def is_preceded_by_common_linking_verb(L, i): return helper.preceded_by([ 'am', 'is', 'was', 'are', 'will', 'were', 'become', 'becomes', 'became', 'seem', 'seems', 'seemed' ])(L, i)
def preceded_by_this_that(L, i): return helper.preceded_by(['this', 'that'])(L, i)
def preceded_by_modifier(L, i): return helper.preceded_by(['too', 'pretty', 'very', 'really'])(L, i)
def preceded_by_a_an(L, i): return helper.preceded_by(['a', 'an', 'the'])(L, i)
def preceded_by_is_are(L, i): return helper.preceded_by(['is', 'was', 'are', 'were'])(L, i)