field lines and potential contours
fig = pyplot.figure(figsize=(20, 9))
pyplot.subplot(1, 2, 1)
#fig = pyplot.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
potential.plot()
potential.plot_color()
if background:
field.plot()
if lines:
for fieldline in fieldlines:
fieldline.plot()
for charge in charges:
charge.plot(circlesize)
finalize_plot()
#fig.savefig('dipole-field-lines.pdf', transparent=True)
# Field vectors
pyplot.subplot(1, 2, 2)
#fig = pyplot.figure(figsize=(8,6))
cmap = pyplot.cm.get_cmap('hsv')
pyplot.quiver(x, y, u, v, pivot='mid', cmap=cmap, scale=35)
for charge in charges:
charge.plot()
finalize_plot()
#fig.savefig('dipole-field-vectors.pdf', transparent=True)
pyplot.show()
import electrostatics
from electrostatics import PointCharge, LineCharge
from electrostatics import ElectricField, GaussianCircle
from electrostatics import finalize_plot
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
XMIN, XMAX = -80, 80
YMIN, YMAX = -60, 60
ZOOM = 15
XOFFSET = 0
electrostatics.init(XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, ZOOM, XOFFSET)
# Set up the charges and electric field
charges = [LineCharge(1, [-1, -2], [-1, 2]), PointCharge(-1, [1, 0])]
field = ElectricField(charges)
# Set up the Gaussian surfaces
g = GaussianCircle(charges[1].x, 0.1)
# Create the field lines
fieldlines = []
for x in g.fluxpoints(field, 12):
fieldlines.append(field.line(x))
fieldlines.append(field.line([-10, 0]))
# Plotting
pyplot.figure(figsize=(6, 4.5))
field.plot()
for fieldline in fieldlines:
